262:. The first royal veto came in 1872, after which the proposition was slightly altered, but it was vetoed again in 1874. Two identical propositions followed, and were defeated, in 1877 and 1880. After 1880, the question about ministers faded into the background; instead the disagreement centered around the King's right to a veto in constitutional cases. According to the Constitution, the King had the right to postpone a non-constitutional act three times. On the other hand, the Constitution did not mention any veto in constitutional cases. Three views became distinct: some argued that the King had no veto at all, the middle ground was held by people who would allow a postponing veto, while the government and the King claimed an
471:
42:
404:
conflict. If conservative
Commanders of the Army were to use force to subdue the parliamentary process, it was clear that rifle associations, too, could march upon Kristiania, possibly aided by "rogue" commanders such as Albert Jacobsen. Hol supported the liberal rifle associations, and helped found
730:
who represented the
Liberal Party and P. R. Saltvik of the Labour Party. Stousland received 732 votes, Hauge 460 votes and Saltvik 231 votes. As a "running mate", Hol received 511 votes. He also got 8 votes as a primary candidate. In the second round of voting, the Coalition Party dropped Hauge and
168:
When the conservatives lost the
Impeachment case, there was a change of government and the charges against Hol were dropped. Two years later, he received an economic compensation from the Parliament. After some quiet years in which he concentrated on engineering work, Hol returned to politics as a
403:
of 1861—was politically conservative, but a great number of the newer associations, especially in rural districts, supported the political liberals and radicals. They exercised as regular troops, but did not commit acts of political violence. Rather, a latent purpose was to deter a possible
277:
Although the veto question became central, the ministers were not out of the spotlight. Since the ministers were inferior to the King within the executive branch, the King was responsible for all actions conducted by this branch; however, the ministers were responsible for the advice given to the
152:
supported the conservative politicians, and Hol believed that a political and military counter-offensive was planned, hence the need for guarding the
Parliament. The tensions between liberals and conservatives drew Hol into politics in the first place in 1880. Before this, he was an engineer by
539:
was formed, but in reality it stood no chance of surviving as it faced the
Liberal-dominated Parliament, whose means of pressuring the executive branch had been strengthened following the Impeachment trial. In June, as Schweigaard entered his last month as Prime Minister, the King summoned
501:
The pamphlet was confiscated by the police on 8 February. The person who printed the pamphlet, Nikolai Olsen, was arrested on the same day, and the apprehension of Jon Hol followed on 10 February. He remained in custody until 26 February, and was indicted on 11 March, for
494:). Like previous writings, it called upon semi-military personnel and other weapon-able citizens to arm themselves and encircle the Parliament Building. This time, he did not call for the citizens to "await" the situation, but instead to "fire! at the traitors of the
1271:
377:
of rifles in depots around the country be disconnected, to prevent a situation in which uprising peasantry turned the Army's own weapons against them. Secret talks on a coup d'état supported by the military were held between Oscar and
Christian Selmer at the
556:
The
Conservative politicians and the King had accepted the parliamentary process without any military conflict. However, conflicts as such still existed. The country's establishment had been shocked by a number of labor conflicts, with a street battle at
631:, as it turned out, was to mark the transition between two kinds of trade unionism; the one dominated by the bourgeois Liberal Party and the one dominated by the socialist Labour Party. The organization became defunct around 1890. The publication
368:
he stated that there was a need for preparedness regarding the political situation, as a possible pretext for "disturbances and demonstrations". Otto
Nyquist, a personal friend of the King, was instated in 1882 as commander of the
364:, located nearby the Norwegian Parliament, was known as a staunch conservative. In 1880, he had called for Parliament to increase the military contingent in the city. The Chief of Police supported this request; in a letter to the
523:
In the meantime, Christian Selmer was impeached on 27 February; his cabinet members followed one by one, the last being impeached on 1 April. On 11 March, Selmer resigned. Two acting Prime
Ministers were drawn from his cabinet;
282:. If any ministers were to dissent, according to the Constitution, they had to state this explicitly in the meeting protocol, lest they be considered in agreement and thus co-responsible. The King was above the law, but the
758:. With 2,075 votes in Skien the party prevailed over Labour. However, it fared much worse in the other six cities, carried 4,571 votes in total and lost the election in the Market towns of Telemark and Aust-Agder counties.
731:
propped up Hol, who now had J. A. Larsen as his running mate. Also, the Labour Party pulled out. Hol received 595 votes, but succumbed to
Stousland who got 855 votes. Hauge got 2 votes, and Hol got 23 "running mate" votes.
1279:
1065:
1090:
398:
548:. Broch gave up on 22 June, and Johan Sverdrup became Prime Minister on 26 June. In light of this change in circumstances, the case against Hol had been annulled by Royal Resolution— earlier on 6 June.
458:
was nearing its end. One of the last actions of Selmer's cabinet was to refuse to sanction a parliamentary money grant to the rifle association—the liberals had won the 1882 parliamentary election in a
431:
This activism was not compatible with his professional career, as he was a municipal employee. In this situation, Hol chose to formally leave the radical organizations, resigning as a member of the board of
298:, and as the latter group held a two-thirds majority, an Impeachment trial with a fairly certain outcome could start as soon as the liberals won control over the Lagting seats through general elections.
611:. However, the strike at Akers Mekaniske had been a failure, as the laborers had returned to work by on 26 August—with a 10% pay cut. It soon faced competition from more worker-dominated
1570:
742:, and it was a plural-member constituency where representatives were selected from the party lists with the most votes. Hol was fielded as the second candidate on the ballot of the
197:, the son of Gunder Johnsen and Rønnaug Haakonsdatter. He began a military education in 1869, and later conducted self-studies as well as attending various schools, including the
242:. Also, ministers were already criticized in parliamentary debates; if they were questioned in person they would have the chance to defend themselves. This required altering the
198:
739:
722:
with a leaning towards the Liberals. In the first round of voting, Hol was a "running mate" (deputy candidate) of former parliamentarian and government minister
1580:
348:
Hol eventually came to believe that King Oscar II and his supporters, if opposed by the Norwegian Parliament, would usurp political power with the help of the
420:
he wrote that a "coup d'etat or attempt thereof" would lead to a popular uprising, where "real Norwegians", "soldier or non-soldier" alike would encircle the
234:
in for questioning. Initially, this was not meant to function as a lever against individual ministers, but rather to increase debate on important issues. The
365:
1575:
352:. Hol based this view on two speeches given by Oscar in 1882, one of them at the closing of the parliamentary session that year and hence before the
751:
254:. The conservatives in Parliament also opposed this, fearing that the increasingly liberal-dominated parliament would use constitutional change to
1560:
659:
by the Liberal-dominated Parliament as compensation for lost income. In 1887 he was again publicly employed, assisting in the construction of the
655:
Hol had been fired from his municipal job on 13 February 1884. After 1884, he laid low for a few years, but on 26 May 1886 he was given 1500
624:
1164:
1301:
601:. On 7 October, a new board was elected, and the first point of their manifesto was "Law-abidingness — moral conduct — sobriety".
735:
707:
353:
1555:
310:, a liberal jurist who had become the spearhead of parliamentary opposition to the King. Hol also became involved in the workers' society
226:
in 1877, but found his interest in politics growing as he observed the mounting political turmoil at the time. Liberal politicians in the
1585:
1565:
1550:
743:
640:
516:
48:
1499:
1456:
144:, creating a "Ring of Rifles", should the need arise. The political situation in Norway at the time was unstable, with an ongoing
1545:
1530:
357:
235:
153:
occupation and a writer, albeit apolitical. He increased his writing after 1880, and also involved himself in non-socialist
597:
421:
141:
1540:
544:
to form a compromise cabinet, but this failed owing to Conservative opposition, spearheaded by up-and-coming politician
536:
533:
463:—further polarizing the situation. Rumours flew that personnel of the Norwegian Army were preparing for action at
750:. The Radical People's Party fared well in Skien and Kragerø. With 1,050 votes in Kragerø the party prevailed over the
578:
158:
507:
393:
One of the means to counter this development, was the formation of semi-military forces. All over the country, local
1535:
607:
was supported by people from individual factories, but the mainly philanthropic activists were associated with the
591:. The printer Nikolai Olsen became treasurer. Among the union's demands were normal working hours for laborers and
583:
279:
1435:
823:
755:
312:
719:
711:
566:
283:
608:
291:
620:
243:
1487:
340:, which had been started in 1882 and edited by David Dietrichson for a short while before Hol took over.
1520:
1248:
1207:
910:
394:
336:
as the main public arenas for his activism. He was also behind the rifle associations' member magazine
1174:
679:. From time to time he wrote technical articles on water pipes, among other subjects, in the magazine
1525:
1169:
464:
295:
287:
259:
145:
1309:
455:
1426:
703:
271:
255:
231:
182:
178:
520:
noted that no conservative writers had been sanctioned, despite openly calling for a coup d'état.
222:
While studying, Hol became interested in journalism. He began writing for the apolitical magazine
592:
460:
247:
238:
was not elected, and the intention was to enhance a co-governing with the democratically elected
149:
503:
137:
1495:
1452:
746:, the new name of the Labour Democrats. The first candidate was A. Jørgensen, police chief of
723:
715:
529:
361:
290:
for advising the King to act out an unconstitutional veto. The Impeachment Court consisted of
270:
and the separation of powers principle. Those who held the first view cited the principle of
1475:
451:
140:. In the pamphlet, he called for soldiers and civilians to arm themselves and encircle the
762:
681:
541:
17:
440:. He thereby retained his job. However, in early 1884 he was fired by the municipality.
814:
727:
660:
558:
383:
374:
349:
307:
267:
1479:
1514:
1466:
Nordby, Trond (2006). "Unionsoppløsningen i 1905 og overgangen til parlamentarisme".
1094:
1069:
689:
644:
574:
132:(c. 1851 – 1941) was a Norwegian engineer and activist. He is known for his pamphlet
320:) at that time, as a member of the board. From 1881, he worked on their publication
1444:
1400:
1382:
818:
491:
170:
1357:
667:
in 1891, holding this position for almost twenty-five years, and later worked in
565:
in May 1880, as examples of the more volatile events. In August 1884, workers at
1202:
1160:
1156:
944:
901:
612:
413:
239:
202:
154:
1332:
595:. It staunchly opposed socialist ideas, especially through the union newspaper
747:
577:
effective as of 1 August. In addition, Jon Hol took the initiative to found a
545:
525:
511:
495:
726:, who adhered to the Coalition Party with a conservative leaning. They faced
416:. Apart from organizational work, he wrote several articles on the issue. In
1173:(in Norwegian). Vol. 1. Oslo: Arbeidermagasinets Forlag. Archived from
998:
827:(in Norwegian). Vol. 6 (1 ed.). Oslo: Aschehoug. pp. 192–194.
694:
672:
562:
370:
317:
194:
64:
587:. Representatives from seventeen factories elected Hol as the secretary of
373:
stationed in Kristiania. In late 1883, Oscar suggested that the storage of
738:, when the voting system had changed completely. The constituency was now
482:
On 6 February 1884, Hol released a pamphlet which has come to be known as
1243:
676:
668:
227:
470:
148:
case against the conservative government started by political liberals.
425:
710:
in the constituency Skien, but was not elected. He has been called an
324:. This periodical eventually ceased publication, but was succeeded by
1449:
I politikkens sentrum. Variasjoner i Stortingets makt 1814–2004
1275:
706:
in the city council of Skien for twenty years. In 1906 he ran in the
532:
from 29 March to 3 April. Then, a new cabinet led by Selmer's former
428:" to "await" and the political processes and guard the Constitution.
379:
201:. In 1876, he married Karen Pedersdatter, a farmers' daughter from
41:
664:
514:
were indicted on the same charge. Upon the arrests, the newspaper
469:
174:
263:
251:
206:
162:
1001:(in Norwegian). International League of Antiquarian Booksellers
400:
Centralforeningen for Udbredelse af Legemsøvelser og Vaabenbrug
905:
136:, published in February 1884, that resulted in his arrest for
1385:; Eskeland, Arnold; Tandberg, Erik, eds. (1972). "Hol, Jon".
1272:"List of publications owned by Norwegian academic libraries"
1451:(in Norwegian) (2nd ed.). Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
205:
and in 1878, he was hired by the city engineering corps of
702:, as well as for the local press. He also represented the
450:
In February 1884, the Impeachment trial of Prime Minister
1439:(in Norwegian) (3rd ed.). Oslo: Det Norske Samlaget.
157:, including the unsuccessful attempt of establishing a
266:. Allegedly, an absolute veto was in the "spirit" of
258:
the executive branch, and thereby infringe upon the
199:
Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry
1363:(in Norwegian). Statistics Norway. pp. 101–103
1338:(in Norwegian). Statistics Norway. pp. 122–123
761:Hol died in 1941, and was buried on 16 May 1941 at
714:candidate. At the time, however, he was denoted by
88:
80:
72:
57:
32:
561:in 1878 and the storming of an employer's home at
397:had sprung up. The first rifle association—
316:, which was dominated by political liberals (not
740:Market towns of Telemark and Aust-Agder counties
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
569:faced a 10% pay cut. A debate had been held in
230:struggled to introduce the practice of calling
1196:
1194:
1192:
573:on 30 July, and the meeting decided to call a
1389:(in Norwegian). Vol. 3. Oslo: Gyldendal.
8:
1494:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
1228:
1226:
246:, a move which the executive branch, led by
1571:Radical People's Party (Norway) politicians
1122:
1120:
1051:
1049:
688:He became active again in politics and the
966:
964:
948:(in Norwegian). 4 October 1932. p. 5.
40:
29:
1020:"Glimt fra Hovedstadspressen, mai 1884".
887:
885:
866:
864:
854:
852:
744:Radical People's Party (Labour Democrats)
647:party associated with the Liberal Party.
639:was the party organ of the newly founded
627:followed in 1899. The historical role of
121:Local politician, parliamentary candidate
1066:"Ole Bachke. Acting Prime Minister 1884"
1252:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget
1211:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget
1091:"Niels Rye. Acting Prime Minister 1884"
914:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget
779:
663:. He was hired as the city engineer of
656:
625:Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions
1387:Gyldendals store konversasjonsleksikon
1308:(in Norwegian). BIBSYS. Archived from
1304:Ervervelse av vannfall: verdiberegning
809:
807:
805:
803:
635:was continued, and beginning in 1906,
467:, some miles northeast of Kristiania.
328:in 1883, which Hol co-owned. Hol used
801:
799:
797:
795:
793:
791:
789:
787:
785:
783:
692:. He wrote for the liberal newspaper
412:, a local rifle association based in
278:King when they were assembled in the
193:Hol was born at the farm Ekornhol in
7:
1581:Coalition Party (Norway) politicians
734:Hol stood for election again in the
623:was formed in 1887, and from it the
486:(The Rifle Ring), with the subtitle
390:publicly supported such a solution.
1468:Norsk Statsvitenskapelig Tidsskrift
344:Rifle associations and the military
286:and his cabinet could be tried for
1576:20th-century Norwegian politicians
1492:1880-årene. Ti år som rystet Norge
1331:Olafsen, Arnet; Haffner, Vilhelm.
366:Ministry of Justice and the Police
248:King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway
150:King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway
25:
1480:10.18261/ISSN1504-2936-2006-01-01
294:and elected politicians from the
1242:Henriksen, Petter, ed. (2007).
474:A reproduction of the pamphlet
27:Norwegian engineer and activist
1561:Norwegian temperance activists
1205:. In Henriksen, Petter (ed.).
908:. In Henriksen, Petter (ed.).
438:Kristiania Folkevæbningssamlag
406:Kristiania Folkevæbningssamlag
358:Harald Nicolai Storm Wergeland
236:executive branch of government
109:Advocate of rifle associations
103:Advocate of government change
1:
1165:"Arbeiderforbund, Det Norske"
643:, a non-socialist labour and
617:Fagforeningenes Centralkomite
408:in his city. He also chaired
142:Parliament of Norway Building
76:1941, before 16 May (aged 89)
1203:"Det norske Arbeiderforbund"
1024:(in Norwegian). 21 May 1884.
988:Nerbøvik, 2007: pp. 121–124.
979:Nerbøvik, 2007: pp. 153–154.
698:and the temperance magazine
537:Christian Homann Schweigaard
736:1924 parliamentary election
718:as loosely adhering to the
619:. On the political side, a
579:national trade union center
386:in 1883, and the newspaper
159:national trade union center
1602:
1586:Burials at Vestre gravlund
1232:Sørensen, 1984: pp.111–112
1201:Mardal, Magnus A. (2007).
629:Det norske Arbeiderforbund
615:, coordinated through the
605:Det norske Arbeiderforbund
589:Det norske Arbeiderforbund
584:Det norske Arbeiderforbund
571:Kristiania Arbeidersamfund
552:Det norske Arbeiderforbund
434:Kristiania Arbeidersamfund
313:Kristiania Arbeidersamfund
18:Det norske Arbeiderforbund
1566:Politicians from Telemark
1551:Norwegian trade unionists
1403:(in Norwegian). DIS-Norge
942:"Skytternes blad 50 år".
824:Norsk biografisk leksikon
177:, representing the local
39:
1431:Norsk historie 1860–1914
567:Akers Mekaniske Verksted
528:from 11 to 29 March and
185:twice, without success.
817:(1934). "Hol, Jon". In
708:parliamentary elections
1556:Lèse majesté in Norway
1546:Norwegian male writers
1401:"Cemeteries in Norway"
1358:"Stortingsvalget 1924"
1333:"Stortingsvalget 1906"
1126:Sørensen, 1984: p. 67.
1114:Sørensen, 1984: p. 66.
1043:Nerbøvik 2007, p. 159.
1034:Sørensen, 1984: p. 61.
970:Sørensen, 1984: p. 59.
958:Sørensen, 1984: p. 14.
540:mathematics professor
479:
292:Supreme Court Justices
183:parliamentary election
1531:People from Nord-Odal
1249:Store norske leksikon
1244:"Radikale folkeparti"
1208:Store norske leksikon
932:Nerbøvik, 2007: p.155
911:Store norske leksikon
846:Nerbøvik, 2007: p.142
837:Nordby, 2006: pp.9–10
508:Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
473:
354:1882 general election
224:Norsk Nationaltidende
1170:Arbeidernes leksikon
1135:Sørensen, 1984: p.11
1055:Nerbøvik 2007, p.161
661:Bandak-Nordsjø Canal
465:Kongsvinger Fortress
338:Norsk Skyttertidende
260:separation of powers
232:government ministers
228:Norwegian Parliament
97:Writer in newspapers
1541:Norwegian engineers
1312:on 17 February 2012
1282:on 17 February 2012
704:temperance movement
534:Minister of Finance
424:with "thousands of
422:Parliament Building
360:, the Commander at
306:Jon Hol sided with
302:Arenas for activism
272:popular sovereignty
179:temperance movement
1302:"BIBSYS entry for
891:Nordby, 2004: p.76
879:Nordby, 2004: p.93
870:Nordby, 2006: p.10
858:Nordby, 2004: p.75
593:universal suffrage
480:
395:rifle associations
213:Political activism
46:Illustration from
1536:People from Skien
1488:Sørensen, Øystein
1433:. Volume five of
1427:Nerbøvik, Jostein
1177:on 21 August 2011
724:Hans Nilsen Hauge
716:Statistics Norway
530:Niels Mathias Rye
461:landslide victory
410:Nordre Skytterlag
362:Akershus Fortress
130:Jon Gundersen Hol
127:
126:
118:
106:
16:(Redirected from
1593:
1505:
1483:
1470:(in Norwegian).
1462:
1440:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1362:
1354:
1348:
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1345:
1343:
1337:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1278:. Archived from
1274:(in Norwegian).
1268:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1239:
1233:
1230:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1198:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1153:
1136:
1133:
1127:
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1115:
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1103:
1101:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1044:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1006:
995:
989:
986:
980:
977:
971:
968:
959:
956:
950:
949:
939:
933:
930:
924:
923:
921:
919:
898:
892:
889:
880:
877:
871:
868:
859:
856:
847:
844:
838:
835:
829:
828:
811:
752:Social Democrats
658:
641:Labour Democrats
452:Christian Selmer
280:Council of State
116:
104:
92:Engineering work
44:
30:
21:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1511:
1510:
1502:
1486:
1465:
1459:
1443:
1425:
1422:
1417:
1416:
1406:
1404:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1366:
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1360:
1356:
1355:
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1341:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1315:
1313:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1285:
1283:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1224:
1214:
1212:
1200:
1199:
1190:
1180:
1178:
1163:, eds. (1932).
1155:
1154:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1099:
1097:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1074:
1072:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1004:
1002:
997:
996:
992:
987:
983:
978:
974:
969:
962:
957:
953:
941:
940:
936:
931:
927:
917:
915:
900:
899:
895:
890:
883:
878:
874:
869:
862:
857:
850:
845:
841:
836:
832:
813:
812:
781:
776:
771:
763:Vestre gravlund
720:Coalition Party
682:Teknisk Ukeblad
653:
554:
542:Ole Jacob Broch
454:and his entire
448:
346:
304:
250:, continuously
220:
215:
191:
181:. He stood for
93:
68:
62:
53:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1599:
1597:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1506:
1500:
1484:
1463:
1457:
1441:
1436:Norsk historie
1421:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1392:
1374:
1349:
1323:
1293:
1263:
1234:
1222:
1188:
1137:
1128:
1116:
1107:
1082:
1057:
1045:
1036:
1027:
1012:
990:
981:
972:
960:
951:
934:
925:
893:
881:
872:
860:
848:
839:
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778:
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308:Johan Sverdrup
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1420:Bibliography
1405:. Retrieved
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1365:. Retrieved
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1340:. Retrieved
1326:
1314:. Retrieved
1310:the original
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1296:
1284:. Retrieved
1280:the original
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1254:. Retrieved
1247:
1237:
1213:. Retrieved
1206:
1179:. Retrieved
1175:the original
1168:
1161:Hegna, Trond
1157:Friis, Jakob
1131:
1110:
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815:Meyer, Håkon
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171:city council
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155:trade unions
138:lèse majesté
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49:Verdens Gang
47:
1526:1941 deaths
1474:(1): 3–21.
1306:by Jon Hol"
1022:Aftenposten
945:Aftenposten
712:independent
484:Rifleringen
476:Rifleringen
445:Rifleringen
414:Nordre Aker
288:Impeachment
240:legislature
146:impeachment
134:Rifleringen
113:Rifleringen
1515:Categories
906:"Riksrett"
769:References
756:Communists
651:Later life
637:Arbeideren
633:Arbeideren
598:Arbeideren
546:Emil Stang
526:Ole Bachke
512:Lars Holst
496:Fatherland
334:Nordmanden
326:Nordmanden
318:socialists
218:Background
207:Kristiania
189:Early life
163:Kristiania
81:Occupation
695:Dagbladet
673:Kongsberg
563:Etterstad
418:Samfundet
371:battalion
330:Samfundet
322:Samfundet
195:Nord-Odal
115:pamphlet
94:Activism
65:Nord-Odal
1490:(1984).
1447:(2004).
1429:(2007).
904:(2007).
669:Notodden
426:bayonets
203:Sør-Odal
84:Engineer
67:, Norway
1407:7 March
1367:7 March
1342:7 March
1316:3 April
1286:3 April
1256:3 April
1215:3 April
1181:3 April
1100:3 April
1075:3 April
1005:3 April
918:5 April
821:(ed.).
748:Kragerø
488:Giv Akt
456:cabinet
382:castle
380:Scanian
296:Lagting
61:c. 1851
52:, 1884.
34:Jon Hol
1498:
1455:
1276:BIBSYS
700:Folket
575:strike
559:Kampen
252:vetoed
117:(1884)
1361:(PDF)
1336:(PDF)
774:Notes
677:Risør
665:Skien
375:bolts
256:check
175:Skien
1496:ISBN
1453:ISBN
1409:2011
1369:2011
1344:2011
1318:2009
1288:2009
1258:2009
1217:2009
1183:2009
1102:2009
1077:2009
1007:2009
920:2009
754:and
675:and
510:and
436:and
332:and
268:1814
73:Died
58:Born
1476:doi
498:".
173:of
161:in
1517::
1472:22
1246:.
1225:^
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1167:.
1159:;
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1219:.
1185:.
1104:.
1079:.
1009:.
922:.
490:(
478:.
20:)
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