Knowledge (XXG)

Diplomatic uniform

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982: 781: 1252: 1312: 1145: 1287:(ambassadors, high commissioners, etc.) on formal occasions such as the presentation of credentials. As worn by Deputy Heads of Mission, the uniform consists of a dark blue single-breasted tail coat, lined with black silk, with gilt buttons; the stand collar and gauntlet cuffs are faced with black velvet and edged with gilt braiding; this is worn with dark trousers or skirt, a bicorn hat, white gloves and a gold-mounted sword. Heads of Mission have, in addition, gold embroidery on the collar and cuffs, gold stripes on the trousers and a white ostrich-feather edging to the hat. This form of uniform was introduced in the 1950s. 1273: 740: 1103: 22: 456: 267: 256: 207: 196: 127: 116: 463: 240: 180: 105: 5586: 1323:; these consisted of a blue gold-embroidered coat, white breeches and stockings, a sword and a cocked hat with a black cockade. U.S. diplomats routinely designed and wore uniforms of their own choosing until 1817, when the State Department formally prescribed a uniform for ministers based on the one issued for the Ghent mission. This uniform was recommended for use by all ministers abroad by Secretary of State 708:, a long military-style coat, as the general state uniform for high-ranking officials. Military uniform was worn instead of court uniform by military officers and by those political figures who were reserve officers, which included most diplomats. It was practically impossible under the Empire for one to be a civil servant or a state secretary of ministerial rank without also being a reserve officer. 605: 4857: 475: 570:. A detailed study of contemporary uniforms, both military and civil, published in 1929 gives descriptions of the diplomatic uniforms still being worn by representatives of the majority of states then in existence. These included most European nations and a number of Latin American and Asian countries. It is however noted that several states which had only been created following 1099:(NKID) instructed the revolutionary diplomats to wear jackets on formal occasions. From 1923 to 1924, Moscow newspapers debated whether the wearing of civilian Western dress and thereby "bourgeois society symbols, which are totally alien to the spirit of the Workers' and Peasants' State" was appropriate, and there were calls for a Soviet diplomatic uniform to be introduced. 437: 163: 76: 1177: 551:. In several countries, diplomatic uniforms were among the first civilian (as opposed to military) uniforms to be adopted. Apart from saving diplomats (who now increasingly were not independently wealthy) the expense of maintaining a full court wardrobe, diplomatic uniforms served to emphasize the importance of the office and to deemphasize the person of its holder. 1040:: it added a further gold embroidered trim of intertwined oak and olive-leaf along the edge of the chest embroidery, continuing along the edge of the tails, as well as an identical trim around the edge of the cuffs. The cocked hat for Ambassadors, was now to be lined with white feathers, as opposed to the black feathers worn by those of inferior diplomatic rank. 430: 174: 87: 1225: 5598: 1051:. This served to distinguish between career diplomats and political appointees, the latter of which were immediately entitled to use the elaborately embroidered uniform; the former retained their less ornate uniform from their time as Counsellor as a mark of seniority, changing only the colour of the feathers on the edging of their hats from black to white. 656:
design on their dark blue "swallow-tail" coats. Belgian diplomats of all ranks had "royal blue" tail coats and retained the 18th century fashion of white breeches and stockings with low shoes. Today, Belgian diplomats wear blue and gold waist sashes, Spanish diplomats red cuffs on their dark blue tail-coats, and Danish diplomats distinctive red coats.
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Ambassadors. Secretaries were similar to counsellors but did not have embroidery on the collar. Counsellors, secretaries and attachés had black ostrich feathers on a bicorne. Consuls and their staff did not have feathers in bicornes or full embroidery on their chest. Sabres were also used, and buttons on the uniform had a depiction of the
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which it was worn. These included plain uniforms without gold braid for office wear, plus white knee breeches and stocking for court functions when royalty were present. Peaked caps and epaulettes of military style were specified for street wear or informal occasions when the bicorn or braided tailcoat was considered unsuitable.
2442:"@DanielNixon_ @theallysonkenny @UKinHolySee @UKinPeru It is a diplomatic uniform, once widely worn by diplomats, now only surviving in a few places like the Holy See, Spain and Thailand. The UK Foreign Office introduced a version for women in 2013. I am the only female British ambassador who wears one, as far as I know" 652:, which underwent rapid changes throughout the 19th and early 20th century, the diplomatic uniforms tended to keep their traditional design. While the uniforms of the different foreign services generally shared the common features noted above, there were considerable national differences, though often of minor detail. 1248:
by varying widths of gold embroidery). Members of the Consular Service wore court uniforms with silver braiding according to rank, in contrast to the gold of diplomatic officers. The King's or Queen's Foreign Service Messengers were entitled to '5th Class' court uniform, upgraded to '4th Class' in 1929.
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Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, left, former Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov, center, both wearing official Russian diplomatic uniform, and Head of the Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Yevgeny Primakov, former Prime Minister, share a laugh after a meeting marking the professional holiday
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with a black feather border. The decree stipulated the diplomatic uniform was to be worn during ceremonies and "in those countries in which the use of a diplomatic uniform is deemed necessary". It also prescribed an alternative uniform for use "in countries where it is customary to wear ": "dark blue
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Ambassadors wore '1st Class' court uniform, with additional gold embroidery on the sleeve and back seams. More junior officers wore different classes of uniform with simplified braiding on cuffs and collars only, as specified for their rank or appointment, (the classes of uniform were differentiated
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In 1834, the Russian Empire introduced diplomatic uniforms. As worn until 1917 these were of dark green (almost black) cloth with bicorn hats and braiding according to rank. Regulations introduced in 1904 specified six variations of the dark green uniform, depending on the nature of the occasion for
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for formal occasions and presentation of credentials, such a change would require a law passed by Congress, since it is specified in the Foreign Service Act of 1946, section 1001, that "no officer or employee" of the Foreign Service was to "wear any uniform except such as may be authorized by law."
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But it was not until 1943 that a uniform was introduced for NKID staff, consisting of a three-piece uniform suit with gold-plated buttons and shoulder straps. The everyday uniform was grey and the dress uniform, which included a dagger, was black. Accoutrements included a coat, raincoat, hat and an
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still wore a double-breasted black uniform (or white for the ones assigned to a country with a tropical climate) with gold braided cuffs and collar patches when attending credential presentations by foreign ambassadors, as late as the 1980s. Following the breakup of the Soviet Union these uniforms
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Thus, as examples, French ambassadors were distinguished by pearl-handled court swords with gold and silk frogs (sword attachments), their Portuguese colleagues by oak leaves and acorns represented in gold embroidery on their dress coats, while Norwegian diplomats wore gold embroidery of pine cone
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shows the ambassadors of Monaco, the Netherlands, Thailand, the United Kingdom, Spain, France, and Belgium all clad in diplomatic uniform. In recent decades, some ambassadors from Cambodia, Denmark, France, Italy, Portugal, and Kyrgyzstan have also been seen in uniform at the presentation of their
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On 4 December 1886, the designs of the court uniforms for civil officials were modified, but the designs for junior officials were not updated; due to the high cost of formal court dress, junior civil officials wore standard white tie court dress from then on. On 2 March 1908, an Imperial edict
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used diplomatic uniforms, similar to other European countries. Ambassadors and ministers had full embroidery of oak leaves on their chests, collars and cuffs, and white ostrich feathers on a bicorne. Counsellors did not have full embroidery on their chests, but had similar collars and cuffs to
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released an edict on 12 December 1872, implementing regulations for the uniforms of civil officials and nobles, and issuing another edict on 29 December of that year regulating their proper wear. Three of the highest subcategories of civil officials were allocated specific court (diplomatic)
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While most countries abandoned diplomatic uniforms at some time during the 20th century, several long-established foreign services have retained them for wear by senior staff on ceremonial occasions such as the formal presentation of credentials by ambassadors. A photo of the 2001 New Year's
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In response to what was perceived as the excessive ostentatiousness of some of these individualized uniforms, Congress banned diplomatic uniforms altogether in 1867, by passing a resolution forbidding diplomatic officials to wear "any uniform or official costume not previously authorized by
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of 25 June 2008, No. 112, converted into law on 6 August 2008, No. 133, in particular the article No. 24, annex "A" No. 334, repealed the 1928 royal decree. Currently it is not clear whether the diplomatic uniform is still formally authorised or not, since the 1948
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Until about 1965 Foreign Office Regulations and Consular Instructions had required even junior foreign service officers to acquire this formal dress, following completion of their probation period. However, by the end of the 20th century the use of this uniform had greatly diminished.
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The current Swedish diplomatic uniform consists of a dark blue tailcoat with gold olive-leaf embroidery on the collar, chest and cuffs with gilt buttons. Dark blue trousers with gold stripes, dark blue cape and a bicorne with a white plume are also worn, plus white gloves and a gilt
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for ceremonial events and a simpler version for less formal occasions which nevertheless required the use of uniform dress. Unlike their military and naval counterparts, diplomats did not wear uniforms for everyday purposes but substituted the appropriate civilian clothing.
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ceased to be worn in 1991, though they were not formally abolished. In 2001 a black diplomatic uniform was re-introduced resembling the former Soviet model except for new insignia and blue-green collar patches. Russia now maintains such uniforms for wear on rare occasions.
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established substitute court uniforms for diplomats dispatched to the tropics or very hot areas. Later, on 29 September 1926, another Imperial edict established alternative court uniforms and court dress, consisting of white tropical tunics, for Japanese officials in the
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British diplomats wore the official court uniform consisting of a dark blue button-down high-collar jacket with gold oak-leaf embroidery on the collar, chest, cuffs and long tails; white breeches were worn, or else dark blue trousers with gold stripes, and a
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were less likely to have authorised uniforms than their diplomatic colleagues and where consular uniforms existed they were generally of simpler style. As an example, the British Consular Service had silver braiding rather than the gold of diplomats.
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Although they are not mentioned in the pieces of legislation that describe the diplomatic uniform, it is customary to wear white gloves as part of the full uniform. At indoors receptions in Portugal (usually, that means at the palaces of
1020:, First and Second Class, the coatee's collar, chest, cuffs, pocket flaps and tails edge were all to be decorated with gold embroidery; lower-rank diplomats did not bear gold embroidery on their chest. The buttons were gilt and bore the 1029:
cloth trousers and a coatee of the same cloth, to be worn unbuttoned, with a velvet collar and gilt buttons embossed with the arms of the Portuguese Republic; a waistcoat of the same cloth and bearing identical buttons, and white tie".
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The wearing of uniform by all Soviet diplomats on formal occasions was officially discontinued in 1954; thereafter only ambassadors continued to wear the dress uniform, without the dagger, on special occasions. Senior officials of the
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The regulations of the Swiss department of foreign affairs of 1915 instructed Swiss diplomats to wear "a uniform or a frock coat" when presenting their credentials. Swiss diplomats received a blue uniform with golden embroideries of
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The uniform appears to have been abandoned some time after World War II, to the dismay of some diplomats: There was an "association for the reintroduction of the diplomatic uniform" as of 1987, founded and led by Secretary of State
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Japanese court and diplomatic dress ceased to be worn after World War II, with the abolition of the pertinent Imperial Household Agency edicts (effective 2 May 1947) and the pertinent Dajō-kan edicts on 1 July 1954, respectively.
993:, the first official description of the diplomatic uniform was only coded into law on 4 January 1913, in order to expressly harmonise it with the new national symbols of the Portuguese Republic, established as a result of the 2274: 1602: 904:) with gold-embroidered paulownia leaves and ornamentation in patterns and in areas of the coat corresponding to the respective category. The uniform coat was worn with a wool vest (waistcoat) in black or dark gray ( 1294:
and by certain senior Foreign Office officials. A tropical version is also worn in Thailand. A version for women was introduced in 2013; previously they only had the option of a silver-gilt badge of office (the
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blue, except for a hot-weather version which was white. By Decree of the President of the Republic No. 1125 of 21 June 1948, Fascist and royal emblems were replaced with republican symbols. Subsequently the
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Congress". Later in 1867, this ban was suspended and revoked, and diplomatic uniforms were again worn until 1911. This caused some discomfort to American diplomats, who now had to appear "underdressed", in
1047:, there is a tradition amongst members of the Portuguese diplomatic service to keep their uniforms unaltered and not add the additional oak-leaf gold embroidery on the chest upon reaching the rank of 1338:), a black cockade and eagle, and a steel-mounted sword with white scabbard. This uniform was not mandatory, and some officials wore more brilliant uniforms according to their own taste. In 1853, 2390:
Das BAWI und die Herausforderung der Aussenwirtschaft. Einführungsreferat von Staatssekretär Franz Blankart, Direktor des Bundesamtes für Aussenwirtschaft, Botschafterkonferenz 1987, 27.8.1987
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Independent Documents: Tables and Illustrations on Revised Ceremonial Dress Code for Civil Officials: Officials under Imperial Appointment and Officials Appointed with the Emperor's Approval
2011: 679:(French clothes). Worn for ceremonial occasions by all ranks of the diplomatic service until World War II, these richly decorated garments were retained for ambassadors only until 1960. 1560:"STOCK IMAGE – His Excellency JEAN GUEGUINOU French Diplomatist Ambassador to the United Kingdom COMPULSORY CREDIT: UPPA/Photoshot Photo URK 006923/C-29 01.12.1993 by www.DIOMEDIA.com" 1330:
The Jackson administration simplified the uniform in 1829, which now consisted of a black coat with a gold star on each side of the collar, black or white breeches, a three-cornered
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The diplomatic uniform, as described in the 1913 decree, comprised "dark blue gold-striped cloth trousers and a single-breasted coatee of the same cloth with a stand collar". For
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period. The final period during which the majority of diplomatic services retained formal uniforms for the accredited members of their overseas missions was that prior to
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Royal Decree No. 1038 of 8 March 1928 established uniforms for diplomatic and consular officers, consular commissioners and interpreters. The uniform was of dark
1895: 997:. The matter of an updated uniform bearing the new national symbols not having been issued shortly following the revolution had been noticed as early as 1911, when 1509: 4940: 775: 2393:(in German), Diplomatische Dokumente der Schweiz | Documents diplomatiques suisses | Documenti diplomatici svizzeri | Diplomatic Documents of Switzerland | Dodis 1214: 503: 361: 2858: 1096: 723:
designed the "startling" Nazi diplomatic uniform, consisting of a dark blue tailcoat whose modern lapels were embroidered with silver oak leaves, a silver
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The uniform is worn today by British representatives to certain jurisdictions, including the Holy See, Spain and Thailand. In addition, it is worn by the
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Goldbestickte Uniformen, Zweispitz und weisse Handschuhe tragen unsere Diplomaten selbst bei den allerfeierlichsten Anlässen seit Jahrzehnten nicht mehr
780: 1251: 5077: 1369: 2244: 1033: 945:) could also wear the established uniforms corresponding to their rank, as could former or serving officers of the Imperial Japanese military. 748: 2767: 2699: 2655: 2228: 2078: 1860: 1311: 574:, had not adopted diplomatic uniforms and that others had discarded them. The uniforms described are nearly all of the traditional style of 531:, they were abandoned by most countries in the twentieth century, but diplomats from some countries retain them for rare, formal occasions. 1384:
directing that no person in the diplomatic or consular service should wear a uniform or official costume not previously authorized by the
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plumes. A white uniform, with similar but detachable panels of gold embroidery on the collar and cuffs, was worn in tropical postings.
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Elaborately embroidered dress for French diplomats, counsellors of state and other high ranking civilian officials evolved during the
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Hiroshi Saitō, the Japanese ambassador to the United States, wearing the Imperial Japanese diplomatic uniform with its distinctive
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Diplomatic reception, West Germany, 1961. The Danish ambassador wears a red diplomatic uniform, the British ambassador a dark one.
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level used standard white-tie court dress. However, the higher-ranking among these affixed symbols of their ranks to each cuff.
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Portuguese diplomatic uniform (Consul, First or Second Class), 1907; it remains mostly identical to the one still in use today.
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Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros, Direcção-Geral dos Negócios Políticos e da Administração Interna (20 September 1940).
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The standard diplomatic uniform for officials in the three primary categories of the Imperial Japanese diplomatic service (
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Several non-European courts adopted European-style diplomatic uniforms during the 19th century. Notably, Japan during the
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with cuffs and a standing collar of black velvet, decorated with oak leaf scrolls embroidered in gold. In 1888, the
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Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros, Direcção-Geral dos Negócios Políticos e Diplomáticos (10 January 1913).
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Russian ambassador Alexander Konuzin in uniform, presenting his letters of credence to the Serbian President
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for use on formal occasions, but remained free to wear a frock coat or their own military uniform instead.
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The diplomatic uniform is typically worn by Swedish officials accompanying foreign ambassadors to their
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Fred Gilbert Blakeslee, page 225, "Uniforms of the World", published by E.P. Dutten & Co. Ltd, 1929
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Fred Gilbert Blakeslee, page 311, "Uniforms of the World", published by E.P. Dutten & Co. Ltd, 1929
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Davis, Robert Ralph (1968). "Diplomatic Plumage: American Court Dress in the Early National Period".
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Bertil Roth (right), wearing Swedish diplomatic uniform, introducing the U.S. Ambassador to Sweden,
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from some countries at public occasions. Introduced by European states around 1800 and patterned on
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Law No. 203 1 July 1954. Act on the Adjustment of Cabinet and Prime Ministerial Laws and Ordinances
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issued a circular recommending that U.S. diplomats wear "the simple dress of an American citizen."
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Dress and Insignia Worn at His Majesty's Court, Issued With the Authority of the Lord Chamberlain
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court was another non-European court that adopted the uniforms, which were introduced during the
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introduced European uniforms instead of traditional clothing for all officials in 1872. The
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attracted considerable attention when he was one of the few foreign representatives at the
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While there has continued to be discussion on the idea of reintroducing uniforms for the
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Female UK diplomatic uniform, as worn by the Vice-Marshal of the Diplomatic Corps in 2014
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and a loud "Heil Hitler!" by a German prisoner of war who mistook him for an SS officer.
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ornate cap with the diplomatic insignia. The black dress uniform was similar to the Nazi
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regime, which had a general fondness for uniforms, reintroduced them. The stage designer
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Diplomatic uniforms generally followed 19th century court fashion and usually included a
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Hackspiel-Mikosch, Elisabeth (2005). "Uniforms, diplomatic". In Steele, Valerie (ed.).
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Diplomatic Protocol 2.0: Tradition and Innovation at the service of foreign affairs
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American diplomats were first issued uniforms for the mission concluding the 1814
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made slight changes to the uniforms to further distinguish those with the rank of
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page 14 Armes Militaria 280 "La broderie militaire, une evocation", Novembre 2008
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was distinguished by the amount and quality of the embroidery. In contrast to
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Uniformed American representatives (left) signing the Treaty of Ghent in 1814
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wearing the current diplomatic uniform with insignia of Grand Officer of the
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Taireifuku oyobi tsūjōreifuku wo sadame, ikan wo saifuku to nasu nado no ken
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For a period of time, U.S. diplomats and consular officers wore modified
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with braiding according to grade, from third secretaries to ambassadors.
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Image from the 1943 Soviet regulations concerning the diplomatic uniform
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Western Clothes, Cut Hair, No Swords: The Meiji Restoration of Clothing
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encircled by the words "Her Majesty's Diplomatic Service") hung from a
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Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
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On the battlefields of the cold war: a Soviet ambassador's confession
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JACAR (Japan Center for Asian Historical Records) Ref.A07090081700.
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Until the late 18th century, diplomats (who usually belonged to the
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Risk, James; Pownall, Henry; Stanley, David; Tamplin, John (2001).
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Corps
1310: 1271: 1250: 1223: 1175: 1143: 1101: 1074: 980: 779: 738: 603: 409: 20: 4626: 4503: 4475: 4445: 4265: 4139: 3885: 3518: 3350: 2961: 2951: 1997:
Naikaku oyobi sourifu kankei hourei no seiri ni kansuru houritsu
1761:
Gazzetta Ufficiale,, n. 195 del 21 agosto 2008 – Serie generale"
1588:(in French). Paris: Les éditions de l'Amateur. pp. 154–155. 724: 716: 234: 4874: 2799: 2760:
Nach Rang und Stand: Deutsche Ziviluniformen im 19. Jahrhundert
3757: 2904: 2882: 2331: 989:
Although the diplomatic uniform was already in use during the
882:) consisted of a black wool frock coat with gold-embroidered 1610:. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Italy. 2014. Archived from 2795: 644:
with gold similar to the uniforms of high court officials.
2388: 2012:"Mundur służby dyplomatyczno-konsularnej w okresie II RP" 1032:
On 19 September 1940, a ministerial order issued by the
1067:), neither gloves, nor cocked hat, nor sword are worn. 1001:, the first Minister Plenipotentiary to be sent to the 2185:. Russian Embassy in Chile (originally published in 2157:
Diário do Govêrno n. 227/1940, Série I de 1940-09-28
1780:"Gazzetta Ufficiale del Regno D'Italia, Parte Prima" 5530: 5504: 5406: 5230: 5159: 5139: 5111: 5055: 5022: 5006: 4961: 4928: 4919: 4912: 4735: 4674: 4665: 4537: 4494: 4436: 4358: 4310: 4110: 4029: 3903: 3884: 3844: 3776: 3750: 3736: 3663: 3613: 3526: 3512: 3349: 3199: 3060: 2970: 2868: 2784:
Russian and Soviet diplomatic uniforms (in Russian)
2694:. Greenwood Press. pp. 148–150(1999 edition). 2594:. Lingfield, Surrey: Third Millennium. p. 103. 2281:(in Swedish). Royal Court of Sweden. Archived from 2647:American Diplomacy and the Furtherance of Commerce 2130:Diário do Govêrno n. 8/1913, Série I de 1913-01-10 1667:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kyrgyz Republic 1433: 632:"). There were normally at least two versions, a 1963:Imperial Household Ordinance No. 12 2 May 1947. 1488:. Creative Media Partners, LLC. pp. 45–46. 1427: 1425: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1417: 1415: 1413: 2061: 2059: 2057: 1995: 1964: 1822:Taireifuku oyobi tsūjōreifuku chakuyoubi no ken 1820: 1793: 846: 830: 814: 2262:in Moscow, Wednesday, 10 Feb. 2010. (AP Photo) 1989: 1971: 1827: 1800: 938: 932: 923: 917: 911: 905: 899: 893: 887: 877: 871: 865: 840: 824: 808: 797: 776:Court uniform and dress in the Empire of Japan 16:Uniforms worn by diplomats on formal occasions 4886: 2811: 2691:U.S. Department of State: A Reference History 2650:. Scribner's. pp. 62–63 (2009 reprint). 2359:""Diplomatie" – zum Handbuch von Paul Widmer" 1966:Kōshitsurei oyobi fuzoku hourei haishi no ken 1215:Court uniform and dress in the United Kingdom 760: 711:Diplomatic uniforms were abandoned under the 497: 8: 2305:"Aeplis Diplomaten-Uniform im HVM St.Gallen" 2212: 2210: 2208: 1584:Berthod, Bernard; Blanchard, Pierre (2001). 1484:Trendell, Herbert A. P. (28 February 2019). 1376:continue to do so today. In 1937, President 973:, however, does not use diplomatic uniform. 700: 674: 2636: 2634: 2632: 2119: 2117: 2115: 1894:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1280:A simplified diplomatic uniform is worn by 821:, non-Imperially appointed senior officials 766:presidential decree has not been repealed. 612:, wearing Belgian diplomatic uniform (2011) 4925: 4916: 4893: 4879: 4871: 4671: 3900: 3896: 3747: 3523: 2818: 2804: 2796: 1361:who was not in civil or military uniform. 1231:wearing the old-style Ambassador's uniform 1184:in uniform as ambassador to Austria, 1890s 628:, a sword and a two-cornered plumed hat (" 504: 490: 28: 2176: 2174: 1819:Dajō-kan Edict No. 373 29 December 1872. 1792:Dajō-kan Edict No. 339 12 December 1872. 1097:People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs 691:diplomats received as uniforms dark blue 2275:"Högtidliga audienser: UD:s introduktör" 2041:Dziennik Ustaw Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej 1729:"New Danish Ambassador in Great Britain" 1370:Public Health Service Commissioned Corps 640:Diplomatic uniforms were usually richly 2565:"New Director of Protocol takes office" 2217:Israėli︠a︡n, Viktor Levonovich (2003). 1409: 40: 1887: 749:Order of Merit of the Italian Republic 5078:Conseiller chargé des investissements 2762:(in German). Deutsches Textilmuseum. 2435: 2433: 2412:"Diplomatic Uniforms at the Holy See" 1005:by the republican government, had to 7: 5597: 2440:Axworthy, Sally (14 October 2018). 2223:. Penn State Press. pp. 20–21. 2153:"Portaria de 19 de Setembro de 1940" 1597: 1595: 1436:Encyclopedia of Clothing and Fashion 4819:Global trade of secondhand clothing 2471:Simon, McDonald (31 August 2020). 1855:] (in Japanese). Kodansha Ltd. 2611:"Diplomatic and Consular Uniforms" 2502:Jones, Peter (19 December 2019). 2387:Blankart, Franz (27 August 1987), 1847:Osakabe, Yoshinori (April 2010). 1353:, to official functions. In 1910, 1133:Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1013:in "evening dress with trousers". 991:Portuguese Constitutional Monarchy 14: 2416:Foreign & Commonwealth Office 2126:"Decreto de 4 de Janeiro de 1913" 2096:Manuel Teixeira Gomes – Biografia 5596: 5585: 5584: 4855: 2357:von Tscharner, Benedikt (2014). 2159:. Diário da República Eletrónico 2132:. Diário da República Eletrónico 2016:Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych 1641:Embaixada de Portugal em Espanha 1465:Blakeslee, Fred Gilbert (1929). 1282:His Majesty's Diplomatic Service 473: 461: 454: 435: 428: 265: 254: 238: 205: 194: 178: 172: 161: 125: 114: 103: 85: 74: 5572:Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy 2533:Kent, Mark (7 December 2014). 2098:(in Portuguese). Lisbon: Leya. 2094:Quaresma, José Alberto (2018). 1395:, such as a modified U.S. Navy 931:Diplomats who were also peers ( 1: 2672:"History of US Navy Uniforms" 805:uniforms: Imperial appointees 5567:Twin towns and sister cities 2245:"Sergey Lavrov, Igor Ivanov" 1759:"Supplemento ordinario alla 2338:(in German). pp. 93–94 2311:(in German). 10 August 2021 1996: 1965: 1821: 1794: 1586:Trésors inconnus du Vatican 1166:presentation of credentials 1071:Russia and the Soviet Union 1034:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 939: 924: 918: 912: 906: 900: 894: 888: 878: 872: 866: 847: 831: 815: 798: 5661: 5560:Plenipotentiary Conference 4829:List of individual dresses 1359:funeral of King Edward VII 1212: 773: 346:Supplementary alternatives 5580: 4852: 3899: 2833: 2592:Royal Service (Volume II) 2247:. Sulekha. Archived from 1990: 1972: 1828: 1801: 995:5 October 1910 revolution 933: 841: 825: 809: 5635:Court uniforms and dress 5550:Parliamentary delegation 5429:Diplomatic accreditation 5195:African Diplomatic Corps 4936:Permanent representative 2789:13 February 2021 at the 2183:"Protocol and Etiquette" 1951:14 December 2013 at the 1877: 1848: 440:= Evening (after 6 p.m.) 4998:Deputy chief of mission 4953:Resident representative 2758:Buchner, Heide (2002). 1849:洋服・散髪・脱刀 : 服制の明治維新 1168:ceremony in Stockholm. 1007:present his credentials 5444:Diplomatic credentials 4834:Reconstructed clothing 2067:Bouza Serrano, José de 1929:5 October 2015 at the 1911:is seen in Japan News 1802:大礼服及通常礼服ヲ定メ衣冠ヲ祭服ト為ス等ノ件 1386:United States Congress 1316: 1277: 1260: 1232: 1185: 1153: 1123:he was once given the 1119:recounted that during 1115:; the Soviet diplomat 1107: 1084: 986: 959:Second Polish Republic 837:, and junior officials 789: 761: 751: 701: 675: 620:with standing collar, 613: 26: 5035:Resident commissioner 5007:Bilateral-subnational 1918:6 August 2014 at the 1467:Uniforms of the World 1378:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1314: 1275: 1254: 1227: 1179: 1147: 1105: 1078: 1022:national coat of arms 999:Manuel Teixeira Gomes 984: 971:Third Polish Republic 783: 742: 702:Altbrandenburgischer 676:habits à la francaise 607: 433:= Day (before 6 p.m.) 246:Service dress uniform 24: 5167:Apostolic nunciature 5067:Agricultural attaché 4775:Environmental impact 2071:O Livro do Protocolo 1991:内閣及び総理府関係法令の整理に関する法律 1884:] (in Japanese). 1444:. pp. 362–364. 1393:U.S. Foreign Service 731:and a small dagger. 325:Sportswear (fashion) 283:(anything not above) 5640:Ceremonial clothing 5459:Diplomatic immunity 5419:Consular assistance 4948:Ambassador-at-large 4862:Clothing portal 1368:, much as the U.S. 1180:The Swiss diplomat 1003:Court of St James's 916:) or in navy blue ( 745:Alfredo Bastianelli 517:Diplomatic uniforms 42:Western dress codes 5517:Letter of credence 5479:Diplomatic uniform 5474:Diplomatic service 5454:Diplomatic illness 5449:Diplomatic history 5202:Diplomatic mission 5119:Diplomatic courier 5099:Trade commissioner 4962:Bilateral-national 2722:American Quarterly 2571:. 20 December 2015 2309:Aepli Gesellschaft 2251:on 24 October 2013 1617:on 27 January 2018 1366:U.S. Navy uniforms 1355:Theodore Roosevelt 1340:Secretary of State 1334:(i.e., a foldable 1317: 1303:-blue ribbon bow. 1278: 1261: 1233: 1186: 1154: 1108: 1093:Russian Revolution 1085: 1063:, or, less often, 987: 790: 752: 614: 480:Fashion portal 380:Religious clothing 229:, "dress clothes") 186:Mess dress uniform 93:Full dress uniform 45:and corresponding 27: 5612: 5611: 5522:Letter of protest 5490:Persona non grata 5424:Consular immunity 5222:Exclusive mandate 5155: 5154: 5107: 5106: 5072:Chargé de mission 5023:Bilateral-insular 4987:Chargé d'affaires 4974:High commissioner 4868: 4867: 4839:Right to clothing 4763:Halloween costume 4731: 4730: 4706:black lounge suit 4306: 4305: 4106: 4105: 3880: 3879: 3659: 3658: 2769:978-3-00-009193-3 2701:978-0-313-29126-5 2657:978-1-150-20435-7 2230:978-0-271-02297-0 2193:on 3 October 2011 2189:). Archived from 2080:978-989-626-352-2 1862:978-4-06-258464-7 1515:. 15 October 2014 1325:John Quincy Adams 1240:edged with white 1182:Arnold Otto Aepli 794:Meiji Restoration 788:embroidery (1937) 650:military uniforms 591:reception at the 545:French Revolution 514: 513: 470: 169:Black lounge suit 5652: 5600: 5599: 5588: 5587: 5439:Diplomatic cable 5217:Protecting power 5190:Diplomatic corps 5131:Foreign minister 5124:King's Messenger 5089:Military attaché 5084:Cultural attaché 4926: 4917: 4895: 4888: 4881: 4872: 4860: 4859: 4844:Vintage clothing 4672: 4617:Pocket protector 3901: 3897: 3857:Bodysuit, infant 3748: 3529:formal, informal 3524: 3364:Ceremonial dress 2820: 2813: 2806: 2797: 2773: 2754: 2706: 2705: 2682: 2676: 2675: 2668: 2662: 2661: 2642:Schuyler, Eugene 2638: 2627: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2617:on 15 April 2017 2613:. Archived from 2607: 2596: 2595: 2587: 2581: 2580: 2578: 2576: 2561: 2555: 2554: 2548: 2546: 2530: 2524: 2523: 2517: 2515: 2499: 2493: 2492: 2486: 2484: 2468: 2462: 2461: 2455: 2453: 2437: 2428: 2427: 2425: 2423: 2418:. 17 August 2015 2408: 2402: 2401: 2400: 2398: 2384: 2378: 2377: 2372: 2370: 2354: 2348: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2330:Hirschi, Jonas. 2327: 2321: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2301: 2295: 2294: 2292: 2290: 2271: 2265: 2264: 2258: 2256: 2241: 2235: 2234: 2214: 2203: 2202: 2200: 2198: 2178: 2169: 2168: 2166: 2164: 2148: 2142: 2141: 2139: 2137: 2121: 2110: 2109: 2091: 2085: 2084: 2063: 2052: 2051: 2049: 2047: 2033: 2027: 2026: 2024: 2022: 2008: 2002: 2001: 1999: 1993: 1992: 1984: 1978: 1977: 1975: 1974: 1968: 1961: 1955: 1943: 1906: 1900: 1899: 1893: 1885: 1878:改定文官大礼服制表並図・勅奏任官 1873: 1867: 1866: 1844: 1838: 1833: 1831: 1830: 1824: 1817: 1811: 1806: 1804: 1803: 1797: 1790: 1784: 1783: 1776: 1770: 1767: 1755: 1749: 1746: 1740: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1725: 1719: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1703: 1697: 1694: 1688: 1685: 1679: 1678: 1676: 1674: 1659: 1653: 1652: 1650: 1648: 1633: 1627: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1616: 1609: 1599: 1590: 1589: 1581: 1575: 1574: 1572: 1570: 1556: 1550: 1549: 1547: 1545: 1531: 1525: 1524: 1522: 1520: 1506: 1500: 1499: 1481: 1475: 1474: 1462: 1456: 1455: 1439: 1429: 1343:William L. Marcy 1285:Heads of Mission 1257:Herbert Phillips 1229:Sir Edward Malet 1117:Victor Israelyan 1018:heads of mission 944: 936: 935: 927: 921: 915: 909: 903: 897: 891: 881: 875: 869: 852: 850: 844: 843: 836: 834: 828: 827: 820: 818: 812: 811: 803: 764: 707: 678: 556:Meiji Revolution 506: 499: 492: 478: 477: 476: 467: 465: 458: 447: 444: 439: 432: 423: 352:Ceremonial dress 269: 258: 242: 209: 198: 182: 176: 165: 156: 129: 118: 107: 89: 78: 69: 29: 5660: 5659: 5655: 5654: 5653: 5651: 5650: 5649: 5615: 5614: 5613: 5608: 5576: 5538:Development aid 5526: 5500: 5469:Diplomatic rank 5402: 5226: 5207:High commission 5151: 5147:Diplomatic rank 5135: 5103: 5094:Science attaché 5051: 5018: 5002: 4993:Head of mission 4957: 4921: 4908: 4899: 4869: 4864: 4854: 4848: 4790:made-to-measure 4743:Clothing fetish 4727: 4661: 4533: 4490: 4432: 4408:Square leg suit 4354: 4330:Blanket sleeper 4302: 4293:Sleeved blanket 4102: 4025: 3890: 3888: 3876: 3852:Bodysuit, adult 3840: 3772: 3740: 3732: 3655: 3609: 3528: 3516: 3508: 3354: 3345: 3195: 3056: 2990:Clerical collar 2966: 2864: 2863: 2829: 2824: 2791:Wayback Machine 2780: 2770: 2757: 2735:10.2307/2711029 2718: 2715: 2713:Further reading 2710: 2709: 2702: 2686:Plischke, Elmer 2684: 2683: 2679: 2670: 2669: 2665: 2658: 2640: 2639: 2630: 2620: 2618: 2609: 2608: 2599: 2589: 2588: 2584: 2574: 2572: 2569:Embassy Network 2563: 2562: 2558: 2544: 2542: 2532: 2531: 2527: 2513: 2511: 2501: 2500: 2496: 2482: 2480: 2470: 2469: 2465: 2451: 2449: 2439: 2438: 2431: 2421: 2419: 2410: 2409: 2405: 2396: 2394: 2386: 2385: 2381: 2368: 2366: 2356: 2355: 2351: 2341: 2339: 2329: 2328: 2324: 2314: 2312: 2303: 2302: 2298: 2288: 2286: 2285:on 25 July 2020 2273: 2272: 2268: 2254: 2252: 2243: 2242: 2238: 2231: 2216: 2215: 2206: 2196: 2194: 2180: 2179: 2172: 2162: 2160: 2150: 2149: 2145: 2135: 2133: 2123: 2122: 2113: 2106: 2093: 2092: 2088: 2081: 2065: 2064: 2055: 2045: 2043: 2035: 2034: 2030: 2020: 2018: 2010: 2009: 2005: 1987: 1985: 1981: 1969: 1962: 1958: 1953:Wayback Machine 1937: 1931:Wayback Machine 1920:Wayback Machine 1907: 1903: 1886: 1879: 1875: 1874: 1870: 1863: 1850: 1846: 1845: 1841: 1825: 1818: 1814: 1798: 1791: 1787: 1778: 1777: 1773: 1757: 1756: 1752: 1747: 1743: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1726: 1722: 1712: 1710: 1705: 1704: 1700: 1695: 1691: 1686: 1682: 1672: 1670: 1669:. 17 April 2024 1661: 1660: 1656: 1646: 1644: 1643:(in Portuguese) 1635: 1634: 1630: 1620: 1618: 1614: 1607: 1601: 1600: 1593: 1583: 1582: 1578: 1568: 1566: 1558: 1557: 1553: 1543: 1541: 1533: 1532: 1528: 1518: 1516: 1508: 1507: 1503: 1496: 1495:9-780526-341122 1483: 1482: 1478: 1464: 1463: 1459: 1452: 1440:. Vol. 3. 1431: 1430: 1411: 1406: 1382:executive order 1332:chapeau de bras 1321:Treaty of Ghent 1309: 1270: 1222: 1217: 1211: 1174: 1142: 1073: 979: 955: 838: 822: 806: 778: 772: 737: 721:Benno von Arent 713:Weimar Republic 699:introduced the 685: 667: 662: 646:Diplomatic rank 602: 549:Napoleonic Wars 537: 510: 474: 472: 471: 469: 460: 453: 445: 442: 441: 434: 427: 418: 417: 347: 339: 338: 289:Business casual 284: 273: 272: 230: 215: 214: 154: 150: 135: 134: 67: 63: 44: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5658: 5656: 5648: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5617: 5616: 5610: 5609: 5607: 5606: 5594: 5581: 5578: 5577: 5575: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5563: 5562: 5552: 5547: 5546: 5545: 5534: 5532: 5528: 5527: 5525: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5508: 5506: 5502: 5501: 5499: 5498: 5493: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5464:Diplomatic law 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5434:Diplomatic bag 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5410: 5408: 5404: 5403: 5401: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 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2204: 2170: 2143: 2111: 2105:978-9722726290 2104: 2086: 2079: 2053: 2028: 2003: 1979: 1956: 1901: 1868: 1861: 1839: 1812: 1785: 1771: 1750: 1741: 1720: 1709:. 18 June 2012 1698: 1689: 1680: 1654: 1628: 1591: 1576: 1551: 1526: 1501: 1494: 1476: 1457: 1450: 1408: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1308: 1305: 1269: 1266: 1221: 1218: 1213:Main article: 1210: 1209:United Kingdom 1207: 1203:Franz Blankart 1173: 1170: 1141: 1138: 1072: 1069: 978: 975: 954: 951: 792:Following the 774:Main article: 771: 768: 736: 733: 684: 681: 666: 663: 661: 658: 601: 598: 584:Consular staff 536: 533: 512: 511: 509: 508: 501: 494: 486: 483: 482: 425: 420: 419: 416: 415: 414: 413: 407: 399: 394: 393: 392: 377: 376: 375: 369: 364: 359: 348: 345: 344: 341: 340: 337: 336: 331: 318: 313: 308: 303: 301:Combat uniform 298: 297: 296: 285: 279: 278: 275: 274: 271: 270: 259: 251:Cocktail dress 248: 243: 231: 221: 220: 217: 216: 213: 212: 211: 210: 202:Cocktail dress 188: 183: 166: 151: 141: 140: 137: 136: 133: 132: 131: 130: 108: 95: 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1011:King George V 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 983: 976: 974: 972: 967: 965: 960: 952: 950: 946: 943: 942: 929: 926: 920: 914: 908: 902: 896: 890: 885: 880: 874: 868: 862: 860: 859:South Pacific 854: 849: 833: 817: 802: 801: 795: 787: 782: 777: 769: 767: 763: 762:decreto legge 757: 750: 746: 741: 734: 732: 730: 726: 722: 718: 714: 709: 706: 705: 698: 697:German Empire 694: 690: 682: 680: 677: 672: 671:Second Empire 664: 659: 657: 653: 651: 647: 643: 638: 635: 634:dress uniform 631: 627: 623: 619: 611: 606: 599: 597: 596:credentials. 594: 588: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 552: 550: 546: 542: 541:high nobility 534: 532: 530: 526: 522: 518: 507: 502: 500: 495: 493: 488: 487: 485: 484: 481: 468: 464: 457: 451: 438: 431: 422: 421: 411: 408: 406: 403: 402: 401:Distinctions 400: 398: 395: 390: 386: 383: 382: 381: 378: 373: 370: 368: 365: 363: 360: 358: 355: 354: 353: 350: 349: 343: 342: 335: 332: 330: 326: 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 304: 302: 299: 295: 294:Casual Friday 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Retrieved 1513:Getty Images 1512: 1504: 1485: 1479: 1471:E. P. Dutton 1469:. New York: 1466: 1460: 1442:Thomson Gale 1435: 1390: 1363: 1347: 1336:tricorne hat 1329: 1318: 1297:royal cypher 1289: 1279: 1262: 1246: 1234: 1199: 1191:alpine roses 1187: 1163: 1155: 1129: 1121:World War II 1109: 1090: 1086: 1065:Necessidades 1053: 1042: 1031: 1015: 988: 968: 964:Polish eagle 956: 947: 930: 863: 855: 791: 753: 710: 686: 668: 654: 639: 615: 610:Henri Beyens 589: 568:World War II 553: 538: 516: 515: 426: 397:Folk costume 366: 362:royal courts 306:Smart casual 191:Evening gown 111:Evening gown 97: 18: 5645:Formal wear 5414:Appeasement 5112:Other roles 4701:Semi-formal 4667:Dress codes 4557:Boutonnière 4539:Accessories 4418:Swim diaper 4413:Swim briefs 4378:Boardshorts 4298:Windbreaker 4059:Suit jacket 4054:Mess jacket 3948:Guards Coat 3867:See-through 3631:Romper suit 3005:Neck gaiter 3000:Neckerchief 2854:Terminology 2575:2 September 2545:29 December 2514:29 December 2483:29 December 2452:29 December 2365:(in German) 2197:5 September 2046:25 December 2021:25 December 1938: [ 1909:Kōki Hirota 1621:1 September 1569:1 September 1544:1 September 1519:1 September 1172:Switzerland 1081:Boris Tadić 907:chokuninkan 892:) or buds ( 889:chokuninkan 867:chokuninkan 816:chokuninkan 743:Ambassador 729:aiguillette 727:, a silver 642:embroidered 576:bicorne hat 572:World War I 529:court dress 519:are ornate 466:= Gentlemen 143:Semi-formal 5619:Categories 5496:Soft power 5368:Preventive 5358:Pilgrimage 5253:Commercial 4969:Ambassador 4920:Diplomatic 4642:Suspenders 4637:Sunglasses 4572:Cummerbund 4562:Coin purse 4466:Flip-flops 4461:Dress shoe 4456:Dress boot 4451:Court shoe 4398:Rash guard 4345:Nightshirt 4219:Harrington 4177:pellegrina 4037:Frock coat 4030:Suit coats 4019:Mackintosh 3960:Over-frock 3819:Underpants 3768:Undershirt 3641:Shirtdress 3482:boilersuit 3379:diplomatic 3341:Yoga pants 3331:Sweatpants 3244:High water 3239:Go-to-hell 3132:sleeveless 3085:halterneck 3075:cache-cœur 2995:Lavallière 2849:Technology 2621:17 January 2255:23 October 1836:View here. 1809:View here. 1404:References 1397:mess dress 1380:issued an 1238:cocked hat 1159:smallsword 1150:Azita Raji 1113:SS uniform 1091:After the 1049:Ambassador 1038:Ambassador 1026:cocked hat 715:, but the 704:Waffenrock 693:tail coats 660:By country 626:pantaloons 367:diplomatic 357:law courts 329:Athleisure 321:Sportswear 316:Streetwear 147:half dress 99:Frock coat 60:full dress 5630:Diplomacy 5512:Exequatur 5505:Documents 5363:Ping-pong 5333:Migration 5308:Guerrilla 5298:Freelance 5273:Debt-trap 5243:Checkbook 5177:Consulate 4906:diplomats 4902:Diplomacy 4711:black tie 4694:white tie 4602:Jewellery 4519:Pantyhose 4393:One-piece 4340:Nightgown 4312:Nightwear 4150:Inverness 4145:ferraiolo 3970:shadbelly 3938:Greatcoat 3905:Overcoats 3892:outerwear 3738:Underwear 3693:Miniskirt 3678:Ballerina 3595:Strapless 3573:debutante 3568:ball gown 3546:Coatdress 3487:cleanroom 3445:Religious 3440:Political 3336:Windpants 3274:Parachute 3191:Waistcoat 3169:polo neck 2743:0003-0678 2163:3 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Index


a series
Western dress codes
attires
Formal
full dress
White tie

Morning dress

Full dress uniform
Frock coat

Evening gown

Ball gown

Semi-formal
half dress
Black tie

Black lounge suit


Mess dress uniform
Evening gown

Cocktail dress

Informal

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