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Mexico
Territorial Legislative Assembly in a total of thirteen yearly sessions, over a period of 31 years. He represented Rio Arriba county, serving as House member each year in sessions (1853) 3rd through (1856) 6th, and also in the (1862) 12th; as President of the Council in the (1863) 13th and (1864) 14th sessions; as Council member in sessions (1867) 17th through (1871) 20th, and in the (1878) 23rd; and was finally elected to the (1884) 26th session as House member, during which, he died.
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funeral native and
American citizens alike assembled in vast numbers, performing the last honor to the distinguished statesman. The procession which followed the remains to their last resting place in the Catholic cemetery was one of the largest ever seen in the City of Santa Fe. The 22d Infantry Band of the United States Army led the procession, which included the General commanding the District, Brigadier General
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and when that time came, he would go with the satisfaction of knowing that his vote had been cast in behalf of freedom and in behalf of free, non-sectarian education of the youth of his country. His last vote cast in the House was in favor of the construction of the
Capitol building at Santa Fe. He died in Santa Fe, and was survived by seven children.
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His last speech in the House of
Representatives was in favor of an amendment to a pending educational bill, which declared for non-sectarian administration of the schools of New Mexico. In making this speech, he said that he was then an old man, that he expected very soon to be called to his Maker,
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The U.S. won the
Mexican–American War and forced Mexico into the cession of its northern territories, which included New Mexico. After the war, Archuleta returned to New Mexico and swore allegiance to the American government. He became involved in the territorial politics and was elected to the New
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states that at least twenty-four hours before Kearny reached Apache Canyon, James
Magoffin had convinced (possibly with a bribe) Manuel Armijo to make no defense, but Colonel Archuleta, second in command, was determined to fight. In order to dissuade Archuleta, Magoffin argued that Kearny was only
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of 1841. In that year he also married
Jesusita Trujillo, who later gave him seven children. In 1843 he was elected as a Deputy from New Mexico to the National Mexican Congress, serving there for two years. In recognition of his distinguished service as an officer of the Mexican army he was awarded
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On March 20, 1884, during his last session of the
Assembly, he was taken suddenly ill. The following day he was assisted to his seat, cast his vote, and was then taken to his apartments, and although every known medical treatment was brought to bear, he died of heart failure. On the day of the
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to muster a defense. Armijo set up a position in Apache Canyon, a narrow pass about 10 miles (16 km) southeast of the city. On August 14, before the arrival of the
American Army, Armijo decided not to fight and dismissed Archuleta. No shots were fired in the
258:, Mexico where he received his primary and secondary education. His education was intended to prepare him for the priesthood, toward which he attained the four minor orders, but he decided not to follow that vocation before leaving Durango.
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interested in lands east of the Rio Grande which were previously claimed by Texas, and recommended that
Archuleta issue a pronunciamento to seize territory west of the river for his own governance. Whereby, Archuleta agreed not to resist.
481:, his staff, and other officers of the U.S. Army stationed at Santa Fe, the members of the legislative assembly, the county commissioners, secret and patriotic societies. It was estimated that over 2,500 people marched in the procession.
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and the discovery that U.S. military orders were to take possession of the whole territory and that General Kearny was marching toward California, Archuleta was determined to revolt. He organized the first conspiracy to overthrow General
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tribe. In one of his government reports he is listed as agent for the Utahs, Capotes, and Apache Jicarillas. In March 1865, after the war's end, President Lincoln re-appointed Archuleta as an Indian agent in New Mexico.
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441:, governor and commander in chief of the territory. The "New Mexico Volunteer Infantry" (NMVI) had the most Hispanic officers of any unit in the Union Army. The unit included Colonel Miguel E. Pino,
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Archuleta later recanted his secessionist views and joined the Union Army. He was assigned to the "New Mexico Militia" (NMM) as Lt. Colonel with Colonel Manuel Armijo (son of the late governor
339:'s government administration in Santa Fe, but the plot was discovered and stopped. Within another thirty days he had organized another conspiracy, which resulted in the death of Governor
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437:, Lt. Colonel J. M. Baca y Salazar and Major Charles E. Wesche. On September 9, 1861 he was appointed as Brigadier General of the 1st division of the Militia of the Territory by
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Archuleta returned home in 1840 and was commissioned as captain of the militia. In this capacity, he commanded a body of troops and assisted in the capture of Texans during the
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AASF, LDS film # 9, 10, 16976, San Juan de los Caballeros Church Baptisms, Frame 1358, entry 6. Parents residents of "Plaza de los Luceros" as stated in baptism record
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Initially, Archuleta's sympathies lay with the Confederates. This led Watts and other pro-Union colleagues to lose faith in Archuleta. In 1861, Watts asked president
761:
Cooke, Philip St. George (1964). The Conquest of New Mexico and California, an Historical and Personal Narrative. Albuquerque, NM: Horn and Wallace. pp. 113–114.
433:), over the 1st regiment, consisting of six companies. The smaller 2nd regiment of the NMM consisted of four companies and was under the command of Colonel
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254:. He was the son of a prominent citizen, Juan Andres Archuleta. His family were wealthy ranchers and, as such, they had the economic means to send him to
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On August 9, 1846, Archuleta, who was appointed to the rank of Colonel in the Mexican Army, wanted to fight the invading American forces headed towards
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Diego Archuleta's appointment to Brigadier General of the 1st Division of the Territory of New Mexico Militia by Governor Henry Connelly, Sep 9, 1861
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on February 21, 1862. When Archuleta was promoted to Brigadier General, he became the first Hispanic in history to reach that rank in the
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210:(March 27, 1814 – 1884), was a member of the Mexican Congress. He joined the Mexican Army to fight against the United States in the
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The History Of The Military Occupation Of The Territory Of New Mexico From 1846–1851, By The Government Of The United States
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House Documents, Otherwise Publ. as Executive Documents: 13th Congress, 2d Session-49th Congress, 1st Session
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He also ran as a candidate for the 1861 Thirty-seventh Congress of the United States, but was defeated by
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to replace Archuleta and to name Jose Antonio Mansinares to the position of Indian agent.
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The History of the Military Occupation of the Territory of New Mexico from 1846 to 1851
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Archuleta was born in Plaza de Los Luceros, Rio Arriba, New Mexico, then a province of
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by Gerardo Flores; Publication: Contenido (Magazine/Journal); Publisher: Thomson Gale
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the golden Cross of Honor for preserving the integrity of the Mexican territory.
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302:. He was joined by other militia officers was joined by other militia officers
283:. The Mexican–American War was an armed conflict between the United States and
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and the New Mexican Militia retreated from Santa Fe while Armijo fled to
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Violence Over the Land: Indians and Empires in the Early American West;
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Diego Archuleta, Primer Brigadier Mexicano de Estados Unidos (Spanish);
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375:. Watts had also advocated for Archuleta's appointment as the U.S.
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agent. In 1857 Archuleta was named the U.S. Indian agent for the
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War of a thousand deserts: Indian raids and the U.S.–Mexican War
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Diego Archuleta's awards and decorations include the following:
813:
Report of the Secretary of the Territory and Legislative Manual
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by Ralph Emerson Twitchell; Publisher: Kessinger Publishing
411:) rejected secession as illegal and the Civil War ensued.
869:"MILITARY ORDER OF THE LOYAL LEGION OF THE UNITED STATES"
711:"New Mexico Historic Markers: Canoncito at Apache Canyon"
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New Mexico Territorial Legislative Assembly, Indian Agent
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by Ned Blackhawk; Publisher: Harvard University Press;
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Hispanic Firsts: 500 Years of Extraordinary Achievement
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Mexican military personnel of the Mexican–American War
355:. Archuleta also participated in the January 24, 1847
627:. Farmington Hills, MI: Visible Ink Press. pp.
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Archuleta supported Mexico upon the outbreak of the
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661:Pratt McDermott, Stacey (July–September 2008).
399:of the United States of America declared their
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965:People of New Mexico in the American Civil War
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810:State of New Mexico, Secretary's Office,
144:1st Infantry Regiment, New Mexico Militia
950:Politicians from Albuquerque, New Mexico
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306:and Miguel Pino, who wanted Governor
214:. Later, he was appointed an Indian (
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363:New Mexico Territorial Government
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262:Pre-war Mexican service and life
152:1st Division, New Mexico Militia
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840:State Rights in the Confederacy
238:to reach the military rank of
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770:Christensen and Christensen,
505:Army Civil War Campaign Medal
405:Confederate States of America
234:. Archuleta became the first
52:Rio Arriba County, New Mexico
737:"One Offense of the Pueblos"
453:. These units fought in the
62:1884 (aged 69–70)
663:"Problemas In Nuevo Mexico"
445:Jose Maria Valdez, Colonel
136:Brigadier General (Militia)
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619:Kanellos, Nicolas (1997).
970:People of the Taos Revolt
790:. Yale University Press.
592:Ralph Emerson Twitchell,
539:American Civil War portal
449:, and Lieutenant Colonel
343:and others. This was the
268:Texan Santa Fe Expedition
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825:United States Congress,
324:Senator Thomas H. Benton
47:Viceroyalty of New Spain
407:. The U.S. government (
401:secession from the U.S.
955:Union militia generals
489:Awards and decorations
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459:United States Military
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717:on September 27, 2007
691:on September 28, 2011
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218:) Agent by President
111:Years of service
784:Brian DeLay (2008).
772:The U.S.–Mexican War
281:Mexican–American War
275:Mexican-American War
212:Mexican–American War
164:Mexican–American War
65:Santa Fe, New Mexico
43:Plaza de Los Luceros
552:Capture of Santa Fe
332:Capture of Santa Fe
313:Capture of Santa Fe
289:annexation of Texas
169:Capture of Santa Fe
816:(1907) pp. 152-169
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455:Battle of Valverde
443:Lieutenant Colonel
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388:American Civil War
232:American Civil War
206:Brigadier General
186:Battle of Valverde
181:American Civil War
114:1846–1848 (Mexico)
106:New Mexico Militia
920:978-0-674-02720-6
838:Frank L. Owsley,
797:978-0-300-11932-9
373:John Sebrie Watts
240:Brigadier General
222:, and joined the
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447:Jose G. Gallegos
392:In 1861, eleven
357:Battle of Cañada
293:Texas Revolution
216:Native Americans
174:Battle of Cañada
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197:Other work
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945:1884 deaths
940:1814 births
874:October 26,
829:(1858) p.31
747:October 26,
345:Taos Revolt
246:Early years
934:Categories
568:References
224:Union Army
75:Allegiance
721:April 15,
682:1537-226X
409:The Union
317:Chihuahua
252:New Spain
676:(3): 5.
511:See also
394:southern
349:Mexicans
300:Santa Fe
236:Hispanic
149:Commands
97:Service/
858:, p.462
854:(1908)
629:210–211
256:Durango
228:US Army
54:, U.S.)
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598:(1909)
377:Indian
285:Mexico
99:branch
84:Mexico
689:(PDF)
666:(PDF)
465:Death
50:(now
916:ISBN
908:ISBN
876:2011
792:ISBN
749:2011
723:2007
697:2011
678:ISSN
633:ISBN
351:and
141:Unit
121:Rank
69:U.S.
59:Died
40:1814
37:Born
381:Ute
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