2056:
624:(Light detection and ranging), allowing laser-based ACC to provide the largest detection distance as well as the best accuracy of all ACC systems. However, laser-based systems do not detect and track vehicles as reliably in adverse weather conditions due to the fact that fog, or water particles in the air may absorb and or redirect the light emitted from the laser, through absorption, scattering, and reflection. Laser based ACC systems also have a more difficult time tracking dirty (and therefore non-reflective) vehicles. Laser-based sensors must be exposed, the sensor (a fairly large black box) is typically found in the lower grille, offset to one side.
2114:" was testing Mercedes' original Distronic system. During the test, the system did not always manage to brake in time. Ulrich Mellinghoff, then Head of Safety, NVH, and Testing at the Mercedes-Benz Technology Centre, stated that some tests failed because the vehicle was tested in a metallic hall, which caused problems with radar. Later iterations received an upgraded radar and other sensors, which are not disrupted by a metallic environment. In 2008, Mercedes conducted a study comparing the crash rates of Distronic Plus vehicles and vehicles without it, and concluded that those equipped with Distronic Plus have an around 20% lower crash rate.
585:
175:
604:
164:
650:. These systems have front-facing video cameras mounted on either side of the rearview mirror and use digital processing to extract depth information from the parallax between the two cameras' views. Due to the fact that there are video cameras, this type of ACC is able to reliably determine shape and classification of objects in front of the vehicle, and are also able to specifically detect when a vehicle in front is braking. As of now, this type of ACC is more widely used for lane centering.
50:
593:
33:
145:
Adaptive cruise control does not provide full autonomy: the system only provides some help to the driver, but does not drive the car by itself. For example, the driver is able to set the cruise control to 55mph, if the car while traveling that speed catches up to another vehicle going only 45mph, the
682:
to integrate the data to improve safety and/or driving experience. GPS data can inform the system of geographic features such as a freeway offramp. A camera system could notice driver behavior such as brake lights and/or a turn signal. This could allow the following car to interpret a turn signal by
574:
introduced its safety sense on all models as a standard feature. Toyota Safety Sense P (TSS-P) includes DRCC (dynamic radar cruise control) that uses a front-grille-mounted radar and a forward-facing camera that is designed to detect a vehicle in front and automatically adjust the vehicle's speed to
691:
Predictive systems modify vehicle speed based on predictions of other vehicles' behavior. Such systems can make earlier, more moderate adjustments to the predicted behavior, improving safety and passenger comfort. One example is to predict the likelihood of a vehicle in a neighboring lane moving in
627:
Radar-based sensors work by emitting a radio wave at a frequency of either 24GHz or 77GHz. As these signals are emitted, the car computes how long it takes for the signal to return, thus finding out how far away a vehicle may be in front of it. Due to the widely distributed beam, radar ACC systems
452:
2008: Volkswagen Passat CC, B6 and
Touareg GP. The ACC system was updated to support a full auto stop and added Front Assist function to prevent collisions working separately of ACC. Front Assist cannot brake automatically, it only increases the pressure in the brake system and warns the
154:
Given the fact that ACC is considered a key component of future generations of intelligent cars, and the fact that it can increase comfort and safety on longer drives, ACC systems cost anywhere between $ 500 to $ 2500, depending on the type of ACC, as well as the model of the car.
628:
allow for a much wider field of view while still being able to provide accurate measurements of 160+ meters (Roughly 525 feet). These radar systems can be hidden behind plastic fascias; however, the fascias may look different from a vehicle without the feature. For example,
566:
introduced its Super Cruise semi-autonomous feature in the model year 2018 CT6 (for cars produced on or after 6 September 2017). The system used onboard radar and cameras along with lidar mapping data, allowing the driver to go hands-free on limited-access
683:
an exit as not requiring the following car to slow down, as the leading car will exit. Multi-sensor systems could also take note of traffic signs/signals and not, e.g., violate a red light while following a vehicle that crossed before the signal changed.
418:. It pushes the gas pedal against the foot when the navigation system observes an unsafe speed. If the Autonomous cruise control system is used, the Distance Control Assistance reduced speed automatically and warned the driver with an audible bell sound.
4498:
1914:
Toyota Safety Sense (TSS-P) (on 2017+ Land
Cruiser, Avalon and Avalon Hybrid, Prius, Corolla, Prius Prime, RAV4 and RAV4 Hybrid, Highlander and Highlander Hybrid), Toyota Safety Sense (TSS) 2.0 on 2019+ RAV4 and 2020+ Corolla has full speed range.
2636:
369:
2004: Toyota added "low-speed tracking mode" to the radar ACC on the Crown
Majesta. The low-speed tracking mode was a second mode that would warn the driver and provide braking if the car ahead stopped; it could stop the car, but would then
707:
According to this standard, an ACC is partial automation of longitudinal vehicle control to reduce the workload of the driver on roads where non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians are prohibited. It does not deal with stationary objects.
1910:
Prius + Prius Prime (2016+), Camry (2018+), C-HR (2018+), Avalon (2017+), Land
Cruiser (2018+), Rav 4 (2019+), Corolla (only Hatchback) (2019), Corolla Sedan (2017+) Toyota Safety Sense P (TSS-P), Corolla Sedan and Hatchback (2020+)
146:
ACC will cause the car to automatically brake and maintain a safe distance behind the vehicle in front, and will maintain that distance until the road opens up again and the car can safely return to the initially set speed of 55mph.
80:
that automatically adjusts the vehicle speed to maintain a safe distance from vehicles ahead. As of 2019, it is also called by 20 unique names that describe that basic functionality. This is also known as
Dynamic cruise control.
395:
2006: Volkswagen Passat B6 introduced radar ACC supplied by
Autocruise and TRW, functioning from 30 to 210 km/h (19 to 130 mph). It supported additional functions AWV1 and AWV2 to prevent collisions by using the brake
4561:
3526:
4506:
4471:
2640:
425:. The radar-assisted system maintained continuous control from speeds from 0 to 100 km/h (0 to 62 mph) and is designed to work under stop/go situations such as highway traffic congestion.
2953:
2369:
2980:
4554:
3339:
2214:
4547:
2423:
506:
2010: Volkswagen Passat B7, CC. Update of ACC and updated Front Assist. Introduced emergency braking, named "City". The car could brake automatically to prevent a collision.
3515:
3397:
998:
Stop & Go/Lane Assist controls steering for up to 30 seconds of hands-off driving. Highway driving only. Available on 3, 5, 6 and 7 models. (BMW Option Code S541A)
5070:
4136:
2144:
4369:
2834:
2449:
4417:"Mercedes-Benz Trucks: Safety: New assistance systems: Active Brake Assist 4 emergency: braking assistant featuring pedestrian recognition and: Sideguard Assist"
632:
packages the radar behind the upper grille in the center and behind a solid plastic panel that has painted slats to simulate the look of the rest of the grille.
2610:
3208:
733:
are able to bring the car to a full stop to 0 mph (0 km/h) and need to be re-activated to continue moving with something like a tap of the gas pedal.
2098:
demonstrated the effectiveness of the system by coming to a complete halt from motorway speeds to a round-about and getting out, without touching the pedals.
5060:
3261:
2684:
5121:
2304:
3390:
3006:
2662:
3146:
2957:
5126:
4082:
2484:
3799:
3577:
1953:
Dynamic Laser Cruise
Control (DLCC) on 2009+ Sienna XLE Limited, Avalon Limited and Sequoia Platinum shuts off below 25 mph (40 km/h) (US)
4243:
2716:
3628:
3288:
4211:
2189:
3775:
3020:
2802:
2081:. Distronic adjusts the vehicle speed automatically to the car in front in order to always maintain a safe distance to other cars on the road.
1567:
LS 460 (2006+), GS hybrid (2013+), NX (2015+), NX hybrid (2015+), GS non-hybrid (2016+), RX (2016+), RX hybrid (2016+), UX (2019+), ES (2019+)
1269:
Disables and does not work or brake under 20 mph (32 km/h); - Radar
Adaptive Cruise Control and Collision Warning with Brake Support
662:, which warns the driver and/or provides brake support if there is a high risk of a collision. Also in certain cars, it is incorporated with a
4339:
4307:
4275:
4022:
3688:
2088:
the first car to receive the upgraded system. Distronic Plus could now completely halt the car if necessary on most sedans. In an episode of
107:
setup allowing the vehicle to brake when it detects the car is approaching another vehicle ahead, then accelerate when traffic allows it to.
2554:
4979:
3357:"ISO 15622:2018—-Intelligent transport systems—Adaptive cruise control systems—Performance requirements and test procedures—third edition"
2580:
643:, or one central long range radar coupled with two short radar sensors placed on the corners of the vehicle like the BMW 5 and 6 series.
3983:
3563:
2502:
2139:
118:
by maintaining optimal separation between vehicles and reducing driver errors. Vehicles with autonomous cruise control are considered a
2055:
403:. In low-speed mode, it warns the driver of a potential collision and prepares emergency braking as needed. The system was supplied by
4666:
2470:
70:
3118:
2427:
4878:
4688:
4597:
4187:
2564:
2920:
635:
Single radar systems are the most common. Systems involving multiple sensors use either two similar hardware sensors like the 2010
206:"Preview Distance Control". This system controlled speed through throttle control and downshifting, but could not apply the brakes.
4052:
3439:
3314:
1137:
200c (2015+), 300 (2015+ in S, C, or C Platinum trims), Pacifica & Pacifica Hybrid (2017+ in
Touring L Plus or Limited trims)
646:
A more recent development is the binocular computer vision system, such as that introduced to the US market in model year 2013 by
3456:
3234:
1304:
Adaptive Cruise
Control - Camera, Disables when the vehicle slows to under 10 mph (16 km/h) (GM Option 'RPO' Code K59)
1129:
Adaptive Cruise Control - Camera, Disables when the vehicle slows to under 10 mph (16 km/h) (GM Option 'RPO' Code K59)
711:
According to this standard, ACC includes two classes of systems: the FSRA (full speed range) and the LSRA (limited speed range).
4892:
4602:
4499:"Mercedes-Benz Accident Study Shows 20 Percent of Rear End Collisions Can Be Avoided With Distronic Plus and Brake Assist Plus"
3657:
3700:
2772:
4999:
4723:
4534:
4445:
2850:
1475:
Cadenza (2014+), Sedona (2015+), K900 (2015+), Optima (2016+), Sorento (2016+), Niro (2017+), Telluride (2019+), EV6 (2022+)
1217:
486:
358:
2003: Toyota shifted from laser to radar ACC on the Celsior. The first Lexus Dynamic Radar Cruise Control and a radar-guided
4915:
4656:
2164:
3181:
5035:
5004:
4910:
4739:
4698:
4587:
4162:
2085:
2074:
2040:
ACC also includes automatic braking. Newest models feature full power auto-brake with pedestrian and cyclist detection.
523:
389:
229:
168:
4373:
2831:
2453:
2101:
In 2016, Mercedes introduced Active Brake Assist 4, the first emergency braking assistant with pedestrian recognition.
4693:
4592:
2334:
704:
ISO 15622 Intelligent transport systems—Adaptive cruise control systems—Performance requirements and test procedures.
392:
upgraded ACC to completely halt the car if necessary (now called "Distronic Plus" on E-Class and most Mercedes sedans.
195:. Marketed as "distance warning", this system warns the driver, without influencing throttle, brakes, or gearshifting.
4539:
2614:
1364:(2015+), Sonata (2015+), Santa Fe (2017+), Santa Fe Sport (2017+), Ioniq (2017+), Palisade (2019+), Ioniq 5 (2022+)
4933:
4837:
4671:
2246:
1741:
Stops vehicle but resets after 3 seconds, requiring brake application to sit still and setting cruise speed again.
584:
378:
5065:
5045:
4964:
4612:
3907:
2090:
2312:
2272:
4984:
4863:
4728:
4008:
3377:
1498:
36:
Schematic of Intelligent Cruise Control. The red car automatically maintains a safe distance from the blue car.
4118:
3414:
3063:
2065:
Coupe. The forward-facing Distronic sensors are usually placed behind the Mercedes-Benz logo and front grille.
750:
Vehicles with fully automated speed control can respond to traffic signals and non-vehicular on-road activity.
4812:
3881:
3856:
3154:
2532:
1660:
855:
663:
603:
266:
174:
4093:
1840:
Legacy, Outback (2013+), Forester (2014+), Impreza (2015+), WRX (2016+), Crosstrek (2016+), Ascent (2019+)
4969:
3958:
3933:
3908:"Quiet Luxury: Intuitive Technology, Effortless Performance and Distinctive Design Drive 2017 Lincoln MKZ"
3806:
1422:
Shuts off below 3 mph, EX: in North America as an option, shuts off below 40 km/h (25 mph)
1243:
1201:
3629:"10 Awesome Driver-Assist Features That Help 2015 Ford F-150 Customers Drive Smarter - Ford Media Center"
3550:
2746:
5055:
4472:"Pedestrian protection: Not just a question of compliance with crash-test regulations for Mercedes-Benz"
4250:
2724:
2059:
1702:
1690:
1674:
1670:
692:
front of the controlled vehicle. One system predicts a lane change up to five seconds before it occurs.
460:
436:
163:
1061:
Also includes full power automatic braking under 20 mph (32 km/h) (GM Option 'RPO' Code KSG)
2395:
4622:
4617:
1343:
359:
4218:
3782:
3590:
2810:
5096:
4778:
4347:
4282:
3089:
1997:
1524:
1458:
1289:
1114:
514:
199:
192:
4314:
4030:
4873:
4868:
4703:
4627:
4394:
2154:
2078:
2022:
2018:
1993:
1985:
1503:
1490:
1098:
640:
482:
447:
429:
330:
277:
233:
2702:
217:. It controlled speed through throttle control and downshifting, but could not apply the brakes.
2637:"Premiere auf dem Automobilsalon in Genf: Renault Vel Satis mit neuer Wischertechnik von Bosch"
2588:
670:
assist to reduce steering input burden on corners when the cruise control system is activated.
4661:
3476:
2921:"New 2010 Acura ZDX Four-Door Sports Coupe Delivers Style, Performance, Luxury and Refinement"
2560:
2228:
2014:
1989:
1965:
1150:
1110:
1055:
701:
404:
309:
184:
126:
2876:
2510:
1454:
Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) - Stop/Start again option on 2017 models but not prior models.
4900:
4772:
4637:
4607:
4570:
3038:
2773:"Distance Control: DCX and VW Offering Adaptive Cruise Control System with a Low-Speed Mode"
2110:
2005:
1438:
1434:
1106:
1090:
1086:
522:
2013: Mercedes introduced "Distronic Plus with Steering Assist" (traffic jam assist) on the
244:
3882:"All-New Lincoln Continental Delivers Quiet Luxury: Elegant, Serene, Effortlessly Powerful"
4974:
4852:
4806:
2838:
2169:
2149:
2095:
2036:
Starting in 2008 ACC was available as an option on V40, S60, V60, XC60, V70, XC70 and S80
2001:
1895:
1373:
1369:
1361:
1263:
1209:
1123:
1102:
659:
490:
111:
1451:
Cherokee (2014+, Limited and TrailHawk Models), Grand Cherokee (2012+), Wrangler (2018+)
969:
3 and 5-series (2007+), 7-series (2009+), X5 (2011+) excl Diesel, i3 (2014+), X3 (2014+)
4416:
2928:
592:
5091:
5086:
4676:
2159:
2134:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1919:
1749:
1094:
1029:
1021:
1013:
720:
667:
214:
134:
130:
122:
119:
4060:
3984:"2017 Mazda CX-5 first drive review: Will more tech, quieter cockpit match Audi, BMW?"
1295:
Adaptive Cruise Control - Advanced with Traffic Jam Assist (GM Option 'RPO' Code KSG)
1120:
Adaptive Cruise Control - Advanced with Traffic Jam Assist (GM Option 'RPO' Code KSG)
588:
The Jeep adaptive cruise control radar sensor located in the center of the lower grill
546:
introduced autopilot feature to Model S cars, enabling semi-autonomous cruise control.
283:
2000: Toyota was the first to bring laser ACC to the US market in late 2000, with the
5115:
4796:
4784:
4734:
3831:
3658:"Ford Media Release:Adaptive Cruise Control and Collision Warning with Brake Support"
3209:"Fair Weather Friend: How do LiDAR Systems Cope in Rain & Fog? - AutoVision News"
2105:
1927:
1923:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1860:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1413:
1405:
1357:
1319:
1227:
1205:
1187:
1183:
1144:
1009:
992:
679:
629:
611:
464:
320:
221:
3664:
4994:
4905:
4818:
3603:
2780:
1947:
1735:
1623:
1417:
1409:
1401:
1348:
Adaptive Cruise Control and Collision Mitigating Braking System with Honda Sensing
1327:
1323:
1213:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1051:
1047:
988:
984:
980:
976:
536:
535:
introduced full speed range radar "Adaptive Cruise Control with Stop+" on the 2015
352:
298:
115:
4137:"Tesla Firmware 6.1 Update Introduces Traffic-Aware Cruise Control for Autopilot"
1512:
Later models (~2010-) can add full speed range by (unofficial) software upgrade.
421:
2006: September 2006 Toyota introduced its "all-speed tracking function" for the
114:. The technology enhances passenger safety and convenience as well as increasing
4847:
3490:
1745:
1731:
1727:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1528:
1393:
1339:
1285:
1255:
1251:
1235:
1231:
1033:
1017:
747:
cuts off and turns off below a set minimum speed, requiring driver intervention.
543:
440:
415:
290:
2000: Toyota's laser ACC system added "brake control", that also applies brakes.
255:
240:
213:
offered a "laser adaptive cruise control" (lidar) system on the Japanese market
85:
3578:"2020 Chevrolet Silverado Gets the Adaptive Cruise It Should Have Had for 2019"
4388:
1973:
1864:
1794:
1631:
1614:
1610:
1397:
1331:
1277:
1247:
446:
2008: SsangYong Motor Company introduced radar "Active Cruise Control" on the
326:
53:
17:
2981:"All-new 2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee Earns 'Top Safety Pick' From the Insurance"
2851:"Active Cruise Control with Stop & Go function on the BMW 5 Series Sedan"
556:
2015: Honda introduced its European CR-V 2015 with predictive cruise control.
2123:
1698:
1678:
1335:
1298:
1281:
1259:
1239:
842:
838:
834:
830:
817:
813:
809:
550:
475:
471:
3182:"Demystifying Adaptive Cruise Control: A Comprehensive Guide - 33rd Square"
2247:"Can You Add Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) to a Vehicle? | Vehicle Answers"
1763:
3008 and 5008 (2017+), 308 (2017+), 508 (2018+), 208 (2019+), 2008 (2019+)
519:
2012: Volkswagen made ACC standard on the Volkswagen Golf MK7 SE and above.
3356:
2894:
1312:
Accord (2018+), CRV (2017+), Available with Honda Sensing package (2016+)
470:
2009: ACC and CMBS also became available as optional feature for the 2010
4857:
4842:
1694:
1686:
1682:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1515:
Discovery 3 and 4 can retrofit L320 system with custom mounting hardware
826:
563:
532:
428:
2007: BMW introduced full-speed Active Cruise Control Stop-and-Go on the
422:
382:
363:
348:
294:
284:
3750:
3119:"New Honda smart cruise control predicts other motorists' future idiocy"
414:
introduced "Intelligent Cruise Control with Distance Control Assist" on
3725:
3064:"D is, as expected, an AWD Model S but new autopilot features surprise"
2190:"A Safety Feature By Any Other Name Can Really Be Confusing, AAA Finds"
1559:
Radar Adaptive Cruise Control and Collision Warning with Brake Support
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
636:
597:
501:
400:
341:
305:
110:
ACC technology is regarded as a key component of future generations of
77:
32:
2685:"Delphi's Adaptive Cruise Control Technology Featured on Cadillac XLR"
2503:"Nissan Research Center - On the Research Front Lines - Hideaki Inoue"
528:
2013: BMW introduced Active Cruise Control with Traffic Jam Assistant.
5050:
4530:
2279:
2062:
1969:
1627:
941:(2002–09) (also uses data from navigation and front camera sensors),
795:
647:
571:
411:
316:
262:
251:
210:
104:
92:
54:
Adaptive cruise control by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
3564:"2019 Chevy Equinox Gets New Colors, New Tech, and a Whole Lot More"
381:(Collision Mitigation Braking System (CMBS)) in the model year 2006
2229:"Here is everything you need to know about adaptive cruise control"
2084:
In 2005, Mercedes refined the system ("Distronic Plus") making the
329:
introduced radar ACC, manufactured by Autocruise (now TRW), on the
4989:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4790:
2070:
2054:
1779:
Panamera (2010+); Cayenne (2011+), Cayman (2013+), Boxster(2012+)
621:
617:
602:
591:
583:
549:
2015: Ford introduced the first pickup truck with ACC on the 2015
374:
225:
203:
188:
173:
162:
100:
96:
31:
3262:"Assistenzsysteme im Test: Sechs Modelle im Sicherheitsvergleich"
2471:"Technical highlights of the CL-Class and its predecessor series"
972:
Active Cruise Control with Stop & Go (BMW Option Code S5DFA)
265:
introduced world's first camera-based ACC on the Japanese-market
5040:
4766:
1167:
C4 (2004–10), C4 Picasso (2006–13), Berlingo (2018+), C4 Cactus
510:
474:
Mid Model Change (MMC) and the newly introduced model year 2010
337:
74:
4543:
2485:"Jaguar Teams with Delphi to Introduce Adaptive Cruise Control"
2104:
One crash caused by Distronic Plus dates to 2005, when German
740:
auto-resume from standstill to creep with stop and go traffic.
497:
273:
2663:"Launch of top-of-the-range Lancia Thesis is delayed further"
1617:(2017+), Mazda3 (2020+), Mazda CX-30 (2020+), Mazda6 (2021+)
2215:"Path to Autonomy: Self-Driving Car Levels 0 to 5 Explained"
4531:
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control: Human Factors Analysis
2954:"The new Audi A8 – The sportiest sedan in the luxury class"
1950:, 2013+ Prius v, 2014+ Highlander, 2015+ Camry, 2016+ RAV4
129:. When combined with another driver assist feature such as
297:
introduced laser "Intelligent Cruise Control" on the 2002
276:
introduced radar "Active Cruise Control" in Europe on the
2948:
2946:
1161:
C4 Picasso & Grand C4 Picasso (2013–22), C5 Aircross
4163:"Toyota Introduces New 10th-Generation Corolla in Japan"
3315:"What is adaptive cruise control, and how does it work?"
2273:"Vehicle Technologies to Improve Performance and Safety"
2008:(2016+ SEL Trim), Tiguan SEL (2018+), ATLAS SEL (2018+)
575:
help maintain a pre-set distance behind a vehicle ahead.
191:-based distance detection system on the Japanese market
3007:"New assistance systems: The helpers in the background"
1461:(Option on Limited & Overland, standard on Summit)
399:
2006: Audi introduced full speed range ACC plus on the
1972:
Tourer (on selected variants of SE, SRi, Elite, VXR),
721:
Lane centering § Sample of level 2 automated cars
3652:
3650:
3289:"Abstandsregeltempomaten im Test: Mittelklasse-Autos"
2581:"Finally! Adaptive Cruise Control Arrives in the USA"
1637:
Radar Cruise Control and Forward Obstruction Warning
2424:"Mercedes-Benz S-Class, W 220 series (1998 to 2005)"
1315:
Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) with Low-Speed Follow
1223:
Adaptive cruise control with stop-and-go (optional)
5079:
5024:
5013:
4940:
4928:
4891:
4828:
4759:
4752:
4712:
4645:
4636:
4578:
2559:. Springer-Verlag. 25 September 2013. p. 639.
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
42:
2069:In 1999, Mercedes introduced Distronic, the first
1782:Porsche Active Safe (PAS), PDK transmission only.
456:2008: Volkswagen Golf 6 introduced ACC with lidar.
4573:, self-driving vehicles and enabling technologies
2895:"Acura Media Newsroom – MDX – Releases"
2011:Tiguan SEL and ATLAS SEL (2018+) ACC stop-and-go
1200:Everest (2015+, Trend and Titanium models only),
715:Vehicle models supporting adaptive cruise control
559:2015: Volvo began offering ACC on all its models.
3701:"Which cars have self driving features for 2018"
3491:"Towards autonomy: Driving the new BMW 5 Series"
27:Cruise control advanced driver-assistance system
5071:IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society
4188:"Toyota Safety Sense (TSS) Applicability Chart"
3689:2019 GMC Terrain Changes, Updates, New Features
2927:(Press release). 17 August 2009. Archived from
2335:"Press Release - Mitsubishi Motors Corporation"
2145:IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society
1826:Octavia (2013+), Fabia (2014+), Superb (2014+)
243:began offering a radar-based ACC system on the
1572:LS 460 full ACC not available in US until 2013
658:Radar-based ACC is often sold together with a
4555:
3351:
3349:
2611:"First drive: Renault gets Vel Satis-faction"
1600:(shuts off below 25 mph (40 km/h))
1076:(shuts off below 25 mph (40 km/h))
8:
5061:VisLab Intercontinental Autonomous Challenge
2639:. Robert Bosch. 9 March 2001. Archived from
1843:0 mph EyeSight Non-Radar Camera System
1620:Mazda Radar Cruise Control with Stop and Go
1466:disengages below 15 mph (24 km/h)
254:introduced laser ACC on the Japanese market
3207:Baker-Campbell, Andrew (18 December 2020).
2665:. Automotive News Europe. 24 September 2011
2533:"Subaru Legacy Lancaster ADA specification"
2400:ADAS & Autonomous Vehicle International
2370:"Technical Development - Electronics Parts"
1766:Adaptive Cruise Control with Stop & Go
1164:Adaptive Cruise Control with Stop & Go
911:Adaptive Cruise Control with Stop & Go
861:Adaptive Cruise Control with Stop & Go
678:Systems with multiple sensors can practice
5021:
4756:
4642:
4562:
4548:
4540:
4009:"2021 Mazda6: Standing Out from Its Class"
3235:"Die Technik-Highlights des neuen Audi A8"
2266:
2264:
1534:Adaptive cruise control with stop-and-go.
1140:Active Cruise Control with Stop & Go.
4446:"Mercedes S-Klasse: Panne bei Crash-Test"
1769:3008 and 5008 (2009–16), Partner (2018+)
340:introduced radar ACC (Autocruise) on the
3857:"ACC (adaptive Cruise Control) Retrofit"
3800:"2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee Owners Manual"
2465:
2463:
2418:
2416:
2396:"The history of adaptive cruise control"
753:
700:Adaptive cruise control is regulated by
489:(option on most models, standard on the
4023:"MAZDA MRCC - Active Safety Technology"
3039:"Riding shotgun in 's fastest car ever"
2717:"Low Speed ACC Finally Hits the Market"
2180:
1117:(2020+ LT, LTZ and High Country trims)
725:The three main categories of ACC are:
377:introduced radar ACC integrated with a
319:introduced radar ACC (by Bosch) on the
1149:Laser, for a limited time, now uses a
39:
4440:
4438:
4397:from the original on 13 December 2021
3176:
3174:
3172:
3141:
3139:
3112:
3110:
2188:Domonoske, Camila (25 January 2019).
1659:S (2006+), B, E, CLS, CL (2009+); A,
1478:Advanced Smart Cruise Control (ASCC)
921:(2008–16, questionable for 2005-07),
764:
761:
758:
7:
4980:Dedicated short-range communications
3832:"ACC retrofit to MY12 4.4 TDV8 help"
3532:from the original on 21 January 2022
3260:Bloch, Alexander (9 February 2011).
3233:Bloch, Alexander (18 January 2010).
3088:White, Joseph B. (10 October 2014).
1177:Charger (2015+), Challenger (2015+)
287:Dynamic Laser Cruise Control system.
3776:"2014 Jeep Cherokee Owner's Manual"
3287:Bloch, Alexander (8 January 2010).
3147:"Volvo S60 Adaptive Cruise Control"
3117:Ramsey, Jonathon (4 January 2015).
2613:. 27 September 2002. Archived from
2587:. 29 September 2000. Archived from
2140:Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
1058:/Escalade ESV (2015+ Premium trim)
5122:Advanced driver assistance systems
4667:Automated emergency braking system
4372:. 27 November 2014. Archived from
2803:"Nissan - news cite press release"
2452:. 27 November 2014. Archived from
2073:-assisted adaptive system, on the
1510:Above 20 mph (32 km/h).
1018:Regal/Regal Sportback/ Regal TourX
738:Traffic Jam Assist / Stop & Go
224:introduced "Distronic", the first
25:
4689:Advanced driver-assistance system
4598:Intelligent transportation system
3726:"Honda Cars - Sensing Technology"
3440:"Alfa Romeo Feature Availability"
3378:An Android App For Cruise Control
2394:Verpraet, Illya (8 August 2018).
2217:. Car and Driver. 3 October 2017.
1755:Intelligent Cruise Control (ICC)
439:introduced radar ACC on the 2009
299:Infiniti Q45 Third generation F50
71:advanced driver-assistance system
5127:Automotive technology tradenames
4911:Safe speed automotive common law
4387:Clarkson, Jeremy (4 July 2009),
4083:"2013 Subaru Legacy and Outback"
1101:(2018+ High Country trim only),
607:Intelligent Cruise Control (ICC)
48:
4603:Context-aware pervasive systems
4346:(Press release). Archived from
3663:(Press release). Archived from
3489:McKeegan, Noel (6 March 2017).
3391:"2016 Acura ILX Owner's Manual"
2956:(Press release). Archived from
2809:(Press release). Archived from
2753:(Press release). 17 August 2005
2703:"430: Luxury or 'ultra luxury'"
2426:(Press release). Archived from
5000:Radio-frequency identification
4724:Automated Lane Keeping Systems
4535:Federal Highway Administration
3021:"BMW – Sheer Driving Pleasure"
2979:Chrysler Group (2 June 2010).
2779:. 7 April 2006. Archived from
1216:(2015+, Premium models only),
133:, the vehicle is considered a
1:
4916:Automated lane keeping system
4657:Lane departure warning system
4452:(in German). 16 November 2005
4340:"Dynamic Laser Cruise Contro"
4053:"New SEAT Ateca – Car Safety"
2747:"2006 Acura RL – Safety"
2165:Lane departure warning system
1570:Dynamic Radar Cruise Control
768:
757:
596:Autonomous cruise control on
485:debuted its first ACC on the
5036:American Center for Mobility
5005:Automotive navigation system
4793:, formerly Google Car (2012)
4740:Automotive navigation system
4699:Intelligent speed adaptation
4588:History of self-driving cars
4497:Philips, T. (10 June 2008).
3591:Chrysler - Build & Price
2086:Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W221)
2075:Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W220)
1896:Traffic-Aware Cruise Control
1441:(2006–2014), S-Type, XJ, XF
1292:(2020+ SLT, AT4 and Denali)
933:(questionable for 2004-10),
524:Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W222)
487:sixth generation Ford Taurus
390:Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W221)
373:2005: In the United States,
351:introduced radar ACC on the
230:Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W220)
169:Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W221)
167:"Distronic Plus" display on
4694:Driver drowsiness detection
4593:Impact of self-driving cars
4390:Radar Guided Cruise Control
4370:"Innovation as a tradition"
3553:Accessed 16 September 2016.
3516:"Buick Product Information"
2450:"Innovation as a tradition"
620:-based systems work using
513:introduced ACC on the 2011
84:Control is based on sensor
5143:
4934:Self-driving car liability
4838:Automated guideway transit
4672:Collision avoidance system
3593:Accessed 9 September 2014.
3479:Accessed 6 September 2013.
2121:
2029:
1980:
1956:
1905:
1873:
1850:
1835:
1821:
1807:
1800:Adaptive Cruise with Stop
1774:
1758:
1710:
1654:
1640:
1605:
1562:
1519:
1485:
1470:
1446:
1425:
1389:Older laser based system*
1381:
1351:
1307:
1272:
1195:
1172:
1156:
1132:
1081:
1041:
1004:
964:
949:
868:
850:
804:
782:
718:
379:Collision avoidance system
366:(XF30) US market facelift.
5066:Eureka Prometheus Project
5046:European Land-Robot Trial
4965:Artificial neural network
4921:Regulation (EU) 2019/2144
4613:Smart, connected products
3380:Accessed 3 November 2011.
3090:"Aims to Leapfrog Rivals"
2030:
1981:
1957:
1906:
1874:
1851:
1836:
1822:
1808:
1790:
1775:
1759:
1726:(2016+), Sentra (2017+),
1711:
1655:
1641:
1606:
1563:
1520:
1486:
1471:
1447:
1426:
1386:EX (2010+)*, Q50 (2014+)
1382:
1352:
1308:
1273:
1196:
1173:
1157:
1133:
1082:
1042:
1005:
965:
950:
869:
851:
841:is 0 mph type, 2016
805:
783:
778:
775:
772:
769:
609:SteeringSwitch (ProPilot)
187:was the first to offer a
95:. Such systems may use a
47:
4985:Real-time Control System
4864:Freightliner Inspiration
4729:Vehicular ad hoc network
1898:(TACC) with Stop-and-Go
1499:Range Rover Sport (L320)
1234:, 2013+ Ford FLEX, 2006
496:2010: Audi introduced a
463:introduced radar ACC on
4813:Yandex self-driving car
4715:the driving environment
4682:Adaptive cruise control
4648:the driving environment
3293:Auto-motor-und-sport.de
3266:Auto-motor-und-sport.de
3239:Auto-motor-und-sport.de
3213:www.autovision-news.com
3094:The Wall Street Journal
2837:7 December 2008 at the
2051:Mercedes Distronic Plus
2034:All Volvo models 2015+
1926:(XLE Limited Edition),
1046:XTS, ATS, SRX (2013+),
954:Continental GT (2009+)
800:Motor Authority Review
765:Partial cruise control
664:lane maintaining system
267:Subaru Legacy Lancaster
63:Adaptive cruise control
4970:Computer stereo vision
4918:(unece regulation 157)
4646:Human driver monitors
3415:"2017 RDX User Manual"
2066:
1126:(2015-2016 LTZ trim),
1105:(2017+ Premier trim),
1000:Active Cruise Control
957:Follow-to-Stop option
745:Partial cruise control
614:
600:
589:
308:introduced ACC on the
301:and 2002 Infiniti QX4.
228:-assisted ACC, on the
179:
171:
37:
5056:DARPA Grand Challenge
4879:Mobility as a service
4829:Buses and commercial
4244:"Highlander brochure"
4119:"Eyesight Technology"
3914:(Press release). 2016
3888:(Press release). 2016
2832:Toyota Cruise Control
2339:mitsubishi-motors.com
2058:
762:Full speed range ACC
731:Full Speed Range 0MPH
696:Regulations and norms
606:
595:
587:
500:-guided radar ACC on
177:
166:
35:
4623:Ambient intelligence
4618:Ubiquitous computing
4509:on 24 September 2015
4376:on 29 December 2014.
4344:pressroom.toyota.com
4320:on 18 September 2018
4308:"2016 RAV4 Brochure"
3959:"Experience Amazing"
3934:"Experience Amazing"
2456:on 29 December 2014.
2235:. 25 September 2017.
1934:(Platinum Edition),
1812:LeĂłn (2012+), Ateca
1226:2015-2017 F150 2011+
674:Multi-sensor systems
360:pre-collision system
5097:Anthony Levandowski
4779:General Motors EN-V
4415:Daimler AG (2016).
4256:on 18 February 2015
4033:on 12 February 2014
3788:on 26 January 2017.
3403:on 18 January 2016.
3157:on 18 November 2011
2960:on 31 December 2014
2931:on 14 December 2009
2783:on 30 December 2014
2727:on 22 February 2012
2643:on 30 December 2014
2617:on 30 December 2014
2591:on 8 September 2008
2513:on 30 December 2014
2315:on 30 December 2014
2060:Mercedes-Benz S 450
1663:, M, G, GL (2013+)
1584:(laser and radar),
1580:(laser and radar),
1301:(2015-2016 Denali)
1153:radar-based system
755:
515:Jeep Grand Cherokee
312:(supplied by Bosch)
200:Mitsubishi Diamante
4874:Self-driving truck
4869:Driverless tractor
4704:Blind spot monitor
4628:Internet of things
4288:on 21 October 2014
4212:"Prius v brochure"
4063:on 18 January 2021
3812:on 26 January 2017
3670:on 14 October 2013
3186:www.33rdsquare.com
2813:on 27 October 2011
2285:on 11 October 2003
2155:Hands-free driving
2067:
1645:Outlander (2014+)
1504:Range Rover (L322)
1491:Range Rover (L405)
896:Prestige (2013+),
791:Any Vehicle 1990+
754:
687:Predictive systems
641:Volkswagen Touareg
615:
601:
590:
448:SsangYong Chairman
430:BMW 5 Series (E60)
331:Volkswagen Phaeton
278:BMW 7 Series - E38
180:
172:
38:
5109:
5108:
5105:
5104:
4975:Image recognition
4887:
4886:
4748:
4747:
4662:Automatic parking
4571:Self-driving cars
4503:emercedesbenz.com
4476:media.daimler.com
4421:media.daimler.com
4143:. 13 January 2015
4141:autoevolution.com
3912:media.lincoln.com
3886:media.lincoln.com
3457:"The new Audi A8"
3188:. 3 November 2023
2877:"Ssangyong Motor"
2807:nissan-global.com
2507:nissan-global.com
2374:toyota-global.com
2309:Mitsubishi Motors
2305:"Company History"
2271:Pratyush Bhatia.
2233:digitaltrends.com
2048:
2047:
2021:all generations,
1334:series III, 2015
798:with no braking.
666:which provides a
654:Assisting systems
467:in Korean market.
310:Renault Vel Satis
185:Mitsubishi Motors
178:ACC radar antenna
127:SAE International
60:
59:
16:(Redirected from
5134:
5022:
4773:Spirit of Berlin
4757:
4713:System monitors
4643:
4608:Mobile computing
4564:
4557:
4550:
4541:
4519:
4518:
4516:
4514:
4505:. Archived from
4494:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4483:
4468:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4457:
4442:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4428:
4412:
4406:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4384:
4378:
4377:
4366:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4336:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4325:
4319:
4313:. Archived from
4312:
4304:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4293:
4287:
4281:. Archived from
4280:
4276:"Camry brochure"
4272:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4255:
4249:. Archived from
4248:
4240:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4229:
4223:
4217:. Archived from
4216:
4208:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4197:
4192:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4173:
4159:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4148:
4133:
4127:
4126:
4125:. 10 April 2013.
4123:tomshardware.com
4115:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4099:on 17 April 2012
4098:
4092:. Archived from
4087:
4079:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4068:
4059:. Archived from
4049:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4038:
4029:. Archived from
4019:
4013:
4012:
4005:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3994:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3955:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3930:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3904:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3893:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3867:
3853:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3828:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3811:
3805:. Archived from
3804:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3781:. Archived from
3780:
3772:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3761:
3747:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3697:
3691:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3669:
3662:
3654:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3604:"Compare Models"
3600:
3594:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3574:
3568:
3567:
3566:. 10 April 2018.
3560:
3554:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3531:
3520:
3512:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3486:
3480:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3453:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3419:
3411:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3396:. Archived from
3395:
3387:
3381:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3353:
3344:
3343:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3284:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3178:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3153:. Archived from
3143:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3114:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3060:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3017:
3011:
3010:
3009:(Press release).
3003:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2976:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2950:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2936:
2917:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2906:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2883:(Press release).
2873:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2847:
2841:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2723:. Archived from
2713:
2707:
2706:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2691:(Press release).
2681:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2633:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2556:Fahrwerkhandbuch
2551:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2509:. Archived from
2499:
2493:
2492:
2491:(Press release).
2481:
2475:
2474:
2473:(Press release).
2467:
2458:
2457:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2420:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2366:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2311:. Archived from
2301:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2284:
2278:. Archived from
2277:
2268:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2249:. 6 January 2022
2243:
2237:
2236:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2185:
1958:Vauxhall / Opel
1464:Radar, by Bosch
1435:XK8 / XKR (X100)
1284:(2017+ Denali),
1280:(2017+ Denali),
1192:Radar, by Bosch
756:
362:appeared on the
245:Jaguar XK (X100)
137:autonomous car.
125:, as defined by
112:intelligent cars
91:
52:
51:
40:
21:
5142:
5141:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5132:
5131:
5112:
5111:
5110:
5101:
5075:
5028:
5026:
5025:Organizations,
5017:
5016:Projects &
5015:
5014:Organizations,
5009:
4942:
4936:
4924:
4883:
4830:
4824:
4807:LUTZ Pathfinder
4744:
4716:
4714:
4708:
4649:
4647:
4632:
4580:
4574:
4568:
4527:
4522:
4512:
4510:
4496:
4495:
4491:
4481:
4479:
4478:(Press release)
4470:
4469:
4465:
4455:
4453:
4444:
4443:
4436:
4426:
4424:
4423:(Press release)
4414:
4413:
4409:
4400:
4398:
4386:
4385:
4381:
4368:
4367:
4363:
4353:
4351:
4350:on 20 June 2019
4338:
4337:
4333:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4310:
4306:
4305:
4301:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4278:
4274:
4273:
4269:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4246:
4242:
4241:
4237:
4227:
4225:
4224:on 13 June 2019
4221:
4214:
4210:
4209:
4205:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4171:
4169:
4161:
4160:
4156:
4146:
4144:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4117:
4116:
4112:
4102:
4100:
4096:
4085:
4081:
4080:
4076:
4066:
4064:
4051:
4050:
4046:
4036:
4034:
4021:
4020:
4016:
4007:
4006:
4002:
3992:
3990:
3988:extremetech.com
3982:
3981:
3977:
3967:
3965:
3957:
3956:
3952:
3942:
3940:
3932:
3931:
3927:
3917:
3915:
3906:
3905:
3901:
3891:
3889:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3865:
3863:
3855:
3854:
3850:
3840:
3838:
3830:
3829:
3825:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3785:
3778:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3759:
3757:
3751:"Honda Sensing"
3749:
3748:
3744:
3734:
3732:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3709:
3707:
3699:
3698:
3694:
3687:
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3635:(Press release)
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3319:extremetech.com
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2987:(Press release)
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2901:(Press release)
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2839:Wayback Machine
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2535:(Press release)
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2430:on 4 March 2016
2422:
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2341:(Press release)
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2208:
2198:
2196:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2170:Precrash system
2150:Intelligent car
2131:
2126:
2120:
2096:Jeremy Clarkson
2053:
1942:(Japan), 2017+
1666:Distronic Plus
1573:
1571:
1439:XK / XKR (X150)
1356:Azera (2016+),
1266:, 2019+ Ranger
723:
717:
698:
689:
676:
660:precrash system
656:
610:
608:
582:
161:
152:
143:
89:
69:) is a type of
56:(example video)
49:
43:External videos
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5140:
5138:
5130:
5129:
5124:
5114:
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5107:
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5100:
5099:
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5092:Alberto Broggi
5089:
5087:Harold Goddijn
5083:
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4797:Tesla Model S
4794:
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4776:
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4754:
4750:
4749:
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4745:
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4726:
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4717:(Levels 3,4,5)
4710:
4709:
4707:
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4696:
4691:
4686:
4685:
4684:
4677:Cruise control
4674:
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4659:
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4651:
4650:(Levels 0,1,2)
4640:
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4525:External links
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4167:Automobile.com
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3580:. 24 May 2019.
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2985:prnewswire.com
2971:
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2868:
2857:. 17 June 2008
2842:
2824:
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2764:
2738:
2708:
2694:
2689:prnewswire.com
2676:
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2489:prnewswire.com
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2160:Lane centering
2157:
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2135:Autonomous car
2130:
2127:
2122:Main article:
2119:
2116:
2052:
2049:
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2045:
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2041:
2038:
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2028:
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2025:
2012:
2009:
1983:
1979:
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1961:
1959:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
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1899:
1893:
1881:(late 2014+),
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1792:
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1752:T-Spec Models
1742:
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1713:
1709:
1708:
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1667:
1664:
1657:
1656:Mercedes-Benz
1653:
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1459:Grand Cherokee
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1302:
1299:Yukon/Yukon XL
1296:
1293:
1282:Yukon/Yukon XL
1275:
1271:
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1267:
1224:
1221:
1198:
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1162:
1159:
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1147:
1141:
1138:
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1127:
1124:Tahoe/Suburban
1121:
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1103:Tahoe/Suburban
1084:
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748:
743:Vehicles with
741:
736:Vehicles with
734:
729:Vehicles with
716:
713:
697:
694:
688:
685:
675:
672:
668:power steering
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652:
581:
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131:lane centering
123:autonomous car
58:
57:
45:
44:
26:
24:
18:Distronic Plus
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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4853:Navia shuttle
4851:
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4785:MadeInGermany
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4755:
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4735:Connected car
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4583:
4579:Overview and
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3836:fullfatrr.com
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3068:AutoblogGreen
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2925:Hondanews.com
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1960:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1877:
1869:
1866:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1636:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1558:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1443:
1440:
1437:(1999–2006),
1436:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1378:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1347:
1345:
1344:Honda Odyssey
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1276:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1038:
1035:
1032:(2014–2016),
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1001:
997:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
971:
968:
961:
959:
956:
953:
946:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
913:
910:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
872:
865:
863:
860:
857:
854:
847:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
822:
819:
815:
811:
808:
801:
797:
793:
790:
788:
786:
749:
746:
742:
739:
735:
732:
728:
727:
726:
722:
714:
712:
709:
705:
703:
702:European norm
695:
693:
686:
684:
681:
680:sensor fusion
673:
671:
669:
665:
661:
653:
651:
649:
644:
642:
638:
633:
631:
630:Mercedes-Benz
625:
623:
619:
613:
612:Nissan Serena
605:
599:
594:
586:
579:
573:
569:
565:
561:
558:
555:
552:
548:
545:
541:
538:
534:
530:
527:
525:
521:
518:
516:
512:
508:
505:
503:
499:
495:
492:
488:
484:
480:
477:
473:
469:
466:
465:Hyundai Equus
462:
458:
455:
451:
449:
445:
442:
438:
434:
431:
427:
424:
420:
417:
413:
409:
406:
402:
398:
394:
391:
387:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
365:
361:
357:
354:
350:
346:
343:
339:
335:
332:
328:
324:
322:
321:Lancia Thesis
318:
314:
311:
307:
303:
300:
296:
292:
289:
286:
282:
279:
275:
271:
268:
264:
260:
257:
253:
249:
246:
242:
238:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
216:
212:
208:
205:
201:
197:
194:
190:
186:
182:
181:
176:
170:
165:
158:
156:
149:
147:
140:
138:
136:
132:
128:
124:
121:
117:
116:road capacity
113:
108:
106:
102:
98:
94:
87:
82:
79:
76:
72:
68:
64:
55:
46:
41:
34:
30:
19:
4995:Eye tracking
4943:technologies
4906:IEEE 802.11p
4819:Honda Legend
4798:
4681:
4511:. Retrieved
4507:the original
4502:
4492:
4480:. Retrieved
4475:
4466:
4454:. Retrieved
4449:
4425:. Retrieved
4420:
4410:
4399:, retrieved
4389:
4382:
4374:the original
4364:
4352:. Retrieved
4348:the original
4343:
4334:
4322:. Retrieved
4315:the original
4302:
4290:. Retrieved
4283:the original
4270:
4258:. Retrieved
4251:the original
4238:
4226:. Retrieved
4219:the original
4206:
4194:. Retrieved
4182:
4170:. Retrieved
4166:
4157:
4145:. Retrieved
4140:
4131:
4122:
4113:
4101:. Retrieved
4094:the original
4089:
4077:
4065:. Retrieved
4061:the original
4056:
4047:
4035:. Retrieved
4031:the original
4026:
4017:
4003:
3991:. Retrieved
3987:
3978:
3966:. Retrieved
3962:
3953:
3941:. Retrieved
3937:
3928:
3916:. Retrieved
3911:
3902:
3890:. Retrieved
3885:
3876:
3864:. Retrieved
3861:disco3.co.uk
3860:
3851:
3839:. Retrieved
3835:
3826:
3814:. Retrieved
3807:the original
3794:
3783:the original
3770:
3760:10 September
3758:. Retrieved
3754:
3745:
3733:. Retrieved
3729:
3720:
3708:. Retrieved
3704:
3695:
3684:
3672:. Retrieved
3665:the original
3637:. Retrieved
3632:
3623:
3611:. Retrieved
3607:
3598:
3586:
3572:
3558:
3546:
3534:. Retrieved
3522:
3510:
3498:. Retrieved
3495:newatlas.com
3494:
3484:
3472:
3460:. Retrieved
3451:
3434:
3422:. Retrieved
3420:. p. 54
3409:
3398:the original
3385:
3373:
3361:. Retrieved
3334:
3322:. Retrieved
3318:
3309:
3297:. Retrieved
3292:
3282:
3270:. Retrieved
3265:
3255:
3243:. Retrieved
3238:
3228:
3216:. Retrieved
3212:
3202:
3190:. Retrieved
3185:
3159:. Retrieved
3155:the original
3150:
3126:. Retrieved
3122:
3097:. Retrieved
3093:
3083:
3071:. Retrieved
3067:
3058:
3046:. Retrieved
3042:
3033:
3024:
3015:
3001:
2989:. Retrieved
2984:
2974:
2962:. Retrieved
2958:the original
2933:. Retrieved
2929:the original
2924:
2915:
2903:. Retrieved
2898:
2889:
2880:
2871:
2859:. Retrieved
2854:
2845:
2827:
2815:. Retrieved
2811:the original
2806:
2797:
2785:. Retrieved
2781:the original
2776:
2767:
2755:. Retrieved
2750:
2741:
2729:. Retrieved
2725:the original
2721:Ivsource.net
2720:
2711:
2697:
2688:
2679:
2667:. Retrieved
2657:
2645:. Retrieved
2641:the original
2631:
2619:. Retrieved
2615:the original
2605:
2593:. Retrieved
2589:the original
2585:Ivsource.net
2584:
2575:
2555:
2549:
2537:. Retrieved
2527:
2515:. Retrieved
2511:the original
2506:
2497:
2488:
2479:
2454:the original
2444:
2432:. Retrieved
2428:the original
2403:. Retrieved
2399:
2389:
2377:. Retrieved
2373:
2343:. Retrieved
2338:
2329:
2317:. Retrieved
2313:the original
2308:
2299:
2287:. Retrieved
2280:the original
2251:. Retrieved
2241:
2232:
2223:
2209:
2197:. Retrieved
2193:
2183:
2109:
2103:
2100:
2089:
2083:
2068:
2035:
1855:Swift 2017+
1514:
1511:
1506:(2010–2012)
1502:
1501:(2005–2013)
1465:
1330:(USA), 2007
1242:, 2013-2016
1036:(2014–2015)
999:
799:
784:Aftermarket
744:
737:
730:
724:
710:
706:
699:
690:
677:
657:
645:
639:or the 2010
634:
626:
616:
544:Tesla Motors
537:Chrysler 200
423:Lexus LS 460
353:Cadillac XLR
344:in late 2002
153:
144:
141:Consumer Use
109:
103:sensor or a
83:
66:
62:
61:
29:
4901:Legislation
4848:ParkShuttle
3993:24 November
3608:ford.com.au
3462:17 February
3340:"Iso 15622"
3295:(in German)
3268:(in German)
3241:(in German)
3161:13 November
3128:26 February
2964:30 December
2817:30 December
2787:30 December
2517:30 December
2434:30 December
2319:30 December
2289:30 December
2118:Aftermarket
1982:Volkswagen
1642:Mitsubishi
1525:Continental
1487:Land Rover
1340:Honda Pilot
929:(2008–12),
925:(2007–15),
852:Alfa Romeo
441:Lincoln MKS
416:Nissan Fuga
370:deactivate.
256:Nissan Cima
202:introduced
86:information
5116:Categories
5029:and events
4893:Regulation
4638:SAE Levels
4172:12 October
4147:13 January
4090:subaru.com
3735:14 January
3639:14 January
3613:14 January
3536:28 October
3424:2 December
3324:23 October
3299:12 October
3272:12 October
3245:12 October
3073:10 October
3048:10 October
2935:12 October
2905:12 October
2881:smotor.com
2861:12 October
2757:12 October
2731:12 October
2669:19 January
2647:19 January
2621:19 January
2595:12 October
2345:14 January
2199:25 January
2176:References
1865:Sx4 Scross
1707:Distronic
1457:2011–2013
1414:FX35/45/50
1264:Super Duty
1210:Expedition
1143:2007–2014
1083:Chevrolet
719:See also:
502:Audi A8#D4
327:Volkswagen
5027:projects
4941:Enabling
4929:Liability
4801:Autopilot
4067:6 October
4027:mazda.com
3963:lexus.com
3938:lexus.com
3755:honda.com
3730:honda.com
3523:buick.com
3151:Volvo.com
2124:openpilot
2004:(2014+),
2000:(2013+),
1996:(2011+),
1992:(2014+),
1990:Passat B8
1988:(2010+),
1863:(2015+),
1734:(2018+),
1730:(2017+),
1722:(2016+),
1718:(2015+),
1626:(2014+),
1613:(2017+),
1578:LS430/460
1552:(2013+),
1548:(2011+),
1544:(2010+),
1540:(2009+),
1527:(2017+),
1383:Infiniti
1372:(2010+),
1360:(2012+),
1336:Honda CRV
1288:(2019+),
1212:(2018+),
1208:(2018+),
1204:(2017+),
1134:Chrysler
1115:Silverado
1113:(2019+),
1109:(2019+),
1097:(2017+),
1093:(2016+),
1089:(2014+),
1050:(2014+),
1043:Cadillac
1020:(2016+),
1016:(2017+),
1012:(2018+),
991:(2000+),
904:(2016+),
900:(2013+),
892:(2007+),
888:(2013+),
884:(2011+);
880:(2010+),
816:(2014+),
812:(2014+),
567:highways.
551:Ford F150
476:Acura ZDX
472:Acura MDX
4858:NuTonomy
4843:CAVForth
4831:vehicles
4753:Vehicles
4395:archived
4196:26 April
4057:seat.com
3918:16 March
3892:16 March
3866:17 March
3841:17 March
3705:cars.com
3633:ford.com
3527:Archived
3525:. 2016.
3477:USA News
3123:Autoblog
3099:21 March
3043:Engadget
2835:Archived
2129:See also
2091:Top Gear
2079:CL-Class
2077:and the
1998:Golf Mk7
1966:Insignia
1946:, 2010+
1867:(2016+)
1797:(2019+)
1776:Porsche
1760:Peugeot
1738:(2020+)
1634:(2016+)
1556:(2015+)
1531:(2017+)
1521:Lincoln
1493:(2013+)
1376:(2017+)
1353:Hyundai
1338:, 2016+
1262:, 2017+
1258:, 2011+
1254:, 2010+
1230:, 2017+
1228:Explorer
1220:(2018+)
1158:Citroen
1099:Traverse
1056:Escalade
1030:Lacrosse
1024:(2017+)
1022:Lacrosse
1014:Envision
995:(2014+)
951:Bentley
908:(2016+)
858:(2016+)
820:(2015+)
564:Cadillac
533:Chrysler
383:Acura RL
364:Lexus LS
349:Cadillac
295:Infiniti
234:CL-Class
232:and the
222:Mercedes
193:Debonair
90:on-board
78:vehicles
4581:context
4513:11 July
4482:11 July
4456:11 July
4427:11 July
4401:11 July
4324:29 June
4292:30 June
4260:30 June
4228:30 June
4103:6 April
4037:6 April
3968:4 March
3943:4 March
3816:7 April
3710:25 July
3674:19 July
3500:9 March
3218:15 July
3192:15 July
3025:bmw.com
2991:6 April
2855:Bmw.com
2379:6 April
2253:15 July
2194:NPR.org
2023:Touareg
2019:Phaeton
1994:Touareg
1986:Phaeton
1944:Corolla
1940:Corolla
1938:, 2009
1936:Avensis
1932:Sequoia
1922:, 2004
1920:Celsior
1907:Toyota
1891:Model Y
1887:Model 3
1883:Model X
1879:Model S
1852:Suzuki
1837:Subaru
1750:Primera
1712:Nissan
1701:, 2012
1427:Jaguar
1374:Elantra
1370:Genesis
1362:Genesis
1342:, 2018
1326:, 2013
1322:, 2005
1320:Inspire
1286:Terrain
1238:, 2013
1214:Mustang
1188:Durango
1186:, 2011
1184:Charger
1111:Equinox
1072:, 2006
1068:, 2005
1010:Enclave
975:Series
837:, 2016
776:Models
770:Models
637:Audi A8
598:VW Golf
461:Hyundai
453:driver.
437:Lincoln
401:Audi Q7
396:system.
342:Audi A8
306:Renault
215:Celsior
159:History
150:Pricing
135:Level 2
120:Level 1
93:sensors
5080:People
5051:Navlab
5018:People
4821:(2021)
4815:(2017)
4809:(2015)
4803:(2015)
4787:(2011)
4781:(2010)
4775:(2007)
4769:(1994)
3359:. 2018
2563:
2405:1 July
2063:4MATIC
2031:Volvo
2015:Passat
1970:Zafira
1928:Avalon
1924:Sienna
1875:Tesla
1870:Radar
1861:Vitara
1823:Skoda
1724:Altima
1720:Maxima
1716:Murano
1628:Mazda3
1624:Mazda6
1607:Mazda
1598:LX 570
1596:, and
1594:ES 350
1564:Lexus
1328:Accord
1324:Legend
1309:Honda
1290:Sierra
1278:Acadia
1256:Taurus
1252:Galaxy
1244:Fusion
1236:Mondeo
1232:Fiesta
1202:Fusion
1174:Dodge
1107:Blazer
1091:Malibu
1087:Impala
1006:Buick
856:Giulia
845:, RDX
806:Acura
796:OpenCV
779:Notes
773:Notes
648:Subaru
572:Toyota
570:2017:
562:2017:
542:2014:
531:2014:
509:2010:
481:2010:
459:2009:
435:2008:
412:Nissan
410:2006:
388:2005:
347:2003:
336:2002:
325:2002:
317:Lancia
315:2002:
304:2001:
293:2001:
285:LS 430
272:2000:
263:Subaru
261:1999:
252:Nissan
250:1999:
241:Jaguar
239:1999:
220:1999:
211:Toyota
209:1997:
198:1995:
183:1992:
105:camera
4990:rFpro
4960:LIDAR
4955:Laser
4950:Radar
4791:Waymo
4731:(V2V)
4450:Stern
4354:6 May
4318:(PDF)
4311:(PDF)
4286:(PDF)
4279:(PDF)
4254:(PDF)
4247:(PDF)
4222:(PDF)
4215:(PDF)
4191:(PDF)
4097:(PDF)
4086:(PDF)
3810:(PDF)
3803:(PDF)
3786:(PDF)
3779:(PDF)
3668:(PDF)
3661:(PDF)
3530:(PDF)
3519:(PDF)
3443:(PDF)
3418:(PDF)
3401:(PDF)
3394:(PDF)
3363:6 May
2539:6 May
2283:(PDF)
2276:(PDF)
2111:Stern
2071:radar
2006:Jetta
1974:Astra
1948:Prius
1918:1997
1809:SEAT
1744:1998
1736:Titan
1669:1998
1576:2000
1448:Jeep
1392:2006
1358:Equus
1318:2003
1248:S-Max
1218:Focus
1206:F-150
1197:Ford
1182:2011
1151:Bosch
1064:2004
1034:Regal
870:Audi
825:2005
794:Uses
759:Make
622:LIDAR
618:Laser
580:Types
405:Bosch
375:Acura
226:radar
204:laser
189:lidar
101:laser
97:radar
88:from
5041:DAVI
4860:taxi
4799:with
4767:VaMP
4760:Cars
4515:2017
4484:2017
4458:2017
4429:2017
4403:2017
4356:2022
4326:2016
4294:2016
4262:2016
4230:2016
4198:2017
4174:2011
4149:2015
4105:2012
4069:2016
4039:2015
3995:2017
3970:2021
3945:2021
3920:2021
3894:2021
3868:2021
3843:2021
3818:2013
3762:2015
3737:2017
3712:2018
3676:2012
3641:2017
3615:2017
3551:IIHS
3538:2022
3502:2017
3464:2010
3426:2016
3365:2022
3326:2019
3301:2011
3274:2011
3247:2011
3220:2024
3194:2024
3163:2011
3130:2017
3101:2015
3075:2014
3050:2014
2993:2015
2966:2014
2937:2011
2907:2011
2863:2011
2819:2014
2789:2015
2759:2011
2733:2011
2671:2015
2649:2015
2623:2015
2597:2011
2561:ISBN
2541:2022
2519:2014
2436:2014
2407:2023
2381:2015
2347:2017
2321:2014
2291:2015
2255:2024
2201:2019
2002:Polo
1791:Ram
1746:Cima
1732:Leaf
1728:Note
1632:CX-5
1615:CX-9
1611:CX-5
1472:Kia
1406:QX56
1332:CR-V
1274:GMC
1260:Edge
1240:Kuga
1145:300C
1095:Volt
993:Mini
966:BMW
511:Jeep
483:Ford
338:Audi
75:road
73:for
1699:CLK
1679:CLS
1661:CLA
1554:MKC
1550:MKZ
1546:MKX
1542:MKT
1538:MKS
1529:MKZ
1418:G37
1410:G35
1402:Q45
1074:DTS
1070:STS
1066:XLR
1052:ELR
1048:CTS
843:ILX
839:MDX
835:ZDX
831:MDX
818:TLX
814:MDX
810:RLX
498:GPS
491:SHO
274:BMW
67:ACC
5118::
4501:.
4474:.
4448:.
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