Diaspora - Knowledge (XXG)

2374: 34: 1437: 1724:, which was the object of immigration due to employment in the administrative and tertiary sectors) experienced a conspicuous immigration flow. These migratory movements were accompanied by other flows of lesser intensity, such as transfers from the countryside to smaller cities and travel from mountainous areas to the plains. The main reasons that gave rise to this massive migratory flow were linked to the living conditions in the places of origin of the emigrants (which were very harsh), the absence of stable work, the high rate of poverty, the poor fertility of many agricultural areas, the fragmentation of land properties, which characterized southern Italy above all, and the insecurity caused by 745:, or the social coherence which exists within the diaspora communities and their ties to the ancestral lands. Some diaspora communities maintain strong cultural and political ties to their homelands. Other qualities that may be typical of many diasporas are thoughts of return to the ancestral lands, maintaining any form of ties with the region of origin as well as relationships with other communities in the diaspora, and lack of full integration into the new host countries. Diasporas often maintain ties to the country of their historical affiliation and usually influence their current host country's policies towards their homeland. "Diaspora management" is a term that 843: 863: 674: 346: 7898: 1188: 6833: 7398: 2128: 1357: 647:(2005) more inclusively applied three basic definitional criteria: First, geographic dispersion (voluntary or forced) of a people; second, "the orientation to a real or imagined 'homeland' as an authoritative source of value, identity and loyalty"; and third, maintenance of a social boundary corresponding to the conservation of a distinctive diasporic identity which differs from the host culture. Brubaker also noted that the use of the term 6099: 1935:. From 1947, after the war, Istrian Italians and Dalmatian Italians were subject by Yugoslav authorities to less violent forms of intimidation, such as nationalization, expropriation, and discriminatory taxation, which gave them little option other than emigration. In 1953, there were 36,000 declared Italians in Yugoslavia, just about 16% of the original Italian population before World War II. According to the census organized in 2328: 1642: 1582: 7003: 602: 45: 2882:

Bangladesh (7.5 million), the Syrian Arab Republic (6.9 million), Pakistan (6.0 million), Ukraine (5.9 million), the Philippines (5.7 million) and the United Kingdom Since 2000, countries experiencing the largest increase in their diaspora populations were the Syrian Arab Republic (872 per cent), India (108 per cent) and the Philippines (85 per cent).

1417:. An estimated 45% to 85% of Ireland's population emigrated to areas including Britain, the United States, Canada, Argentina, Australia, and New Zealand. The size of the Irish diaspora is demonstrated by the number of people around the world who claim Irish ancestry; some sources put the figure at 80 to 100 million. 1728:. Overall, the Italians who moved from southern to northern Italy amounted to 4 million. The migratory flow from the countryside to the big cities also contracted and then stopped in the 1980s. At the same time, migratory movements towards medium-sized cities and those destined for small-sized villages increased. 1912:. These regions were ethnically mixed, with long-established historic Croatian, Italian, and Slovene communities. According to various sources, the exodus is estimated to have amounted to between 230,000 and 350,000 Italians (the others being ethnic Slovenes, Croats, and Istro-Romanians, who chose to maintain 2816:. Tölölyan cites but does not actually quote Dubnow, claiming that Dubnow "stipulates that the Greek colony-cities of Antiquity might be called diasporas," whereas Dubnow clearly refers to the colonies as they stood "in the ancient Roman Empire," that is, after they had lost their political independence. 4313:

The Gypsies, or Romt it is generally accepted that they did emigrate from northern India some time between the 6th and 11th centuries, then crosanies, are an ethnic group that arrived in Europe around the 14th century. Scholars argue about when and how they left India, bused the Middle East and came

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Since the 1990s, South Korea's population has been aging and its fertility rate has fallen. At the same time, the number of Koreans living abroad has risen considerably. These trends threaten to diminish South Korea's international and economic stature. To mitigate the negative effects of these new

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A South Korean diaspora movement during the 1990s caused the homeland fertility rate to drop when a large amount of the middle class emigrated, as the rest of the population continued to age. To counteract the change in these demographics, the South Korean government initiated a diaspora-engagement

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into southern and eastern Europe, Iceland, the British Isles and Greenland. The recent application of the word "diaspora" to the Viking lexicon highlights their cultural profile distinct from their predatory reputation in the regions they settled, especially in the North Atlantic. The more positive

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database to show that 17 out of the 18 books on diaspora published between 1900 and 1910 were on the Jewish diaspora. The majority of works in the 1960s were also about the Jewish diaspora, but in 2002 only two out of 20 books sampled (out of a total of 253) were about the Jewish case, with a total

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in the early 1990s and the 1992 moratorium on cod fishing. Fishing had previously been a major driver of the economies of the Atlantic provinces, and this loss of work proved catastrophic for many families. As a result, beginning in the early 1990s and into the late 2000s, thousands of people from

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The largest Asian diaspora in the world is the Indian diaspora. The overseas Indian community, estimated to number over 17.5 million, is spread across many regions of the world, on every continent. It is a global community which is diverse, heterogeneous and eclectic and its members represent

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reflects the increasing popularity of the diaspora notion to describe a wide range of phenomena related to contemporary migration, displacement and transnational mobility. While corporate diaspora seems to avoid or contradict connotations of violence, coercion, and unnatural uprooting historically

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In the People's Republic of China, millions of migrant workers have sought greater opportunity in the country's booming coastal metropolises, though this trend has slowed with the further development of China's interior. Migrant social structures in Chinese megacities are often based on place of

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Most early discussions of the diaspora were firmly rooted in a conceptual 'homeland'; they were concerned with a paradigmatic case, or a small number of core cases. The paradigmatic case was, of course, the Jewish diaspora; some dictionary definitions of diaspora, until recently, did not simply

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In 2017, with 16.6 million persons living abroad, India was the leading country of origin of international migrants. Migrants from Mexico constituted the second largest 'diaspora' in the world (13.0 million), followed by those from the Russian Federation (10.6 million), China (10.0 million),

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In Siam, regional power struggles among several kingdoms in the region led to a large diaspora of ethnic Lao between the 1700s–1800s by Siamese rulers to settle large areas of the Siamese kingdom's northeast region, where Lao ethnicity is still a major factor in 2012. During this period, Siam

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of their homeland; they regard their ancestral homeland as their true home, to which they will eventually return; being committed to the restoration or maintenance of that homeland, and they relate "personally or vicariously" to the homeland to a point where it shapes their identity. Safran's

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Such colonizing migrations cannot be considered indefinitely as diasporas; over very long periods, eventually, the migrants assimilate into the settled area so completely that it becomes their new mental homeland. Thus the modern Magyars of Hungary do not feel that they belong in the Western

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and Southeast Asia. The third wave began in the 1970s as land shortages intensified and the pool of educated labor greatly exceeded job openings in Nepal. Job-related emigration created Nepalese enclaves in India, the wealthier countries of the Middle East, Europe, and North America. Current

703:, since a significant number of evacuees have not been able to return, yet maintain aspirations to do so. Agnieszka Weinar (2010) notes the widening use of the term, arguing that recently, "a growing body of literature succeeded in reformulating the definition, framing diaspora as almost any 730:

associated with the notion of diaspora, its scholarly use may heuristically describe the ways in which corporations function alongside diasporas. In this way, corporate diaspora might foreground the racial histories of diasporic formations without losing sight of the cultural logic of

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has been widening. He suggests that one element of this expansion in use "involves the application of the term diaspora to an ever-broadening set of cases: essentially to any and every nameable population category that is to some extent dispersed in space". Brubaker used the

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has forced further migration, with at least 4 million displaced as per UN estimates. 2.8 million Iranians immigrated in 2022, i.e., 3.3% of the total population; the majority of which were academics. There are five million registered Afghanistanis, 10 million approximately.

2115:. This wave lasted until the 1960s, and another wave followed when Tibet opened up to trade and tourism in the 1980s. It is estimated that about 200,000 Tibetans live now dispersed worldwide, half of them in India, Nepal and Bhutan. In lieu of lost citizenship papers, the 1716:. The rural population of the aforementioned areas began to emigrate to the large industrial centers of the north-west, especially in the so-called "industrial triangle, or the area corresponding to the three-sided polygon with vertices in the cities of Turin, Milan and 2454:

Numerous web-based news portals and forum sites are dedicated to specific diaspora communities, often organized on the basis of an origin characteristic and a current location characteristic. The location-based networking features of mobile applications such as China's

6076:[Javan newspaper: In 2022, nearly 3.3% of Iranian people emigrated / 30,000 medical staff have applied for 'not having a bad history' and their destination was Oman / 37% of the top ranks of entrance examinations and Olympiads will emigrate from the country]. 1736:

The twentieth century saw huge population movements. Some involved large-scale transfers of people by government action. Some migrations occurred to avoid conflict and warfare. Other diasporas formed as a consequence of political developments, such as the end of

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estimates that 240,000 people left Europe for the Americas in the 16th century. Emigration continued. In the 19th century alone over 50 million Europeans migrated to North and South America. Other Europeans moved to Siberia, Africa, and Australasia. The properly

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Weheliye, Alexander G. "My Volk to Come: Peoplehood in Recent Diaspora Discourse and Afro-German Popular Music." Black Europe and the African Diaspora. Ed. Darlene Clark. Hine, Trica Danielle. Keaton, and Stephen Small. Urbana: University of Illinois, 2009.

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starting in the late 16th century CE and continuing into the 19th. Outside of the Atlantic slave trade, however, African diasporic communities have existed for millennia. While some communities were slave-based, other groups emigrated for various reasons.

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argues that the media have used the term corporate diaspora in a rather arbitrary and inaccurate fashion, for example as applied to "mid-level, mid-career executives who have been forced to find new places at a time of corporate upheaval" (10) The use of

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dates the first recorded use a century later to 1694, in a work on ordination by the Welsh theologian James Owen. Owen wanted to prove that there is no difference in the Bible between Presbyters and Bishops; he cited the example of the Jews in exile:

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resulted in the migration of millions of people between India, Pakistan, and present-day Bangladesh. Many were murdered in the religious violence of the period, with estimates of fatalities up to 2 million people. Thousands of former subjects of the

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has "re-conceptualized to describe both the policies that states follow in order to build links with their diaspora abroad and the policies designed to help with the incorporation and integration of diasporic communities when they 'return' home".

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definitions were influenced by the idea of the Jewish diaspora. Safran also included a criterion of having been forced into exile by political or economic factors, followed by a long period of settlement in the new host culture. In 1997,

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of their existence". It has even been noted that as charismatic Christianity becomes increasingly globalized, many Christians conceive of themselves as a diaspora, and form a bond that mimics salient features of some ethnic diasporas.

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Many today believe that the audience of the First Epistle of Peter to which Owen refers was in fact Christians of non-Jewish origin, but the consensus in Owen's time was that the letter was directed to ethnic Jews. See for example

33: 1518:. The new migration of capital created millions of unskilled jobs around the world and was responsible for the simultaneous mass migration of Italians searching for "work and bread". The second diaspora started after the end of 2511: 1428:

through Anatolia, Australia, the Balkans, the Levant, North America, and West Europe, leaving less than 10% of their population in the homeland – parts of historical Circassia (in the modern-day Russian portion of the

6074:"روزنامه جوان: در سال ۲۰۲۲ نزدیک به ۳/۳ درصد مردم ایران مهاجرت کردند / ۳۰ هزار کادر درمان درخواست "نداشتن سوءپیشینه" داشته‌اند که مقصدشان عمان بوده‌ است / ۳۷ درصد از رتبه‌های برتر کنکور و المپیاد‌ها از کشور مهاجرت می‌کنند" 819:) to aid and defend Christians under religious persecution. During these campaigns, several groups of soldiers chose not to return to Aksum. These groups are estimated to have ranged in size from the 600s to mid 3000s. 715:

Professional communities of individuals no longer in their homeland can also be considered diaspora. For example, science diasporas are communities of scientists who conduct their research away from their homeland and

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2005. In response to a statewide exodus of talent, the State of Michigan continues to host "MichAGAIN" career-recruiting events in places throughout the United States with significant Michigan-diaspora populations.

412:(TLG), which draws upon almost the entire written corpus in the Greek language . . . none refer to colonisation." Dufoix surmises that the confusion may stem from a comment by Jewish historian 2445:

states that the diaspora in Venezuela has been caused by the "deterioration of both the economy and the social fabric, rampant crime, uncertainty and lack of hope for a change in leadership in the near future".

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This scattering abrode of the Iewes, as it were an heauenly sowing, fell out after their returne from the captiuitie of Babylon. Wherevpon both Acts. 2. and also 1. Pet. 1. and 1. Iam. ver. 1. they are called

1510:, did not easily convince farmers to stay on the land and to work the soil. Another factor was related to the overpopulation of Southern Italy as a result of the improvements in socioeconomic conditions after 513:

in 70 AD. It subsequently came to be used in reference to the historical movements and settlement patterns of the Jews. In English, capitalized, and without modifiers, the term can refer specifically to the

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and concluded roughly in the 1970s. Between 1880 and 1980, about 15,000,000 Italians left the country permanently. By 1980, it was estimated that about 25,000,000 Italians were residing outside Italy.

1916:) leaving the areas in the aftermath of the conflict. Hundreds or perhaps tens of thousands of local ethnic Italians (Istrian Italians and Dalmatian Italians) were killed or summarily executed during 2465:

online diaspora communities when used outside of their home markets. Now, large companies from the emerging countries are looking at leveraging diaspora communities to enter the more mature market.

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dispersed millions of Africans to Asia and the islands of the Indian Ocean. The Islamic slave trade also has resulted in the creation of communities of African descent in India, most notably the

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and Bhutan. A backlash developed in the 1980s as Bhutan's political elites realized that Bhutanese Buddhists were at risk of becoming a minority in their own country. At least 60,000 ethnic

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constituted a Greek diaspora in the ancient Roman Empire." "Magna Graecia" refers to ancient Greek colonies established along the Italian coast, which lost their independence following the

2204:, a new series of diasporas was formed after the end of colonial rule. In some cases, as countries became independent, numerous minority descendants of Europeans emigrated; others stayed. 1110:

from Bhutan have been resettled in the United States. A second wave was driven by British recruitment of mercenary soldiers beginning around 1815 and resettlement after retirement in the

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About 100,000 of an estimated Cham population of 250,000, at the time of the revolution in 1975, had perished by the time the Khmer Rouge regime was overthrown by Vietnam in January 1979

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and making it one of the most long-standing and widespread in the world. The Romans also established numerous colonies and settlements outside of Rome and throughout the Roman empire.

1819:, most of them were the descendants of immigrants who had settled in those areas centuries ago. This expulsion was allegedly carried out in reaction to Nazi Germany's invasions and 1781:. Some Jews fled from the persecution and moved to the unoccupied parts of Western Europe or they moved to the Americas before the borders of the Americas were closed. Later, other 1232:

relocations, which included several phases, are just one set of many in history. The first phase Migration-Period displacement (between 300 and 500 AD) included relocation of the

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expelled or forced to flee from the newly forming Israel. Many Palestinians continue to live in refugee camps in the Middle East, while others have resettled in other countries.

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the Atlantic provinces were driven out-of-province to find work elsewhere in the country, especially in the Alberta oil sands during the oil boom of the mid-2000s. This systemic

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attempts to annex Eastern European territory. Most of the refugees moved to the West, including western Europe, and with tens of thousands seeking refuge in the United States.

5873: – "2. Refugees who have left a country by sea, esp. the Vietnamese people who fled in small boats and moved to Hong Kong, Australia, and elsewhere after the conquest of 4675:

Se estima que en la actualidad, el 90% de la población argentina tiene alguna ascendencia europea y que al menos 25 millones están relacionados con algún inmigrante de Italia.

5935: 5132: 4518: 2396:, nearly 3 million Iraqis had been displaced as of 2011, with 1.3 million within Iraq and 1.6 million in neighboring countries, mainly Jordan and Syria. The 3204: 847: 271: 1555:

origin, such as a shared hometown or province, and recruiters and foremen commonly select entire work-crews from the same village. In two separate June 2011 incidents,

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that the Hungarian Magyars left 12 centuries ago; and the English descendants of the Angles, Saxons and Jutes do not yearn to reoccupy the plains of Northwest Germany.

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can be identified. The earliest wave dates back to hundreds of years as early marriage and high birthrates propelled Hindu settlement eastward across Nepal, then into

1812: 4932: 803:) created colonies on the Arabian Peninsula. During the 4th century, Aksum formally adopted Christianity as a state religion, becoming the first to do so along with 4689:

Pozzetta, George E., Bruno Ramirez, and Robert F. Harney. The Italian Diaspora: Migration across the Globe. Toronto: Multicultural History Society of Ontario, 1992.

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Previously, migrant Africans with national African passports could only enter thirteen African countries without advanced visas. In pursuing a unified future, the

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Biblical Peoples and Ethnicity. An Archaeological Study of Egyptians, Canaanites, Philistines and Early Israel 1300–1100 B.C.E. (Archaeology and Biblical Studies)

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in an article published in 1991, set out six rules to distinguish diasporas from migrant communities. These included criteria that the group maintains a myth or

4289: 2092:, long residing in Cambodia, were nearly eradicated. The mass exodus of Vietnamese people from Vietnam from 1975 onwards led to the popularisation of the term " 6012:

challenges, South Korea has begun to engage the seven million Koreans living abroad, transforming the diaspora into a positive force for long-term development.

5180: 4077: 1081:(Chinese: 苦力, literally "hard labor"), who migrated to developing countries in need of labor, such as the Americas, Australia, South Africa, Southeast Asia, 6025: 2642: 2858: 7349: 1514:. That created a demographic boom and forced the new generations to emigrate en masse in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, mostly to the 906: 128: 3339: 2298:

due to a protracted socioeconomic crisis, forming large communities in South Africa, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, and smaller communities in

1436: 5305: 1073:) first occurred thousands of years ago. The mass emigration that occurred from the 19th century to 1949 was caused mainly by wars and starvation in 1877: 1809: 1539: 6197: 2662: 2583: 2506: 2179:

by the former Soviet Union, resulting in the creation of the second-largest refugee population in the world as of 2018 (2.6 million in 2018).

1221:. Subsequent waves of colonization and migration during the Middle Ages added to the older settlements or created new ones, thus replenishing the 1036: 5767:

Oh, Chong Jin (2006). "Diaspora nationalism: The case of ethnic Korea minority in Kazakhstan and its lessons from the Crimean Tatars in Turkey".

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emigrated to France and later millions of other Vietnamese people migrated to the United States, Australia and Canada after the Cold War-related

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to move freely between these countries under this visa free passport and encourage migrants with national African passports to return to Africa.

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A Plea for Scripture Ordination; or, Ten Arguments from Scripture and Antiquity, proving Ordination by Presbyters, without Bishops, to be valid

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Wwirtz, James J. (March 2008). "Things Fall Apart: Containing the Spillover from an Iraqi Civil Warby Daniel L. Byman and Kenneth M. Pollack".

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is one of the most notorious modern diasporas. 10.7 million people from West Africa survived transportation to arrive in the Americas as

6225:"Territorial bounds to virtual space: transnational online and offline networks of Iranian and Turkish–Kurdish immigrants in the Netherlands" 3229: 3066: 2761: 1559:

migrant workers organized violent protests against alleged police misconduct and migrant-labor abuse near the southern manufacturing hub of

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Encyclopedia of Diasporas: Immigrant and Refugee Cultures Around the World. Volume I: Overviews and Topics; Volume II: Diaspora Communities

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connotations associated with the social science term help to view the movement of the Scandinavian peoples in the Viking Age in a new way.

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during the Francoist exile), later to Europe (France, Switzerland) and finally within Spain (to Madrid, Catalonia or the Basque Country).

4593: 6810: 6117: 4903: 2613: 1661: 1600: 6317: 5984: 5917: 1077:, as well as political corruption. Most migrants were illiterate or poorly educated peasants, called by the now-recognized racial slur 4867: 3963: 2637: 2516: 2501: 831: 3462: 6776: 6689: 6536: 6503: 6460: 6438: 5967: 5891: 5822: 5744: 5695: 5571: 5517: 5483: 5456: 5416: 5361: 5105: 4754: 4662: 4636: 4476: 4423: 4130: 3898: 3316: 3258: 3151: 3091: 2939: 2709: 1630: 1055:

of today, roughly numbering 15 million of which 8 million still live in the diaspora, though the number was much higher before

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evolved from the Assyrian two-way mass deportation policy of conquered populations to deny future territorial claims on their part.

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with many small towns and cities and almost no modern industry in which land management practices, especially in the South and the

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wrote, are requir'd ποιμαίνειν ϗ̀ ἐπισκοπείν, to feed or rule the Flock, and to perform the office and work of Bishops among them.

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Podcast playlist of a seminar series held in 2015 at the University of Edinburgh, School of Literatures, Languages, and Cultures

4958: 4096: 1684:, who began to move in large numbers. Other areas of northern Italy were also affected by emigration such as the rural areas of 1603:

has occurred for a number of different factors over the course of Canadian history. An example is the migration of workers from

6762: 2754: 2599: 2432: 2211: 4015: 6583: 6100:"رضادوست: میزبان پنج میلیون میهمان افغانستانی از طیف‌‌های مختلف هستیم- اخبار افغانستان - اخبار بین الملل تسنیم | Tasnim" 5589:"The Effects of the Dissolution of Yugoslavia on Minority Rights: the Italian Minority in Post-Yugoslav Slovenia and Croatia" 5544: 4396: 4157: 2116: 1530:

In the United States of America, approximately 4.3 million people moved outside their home states in 2010, according to

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There is confusion over the exact process of derivation from these Ancient Greek verbs to the concept of diaspora. Many cite

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moved first to the American colonies during the XVII-XX (mainly but not only Mexico, Cuba, Argentine and Venezuela, as many

1124: 116:. The word is used in reference to people who identify with a specific geographic location, but currently reside elsewhere. 1538:

referenced the formation of distinct "Detroit diaspora" communities in Seattle and in Washington, DC, while layoffs in the

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in significant numbers from other particular countries or regions also being referred to as a diaspora. An academic field,

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Between 4 and 6 million have emigrated from Zimbabwe beginning in the 1990s especially since 2000, greatly increasing the

2120: 1300:, and other tribes on the move, resettling in Eastern Europe and gradually leaving it predominantly Slavic, and affecting 5010: 3082:

Gaunt, David; Atto, Naures; Barthoma, Soner O. (2019). "Introduction: Contextualizing the Sayfo in the First World War".

1845: 5235: 3649: 3584: 2735: 2386: 2364: 2176: 1948: 1397: 1364: 862: 3519: 1974: 1184:, and the Black Sea coasts. Greeks founded more than 400 colonies. Tyre and Carthage also colonised the Mediterranean. 6149: 5957: 4919:

About 100 people have made the move so far, and 6,000 more Michiganians have posted résumés on Wyoming's jobs website.

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Let Them Not Return: Sayfo – The Genocide Against the Assyrian, Syriac, and Chaldean Christians in the Ottoman Empire

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Demir, Sara (2017). "The atrocities against the Assyrians in 1915: A legal perspective". In Travis, Hannibal (ed.).

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in 1983, more than 800,000 Tamils have been displaced within Sri Lanka as a local diaspora, and over a half-million

673: 3514: 3274: 345: 1676:, which was involved in the birth of many industrial activities, migratory phenomena affected the peasants of the 842: 371:(5th century BC) as the first to use the word. However, sociologist Stéphane Dufoix remarks "not only is the noun 8064: 7200: 5855: 2783: 2778: 2428: 2410: 2001: 1608: 1209:, characterized by a new wave of Greek colonization in Asia and Africa, with Greek ruling classes established in 20: 5037:"Dependence on Interprovincial Migrant Labour in Atlantic Canadian Communities: The Role of the Alberta Economy" 737:

In contemporary times, scholars have classified the different kinds of diasporas based on their causes, such as

7936: 7687: 5642: 5070:"From Coal Pits to Tar Sands: Labour Migration Between an Atlantic Canadian Region and the Athabasca Oil Sands" 4042: 1838: 1725: 1669: 1531: 40:

has the world's largest annual out-migration. Pictured at Ricoh Coliseum, in Toronto, Canada, on April 15, 2015

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argued that a diasporic group could leave its homeland voluntarily, and assimilate deeply into host cultures.

6803: 2044:-era, huge populations of refugees migrated from countries which experienced conflicts, especially from then- 1789:

regimes established as World War II ended. Hundreds of thousands of these anti-Soviet political refugees and

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flourished in Italy, especially in the South, and property became subdivided over generations. Especially in

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UN Alliance of Civilizations online community on Good Practices of Integration of Migrants across the World

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in which corporations orchestrate the transnational circulation of people, images, ideologies and capital.

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McDonald, J. S. (October 1958). "Some Socio-economic Emigration Differentials in Rural Italy, 1902–1913".

3205:"English Refugees in the Byzantine Armed Forces: The Varangian Guard and Anglo-Saxon Ethnic Consciousness" 2981: 2766: 2526: 2441: 1468: 1414: 827: 357: 275: 204: 176: 140: 49: 4197: 3391:"Contesting National Identities in an Ethnically Homogeneous State: The Case of Armenian Democratization" 2813: 721: 7178: 6952: 2730: 2420: 2194: 2153: 2112: 726: 7897: 6118:"روزنامه اصولگرا: ۱۰میلیون مهاجر در کشور هستند که نان دولتی می خورند/ مصرف آنها بیش از مردم خودمان است" 1375:

arrived in the Americas, after which European exploration and colonization rapidly expanded. Historian

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Transnational diaspora options: How developing countries could benefit from their emigrant populations

4548: 1187: 481:, translated to mean 'The Lord doth build up Jerusalem: he gathereth together the outcasts of Israel'. 7884: 7462: 7354: 7327: 7281: 7254: 7239: 7188: 7077: 7057: 6848: 6474: 5261: 5210: 2157: 2045: 1511: 1372: 1360: 1028: 962: 910: 765: 700: 216: 6247: 4440: 7976: 7966: 7879: 7759: 7700: 7563: 7467: 7291: 7102: 7092: 6936: 6782: 5669: 2657: 2622: 2578: 2295: 2281: 1989: 1952: 1913: 1635: 1464: 1460: 1425: 1309: 1198: 1013: 982: 970: 958: 918: 212: 196: 184: 3371:

The Great Game of Genocide: Imperialism, Nationalism, and the Destruction of the Ottoman Armenians

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went to the UK from the Indian subcontinent after India and Pakistan became independent in 1947.

1985: 1921: 1861: 1650: 1543: 1507: 1440: 1218: 1206: 1191: 1088: 1066: 1032: 942: 677: 582:

work (as it is termed) of evangelizing among the National Protestant Churches on the continent".

236: 188: 6171: 3006: 6832: 3107: 2004:. Millions of Chinese fled to western provinces not occupied by Japan (that is, in particular, 8033: 7997: 7992: 7956: 7913: 7871: 7711: 7705: 7645: 7503: 7477: 7457: 7436: 7397: 7392: 7344: 7322: 7259: 7249: 7244: 7183: 7133: 7128: 7023: 6967: 6957: 6926: 6921: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6685: 6532: 6499: 6475:

The Microfoundations of Diaspora Politics: Unpacking the State and Disaggregating the Diaspora

6456: 6434: 5963: 5818: 5740: 5701: 5691: 5567: 5561: 5540: 5534: 5513: 5507: 5479: 5473: 5452: 5412: 5357: 4750: 4719: 4632: 4613: 4472: 4419: 4359: 4163: 4153: 4126: 3894: 3425: 3312: 3308: 3254: 3225: 3157: 3147: 3141: 3087: 3062: 2935: 2749: 2719: 2714: 2553: 2531: 2496: 2424: 2299: 2248: 2218: 2149: 2069: 1762: 1556: 1456: 1393: 1210: 1202: 1141: 1136: 946: 922: 914: 902: 812: 789: 738: 696: 633: 618: 260: 256: 232: 228: 224: 180: 6677: 5868: 5351: 5174:"Una indagine CATI per lo studio della mobilità interna in Italia in un'ottica longitudinale" 3735: 3724: 2929: 8038: 7961: 7951: 7807: 7764: 7749: 7730: 7724: 7719: 7664: 7629: 7614: 7604: 7573: 7542: 7493: 7472: 7421: 7416: 7407: 7378: 7359: 7312: 7266: 7229: 7163: 7153: 7148: 7138: 7047: 7018: 6962: 6827: 6652: 6612: 6387: 6239: 5804: 5776: 5444: 5077: 5048: 4875: 4711: 4349: 4339: 3886: 3417: 2740: 2704: 2684: 2563: 2558: 2397: 2288: 2237: 2136: 2127: 2029: 1959: 1857: 1830: 1790: 1665: 1535: 1474: 1381: 1356: 1333: 1229: 1070: 994: 990: 978: 966: 954: 796: 777: 759: 742: 717: 606: 590: 502: 498: 497:

between 740 and 722 BC, as well as Jews, Benjaminites, and Levites who were exiled from the

490: 425: 279: 248: 244: 200: 156: 124: 67: 6678:"Instrumentalising diasporas for development: International and European policy discourses" 3778: 1459:

includes large populations of Highlanders moving to the United States and Canada after the

8017: 7852: 7839: 7833: 7774: 7537: 7532: 7508: 7364: 7337: 7332: 7271: 7207: 7173: 7158: 7118: 7082: 7072: 7028: 6879: 6766: 6368: 6030: 3524: 2899: 2771: 2647: 2284:, Salvadorans, Guatemalans, and Hondurans have fled conflict and poor economic conditions. 2277: 2183: 2172: 2108: 1965:

Prior to World War II and the re-establishment of Israel in 1948, a series of anti-Jewish

1929: 1873: 1673: 1604: 1575: 1478: 1253: 1214: 1181: 1145: 1115:

estimates of the number of Nepalese living outside Nepal range well up into the millions.

1107: 1099: 1082: 1024: 998: 986: 974: 938: 930: 926: 894: 731: 644: 539: 515: 252: 160: 148: 120: 37: 6521:

Studies in Historical Geography and Biblical Historiography: Presented to Zekharyah Ḳalai

274:

is the world's largest diaspora, with a population of 17.5 million, followed by the

3031: 2808:

Dubnow's comment is referenced, for example, in an article by the editor of the journal

7828: 7820: 7813: 7754: 7695: 7498: 7426: 7317: 7195: 6997: 6600: 6584:

Impact of ethnic diasporas on the adoption of normative legal acts in the United States

6516: 6470: 5849: 5432: 3421: 3365: 3247: 2925: 2689: 2674: 2568: 2546: 2483: 2479: 2416: 2270: 2165: 2104: 2065: 1816: 1805: 1782: 1681: 1641: 1621: 1586: 1499: 1430: 1404: 1293: 1289: 1265: 1222: 1173: 1149: 1074: 1044: 950: 888: 746: 629: 535: 531: 267: 172: 164: 144: 113: 5439:(2011). "Genocide and ethnic cleansing". In Bloxham, Donald; Gerwarth, Robert (eds.). 3679: 3219: 2327: 585:

The term became more widely assimilated into English by the mid 1950s, with long-term

8053: 7857: 7847: 7514: 7307: 7286: 7168: 7143: 6759: 6664: 6624: 6547:

The Jewish Timeline Encyclopedia: A Year-by-year History from Creation to the Present

6512: 6243: 6198:"La emigración venezolana a diferencia de otras 'se va con un diploma bajo el brazo'" 5878: 5874: 5788: 5436: 4731: 4354: 4327: 3751: 3510: 3301: 2894: 2679: 2588: 2233: 1820: 1766: 1758: 1503: 1495: 1297: 1177: 1161: 1111: 1048: 1009: 898: 866: 823: 808: 785: 681: 421: 353: 291: 192: 6563:

Searching for Place: Ukrainian Displaced Persons, Canada and the Migration of Memory

6399: 6050: 4493: 1664:

in 1943, and the end of World War II in 1945, a large internal migratory flow began

7547: 7441: 6732: 4983: 4409: 4019: 3390: 3176: 2921: 2699: 2669: 2573: 2057: 2053: 1978: 1917: 1909: 1889: 1885: 1849: 1826: 1797: 1786: 1754: 1750: 1519: 1482: 1384:

were mainly from several parts of Spain, but not only the impoverished ones (i.e.,

1376: 1052: 934: 510: 413: 152: 4220: 3989: 2955: 2168:

to destinations such as India, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the UK, and Europe.

2056:, some of which were related to power struggles between the United States and the 375:

quite absent from the Greek original , but the original does not include the verb

5812: 5734: 5448: 4466: 4413: 4392: 4379: 3707: 1793:

ended up in western Europe, Australia, Canada, and the United States of America.

7619: 7431: 6448: 6391: 5808: 3878: 2474: 2093: 2089: 2081: 2073: 2049: 2021: 1994: 1738: 1646: 1625: 1574:

has its origins in internal migration – voluntary or otherwise – from

1421: 1341: 1257: 1169: 1017: 688: 638: 586: 506: 439: 208: 52:

is the world's second-largest diaspora; pictured is Mexican day celebrations in

3221:

The coolie speaks : Chinese indentured laborers and African slaves in Cuba

1489:. Poverty was the main reason for emigration, specifically the lack of land as 7779: 6357:

with Ashok Swain. International Journal on World Peace 25 (3), September 2008.

5780: 5705: 5378: 2632: 2606: 2378: 2025: 1970: 1944: 1770: 1672:

between the 1950s and 1960s. Given that this economic growth mostly concerned

1237: 1092: 874: 692: 454:, translated to mean 'thou shalt be a dispersion in all kingdoms of the earth' 432: 368: 109: 4723: 4167: 3429: 3161: 3032:"Babylonian Captivity | Definition, History, & Significance | Britannica" 7789: 7769: 7599: 6298: 4246:"African Union Passport Launched during Opening of 27th AU Summit in Kigali" 2266: 2241: 1905: 1801: 1677: 1581: 1560: 1491: 1321: 1241: 1165: 1060: 870: 622: 27: 5959:

Zimbabwe's New Diaspora: Displacement and the Cultural Politics of Survival

5685: 5306:"L'esodo giuliano-dalmata e quegli italiani in fuga che nacquero due volte" 4933:"MichAgain program aims to return talented people, investments to Michigan" 4363: 420:. His entry, published in 1931, includes the following remark: "In a sense 396:, translated to mean 'Those of the Aeginetans who did not settle here were 383:(seed) conjugated in the passive aorist." The passage in Thucydides reads: 6656: 6616: 6299:"The Globe: Diaspora Marketing, Nirmalya Kumar and Jan-Benedict Steenkamp" 5687:

Social Justice and Israel/Palestine: Foundational and Contemporary Debates

5082: 4344: 3890: 2512:

List of sovereign states and dependent territories by immigrant population

1119:

decimated the Lao capital, capturing, torturing, and killing the Lao king

601: 578:

The OED records a usage of "diaspora" in 1876, which refers to "extensive

7784: 5595: 4376: 4079:

Issue Brief: The Politics of Diaspora Management in the Republic of Korea

3181: 2393: 2060:, produced new refugee populations that developed into global diasporas. 2041: 1940: 1901: 1893: 1865: 1853: 1774: 1668:. This internal emigration was sustained and constantly increased by the 1654: 1515: 1305: 1301: 1281: 1261: 1157: 1120: 800: 653: 7002: 6073: 5053: 5036: 4826: 112:

that is scattered across regions which are separate from its geographic

44: 7033: 6603:(1991). "Diasporas in Modern Societies: Myths of Homeland and Return". 5035:

Lionais, Doug; Murray, Christinas; Donatelli, Chloe (19 January 2020).

4609: 4097:"Annual number of slaves brought from Africa to the Americas 1501–1866" 2132: 2085: 2080:

from Cambodia were displaced after they were expelled by the 1975–1979

2013: 2005: 1936: 1713: 1689: 1612: 1567: 1502:, conditions were harsh. Until the 1860s to 1950s, most of Italy was a 1385: 1350: 1337: 1329: 1325: 1317: 1245: 1153: 1078: 769: 494: 361: 240: 53: 6572:. International Journal of Multicultural Societies 8 (1), pp. 1–3 4085:. Republic of Korea: The ASAN Institute for Policy Studies. p. 1. 1392:), and the destination varied also along the time. As an example, the 7368: 6735:(2012). University Bielefeld – Center for InterAmerican Studies. 6355:

Diasporas as Peacemakers: Third Party Mediation in Homeland Conflicts

4221:"Africa: Era of the African Passport – A Mixed Bag of Opportunities?" 4147: 2456: 2382: 2258:

A million Colombian refugees have left Colombia since 1965 to escape

2207: 2201: 2161: 2144: 2009: 1966: 1881: 1869: 1701: 1685: 1444: 1269: 1249: 1103: 1056: 851: 720:

are communities of merchant aliens. In an article published in 1996,

614: 610: 530:

The oldest known use of the word "diaspora" in English is in 1594 in

475: 468:οἰκοδομῶν Ἰερουσαλὴμ ὁ Kύριος καὶ τὰς διασπορὰς τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἐπισυνάξει 462: 136: 6710: 1012:, numbering roughly 12 million in Europe trace their origins to the 6549:, (new updated edition), Northvalem New Jersey: Jason Aronson, 1992 5536:

History in Exile: Memory and Identity at the Borders of the Balkans

4715: 3487:

With $ 78 billion, India still highest overseas remittance receiver

7594: 6783:

Diasporic Trajectories: Transnational Cultures in the 21st Century

6274:"How WeChat and Zalo Shine a Light on the Asian American Diaspora" 4272:"At 17.5 million, Indian diaspora largest in the world: UN report" 4149:

The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times

3585:"Thucydides, The Peloponnesian War, book 2, chapter 27, section 2" 2694: 2536: 2372: 2226: 2140: 2126: 2017: 1958:

Spain sent many political activists into exile during the rule of

1928:

during the first years of the exodus, in what became known as the

1897: 1825: 1778: 1717: 1709: 1697: 1693: 1640: 1580: 1435: 1389: 1355: 1285: 1277: 1273: 1233: 1186: 1040: 861: 841: 816: 781: 672: 600: 344: 132: 43: 6709:, Foreign Policy Club, Pristina (2012), abstract and free access 4774:. "Global Disaporas" series. New York: Routledge. pp. 58–80. 3224:. Internet Archive. Philadelphia : Temple University Press. 2251:

formed around the start of the 21st century. More than 1 million

1160:

spread people of Greek culture, religion and language around the

171:

who left their homelands during the 19th and 20th centuries; the

4813:

King, Russell (1 January 1978). "Report: The Italian Diaspora".

2222: 1925: 1834: 1721: 1705: 1534:

tax-exemption data. In a 2011 TEDx presentation, Detroit native

1313: 1005: 168: 6792: 5665:"What exhuming Francisco Franco's remains could mean for Spain" 5329:"La Repubblica italiana | Treccani, il portale del sapere" 4747:

L'emigrazione italiana dall' Unità alla Seconda Guerra Mondiale

4629:

Economic Growth and the Ending of the Transatlantic Slave Trade

4245: 2000:

From the late 19th century, and formally from 1910, Japan made

1095:

living abroad mostly in middle east, North America and Europe.

5814:

The Specter of Genocide: Mass Murder in Historical Perspective

5803:

Kissi, Edward (2003). "Genocide in Cambodia and Ethiopia". In

5408:

Collective Identities and Post-war Violence in Europe, 1944–48

2322: 1481:. The first diaspora began around 1880, two decades after the 830:

in July 2016, allowing people with a passport from one of the

431:

The first recorded use of the word "diaspora" is found in the

306:), "I scatter", "I spread about" which in turn is composed of 88: 6682:

Diaspora and Transnationalism: Concepts, Theories and Methods

6591:

Global Indian Diasporas: trajectories of migration and theory

3503: 2152:

have historically migrated to find work, notably, during the

1785:

refugees moved west, away from Soviet expansion and from the

1485:, and ended in the 1920s to the early 1940s with the rise of 593:, has become established relating to this sense of the word. 472: 466: 449: 443: 387: 337: 331: 325: 319: 313: 307: 301: 295: 6788: 6575:

Mahroum, Sami; Eldridge, Cynthia; Daar, Abdallah S. (2006).

5684:

Aaron J., Hahn Tapper; Sucharov, Mira, eds. (24 June 2019).

5137:

dives into the lonely life of labour in Alberta's oil sands"

669:

illustrate but defined the word with reference to that case.

251:, which grew from half a million to 3.8 million between the 16:

Widely scattered population from a single original territory

6570:

Transnational Knowledge Through Diaspora Networks-Editorial

6527:

Jayasuriya, Shihan De S.; Pankhurst, Richard, eds. (2003).

6485:

Dubnow, Simon (1931). "Diaspora". In Johnson, Alvin (ed.).

6348:

Negotiating Diaspora: Jewish Strategies in the Roman Empire

6026:"Will Iraq's 1.3 million refugees ever be able to go home?" 5258:"An International Conference on the Baltic Archives Abroad" 4121:

Jayasuriya, Shihan De S.; Pankhurst, Richard, eds. (2003).

3299:

Broughton, Simon; Ellingham, Mark; Trillo, Richard (1999).

2020:

in the Northwest) and to Southeast Asia. More than 100,000

1451:. About 60% of Argentina's population has Italian ancestry. 1016:, and their presence in Europe is first attested to in the 91: 73: 6707:

Beyond Remittances: Public Diplomacy and Kosovo's Diaspora

4468:

The Chinese diaspora: space, place, mobility, and identity

2032:(and later into the Soviet Union) away from the Japanese. 1720:. Even some cities in central and southern Italy (such as 6579:. International Journal on Multicultural Societies, 2006. 1973:

and caused many to flee, mostly to Palestine/Israel. The

1407:, beginning in the mid-19th century and brought about by 1039:, expulsion, and enslavement of the Jewish population of 795:

Beginning as early as the 2nd century AD, the kingdom of

79: 6045:(UNHCR), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. 5739:. London and New York: Taylor & Francis. p. 5. 5405:

Konrád, Ota; Barth, Boris; Mrňka, Jaromír, eds. (2021).

4415:

The Story of the Jews: Finding the Words 1000 BC–1492 AD

2482:, was the first mainstream American film to feature the 1035:, the majority of the diaspora can be attributed to the 1004:

different regions, languages, cultures, and faiths (see

6318:"Gran Torino connects Hmong Minnesotans with Hollywood" 4185:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. ix–8. 3825: 3823: 3463:"Migration and Brain Drain from Iran | Iranian Studies" 2339: 2229:) turned deadly and produced a mass efflux of refugees. 5892:"Refugee population by country or territory of origin" 4574:

Adrams, L. "Diaspora and Identity in the Viking Age",

3885:. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 6. 3709:

A Fruitfull Commentarie Vpon the Twelue Small Prophets

3340:"No way home: The tragedy of the Palestinian diaspora" 3059:

The Assyrian Genocide: Cultural and Political Legacies

2986:

Keywords for American Cultural Studies, Second Edition

2269:

and Uruguay refugees fled to Europe during periods of

2036:

The Cold War and the formation of post-colonial states

1962:'s military regime from 1936 until his death in 1975. 6489:. Vol. 5. New York: Macmillan. pp. 126–130. 5985:"Engaging the diaspora in an era of transnationalism" 5236:"L'emigrazione interna italiana negli anni '50 e '60" 5205: 5203: 5201: 4749:(in Italian) (2nd ed.). Il Mulino. 1st chapter. 4326:

Kalaydjieva, Luba; Gresham, D.; Calafell, F. (2001).

3177:"İstanbul'da GÜRCÜ Cemaati ve Katolik Gürcü kilisesi" 2833:"Infographic: India Has the World's Biggest Diaspora" 416:, who wrote an entry on diaspora for the influential 100: 82: 4789:. Toronto: Multicultural History Society of Ontorio. 3146:(revised ed.). London: Routledge. p. 163. 707:

on the move and no longer referring to the specific

85: 70: 8026: 8010: 7985: 7922: 7906: 7893: 7870: 7800: 7742: 7638: 7587: 7556: 7486: 7450: 7406: 7391: 7300: 7222: 7111: 7065: 7056: 7011: 6996: 6976: 6945: 6914: 6888: 6867: 6841: 6826: 6643:(s): Stateless Power in the Transnational Moment". 4661:Departamento de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas de la 485:When the Bible was translated into Greek, the word 76: 5848: 5011:"China tries to restore order after migrant riots" 4685: 4683: 3300: 3246: 2437:Venezuelan Community Abroad: A New Method of Exile 2088:. A small, predominantly Muslim ethnic group, the 1692:. The destinations of these emigrants were mainly 1091:is the third in Asia with approximately 9 million 278:, with a population of 11.8 million, and the 6593:, Amsterdam University Press, 2007 Free download 5936:"Nearly 20 Percent of All Dominicans Live Abroad" 4787:Pane e Lavoro: The Italian American Working Class 4667:"Historias de inmigrantes italianos en Argentina" 4328:"Genetic studies of the Roma (Gypsies): A review" 4311:(2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. p. xxxvii. 1943:in 2002, the Italians who remained in the former 1363:, who opened the way for the widespread European 1023:The earliest known Asian diaspora of note is the 451:esē en diaspora en pasais tais basileiais tēs gēs 445:ἔσῃ ἐν διασπορᾷ ἐν πάσαις ταῖς βασιλείαις τῆς γῆς 404:Dufoix further notes, "Of all the occurrences of 6777:Integration: Building Inclusive Societies (IBIS) 6350:, Continuum International Publishing Group, 2004 5110:by Kate Beaton review – Powerful big oil memoir" 4465:Ma, Laurence J. C.; Cartier, Carolyn L. (2003). 4183:Aksum: An African Civilisation of Late Antiquity 1371:In 1492 a Spanish-financed expedition headed by 1292:. The second phase, between 500 and 900 AD, saw 555:However, the current entry on "diaspora" in the 6633:Kinship and Diasporas in International Politics 6568:Mahroum, Sami & De Guchteneire, P. (2007), 6316:Peterson-de la Cueva, Lisa (24 November 2008). 4309:Historical Dictionary of the Gypsies (Romanies) 3964:"The Economic Impact of the 'Katrina Diaspora'" 3303:World Music: Africa, Europe and the Middle East 1745:World War II, colonialism, and post-colonialism 1148:, the trading and colonising activities of the 666: 660:Brubaker outlined the original use of the term 6740:Diasporas: Concepts, Intersections, Identities 6684:. Amsterdam University Press. pp. 73–89. 6496:The Dispersion: A History of the Word Diaspora 6429:Chaliand, Gérard; Rageau, Jean-Pierre (1995). 6133: 6131: 5441:Political Violence in Twentieth-century Europe 5230: 5228: 4959:"Chinese Migrant Workers Enticed To Stay Home" 3535: 2287:Hundreds of thousands of people fled from the 2214:and took over their businesses and properties. 1634:, which details her experience working in the 1144:contains numerous diaspora-causing events. In 1069:(also known as the Chinese Diaspora; see also 6804: 6072:پایگاه خبری تحلیلی انتخاب (3 December 2022). 2291:in 1994 and moved into neighboring countries. 1763:enslaved or murdered millions of other people 1336:saw the coming of the Hungarian Magyars. The 776:From the 8th through the 19th centuries, the 428:and their integration into the Roman Empire. 8: 6680:. In Bauböck, Rainer; Faist, Thomas (eds.). 4697: 4695: 4294:European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights 4198:"African Union launches all-Africa passport" 687:Some observers have labeled evacuation from 5817:. Cambridge University Press. p. 314. 5539:. Princeton University Press. p. 103. 5475:Genocide: Truth, Memory, and Representation 5443:. Cambridge University Press. p. 125. 2643:History of immigration to the United States 2460: 1408: 318:), "between, through, across" and the verb 7903: 7403: 7062: 7008: 6838: 6811: 6797: 6789: 6223:Van Den Bos, Matthijs; Nell, Liza (2006). 5718:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4594:"The Columbian Mosaic in Colonial America" 4521:. Highered.mcgraw-hill.com. Archived from 1463:; as well as the Lowlanders, becoming the 282:, with a population of 10.7 million. 183:that developed on a large scale after the 139:that fled or were displaced following the 119:Notable diasporic populations include the 6724:Cohen, Robin, and Carolin Fischer (eds.) 6138:Olivares, Francisco (13 September 2014). 5168: 5166: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5158: 5156: 5154: 5081: 5052: 4353: 4343: 2255:live abroad, a majority living in the US. 1057:Zionist immigration to what is now Israel 551:, that is, a scattering or sowing abrode. 505:in 587 BC, and Jews who were exiled from 6529:The African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean 6423:Locating the English Diaspora, 1500–2010 4904:"Wyoming wins over Michigan job seekers" 4704:Economic Development and Cultural Change 4631:. Oxford University Press. p. 139. 4592:Axtell, James (September–October 1991). 4123:The African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean 4063: 3949: 3937: 3925: 3913: 3814: 3637: 3547: 2156:(1796–1948). Since the beginning of the 1585:Pamphlet advertising for immigration to 1059:and the murder of 6 million Jews in the 290:The term "diaspora" is derived from the 32: 6479:Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 6047:"UNHCR Syria Regional Refugee Response" 5509:Ethnic Cleansing and the European Union 5350:Evans, Thammy; Abraham, Rudolf (2013). 4902:Silke Carty, Sharon (5 December 2006). 2980:Edwards, Brent Hayes (8 October 2014). 2824: 2801: 2663:Population transfer in the Soviet Union 2584:History of the Jews during World War II 2507:List of expulsions of African Americans 2244:, over a million people have left Cuba. 2123:identity documents to Tibetan refugees. 1403:A specific 19th-century example is the 1180:"), northern Libya, eastern Spain, the 597:Scholarly work and expanding definition 389:καὶ οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν ἐνταῦθα ᾤκησαν, οἱ δ᾽ 6738:Knott, Kim, and Sean McLoughlin, eds. 6726:Routledge Handbook of Diaspora Studies 6639:Tölölyan, Khachig (1996). "Rethinking 5711: 5478:. Duke University Press. p. 295. 5411:. Springer International. p. 20. 5379:"Election Opens Old Wounds in Trieste" 3865: 3829: 3802: 3625: 3613: 3601: 3571: 3143:Genocide: A Comprehensive Introduction 2628:Forced settlements in the Soviet Union 1900:, and in smaller numbers, towards the 1670:economic growth that Italy experienced 1194:during the Archaic period (750–550 BC) 657:of eight different diasporas covered. 478:kai tas diasporas tou Israēl episynaxē 6455:(2nd ed.). Abingdon: Routledge. 4799:Ben-Ghiat and Hom, "Introduction" to 3853: 3841: 3737:Commentaries on the Catholic Epistles 3559: 2871:from the original on 19 February 2018 2762:World War II evacuation and expulsion 1852:exodus and departure of local ethnic 7: 8011:Diasporas by non-nation-based origin 6565:. University of Toronto Press, 2000. 6557:. New York: Oxford University Press. 6487:Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences 6172:"Hugo Chavez is Scaring Away Talent" 5869:participating institution membership 4957:Kenneth, Rapoza (19 February 2013). 4519:"Early development of Greek society" 4043:"The Potential of Science Diasporas" 3245:Montgomery, David R. (14 May 2007). 2427:emigrated from Venezuela during the 2221:between rival social/ethnic groups ( 2190:which culminated in the fall of the 1759:deported and killed millions of Jews 764:The diaspora of Africans during the 493:which was exiled from Israel by the 418:Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences 6555:Diaspora: A Very Short Introduction 6364:. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell. 5922:Upfront: The Newsmagazine for Teens 5356:. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 11. 5131:Rogers, Shelagh (2 December 2022). 5068:Ferguson, Nelson (1 January 2011). 4866:Gilchrist, Garlin (6 August 2011). 4494:"Bhutan refugees are 'intimidated'" 3443:Kodmani, Bassma (5 December 2018). 3118:from the original on 19 August 2020 2614:Jewish exodus from the Muslim world 2381:from Turkey to the Greek island of 2076:of 1955–1975. Later, 30,000 French 1546:migration from Michigan to Wyoming 6425:(Liverpool University Press, 2012) 6024:Sengupta, Kim (16 December 2011). 5566:. Unwin Hyman. pp. 139, 143. 5472:Ballinger, Pamela (7 April 2009). 4663:Universidad Nacional de La Matanza 4492:Bhaumik, Subir (7 November 2007). 4041:Burns, William (9 December 2013). 3990:"Katrina scatters a grim diaspora" 3445:"The Syrian Diaspora, Old and New" 3422:10.1002/j.1538-165x.2008.tb00621.x 3389:Harutyunyan, Arus (1 April 2009). 3253:. University of California Press. 3249:Dirt: The Erosion of Civilizations 2638:Great Migration (African American) 2517:Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany 2502:List of ethnic cleansing campaigns 2107:emigrated to India, following the 1666:from one Italian region to another 379:either. The verb used is the verb 14: 6747:Diaspora Politics: At Home Abroad 6635:, Michigan University Press, 2007 6453:Global Diasporas: An Introduction 6001:from the original on 21 July 2018 5733:Sikand, Yoginder (31 July 2004). 5377:Markham, James M. (6 June 1987). 5076:. 17 & 18 (Special Section). 3988:Walden, Will (1 September 2005). 3962:Kennedy, Bruce (31 August 2010). 3007:"Diaspora definition and meaning" 2710:Persecution of Muslims in Myanmar 2431:. The analysis of a study by the 1947:amounted to 21,894 people (2,258 1125:lao rebellion in the 19th century 907:Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora 850:is the world's largest diaspora; 129:Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora 7896: 7396: 7001: 6831: 6582:Nesterovych, Volodymyr (2013). " 6244:10.1111/j.1471-0374.2006.00141.x 5563:Refugees in the Age of Total War 5009:Demick, Barbara (13 June 2011). 4840:Bruner, Jon (16 November 2011). 3756:Oxford English Dictionary Online 3696:Galil & Weinfeld, pp. 96–97. 2369:Refugees of the Syrian Civil War 2326: 1424:people, originally from Europe, 558:Oxford English Dictionary Online 489:was applied in reference to the 330:), "I sow, I scatter". The term 66: 7942:Dominicans (Dominican Republic) 6531:. Trenton: Africa World Press. 6469:Délano Alonso, Alexandra & 6140:"Best and brightest for export" 5104:Smart, James (6 October 2022). 4125:. Trenton: Africa World Press. 2755:Persecution of Uyghurs in China 2600:Expulsions and exoduses of Jews 2433:Central University of Venezuela 2302:, New Zealand and Ireland. The 1332:arrived. The last phase of the 1043:, whose descendants became the 6705:Xharra, B. & Wählisch, M. 6481:, Volume 45, Issue 4: 473–491. 6421:Bueltmann, Tanja, et al. eds. 6272:Chester, Ken (7 August 2013). 6204:(in Spanish). 17 December 2014 5286:(in Italian). 10 February 2014 5238:(in Italian). 16 November 2012 5211:"Emigrazione interna italiana" 4627:Eltis, Kingston David (1987). 4441:"2018 World Jewish Population" 4397:Society of Biblical Literature 3175:Kaya, Önder (9 January 2013). 2928:and Ian Skoggard, ed. (2004). 2117:Central Tibetan Administration 1977:likewise saw at least 750,000 1939:in 2001 and that organized in 1192:Greek territories and colonies 609:is the world's third largest; 1: 6772:Open access book on Diasporas 5621:"Državni Zavod za Statistiku" 5308:(in Italian). 5 February 2019 4219:Njoroge, June (3 July 2022). 4196:Monks, Kieron (5 July 2016). 4181:Munro-Hay, Stuart C. (1991). 2542:Great Famine of Mount Lebanon 2419:and the establishment of his 1590: 1547: 1413:or "the Great Hunger" of the 878: 566:The Presbyters of the Jewish 6586:". Viche. 8: pp. 19–23. 6148:(in Spanish). Archived from 6104:خبرگزاری تسنیم | Tasnim 5918:"1959: The Cuban Revolution" 5506:Tesser, Lynn (14 May 2013). 5449:10.1017/CBO9780511793271.004 5179:(in Italian). Archived from 4931:Walsh, Tom (10 April 2011). 4785:Pozzetta, George E. (1980). 4671:infouniversidades.siu.edu.ar 4471:. Rowman & Littlefield. 3650:Assyrian captivity of Israel 3467:iranian-studies.stanford.edu 2736:History of the Romani people 2415:Following the presidency of 2387:2015 European migrant crisis 2365:2015 European migrant crisis 2177:1979 invasion of Afghanistan 1365:colonization of the Americas 1308:as the first Turkic tribes ( 1205:marked the beginning of the 473: 450: 352:depicting the emigration to 221:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 6392:10.1080/0141987042000289997 6360:Braziel, Jana Evans. 2008. 6346:Barclay, John M. G. (ed.), 5983:Song, Changzoo (May 2014). 5736:Muslims in India Since 1947 5260:. Kirmus.ee. Archived from 4018:. Routledge. Archived from 4016:"Listening for Geographies" 3410:Political Science Quarterly 2212:80,000 South Asians in 1972 1628:in her 2022 graphic memoir 1168:basins, establishing Greek 1031:and later migrations under 518:. The wider application of 342:) hence meant "scattering". 8081: 6676:Weinar, Agnieszka (2010). 6431:Penguin Atlas of Diasporas 6353:Baser, B. & Swain, A. 5560:Bramwell, Anna C. (1988). 5533:Ballinger, Pamela (2003). 4868:"From Detroit. To Detroit" 4545:"Hellenistic Civilization" 4146:Shanti, Sadiq Ali (1996). 3536:Chaliand & Rageau 1995 3504: 2450:Diaspora Internet services 2408: 2362: 2040:Both during and after the 1134: 892: 886: 832:55 member states of the AU 757: 467: 465:146(147).2, in the phrase 444: 388: 332: 320: 308: 296: 161:Norman Conquest of England 25: 18: 7350:Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriacs 6494:Dufoix, Stéphane (2017). 6380:Ethnic and Racial Studies 6373:"The 'diaspora' diaspora" 6362:Diaspora: An Introduction 5856:Oxford English Dictionary 5781:10.1080/00905990600617623 5512:. Springer. p. 136. 5133:"Kate Beaton's affecting 4984:"China's migrant workers" 3275:"The Highland Clearances" 2784:Expulsion of the Moriscos 2779:Expulsion of the Acadians 2429:Venezuelan refugee crisis 2411:Venezuelan refugee crisis 2405:Venezuelan refugee crisis 2111:after the failure of his 1609:Newfoundland and Labrador 410:Thesaurus Linguae Graecae 400:over the rest of Hellas.' 255:and 2019, mostly live in 21:Diaspora (disambiguation) 6322:Twin Cities Daily Planet 5962:. Berghahn Books. 2010. 4770:Gabaccia, Donna (2000). 4307:Kenrick, Donald (2007). 4076:Mylonas, Harris (2013). 3680:"Definition of DIASPORA" 3660:Kantor, pp. 53, 105–106. 3307:. Rough Guides. p. 3108:"Fall of Constantinople" 2478:, a 2008 drama starring 2240:and the introduction of 1846:Istrian–Dalmatian exodus 1839:Istrian-Dalmatian exodus 1796:After World War II, the 1615:, driven in part by the 1578:since the 16th century. 1542:also led to substantial 1469:Scotch-Irish in America. 1098:At least three waves of 474:oikodomōn Ierousalēm ho 211:in the aftermath of the 26:Not to be confused with 6303:Harvard Business Review 5861:Oxford University Press 5284:"Il Giorno del Ricordo" 4047:Science & Diplomacy 3783:Encyclopædia Britannica 3520:A Greek–English Lexicon 3376:Oxford University Press 3112:Encyclopædia Britannica 2653:Long Walk of the Navajo 2273:in the 1970s and 1980s. 2260:violence and civil wars 2154:British colonial period 2002:Korea a Japanese colony 1975:1947–1949 Palestine war 856:Little India, Singapore 743:trade/labour migrations 350:Emigrants Leave Ireland 338: 326: 314: 302: 6984:Emigration from Africa 4842:"Migration in America" 4772:Italy's Many Diasporas 4651:Richmond, pp. 172–173. 4439:DellaPergola, Sergio. 4014:McAlister, Elizabeth. 3449:Arab Reform Initiative 2767:Persecution of Yazidis 2527:Late Ottoman genocides 2461: 2423:, over 7 million 2389: 2377:Migrants crossing the 2164:have emigrated as the 2147: 1841: 1753:(1939–1945) unfolded, 1662:fall of Fascist regime 1657: 1624:is explored by author 1596: 1452: 1409: 1368: 1195: 884: 859: 828:African Union Passport 807:. In the 6th century, 684: 671: 626: 576: 553: 402: 364: 141:fall of Constantinople 57: 41: 6657:10.1353/dsp.1996.0000 6617:10.1353/dsp.1991.0004 6553:Kenny, Kevin (2013). 5083:10.25071/1705-1436.35 4990:. Winter 2007/08 (80) 4745:Sori, Ercole (1984). 4576:Early Medieval Europe 4345:10.1186/1471-2350-2-5 3891:10.4324/9780203928943 3538:, p. xiii, n. 1. 3511:Liddell, Henry George 3011:CollinsDictionary.com 2960:Migration Data Portal 2731:Anti-Romani sentiment 2421:Bolivarian Revolution 2376: 2236:, following the 1959 2192:USA/British-ensconced 2130: 2113:1959 Tibetan uprising 2012:in the Southwest and 1829: 1644: 1584: 1473:There were two major 1439: 1359: 1190: 1135:Further information: 865: 845: 758:Further information: 676: 604: 564: 544: 442:28:25, in the phrase 393:κατὰ τὴν ἄλλην Ἑλλάδα 385: 348: 47: 36: 6765:3 March 2016 at the 6760:Livius.org: Diaspora 5769:Nationalities Papers 4665:(14 November 2011). 4616:on 19 November 2009. 4565:, London, Routledge. 4332:BMC Medical Genetics 4278:. 18 September 2019. 2319:Twenty-first century 2158:Sri Lankan Civil War 2046:developing countries 1864:) as well as ethnic 1804:-controlled Poland, 1483:Unification of Italy 1449:Immigrant's Festival 1420:From the 1860s, the 1373:Christopher Columbus 1361:Christopher Columbus 1029:Babylonian Captivity 1027:. With roots in the 963:Palestinian diaspora 911:Azerbaijani diaspora 766:Atlantic slave trade 701:New Orleans diaspora 266:According to a 2019 217:Palestinian diaspora 151:; the emigration of 19:For other uses, see 7743:Southwestern Europe 7639:Southeastern Europe 6053:on 19 February 2018 5946:on 8 December 2012. 5859:(Online ed.). 5670:The Washington Post 5587:Klemenčič, Matjaž. 5437:Dirk Moses, Anthony 5327:Tobagi, Benedetta. 5264:on 13 February 2012 5054:10.3390/soc10010011 4391:Killebrew, Ann E.; 4225:The Exchange Africa 3684:Merriam-Webster.com 3493:, 28 November 2019. 2839:. 12 September 2023 2837:Statista Daily Data 2658:Population transfer 2623:Forced displacement 2579:Persecution of Jews 2296:Zimbabwean diaspora 2186:fled from the 1979 2048:. Upheavals in the 1990:Indian subcontinent 1914:Italian citizenship 1837:in 1947 during the 1636:Athabasca oil sands 1467:in Ireland and the 1461:Highland Clearances 1443:during the opening 1201:'s conquest of the 1199:Alexander the Great 1014:Indian subcontinent 983:Sri Lankan diaspora 971:Philippine diaspora 959:Overseas Vietnamese 919:Indonesian diaspora 213:Circassian genocide 197:Indian subcontinent 7894:Western Hemisphere 6745:Sheffer, Gabriel. 6152:on 19 October 2017 5992:IZA World of Labor 5896:Data.WorldBank.org 5384:The New York Times 4937:Detroit Free Press 4801:Italian Mobilities 4445:JewishDatabank.org 4276:The Economic Times 4152:. Orient Longman. 3491:The Economic Times 3218:Yun, Lisa (2008). 3086:. Berghahn Books. 3036:www.britannica.com 2859:"Population Facts" 2522:Partition of India 2469:In popular culture 2459:have also created 2390: 2338:. You can help by 2188:Iranian Revolution 2175:resulted from the 2148: 2101:Southwestern China 1922:Yugoslav Partisans 1862:Dalmatian Italians 1842: 1658: 1651:Sesto San Giovanni 1601:internal migration 1597: 1526:Internal diasporas 1453: 1441:Italian Argentines 1369: 1207:Hellenistic period 1196: 1131:European diasporas 1089:Pakistani diaspora 1085:and other places. 1067:Chinese emigration 1008:). Similarly, the 943:Kurdish population 885: 860: 727:corporate diaspora 685: 627: 538:commentary on the 491:Kingdom of Samaria 365: 237:Lebanese civil war 189:Lowland Clearances 155:(primarily to the 58: 42: 8047: 8046: 8034:Colonial diaspora 8006: 8005: 7866: 7865: 7387: 7386: 7218: 7217: 7201:Sri Lankan Tamils 6992: 6991: 6731:Gewecke, Frauke. 6672:pp. 161–179. 6561:Luciuk, Lubomyr, 6498:. Leiden: Brill. 6253:on 14 August 2014 5867:(Subscription or 5805:Gellately, Robert 5015:Los Angeles Times 4882:on 1 October 2013 4803:(Routledge, 2016) 4563:A Viking Diaspora 4418:. HarperCollins. 4296:. 11 August 2012. 4252:. Union africaine 3868:, pp. 83–84. 3805:, pp. 83–99. 3706:Daneau, Lambert. 3346:. 22 October 2009 3231:978-1-59213-581-3 3207:. De Re Militari. 3068:978-1-351-98025-8 2750:Xinjiang conflict 2720:Rohingya genocide 2715:Rohingya conflict 2554:Diaspora politics 2537:Assyrian genocide 2532:Armenian genocide 2497:List of diasporas 2356: 2355: 2300:the United States 2249:Jamaican diaspora 2219:Rwandan Civil War 2150:Sri Lankan Tamils 2070:Vietnamese people 2024:moved across the 1969:broke out in the 1813:expelled millions 1791:displaced persons 1732:Twentieth century 1475:Italian diasporas 1457:Scottish Diaspora 1382:Spanish emigrants 1340:expansion out of 1203:Achaemenid Empire 1137:European diaspora 1100:Nepalese diaspora 947:Lebanese diaspora 923:Japanese diaspora 915:Georgian diaspora 903:Armenian diaspora 826:(AU) launched an 790:Sri Lanka Kaffirs 754:African diasporas 718:trading diasporas 697:Hurricane Katrina 678:Armenian American 634:collective memory 542:. Daneau writes: 458:and secondly in: 233:Lebanese diaspora 229:Armenian genocide 225:Armenian diaspora 181:Scottish diaspora 133:Assyrian genocide 123:formed after the 8072: 8065:Diaspora studies 8039:Trading diaspora 8027:Related articles 7904: 7900: 7842: 7823: 7816: 7733: 7731:Meskhetian Turks 7714: 7690: 7688:Turkish Cypriots 7683: 7654: 7517: 7404: 7400: 7063: 7009: 7005: 6839: 6835: 6813: 6806: 6799: 6790: 6702: 6700: 6698: 6668: 6628: 6558: 6545:Kantor, Mattis, 6542: 6509: 6490: 6466: 6444: 6418: 6416: 6414: 6408: 6402:. Archived from 6377: 6369:Brubaker, Rogers 6333: 6332: 6330: 6328: 6313: 6307: 6306: 6295: 6289: 6288: 6286: 6284: 6269: 6263: 6262: 6260: 6258: 6252: 6246:. Archived from 6229: 6220: 6214: 6213: 6211: 6209: 6194: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6183: 6168: 6162: 6161: 6159: 6157: 6135: 6126: 6125: 6114: 6108: 6107: 6096: 6090: 6089: 6087: 6085: 6069: 6063: 6062: 6060: 6058: 6049:. Archived from 6042: 6036: 6035: 6021: 6015: 6014: 6008: 6006: 6000: 5989: 5980: 5974: 5973: 5954: 5948: 5947: 5942:. Archived from 5932: 5926: 5925: 5914: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5903: 5898:. The World Bank 5888: 5882: 5872: 5864: 5852: 5845: 5839: 5838: 5833: 5831: 5799: 5793: 5792: 5764: 5758: 5757: 5755: 5753: 5730: 5724: 5723: 5717: 5709: 5681: 5675: 5674: 5660: 5654: 5653: 5651: 5649: 5639: 5633: 5632: 5630: 5628: 5617: 5611: 5610: 5608: 5606: 5600: 5594:. Archived from 5593: 5584: 5578: 5577: 5557: 5551: 5550: 5530: 5524: 5523: 5503: 5497: 5496: 5494: 5492: 5469: 5463: 5462: 5429: 5423: 5422: 5402: 5396: 5395: 5393: 5391: 5374: 5368: 5367: 5347: 5341: 5340: 5338: 5336: 5324: 5318: 5317: 5315: 5313: 5302: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5280: 5274: 5273: 5271: 5269: 5254: 5248: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5232: 5223: 5222: 5220: 5218: 5207: 5196: 5195: 5193: 5191: 5186:on 20 April 2021 5185: 5178: 5170: 5149: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5128: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5117: 5101: 5095: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5085: 5065: 5059: 5058: 5056: 5032: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5021: 5006: 5000: 4999: 4997: 4995: 4980: 4974: 4973: 4971: 4969: 4954: 4948: 4947: 4945: 4943: 4928: 4922: 4921: 4916: 4914: 4898: 4892: 4891: 4889: 4887: 4878:. Archived from 4863: 4857: 4856: 4854: 4852: 4837: 4831: 4830: 4810: 4804: 4797: 4791: 4790: 4782: 4776: 4775: 4767: 4761: 4760: 4742: 4736: 4735: 4699: 4690: 4687: 4678: 4677: 4658: 4652: 4649: 4643: 4642: 4624: 4618: 4617: 4612:. Archived from 4589: 4583: 4572: 4566: 4559: 4553: 4552: 4547:. Archived from 4541: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4515: 4509: 4508: 4506: 4504: 4489: 4483: 4482: 4462: 4456: 4455: 4453: 4451: 4436: 4430: 4429: 4406: 4400: 4389: 4383: 4374: 4368: 4367: 4357: 4347: 4323: 4317: 4316: 4304: 4298: 4297: 4286: 4280: 4279: 4268: 4262: 4261: 4259: 4257: 4242: 4236: 4235: 4233: 4231: 4216: 4210: 4209: 4207: 4205: 4193: 4187: 4186: 4178: 4172: 4171: 4143: 4137: 4136: 4118: 4112: 4111: 4109: 4107: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4073: 4067: 4066:, pp. 3–36. 4061: 4055: 4054: 4038: 4032: 4031: 4029: 4027: 4011: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3985: 3979: 3978: 3976: 3974: 3959: 3953: 3947: 3941: 3935: 3929: 3923: 3917: 3911: 3905: 3904: 3883:Global Diasporas 3875: 3869: 3863: 3857: 3851: 3845: 3839: 3833: 3827: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3800: 3794: 3793: 3791: 3789: 3775: 3769: 3768: 3766: 3764: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3730: 3720: 3714: 3713: 3703: 3697: 3694: 3688: 3687: 3676: 3670: 3667: 3661: 3658: 3652: 3647: 3641: 3635: 3629: 3623: 3617: 3611: 3605: 3599: 3593: 3592: 3589:data.perseus.org 3581: 3575: 3574:, p. 30–31. 3569: 3563: 3557: 3551: 3545: 3539: 3533: 3527: 3507: 3506: 3500: 3494: 3484: 3478: 3477: 3475: 3473: 3459: 3453: 3452: 3440: 3434: 3433: 3405: 3399: 3398: 3386: 3380: 3379: 3362: 3356: 3355: 3353: 3351: 3336: 3330: 3329: 3327: 3325: 3306: 3296: 3290: 3289: 3287: 3285: 3271: 3265: 3264: 3252: 3242: 3236: 3235: 3215: 3209: 3208: 3201: 3195: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3172: 3166: 3165: 3134: 3128: 3127: 3125: 3123: 3104: 3098: 3097: 3079: 3073: 3072: 3054: 3048: 3047: 3045: 3043: 3028: 3022: 3021: 3019: 3017: 3003: 2997: 2996: 2994: 2992: 2977: 2971: 2970: 2968: 2966: 2952: 2946: 2945: 2934:. p. xxvi. 2918: 2912: 2911: 2909: 2907: 2891: 2885: 2884: 2878: 2876: 2870: 2863: 2855: 2849: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2829: 2817: 2814:Khachig Tölölyan 2806: 2741:Romani Holocaust 2705:Myanmar conflict 2685:Stateless nation 2564:Kurdish refugees 2559:Ethnic cleansing 2464: 2398:Syrian Civil War 2351: 2348: 2330: 2323: 2289:Rwandan genocide 2238:Cuban Revolution 2137:Sri Lankan Tamil 2131:Celebrations of 2030:Russian Far East 1858:Istrian Italians 1831:Istrian Italians 1783:Eastern European 1647:Falck steelworks 1622:export of labour 1595: 1592: 1549: 1536:Garlin Gilchrist 1412: 1254:Germanic peoples 1252:, various other 1230:Migration-Period 1176:(the so-called " 1152:tribes from the 1142:European history 1071:Overseas Chinese 995:Turkish diaspora 991:Tibetan diaspora 979:Russian diaspora 967:Persian diaspora 955:Overseas Chinese 883: 880: 778:Arab slave trade 760:African diaspora 722:Khachig Tölölyan 619:Sydney Chinatown 607:Chinese diaspora 591:diaspora studies 536:Lambert Daneau's 532:John Stockwood's 499:Kingdom of Judah 480: 470: 469: 453: 447: 446: 426:Second Punic War 395: 394: 341: 335: 334: 329: 323: 322: 317: 311: 310: 305: 299: 298: 280:Chinese diaspora 276:Mexican diaspora 249:Iranian diaspora 245:Syrian civil war 205:Mexican diaspora 201:Italian diaspora 165:southern Chinese 157:Byzantine Empire 149:Istanbul pogroms 125:Babylonian exile 104: 98: 97: 94: 93: 90: 87: 84: 81: 78: 75: 72: 50:Mexican diaspora 8080: 8079: 8075: 8074: 8073: 8071: 8070: 8069: 8050: 8049: 8048: 8043: 8022: 8018:Muslim diaspora 8002: 7981: 7918: 7895: 7889: 7862: 7838: 7819: 7812: 7796: 7738: 7729: 7710: 7686: 7679: 7650: 7634: 7588:Northern Europe 7583: 7552: 7513: 7482: 7446: 7395: 7383: 7296: 7214: 7107: 7052: 7000: 6988: 6972: 6941: 6910: 6884: 6863: 6830: 6822: 6817: 6767:Wayback Machine 6756: 6721: 6719:Further reading 6716: 6696: 6694: 6692: 6675: 6638: 6601:Safran, William 6599: 6552: 6539: 6526: 6517:Weinfeld, Moshe 6506: 6493: 6484: 6471:Mylonas, Harris 6463: 6447: 6441: 6428: 6412: 6410: 6409:on 9 April 2011 6406: 6375: 6367: 6342: 6337: 6336: 6326: 6324: 6315: 6314: 6310: 6305:. October 2013. 6297: 6296: 6292: 6282: 6280: 6271: 6270: 6266: 6256: 6254: 6250: 6232:Global Networks 6227: 6222: 6221: 6217: 6207: 6205: 6196: 6195: 6191: 6181: 6179: 6170: 6169: 6165: 6155: 6153: 6137: 6136: 6129: 6116: 6115: 6111: 6098: 6097: 6093: 6083: 6081: 6071: 6070: 6066: 6056: 6054: 6044: 6043: 6039: 6031:The Independent 6023: 6022: 6018: 6004: 6002: 5998: 5987: 5982: 5981: 5977: 5970: 5956: 5955: 5951: 5940:Dominican Today 5934: 5933: 5929: 5916: 5915: 5911: 5901: 5899: 5890: 5889: 5885: 5866: 5847: 5846: 5842: 5829: 5827: 5825: 5802: 5800: 5796: 5766: 5765: 5761: 5751: 5749: 5747: 5732: 5731: 5727: 5710: 5698: 5683: 5682: 5678: 5663:Meyers, Kayla. 5662: 5661: 5657: 5647: 5645: 5641: 5640: 5636: 5626: 5624: 5619: 5618: 5614: 5604: 5602: 5601:on 24 July 2011 5598: 5591: 5586: 5585: 5581: 5574: 5559: 5558: 5554: 5547: 5532: 5531: 5527: 5520: 5505: 5504: 5500: 5490: 5488: 5486: 5471: 5470: 5466: 5459: 5433:Bloxham, Donald 5431: 5430: 5426: 5419: 5404: 5403: 5399: 5389: 5387: 5376: 5375: 5371: 5364: 5349: 5348: 5344: 5334: 5332: 5326: 5325: 5321: 5311: 5309: 5304: 5303: 5299: 5289: 5287: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5267: 5265: 5256: 5255: 5251: 5241: 5239: 5234: 5233: 5226: 5216: 5214: 5209: 5208: 5199: 5189: 5187: 5183: 5176: 5172: 5171: 5152: 5142: 5140: 5130: 5129: 5125: 5115: 5113: 5103: 5102: 5098: 5088: 5086: 5067: 5066: 5062: 5034: 5033: 5029: 5019: 5017: 5008: 5007: 5003: 4993: 4991: 4982: 4981: 4977: 4967: 4965: 4956: 4955: 4951: 4941: 4939: 4930: 4929: 4925: 4912: 4910: 4901: 4899: 4895: 4885: 4883: 4865: 4864: 4860: 4850: 4848: 4839: 4838: 4834: 4812: 4811: 4807: 4798: 4794: 4784: 4783: 4779: 4769: 4768: 4764: 4757: 4744: 4743: 4739: 4701: 4700: 4693: 4688: 4681: 4660: 4659: 4655: 4650: 4646: 4639: 4626: 4625: 4621: 4591: 4590: 4586: 4582:(1), pp. 17–38. 4573: 4569: 4560: 4556: 4551:on 5 July 2008. 4543: 4542: 4538: 4528: 4526: 4525:on 6 March 2012 4517: 4516: 4512: 4502: 4500: 4491: 4490: 4486: 4479: 4464: 4463: 4459: 4449: 4447: 4438: 4437: 4433: 4426: 4408: 4407: 4403: 4390: 4386: 4380:War of the Jews 4375: 4371: 4325: 4324: 4320: 4306: 4305: 4301: 4288: 4287: 4283: 4270: 4269: 4265: 4255: 4253: 4244: 4243: 4239: 4229: 4227: 4218: 4217: 4213: 4203: 4201: 4195: 4194: 4190: 4180: 4179: 4175: 4160: 4145: 4144: 4140: 4133: 4120: 4119: 4115: 4105: 4103: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4082: 4075: 4074: 4070: 4062: 4058: 4040: 4039: 4035: 4025: 4023: 4013: 4012: 4008: 3998: 3996: 3987: 3986: 3982: 3972: 3970: 3961: 3960: 3956: 3948: 3944: 3936: 3932: 3924: 3920: 3916:, pp. 5–6. 3912: 3908: 3901: 3877: 3876: 3872: 3864: 3860: 3852: 3848: 3840: 3836: 3828: 3821: 3813: 3809: 3801: 3797: 3787: 3785: 3777: 3776: 3772: 3762: 3760: 3759:. November 2010 3750: 3749: 3745: 3733: 3722: 3721: 3717: 3712:. p. 1042. 3705: 3704: 3700: 3695: 3691: 3686:. 23 July 2023. 3678: 3677: 3673: 3668: 3664: 3659: 3655: 3648: 3644: 3636: 3632: 3624: 3620: 3612: 3608: 3600: 3596: 3583: 3582: 3578: 3570: 3566: 3558: 3554: 3546: 3542: 3534: 3530: 3525:Perseus Project 3501: 3497: 3485: 3481: 3471: 3469: 3461: 3460: 3456: 3442: 3441: 3437: 3407: 3406: 3402: 3388: 3387: 3383: 3366:Bloxham, Donald 3364: 3363: 3359: 3349: 3347: 3344:The Independent 3338: 3337: 3333: 3323: 3321: 3319: 3298: 3297: 3293: 3283: 3281: 3273: 3272: 3268: 3261: 3244: 3243: 3239: 3232: 3217: 3216: 3212: 3203: 3202: 3198: 3188: 3186: 3174: 3173: 3169: 3154: 3136: 3135: 3131: 3121: 3119: 3106: 3105: 3101: 3094: 3081: 3080: 3076: 3069: 3056: 3055: 3051: 3041: 3039: 3030: 3029: 3025: 3015: 3013: 3005: 3004: 3000: 2990: 2988: 2979: 2978: 2974: 2964: 2962: 2954: 2953: 2949: 2942: 2920: 2919: 2915: 2905: 2903: 2900:Merriam Webster 2893: 2892: 2888: 2874: 2872: 2868: 2861: 2857: 2856: 2852: 2842: 2840: 2831: 2830: 2826: 2821: 2820: 2807: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2772:Yazidi genocide 2648:Human migration 2492: 2471: 2452: 2413: 2407: 2371: 2361: 2352: 2346: 2343: 2336:needs expansion 2321: 2314:policy in 1997. 2278:Central America 2173:Afghan diaspora 2109:14th Dalai Lama 2038: 1874:Istro-Romanians 1747: 1734: 1726:organized crime 1674:Northwest Italy 1605:Atlantic Canada 1593: 1576:European Russia 1528: 1479:Italian history 1328:, and possibly 1219:northwest India 1182:south of France 1139: 1133: 1025:Jewish diaspora 1001: 999:Yemeni diaspora 987:Syrian diaspora 975:Romani diaspora 939:Korean diaspora 931:Kazakh diaspora 927:Jewish diaspora 895:Afghan diaspora 891: 881: 848:Indian diaspora 840: 838:Asian diasporas 762: 756: 732:late capitalism 695:in the wake of 645:Rogers Brubaker 599: 540:Twelve Prophets 534:translation of 528: 516:Jewish diaspora 288: 272:Indian diaspora 253:1979 revolution 147:as well as the 121:Jewish diaspora 114:place of origin 102: 69: 65: 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8078: 8076: 8068: 8067: 8062: 8052: 8051: 8045: 8044: 8042: 8041: 8036: 8030: 8028: 8024: 8023: 8021: 8020: 8014: 8012: 8008: 8007: 8004: 8003: 8001: 8000: 7995: 7989: 7987: 7983: 7982: 7980: 7979: 7974: 7969: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7949: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7928: 7926: 7920: 7919: 7917: 7916: 7910: 7908: 7901: 7891: 7890: 7888: 7887: 7885:New Zealanders 7882: 7876: 7874: 7868: 7867: 7864: 7863: 7861: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7844: 7843: 7831: 7826: 7825: 7824: 7817: 7804: 7802: 7801:Western Europe 7798: 7797: 7795: 7794: 7793: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7746: 7744: 7740: 7739: 7737: 7736: 7735: 7734: 7722: 7717: 7716: 7715: 7703: 7698: 7693: 7692: 7691: 7684: 7681:Greek Cypriots 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7656: 7655: 7642: 7640: 7636: 7635: 7633: 7632: 7627: 7622: 7617: 7612: 7607: 7602: 7597: 7591: 7589: 7585: 7584: 7582: 7581: 7576: 7571: 7569:Crimean Tatars 7566: 7560: 7558: 7557:Eastern Europe 7554: 7553: 7551: 7550: 7545: 7540: 7535: 7530: 7525: 7520: 7519: 7518: 7506: 7501: 7496: 7490: 7488: 7487:Central Europe 7484: 7483: 7481: 7480: 7475: 7470: 7465: 7460: 7454: 7452: 7448: 7447: 7445: 7444: 7439: 7434: 7429: 7424: 7419: 7413: 7411: 7401: 7389: 7388: 7385: 7384: 7382: 7381: 7376: 7371: 7367: / 7362: 7357: 7352: 7347: 7342: 7341: 7340: 7335: 7330: 7325: 7320: 7315: 7304: 7302: 7298: 7297: 7295: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7279: 7274: 7269: 7264: 7263: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7237: 7232: 7226: 7224: 7220: 7219: 7216: 7215: 7213: 7212: 7211: 7210: 7205: 7204: 7203: 7193: 7192: 7191: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7131: 7126: 7121: 7115: 7113: 7109: 7108: 7106: 7105: 7100: 7095: 7090: 7085: 7080: 7075: 7069: 7067: 7060: 7054: 7053: 7051: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7015: 7013: 7006: 6994: 6993: 6990: 6989: 6987: 6986: 6980: 6978: 6974: 6973: 6971: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6949: 6947: 6943: 6942: 6940: 6939: 6934: 6932:South Africans 6929: 6924: 6918: 6916: 6912: 6911: 6909: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6892: 6890: 6886: 6885: 6883: 6882: 6877: 6871: 6869: 6865: 6864: 6862: 6861: 6859:South Sudanese 6856: 6851: 6845: 6843: 6836: 6824: 6823: 6818: 6816: 6815: 6808: 6801: 6793: 6787: 6786: 6780: 6774: 6769: 6755: 6754:External links 6752: 6751: 6750: 6743: 6736: 6729: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6714: 6703: 6690: 6673: 6669: 6636: 6631:Shain, Yossi, 6629: 6597: 6587: 6580: 6573: 6566: 6559: 6550: 6543: 6537: 6524: 6513:Galil, Gershon 6510: 6504: 6491: 6482: 6467: 6461: 6445: 6439: 6426: 6419: 6365: 6358: 6351: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6335: 6334: 6308: 6290: 6264: 6215: 6189: 6178:. 30 June 2009 6163: 6127: 6109: 6091: 6064: 6037: 6016: 5975: 5968: 5949: 5927: 5909: 5883: 5840: 5823: 5794: 5775:(2): 111–129. 5759: 5745: 5725: 5696: 5676: 5655: 5634: 5612: 5579: 5572: 5552: 5545: 5525: 5518: 5498: 5484: 5464: 5457: 5424: 5417: 5397: 5369: 5362: 5342: 5319: 5297: 5275: 5249: 5224: 5197: 5150: 5123: 5112:. The Guardian 5096: 5060: 5027: 5001: 4975: 4949: 4923: 4893: 4858: 4832: 4805: 4792: 4777: 4762: 4755: 4737: 4716:10.1086/449779 4691: 4679: 4673:(in Spanish). 4653: 4644: 4637: 4619: 4584: 4567: 4554: 4536: 4510: 4484: 4477: 4457: 4431: 4424: 4401: 4384: 4369: 4318: 4299: 4281: 4263: 4237: 4211: 4188: 4173: 4158: 4138: 4131: 4113: 4088: 4068: 4056: 4033: 4022:on 23 May 2013 4006: 3980: 3954: 3942: 3930: 3918: 3906: 3899: 3870: 3858: 3846: 3834: 3819: 3807: 3795: 3770: 3752:"diaspora, n." 3743: 3734:Calvin, John. 3715: 3698: 3689: 3671: 3662: 3653: 3642: 3630: 3628:, p. 126. 3618: 3616:, p. 143. 3606: 3594: 3576: 3564: 3552: 3540: 3528: 3495: 3479: 3454: 3435: 3416:(1): 157–158. 3400: 3381: 3357: 3331: 3317: 3291: 3266: 3259: 3237: 3230: 3210: 3196: 3167: 3152: 3129: 3099: 3092: 3074: 3067: 3049: 3023: 2998: 2972: 2947: 2940: 2926:Carol R. Ember 2913: 2886: 2850: 2823: 2822: 2819: 2818: 2800: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2786: 2781: 2776: 2775: 2774: 2764: 2759: 2758: 2757: 2747: 2746: 2745: 2744: 2743: 2728: 2727: 2726: 2725: 2724: 2723: 2722: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2690:Trail of Tears 2687: 2682: 2677: 2675:State collapse 2672: 2667: 2666: 2665: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2630: 2625: 2620: 2619: 2618: 2617: 2616: 2611: 2610: 2609: 2597: 2596: 2595: 2594: 2593: 2592: 2591: 2569:Jewish history 2566: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2550: 2549: 2547:Greek genocide 2544: 2539: 2534: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2504: 2499: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2484:Hmong American 2480:Clint Eastwood 2470: 2467: 2451: 2448: 2409:Main article: 2406: 2403: 2392:Following the 2360: 2357: 2354: 2353: 2333: 2331: 2320: 2317: 2316: 2315: 2311: 2292: 2285: 2274: 2263: 2256: 2245: 2230: 2217:The 1990–1994 2215: 2205: 2198: 2180: 2169: 2166:Tamil diaspora 2124: 2105:Tibetan people 2097: 2066:Southeast Asia 2037: 2034: 1986:1947 Partition 1817:ethnic Germans 1808:, Hungary and 1806:Czechoslovakia 1746: 1743: 1733: 1730: 1682:southern Italy 1607:(particularly 1587:Western Canada 1527: 1524: 1500:Southern Italy 1426:were dispersed 1405:Irish diaspora 1324:), as well as 1223:Greek diaspora 1215:southwest Asia 1174:southern Italy 1132: 1129: 1123:, who led the 1075:mainland China 1037:Roman conquest 951:Omani diaspora 889:Asian diaspora 887:Main article: 873:, present-day 839: 836: 755: 752: 747:Harris Mylonas 630:William Safran 598: 595: 570:, to whom St. 527: 524: 483: 482: 456: 455: 356:following the 287: 284: 268:United Nations 227:following the 173:Irish diaspora 145:Greek genocide 143:and the later 131:following the 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8077: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8057: 8055: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8031: 8029: 8025: 8019: 8016: 8015: 8013: 8009: 7999: 7996: 7994: 7991: 7990: 7988: 7986:North America 7984: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7930: 7929: 7927: 7925: 7924:Latin America 7921: 7915: 7912: 7911: 7909: 7905: 7902: 7899: 7892: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7877: 7875: 7873: 7869: 7859: 7858:Luxembourgers 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7841: 7837: 7836: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7822: 7818: 7815: 7811: 7810: 7809: 7806: 7805: 7803: 7799: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7767: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7747: 7745: 7741: 7732: 7728: 7727: 7726: 7723: 7721: 7718: 7713: 7709: 7708: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7689: 7685: 7682: 7678: 7677: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7653: 7649: 7648: 7647: 7644: 7643: 7641: 7637: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7592: 7590: 7586: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7570: 7567: 7565: 7562: 7561: 7559: 7555: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7531: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7521: 7516: 7515:Volksdeutsche 7512: 7511: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7491: 7489: 7485: 7479: 7476: 7474: 7471: 7469: 7466: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7455: 7453: 7449: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7423: 7420: 7418: 7415: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7405: 7402: 7399: 7394: 7390: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7366: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7343: 7339: 7336: 7334: 7331: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7310: 7309: 7306: 7305: 7303: 7299: 7293: 7290: 7288: 7285: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7273: 7270: 7268: 7265: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7242: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7227: 7225: 7221: 7209: 7206: 7202: 7199: 7198: 7197: 7194: 7190: 7187: 7186: 7185: 7182: 7181: 7180: 7179:South Indians 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7124:Bengali Hindu 7122: 7120: 7117: 7116: 7114: 7110: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7094: 7091: 7089: 7086: 7084: 7081: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7071: 7070: 7068: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7055: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: / 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7016: 7014: 7010: 7007: 7004: 6999: 6995: 6985: 6982: 6981: 6979: 6975: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6953:Cape Verdeans 6951: 6950: 6948: 6944: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6919: 6917: 6913: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6893: 6891: 6887: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6872: 6870: 6866: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6846: 6844: 6840: 6837: 6834: 6829: 6825: 6821: 6814: 6809: 6807: 6802: 6800: 6795: 6794: 6791: 6784: 6781: 6778: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6764: 6761: 6758: 6757: 6753: 6748: 6744: 6741: 6737: 6734: 6730: 6727: 6723: 6722: 6718: 6712: 6708: 6704: 6693: 6691:9789089642387 6687: 6683: 6679: 6674: 6670: 6666: 6662: 6658: 6654: 6650: 6646: 6642: 6637: 6634: 6630: 6626: 6622: 6618: 6614: 6610: 6606: 6602: 6598: 6596: 6592: 6588: 6585: 6581: 6578: 6574: 6571: 6567: 6564: 6560: 6556: 6551: 6548: 6544: 6540: 6538:9780865439801 6534: 6530: 6525: 6523:, Brill, 2000 6522: 6518: 6514: 6511: 6507: 6505:9789004326910 6501: 6497: 6492: 6488: 6483: 6480: 6476: 6472: 6468: 6464: 6462:9780415435505 6458: 6454: 6450: 6446: 6442: 6440:9780670854394 6436: 6432: 6427: 6424: 6420: 6405: 6401: 6397: 6393: 6389: 6385: 6381: 6374: 6370: 6366: 6363: 6359: 6356: 6352: 6349: 6345: 6344: 6339: 6323: 6319: 6312: 6309: 6304: 6300: 6294: 6291: 6279: 6275: 6268: 6265: 6249: 6245: 6241: 6238:(2): 201–20. 6237: 6233: 6226: 6219: 6216: 6203: 6199: 6193: 6190: 6177: 6173: 6167: 6164: 6151: 6147: 6146: 6141: 6134: 6132: 6128: 6124:. 7 May 2022. 6123: 6119: 6113: 6110: 6105: 6101: 6095: 6092: 6079: 6075: 6068: 6065: 6052: 6048: 6041: 6038: 6033: 6032: 6027: 6020: 6017: 6013: 5997: 5993: 5986: 5979: 5976: 5971: 5969:9781845456580 5965: 5961: 5960: 5953: 5950: 5945: 5941: 5937: 5931: 5928: 5924:. Scholastic. 5923: 5919: 5913: 5910: 5897: 5893: 5887: 5884: 5880: 5879:North Vietnam 5876: 5875:South Vietnam 5870: 5862: 5858: 5857: 5851: 5850:"boat people" 5844: 5841: 5837: 5826: 5824:9780521527507 5820: 5816: 5815: 5810: 5806: 5798: 5795: 5790: 5786: 5782: 5778: 5774: 5770: 5763: 5760: 5748: 5746:9781134378258 5742: 5738: 5737: 5729: 5726: 5721: 5715: 5707: 5703: 5699: 5697:9781487588069 5693: 5689: 5688: 5680: 5677: 5672: 5671: 5666: 5659: 5656: 5644: 5638: 5635: 5623:(in Croatian) 5622: 5616: 5613: 5597: 5590: 5583: 5580: 5575: 5573:9780044451945 5569: 5565: 5564: 5556: 5553: 5548: 5542: 5538: 5537: 5529: 5526: 5521: 5519:9781137308771 5515: 5511: 5510: 5502: 5499: 5487: 5485:9780822392361 5481: 5477: 5476: 5468: 5465: 5460: 5458:9781107005037 5454: 5450: 5446: 5442: 5438: 5434: 5428: 5425: 5420: 5418:9783030783860 5414: 5410: 5409: 5401: 5398: 5386: 5385: 5380: 5373: 5370: 5365: 5363:9781841624457 5359: 5355: 5354: 5346: 5343: 5331:. Treccani.it 5330: 5323: 5320: 5307: 5301: 5298: 5285: 5279: 5276: 5263: 5259: 5253: 5250: 5237: 5231: 5229: 5225: 5212: 5206: 5204: 5202: 5198: 5182: 5175: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5161: 5159: 5157: 5155: 5151: 5138: 5136: 5127: 5124: 5111: 5109: 5100: 5097: 5084: 5079: 5075: 5071: 5064: 5061: 5055: 5050: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5031: 5028: 5016: 5012: 5005: 5002: 4989: 4985: 4979: 4976: 4964: 4960: 4953: 4950: 4938: 4934: 4927: 4924: 4920: 4909: 4905: 4897: 4894: 4881: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4862: 4859: 4847: 4843: 4836: 4833: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4809: 4806: 4802: 4796: 4793: 4788: 4781: 4778: 4773: 4766: 4763: 4758: 4756:9788815005748 4752: 4748: 4741: 4738: 4733: 4729: 4725: 4721: 4717: 4713: 4709: 4705: 4698: 4696: 4692: 4686: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4657: 4654: 4648: 4645: 4640: 4638:9780195364811 4634: 4630: 4623: 4620: 4615: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4595: 4588: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4571: 4568: 4564: 4558: 4555: 4550: 4546: 4540: 4537: 4524: 4520: 4514: 4511: 4499: 4495: 4488: 4485: 4480: 4478:9780742517561 4474: 4470: 4469: 4461: 4458: 4446: 4442: 4435: 4432: 4427: 4425:9780062339447 4421: 4417: 4416: 4411: 4410:Schama, Simon 4405: 4402: 4398: 4394: 4388: 4385: 4381: 4378: 4373: 4370: 4365: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4337: 4333: 4329: 4322: 4319: 4315: 4310: 4303: 4300: 4295: 4291: 4285: 4282: 4277: 4273: 4267: 4264: 4251: 4247: 4241: 4238: 4226: 4222: 4215: 4212: 4199: 4192: 4189: 4184: 4177: 4174: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4155: 4151: 4150: 4142: 4139: 4134: 4132:9780865439801 4128: 4124: 4117: 4114: 4102: 4098: 4092: 4089: 4081: 4080: 4072: 4069: 4065: 4064:Tölölyan 1996 4060: 4057: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4037: 4034: 4021: 4017: 4010: 4007: 3995: 3991: 3984: 3981: 3969: 3968:Daily Finance 3965: 3958: 3955: 3951: 3950:Brubaker 2005 3946: 3943: 3940:, p. 14. 3939: 3938:Brubaker 2005 3934: 3931: 3927: 3926:Brubaker 2005 3922: 3919: 3915: 3914:Brubaker 2005 3910: 3907: 3902: 3900:9781134077953 3896: 3892: 3888: 3884: 3880: 3874: 3871: 3867: 3862: 3859: 3855: 3850: 3847: 3843: 3838: 3835: 3832:, p. 75. 3831: 3826: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3815:Brubaker 2005 3811: 3808: 3804: 3799: 3796: 3784: 3780: 3774: 3771: 3758: 3757: 3753: 3747: 3744: 3740:. p. 25. 3739: 3738: 3729:. p. 13. 3728: 3727: 3723:Owen, James. 3719: 3716: 3711: 3710: 3702: 3699: 3693: 3690: 3685: 3681: 3675: 3672: 3669:p. 1, Barclay 3666: 3663: 3657: 3654: 3651: 3646: 3643: 3639: 3638:Tölölyan 1996 3634: 3631: 3627: 3622: 3619: 3615: 3610: 3607: 3604:, p. 29. 3603: 3598: 3595: 3590: 3586: 3580: 3577: 3573: 3568: 3565: 3561: 3556: 3553: 3550:, p. 10. 3549: 3548:Tölölyan 1996 3544: 3541: 3537: 3532: 3529: 3526: 3522: 3521: 3516: 3515:Scott, Robert 3512: 3508: 3499: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3483: 3480: 3468: 3464: 3458: 3455: 3450: 3446: 3439: 3436: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3404: 3401: 3396: 3395:Dissertations 3392: 3385: 3382: 3377: 3373: 3372: 3367: 3361: 3358: 3345: 3341: 3335: 3332: 3320: 3318:9781858286358 3314: 3310: 3305: 3304: 3295: 3292: 3280: 3276: 3270: 3267: 3262: 3260:9780520933163 3256: 3251: 3250: 3241: 3238: 3233: 3227: 3223: 3222: 3214: 3211: 3206: 3200: 3197: 3184: 3183: 3178: 3171: 3168: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3153:9780203846964 3149: 3145: 3144: 3139: 3133: 3130: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3103: 3100: 3095: 3093:9781785334993 3089: 3085: 3078: 3075: 3070: 3064: 3061:. Routledge. 3060: 3053: 3050: 3038:. 6 July 2023 3037: 3033: 3027: 3024: 3012: 3008: 3002: 2999: 2987: 2983: 2976: 2973: 2961: 2957: 2951: 2948: 2943: 2941:9780306483219 2937: 2933: 2932: 2927: 2923: 2917: 2914: 2902: 2901: 2896: 2890: 2887: 2883: 2867: 2860: 2854: 2851: 2838: 2834: 2828: 2825: 2815: 2811: 2805: 2802: 2795: 2790: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2773: 2770: 2769: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2756: 2753: 2752: 2751: 2748: 2742: 2739: 2738: 2737: 2734: 2733: 2732: 2729: 2721: 2718: 2717: 2716: 2713: 2712: 2711: 2708: 2707: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2680:Statelessness 2678: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2639: 2636: 2634: 2631: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2615: 2612: 2608: 2605: 2604: 2603: 2602: 2601: 2598: 2590: 2589:The Holocaust 2587: 2586: 2585: 2582: 2581: 2580: 2577: 2576: 2575: 2572: 2571: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2529: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2518: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2508: 2505: 2503: 2500: 2498: 2495: 2494: 2489: 2487: 2485: 2481: 2477: 2476: 2468: 2466: 2463: 2458: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2443: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2412: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2395: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2375: 2370: 2366: 2358: 2350: 2341: 2337: 2334:This section 2332: 2329: 2325: 2324: 2318: 2312: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2290: 2286: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2272: 2271:military rule 2268: 2265:Thousands of 2264: 2261: 2257: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2234:Latin America 2231: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2213: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2146: 2142: 2139:community in 2138: 2134: 2129: 2125: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2084:regime under 2083: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2062: 2061: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2035: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2003: 1998: 1996: 1991: 1987: 1982: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1963: 1961: 1956: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1932: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1880:territory of 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1848:was the post- 1847: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1794: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1731: 1729: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1643: 1639: 1637: 1633: 1632: 1627: 1623: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1588: 1583: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1552: 1545: 1541: 1540:auto industry 1537: 1533: 1525: 1523: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1504:rural society 1501: 1497: 1496:sharecropping 1494: 1493: 1488: 1487:Fascist Italy 1484: 1480: 1476: 1471: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1450: 1447:of the XXXIV 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1432: 1427: 1423: 1418: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1378: 1374: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1352: 1346: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1290:Slavic tribes 1288:and numerous 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1226: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1183: 1179: 1178:Magna Graecia 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1162:Mediterranean 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1146:ancient times 1143: 1138: 1130: 1128: 1126: 1122: 1116: 1113: 1112:British Isles 1109: 1105: 1101: 1096: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1021: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 972: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 912: 908: 904: 900: 899:Arab diaspora 896: 890: 876: 872: 868: 867:Bukharan Jews 864: 857: 853: 849: 844: 837: 835: 833: 829: 825: 824:African Union 820: 818: 814: 810: 809:Kaleb of Axum 806: 802: 798: 793: 791: 787: 783: 779: 774: 771: 767: 761: 753: 751: 748: 744: 740: 735: 733: 728: 723: 719: 713: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 690: 683: 682:New York City 679: 675: 670: 665: 663: 658: 655: 650: 646: 642: 640: 635: 631: 624: 620: 617:) gateway at 616: 612: 608: 603: 596: 594: 592: 588: 583: 581: 575: 573: 569: 563: 560: 559: 552: 550: 543: 541: 537: 533: 525: 523: 521: 517: 512: 508: 504: 500: 496: 492: 488: 479: 477: 464: 461: 460: 459: 452: 441: 438: 437: 436: 434: 429: 427: 423: 422:Magna Graecia 419: 415: 411: 407: 401: 399: 392: 384: 382: 378: 374: 370: 363: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 340: 328: 316: 304: 293: 292:Ancient Greek 285: 283: 281: 277: 273: 269: 264: 262: 258: 257:United States 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 117: 115: 111: 107: 106: 96: 63: 55: 51: 46: 39: 35: 29: 22: 7463:Azerbaijanis 7282:Singaporeans 7078:Bangladeshis 6849:Cameroonians 6819: 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Retrieved 6681: 6648: 6644: 6640: 6632: 6611:(1): 83–99. 6608: 6604: 6590: 6576: 6569: 6562: 6554: 6546: 6528: 6520: 6495: 6486: 6478: 6452: 6449:Cohen, Robin 6430: 6422: 6411:. Retrieved 6404:the original 6383: 6379: 6361: 6354: 6347: 6327:30 September 6325:. Retrieved 6321: 6311: 6302: 6293: 6283:30 September 6281:. Retrieved 6278:Tech in Asia 6277: 6267: 6257:30 September 6255:. Retrieved 6248:the original 6235: 6231: 6218: 6206:. Retrieved 6201: 6192: 6182:24 September 6180:. Retrieved 6175: 6166: 6156:24 September 6154:. Retrieved 6150:the original 6145:El Universal 6143: 6121: 6112: 6103: 6094: 6082:. Retrieved 6080:(in Persian) 6077: 6067: 6057:15 September 6055:. Retrieved 6051:the original 6040: 6029: 6019: 6010: 6003:. Retrieved 5991: 5978: 5958: 5952: 5944:the original 5939: 5930: 5921: 5912: 5900:. Retrieved 5895: 5886: 5854: 5843: 5835: 5828:. Retrieved 5813: 5809:Kiernan, Ben 5797: 5772: 5768: 5762: 5750:. Retrieved 5735: 5728: 5686: 5679: 5668: 5658: 5646:. Retrieved 5643:"Popis 2002" 5637: 5625:. Retrieved 5615: 5603:. Retrieved 5596:the original 5582: 5562: 5555: 5535: 5528: 5508: 5501: 5489:. Retrieved 5474: 5467: 5440: 5427: 5407: 5400: 5388:. Retrieved 5382: 5372: 5352: 5345: 5333:. Retrieved 5322: 5310:. Retrieved 5300: 5288:. Retrieved 5278: 5266:. Retrieved 5262:the original 5252: 5240:. Retrieved 5215:. Retrieved 5213:(in Italian) 5188:. Retrieved 5181:the original 5141:. Retrieved 5134: 5126: 5114:. Retrieved 5107: 5099: 5087:. Retrieved 5073: 5063: 5044: 5040: 5030: 5018:. Retrieved 5014: 5004: 4992:. Retrieved 4987: 4978: 4966:. Retrieved 4962: 4952: 4940:. Retrieved 4936: 4926: 4918: 4913:30 September 4911:. Retrieved 4907: 4896: 4886:30 September 4884:. Retrieved 4880:the original 4871: 4861: 4851:30 September 4849:. Retrieved 4845: 4835: 4818: 4814: 4808: 4800: 4795: 4786: 4780: 4771: 4765: 4746: 4740: 4710:(1): 55–72. 4707: 4703: 4674: 4670: 4656: 4647: 4628: 4622: 4614:the original 4604:(5): 12–18. 4601: 4597: 4587: 4579: 4575: 4570: 4562: 4557: 4549:the original 4539: 4527:. Retrieved 4523:the original 4513: 4501:. Retrieved 4497: 4487: 4467: 4460: 4448:. Retrieved 4444: 4434: 4414: 4404: 4387: 4372: 4335: 4331: 4321: 4314:into Europe. 4312: 4308: 4302: 4293: 4284: 4275: 4266: 4254:. Retrieved 4249: 4240: 4228:. Retrieved 4224: 4214: 4202:. Retrieved 4191: 4182: 4176: 4148: 4141: 4122: 4116: 4106:13 September 4104:. Retrieved 4100: 4091: 4078: 4071: 4059: 4050: 4046: 4036: 4024:. Retrieved 4020:the original 4009: 3997:. Retrieved 3993: 3983: 3971:. Retrieved 3967: 3957: 3952:, p. 2. 3945: 3933: 3928:, p. 3. 3921: 3909: 3882: 3879:Cohen, Robin 3873: 3861: 3856:, p. 4. 3849: 3844:, p. 6. 3837: 3817:, p. 5. 3810: 3798: 3788:30 September 3786:. Retrieved 3782: 3773: 3761:. Retrieved 3754: 3746: 3736: 3725: 3718: 3708: 3701: 3692: 3683: 3674: 3665: 3656: 3645: 3640:, p. 9. 3633: 3621: 3609: 3597: 3588: 3579: 3567: 3562:, p. 2. 3555: 3543: 3531: 3518: 3498: 3490: 3482: 3470:. Retrieved 3466: 3457: 3448: 3438: 3413: 3409: 3403: 3394: 3384: 3370: 3360: 3348:. Retrieved 3343: 3334: 3322:. Retrieved 3302: 3294: 3282:. Retrieved 3278: 3269: 3248: 3240: 3220: 3213: 3199: 3187:. Retrieved 3185:(in Turkish) 3180: 3170: 3142: 3132: 3120:. Retrieved 3111: 3102: 3083: 3077: 3058: 3052: 3040:. Retrieved 3035: 3026: 3014:. Retrieved 3010: 3001: 2989:. Retrieved 2985: 2975: 2963:. Retrieved 2959: 2950: 2930: 2922:Melvin Ember 2916: 2904:. Retrieved 2898: 2889: 2880: 2873:. Retrieved 2853: 2841:. Retrieved 2836: 2827: 2809: 2804: 2700:Yom HaAliyah 2670:Rural exodus 2574:Antisemitism 2473: 2472: 2453: 2442:El Universal 2440: 2436: 2414: 2391: 2344: 2340:adding to it 2335: 2077: 2058:Soviet Union 2054:Central Asia 2039: 1999: 1983: 1979:Palestinians 1964: 1957: 1930: 1918:World War II 1910:South Africa 1890:Julian March 1850:World War II 1843: 1798:Soviet Union 1795: 1787:Iron Curtain 1777:, and other 1765:, including 1761:; they also 1757:authorities 1751:World War II 1748: 1735: 1659: 1645:View of the 1629: 1617:cod collapse 1598: 1565: 1553: 1529: 1520:World War II 1490: 1472: 1465:Ulster Scots 1454: 1419: 1415:Irish Famine 1410:an Gorta Mór 1402: 1377:James Axtell 1370: 1347: 1227: 1197: 1140: 1117: 1097: 1087: 1065: 1022: 1002: 935:Khmer people 821: 815:(modern-day 799:(modern-day 794: 775: 763: 736: 714: 708: 704: 686: 667: 664:as follows: 661: 659: 648: 643: 628: 584: 579: 577: 571: 567: 565: 556: 554: 548: 545: 529: 519: 511:Roman Empire 486: 484: 457: 435:, first in: 430: 414:Simon Dubnow 409: 405: 403: 397: 390: 386: 380: 376: 372: 366: 358:Great Famine 349: 289: 270:report, the 265: 263:and Turkey. 177:Great Famine 159:) after the 153:Anglo-Saxons 118: 61: 59: 7977:Venezuelans 7967:Nicaraguans 7947:Ecuadorians 7880:Australians 7701:Macedonians 7620:Lithuanians 7564:Belarusians 7468:Circassians 7410:and Ireland 7355:Azerbaijani 7328:Palestinian 7255:Minangkabau 7240:Indonesians 7189:In the Gulf 7103:Sri Lankans 6977:Pan-African 6937:Zimbabweans 6651:(1): 3–36. 6433:. Penguin. 6413:22 February 6386:(1): 1–19. 6208:21 December 6078:Entekhab.ir 5902:26 November 5690:. 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