737:(1941), four years had gone by and he was able to add more research and advancements made in genetics. Around half of the new research he found was added to the last two chapters in his book: Patterns of Evolution, and Species as Natural Units. In the second to last chapter, Patterns of Evolution, Dobzhansky explained how on the path to a new adaptation, a method could be used to where a species could go through a less adaptive stage. The last chapter, Species as Natural Units, Dobzhansky explained some of the contributions made in genetics to what was called "the new systematics." Dobzhansky's second edition of the book also had twice as many sources in the bibliography than the first edition.
730:, how the effects from changes in chromosomes greater than gene mutations are common and acceptable, and how mutations form racial and specific differences. Dobzhansky explained how three levels could describe the processes of evolutionary population genetics: (1) the origin of raw materials by mutations of genes and chromosomes, (2) the changes in populations by changes in frequencies and combinations of mutations, (3) the fixation of changes by reproductive isolation. To support his writing and research, the bibliography was twenty-eight pages long with around six hundred sources.
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744:(1951), Dobzhansky rewrote all ten chapters on: Isolating Mechanisms, Mutation in Populations, Organic Diversity, Heredity and Mutation, Race Formation, Selection, Adaptive Polymorphism, Hybrid Sterility, Species as Natural Units, and Patterns of Evolution. Dobzhansky decided to remove the chapter on Polyploidy in the third edition. The new chapter on Adaptive Polymorphism highlighted Dobzhansky's research since the second edition. He included precise, quantitative evidence on effective
1137:. Dobzhansky rejected Coon's theory of independent origin of identical mutations, but he did agree that selection favored a sapiens-like genotype in all proto-human populations, and expressed the theory that all sapiens-alleles existed at a low frequency in all erectus-populations, and that the statistical composition of the gene pool shifted from erectus to sapiens in multiple populations independently.
2405:
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in 1967. "The pervasiveness of genetic variation provides the biological foundation of human individuality". Dobzhansky talks about in great detail that "human nature has 2 dimensions: the biological, which mankind shares with the rest of life, and the cultural, which is exclusive to humans." Both of
804:
that
Dobzhansky could not, together with other scientists, agree upon what defines a race. Dobzhansky stated that a true bloodline for man could not be identified. He did not believe that a person's genetic makeup decided whether or not he would be a great man but rather that man "has the rare
726:(1937) highlighted the most recent discoveries in genetics and how they applied to the concept of evolution. The book starts by addressing the problem of evolution and how modern discoveries in genetics could help find a solution. The book covers the chromosomal basis of
72:
715:. Although the book was meant for people with a background in biology, it was easily understood. In the fields of genetics and evolution, Dobzhansky's book is acknowledged as one of the most important books ever written. With each revision of
848:, for treatment and care. Working until his last day as a professor of genetics, Dobzhansky died (from heart failure) on December 18, 1975, in Davis, California. He was cremated, and his ashes were scattered in the Californian wilderness.
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was so laden with toxic associations that it was a word best eliminated from science completely. Dobzhansky argued that science should not give in to the misuses to which it had been subjected, and that the concept of
984:. R.C. Lewontin, J.A. Moore, W.B. Provine & B. Wallace, eds. Columbia University Press, New York. (reprints the 43 papers in this series, all but two of which were authored or co-authored by Dobzhansky)
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Dobzhansky's research and studies allowed him to travel the world and receive honorary degrees in
Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, England, Germany, Italy, Japan, and Sweden.
784:
His concern with the interface between humans and biology may have come from different factors. The main factor would be the race prejudice that contributed in Europe that triggered
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719:, Dobzhansky added new material on crucial, up to date topics, and removed material he deemed to be no longer crucial. His book sparked trends in genetic research and theory.
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of variation within species, and Non-Mendelian inheritance of variation in a macroevolutionary sense. Dobzhansky later stated that
Filipchenko "bet on the wrong horse".
521:, as a favorable model organism in evolutionary-biological studies ever since they published their influential works. Dobzhansky's original mindset (after studying alongside
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Dobzhansky sought to put an end to the pseudoscience that purports genetic makeup to determine race, and thus rank in society. Harrison E. Salisbury wrote in a
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At high school, Dobzhansky collected butterflies and decided to become a biologist. In 1915, he met Victor
Luchnik who convinced him to specialize in
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can be caused by differences in presence of microbial symbionts between populations. In 1937, he published one of the major works of the
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had been made assistant professor, and where he continued working as an emeritus professor. He published one of his most famous essays "
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Vucinich, Alexander (1995). "Review of The
Evolution of Theodosius Dobzhansky: Essays on His Life and Thought in Russia and America".
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511:. Their work provided crucial information on Drosophila cytogenetics. Additionally, Dobzhansky and his team helped establish
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debated the use and validity of the term "race" over a period of many years without reaching an agreement. Montagu argued that
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Dobzhansky immigrated to the United States in 1927 on a work–study scholarship from the
International Education Board of the
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821:(a chronic form of leukemia), and had been given a few months to a few years to live. He retired in 1971, moving to the
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430:), the only child of Grigory Dobzhansky, a mathematics teacher, and Sophia Voinarsky. He was given an unusual name,
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896:. McGraw-Hill. (5 editions: 1925, 1932, 1939, 1950, 1958; Dobzhansky co-editor only on 1950 & 1958 editions).
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Jackson, John P. (2001). ""In Ways
Unacademical": The Reception of Carleton S. Coon's "The Origin of Races"".
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Before immigrating to the United States, Dobzhansky published 35 scientific works on entomology and genetics.
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biological populations differing in gene frequencies. This was done in hopes that its foundation in
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On August 8, 1924, Dobzhansky married geneticist
Natalia "Natasha" Sivertzeva, who was working with
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1375:"The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details - NSF - National Science Foundation"
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The
Evolution of Theodosius Dobzhansky : essays on his life and thought in Russia and America
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Genetics and the Origin of
Species: From Darwin to Molecular Biology, 60 Years After Dobzhansky
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MacIntyre, R. J.; Gearhart, J. D.; Effron, J. W.; O' Brien, S. J.; Fogleman, J. (2015-05-01).
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of the United States. During this time, he had a very public falling out with one of his
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Farber, Paul Lawrence (2015). "Dobzhansky and Montagu's Debate on Race: The Aftermath".
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788:. His concern also dealt with religion in human life which he speaks about in his book
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868:. He described his beliefs as "Evolution is God's, or Nature's, method of Creation."
655:
643:) until his retirement in 1971. In 1972 he was elected the founding president of the
478:, an anthropologist, food historian, and author, primarily known for her work on the
385:
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on February 22, 1969. Earlier (on June 1, 1968), Theodosius had been diagnosed with
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these are believed to have come from "biological evolution and cultural evolution".
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1092:"An experimental study of interaction between genetic drift and natural selection"
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from 1930 to 1940. On the basis of his experiments, he articulated the idea that
533:). Filipchenko also believed that there were only two types of inheritance:
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By 1975, his leukemia had become more severe, and on November 11 he traveled to
1552:. Hand Book of Genetics. Edited by: King RC. 1975, New York: Plenum, 3: 537-587
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would undermine the deeply ingrained social prejudices associated with "race".
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1980:
Simpson, G. G. (1952). Dobzhansky, Theodosius (ed.). "Evolutionary Genetics".
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434:, because he was born after his middle-aged parents prayed for a child to St.
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in Kiev. The Dobzhanskys had one daughter, known under her married name as
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became a major influence on the modern synthesis. He was awarded the U.S.
1574:
Progress and prospects in evolutionary biology : the Drosophila model
654:
Dobzhansky's work in the field of evolutionary genetics, with the help of
17:
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2399:
1238:"Theodosius Grigorievich Dobzhansky. 25 January 1900 -- 18 December 1975"
1214:
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251:
2053:
Andrews, Ted F. (1952). "Review of Genetics and the Origin of Species".
2316:
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2074:
2018:
Zirkle, Conway (1939). "Review of Genetics and the Origin of Species".
2001:
1940:
Zirkle, Conway (1942). "Review of Genetics and the Origin of Species".
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Dobzhansky, Th., F.J. Ayala, G.L. Stebbins & J.W. Valentine. 1977.
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in 1953. He then moved to the Rockefeller Institute (shortly to become
446:
427:
419:
101:
43:
2249:
Shermer, M.; Sulloway, F.J. (2000). "The grand old man of evolution".
2039:
1961:
905:. Columbia University Press, New York. (2nd ed., 1941; 3rd ed., 1951)
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1993:
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27:
Russian-American geneticist and evolutionary biologist (1900–1975)
1181:
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1038:"Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution"
866:
Creator brought about his plan through the processes of evolution
785:
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2451:
918:. The New American Library of World Literature, Inc., New York.
831:
Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution
497:. Upon arriving in New York City on December 27, he joined the
1450:
Lewontin, R. C. (1976). "Theodosius Dobzhansky. 1900 - 1975".
857:
1600:
Hull, David L. (1994). Adams, Mark B. (ed.). "Evolutionist".
1324:
The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief
937:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press – via
876:
During his career, Dobzhansky published widely in books and
1646:
Acquiring genomes : a theory of the origins of species
709:
Theodosius Dobzhansky published three editions of his book
1649:(First ed.). New York, NY: Basic Books. p. 94.
2186:"Dogma, not faith, is the barrier to scientific enquiry"
1300:
Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences
356:; January 25, 1900 – December 18, 1975) was an American
949:. Harcourt, Brace & World Inc., New York, New York.
833:" in 1973, influenced by the paleontologist and priest
613:, of which he was also a member. He was elected to the
2157:
Ayala, Francisco Jos_; Fitch, Walter M. (1997-01-01).
663:
Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1965
1243:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
601:
from 1940 to 1962. Among his students was geneticist
982:
Dobzhansky's Genetics of Natural Populations I-XLIII
647:, and was recognized by the society for his role in
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Eastern Orthodox Christians from the Russian Empire
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892:Sinnott, E.W., Dunn, L.C and Dobzhansky, Th. 1925.
688:in 1963, a member of the board of directors of the
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1487:"Mid-Century Controversies in Population Genetics"
1321:
1188:"Theodosius Dobzhansky: The man and the scientist"
989:
930:
372:and also popular for his support and promotion of
6355:Presidents of the American Society of Naturalists
6335:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
4778:Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences
2382:National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir
933:Mankind Evolving: The Evolution of Human Species
672:Dobzhansky was renowned as the president of the
1353:. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
1133:of "The origin of races" by the anthropologist
594:, based primarily in professional competition.
503:Group at Columbia University working alongside
1722:. National Academy of Sciences. Archived from
6340:Members of the American Philosophical Society
2463:
529:) and phenomena happening on a global scale (
8:
2351:Theodosius Dobzhansky: A Man For All Seasons
1020:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
988:Dobzhansky, Th., & Boesiger, E. (1983).
864:can be reconciled through the idea that the
625:. He was one of the signatories of the 1950
418:Dobzhansky was born on January 25, 1900, in
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809:Final illness and the "Light of Evolution"
364:. He was a central figure in the field of
70:
52:
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1160:John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation
1056:
914:Dunn, L. C., & Dobzhansky, Th. 1946.
805:opportunity 'to direct his evolution'".
2479:United States National Medal of Science
2387:Works by or about Theodosius Dobzhansky
2132:"Books of The Times; The Future of Man"
1871:. New York: Columbia University Press.
1815:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
1672:"In Memory of Bruce Wallace: 1920–2015"
1283:
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1277:
1275:
1147:
1090:Dobzhansky, Th.; Pavlovsky, O. (1957).
996:. New York: Columbia University Press.
692:in 1964, and president of the American
582:takes place. Also in 1937, he became a
1643:Margulis, Lynn; Sagan, Dorion (2002).
1503:10.1146/annurev.genet.42.110807.091612
1013:
963:. Columbia University Press, New York.
605:. In 1941, Dobzhansky was awarded the
566:, which amongst other things, defined
6260:Soviet emigrants to the United States
2013:
2011:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1892:"Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900-1975)".
1595:
1593:
1576:. New York: Oxford University Press.
1186:Ayala, Francisco J. (December 1976).
909:The Biological Basis of Human Freedom
637:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
6295:Foreign members of the Royal Society
1868:Genetics of the evolutionary process
1445:
1443:
1441:
1315:
1313:
992:Human Culture, A Moment in Evolution
968:Genetic Diversity and Human Equality
961:Genetics of the Evolutionary Process
856:Theodosius Dobzhansky believed that
773:used the concept for describing the
748:in laboratory and free populations.
667:Genetics of the evolutionary process
6270:National Medal of Science laureates
1836:"Historical table of BGA Meetingsl"
1207:10.1146/annurev.ge.10.120176.000245
769:has been important in biology; the
354:Теодо́сій Григо́рович Добржа́нський
346:Феодо́сий Григо́рьевич Добржа́нский
6360:Writers about religion and science
2338:Genetics and the Origin of Species
2319:Genetics and the Origin of Species
1485:Crow, James F. (1 December 2008).
902:Genetics and the Origin of Species
813:Dobzhansky's wife Natasha died of
742:Genetics and the Origin of Species
735:Genetics and the Origin of Species
733:In Dobzhansky's second edition of
724:Genetics and the Origin of Species
717:Genetics and the Origin of Species
712:Genetics and the Origin of Species
704:Genetics and the Origin of Species
682:Society for the Study of Evolution
563:Genetics and the Origin of Species
542:California Institute of Technology
394:Genetics and the Origin of Species
338:Theodosius Grigorievich Dobzhansky
283:California Institute of Technology
87:Theodosius Grigorievich Dobzhansky
25:
2272:Journal of the History of Biology
2090:Journal of the History of Biology
956:. New American Library, New York.
467:laboratory had been established.
449:instead. Dobzhansky attended the
6345:20th-century American zoologists
2403:
2367:The Theodosius Dobzhansky Papers
2184:Kutschera, U. (September 2006).
6310:20th-century Russian zoologists
6265:Modern synthesis (20th century)
1865:Dobzhansky, Theodosius (1970).
954:The Biology of Ultimate Concern
823:University of California, Davis
790:The Biology of Ultimate Concern
678:American Society of Naturalists
384:, Dobzhansky immigrated to the
297:University of California, Davis
164:
146:Bateson–Dobzhansky–Muller model
6300:Rockefeller University faculty
2440:Nikolai Nikolaevich Bogoliubov
2396:Works by Theodosius Dobzhansky
2377:American Philosophical Society
977:. W.H. Freeman, San Francisco.
947:Heredity and the Nature of Man
923:Evolution, Genetics, & Man
802:Heredity and the Future of Man
686:American Society of Zoologists
615:American Philosophical Society
438:. In 1910 the family moved to
1:
6230:People from Bratslavsky Uyezd
2494:Behavioral and social science
1614:10.1126/science.266.5190.1589
925:. Wiley & Sons, New York.
645:Behavior Genetics Association
550:modern evolutionary synthesis
32:Eastern Slavic naming customs
6350:Recipients of Franklin Medal
2163:. National Academies Press.
2055:The American Biology Teacher
1720:"Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal"
1045:The American Biology Teacher
800:review of Dobzhansky's book
611:National Academy of Sciences
368:for his work in shaping the
6365:American critics of atheism
6280:Columbia University faculty
2402:(public domain audiobooks)
1572:Powell, Jeffrey R. (1997).
1544:and its American relatives,
1538:King, Robert (2012-12-06).
1320:Collins, Francis S (2006).
916:Heredity, Race, and Society
674:Genetics Society of America
191:Grigory Dobzhansky (father)
6386:
6275:Columbia University alumni
5382:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
835:Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
756:Theodosius Dobzhansky and
684:in 1951, president of the
680:in 1950, president of the
676:in 1941, president of the
607:Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal
540:He followed Morgan to the
209:Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal
30:In this name that follows
29:
5313:
5302:
4783:
4772:
4357:William Hayward Pickering
4193:
4182:
3707:
3696:
2763:
2752:
2499:
2488:
2436:
2426:
2418:
2413:
2102:10.1007/s10739-015-9428-1
1542:Drosophila pseudoobscura
1491:Annual Review of Genetics
1195:Annual Review of Genetics
740:In the third revision of
690:American Eugenics Society
661:Dobzhansky was elected a
399:National Medal of Science
353:
345:
331:
236:
221:National Medal of Science
194:Sophia Voinarsky (mother)
69:
5806:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.
5252:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
2883:Burrhus Frederic Skinner
1540:Dobzhansky T, Powell JR:
1328:. New York: Free Press.
1129:Dobzhansky, Th. Wrote a
1036:Dobzhansky, Th. (1973).
970:. Basic Books, New York.
929:Dobzhansky, Th. (1962).
665:. In 1970, he published
635:. He was elected to the
514:Drosophila pseudoobscura
6255:Evolutionary biologists
5117:Cathleen Synge Morawetz
3035:George Ledyard Stebbins
2956:James Augustine Shannon
2284:10.1023/A:1010366015968
1894:The American Naturalist
1811:"Theodosius Dobzhansky"
1746:"Theodosius Dobzhansky"
1349:Adams, M., ed. (1994).
1293:"Theodosius Dobzhansky"
1156:"Theodosius Dobzhansky"
619:University of São Paulo
464:Drosophila melanogaster
436:Theodosius of Chernigov
269:University of Leningrad
6305:Theistic evolutionists
6285:Critics of creationism
6245:American entomologists
5574:Joseph O. Hirschfelder
5561:Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
4517:Harry George Drickamer
4463:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
4137:M. Frederick Hawthorne
4011:John D. Baldeschwieler
3251:Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
2933:Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
2422:George B. Kistiakowsky
1257:10.1098/rsbm.1977.0004
980:Dobzhansky, Th. 1981.
966:Dobzhansky, Th. 1973.
959:Dobzhansky, Th. 1970.
952:Dobzhansky, Th. 1967.
945:Dobzhansky, Th. 1966.
921:Dobzhansky, Th. 1955.
899:Dobzhansky, Th. 1937.
894:Principles of Genetics
767:animal and plant races
641:Rockefeller University
617:in 1942. In 1943, the
572:frequency of an allele
546:reproductive isolation
495:Rockefeller Foundation
362:evolutionary biologist
290:Rockefeller University
279:(1927–1928, 1940–1962)
6290:Critics of Lamarckism
6250:Russian entomologists
6165:Sylvester James Gates
5551:William Alfred Fowler
5533:Robert Rathbun Wilson
5346:Robert Burns Woodward
4158:Geraldine L. Richmond
3906:Howard E. Simmons Jr.
3189:Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
3118:Vernon B. Mountcastle
2974:Sterling B. Hendricks
2791:Marshall W. Nirenberg
2786:Theodosius Dobzhansky
2634:William Julius Wilson
2430:Elliott Cresson Medal
1689:10.1093/jhered/esv024
728:Mendelian Inheritance
722:The first edition of
696:Association in 1969.
535:Mendelian inheritance
215:Guggenheim Fellowship
57:Theodosius Dobzhansky
6325:Soviet entomologists
6235:American geneticists
6136:Warren M. Washington
6100:Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
6009:Jeremiah P. Ostriker
5954:Martin Schwarzschild
5735:Solomon J. Buchsbaum
5727:J. Robert Schrieffer
5697:E. Margaret Burbidge
5541:Nicolaas Bloembergen
5518:Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
5397:Vladimir K. Zworykin
5149:John Griggs Thompson
5072:Martin David Kruskal
4912:Kurt Otto Friedrichs
4385:Erwin Wilhelm Müller
4339:Ralph Brazelton Peck
4294:Jack St. Clair Kilby
4221:John Robinson Pierce
4188:Engineering sciences
4119:Jacqueline K. Barton
3974:George M. Whitesides
3893:Dudley R. Herschbach
3831:Richard B. Bernstein
3800:Walter H. Stockmayer
3348:Elizabeth F. Neufeld
3279:G. Evelyn Hutchinson
3169:Stanley Norman Cohen
3156:Rita Levi-Montalcini
2992:Keith Roberts Porter
2855:Alfred H. Sturtevant
2850:Michael Heidelberger
2822:Fritz Albert Lipmann
1774:search.amphilsoc.org
1770:"APS Member History"
819:lymphocytic leukemia
570:as "a change in the
554:evolutionary biology
480:history of chocolate
366:evolutionary biology
248:Evolutionary biology
6240:Russian geneticists
6225:People from Nemyriv
6186:Shirley Ann Jackson
6105:Charles P. Slichter
5949:Marshall Rosenbluth
5941:Wallace S. Broecker
5894:Eugene M. Shoemaker
5655:Victor F. Weisskopf
5602:Herbert S. Gutowsky
5584:Edgar Bright Wilson
5425:George Kistiakowsky
5043:Stephen Cole Kleene
4554:George H. Heilmeier
4541:Mildred Dresselhaus
4432:Edward H. Heinemann
4362:Frederick E. Terman
4326:Richard T. Whitcomb
4247:Clarence L. Johnson
4208:Theodore von Kármán
4095:Stephen J. Benkovic
4074:Mostafa A. El-Sayed
4061:Marvin H. Caruthers
4016:Ralph F. Hirschmann
3956:Darleane C. Hoffman
3846:Harden M. McConnell
3787:Frank H. Westheimer
3599:Stanley B. Prusiner
3563:Robert J. Lefkowitz
3322:Howard Martin Temin
3179:Maurice R. Hilleman
3174:Joseph L. Goldstein
3113:Donald A. Henderson
3030:Earl Reece Stadtman
3015:Elizabeth C. Crosby
2979:Orville Alvin Vogel
2809:Donald D. Van Slyke
2758:Biological sciences
2202:2006Natur.443...26K
1676:Journal of Heredity
1608:(5190): 1589–1590.
1289:Ayala, Francisco J.
881:scientific journals
815:coronary thrombosis
779:population genetics
694:Teilhard de Chardin
599:Columbia University
584:naturalized citizen
552:, the synthesis of
517:, within the genus
276:Columbia University
6330:Soviet geneticists
6058:G. Brent Dalrymple
5876:Arthur L. Schawlow
5783:James A. Van Allen
5674:Philip W. Anderson
5630:Richard P. Feynman
5556:Linus Carl Pauling
5191:Dennis P. Sullivan
4748:John B. Goodenough
4681:Edwin N. Lightfoot
4649:Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
4630:Kenneth N. Stevens
4398:Raymond D. Mindlin
4321:Harold E. Edgerton
4166:A. Paul Alivisatos
4045:Stephen J. Lippard
4024:Ernest R. Davidson
3961:Harold S. Johnston
3795:William S. Johnson
3759:George C. Pimentel
3594:Susan L. Lindquist
3576:Francis S. Collins
3470:Victor A. McKusick
3445:Francisco J. Ayala
3427:Nancy C. Andreasen
3377:Robert A. Weinberg
3151:Har Gobind Khorana
3136:Michael E. DeBakey
3123:George Emil Palade
3095:Wendell L. Roelofs
3085:Howard L. Bachrach
2915:Barbara McClintock
2817:Edward F. Knipling
2372:2011-08-07 at the
2362:Francisco J. Ayala
2356:2008-06-27 at the
2344:2008-09-28 at the
2329:2008-08-20 at the
2138:. 19 December 1964
2136:The New York Times
1900:(977): 1–2. 1977.
827:Francisco J. Ayala
825:where his student
623:honorary doctorate
505:Thomas Hunt Morgan
451:University of Kiev
388:in 1927, aged 27.
374:theistic evolution
262:University of Kiev
157:Natalia Sivertzeva
136:University of Kiev
76:Dobzhansky in 1966
6370:Science activists
6202:
6201:
6198:
6197:
6194:
6193:
6131:Esther M. Conwell
6071:Robert N. Clayton
6063:Riccardo Giacconi
6027:Raymond Davis Jr.
5915:Albert Overhauser
5858:Edwin M. McMillan
5819:Arnold O. Beckman
5796:Paul Ching-Wu Chu
5773:Paul C. Lauterbur
5750:Robert Hofstadter
5702:Maurice Goldhaber
5689:Charles H. Townes
5640:Edward M. Purcell
5607:Frederick Rossini
5461:Wolfgang Panofsky
5392:John H. Van Vleck
5308:Physical sciences
5298:
5297:
5294:
5293:
5260:Solomon W. Golomb
5220:Andrew J. Viterbi
5215:Leonard Kleinrock
5162:Calyampudi R. Rao
5130:Ronald R. Coifman
5038:George F. Carrier
5019:Donald C. Spencer
5014:Saunders Mac Lane
4949:Marshall H. Stone
4899:Shiing-Shen Chern
4806:Solomon Lefschetz
4768:
4767:
4764:
4763:
4705:David J. Wineland
4673:John M. Prausnitz
4614:C. Kumar N. Patel
4609:James L. Flanagan
4577:John Roy Whinnery
4564:H. Guyford Stever
4546:Nick Holonyak Jr.
4509:George W. Housner
4504:Willis M. Hawkins
4499:Daniel C. Drucker
4481:Robert Byron Bird
4473:Bernard M. Oliver
4380:Peter C. Goldmark
4367:Wernher von Braun
4313:George E. Mueller
4286:Nathan M. Newmark
4281:J. Presper Eckert
4260:Claude E. Shannon
4229:Charles S. Draper
4178:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4145:Judith P. Klinman
4029:Gábor A. Somorjai
3940:Isabella L. Karle
3927:George S. Hammond
3888:Gertrude B. Elion
3841:Rudolph A. Marcus
3692:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3618:Ralph L. Brinster
3537:Torsten N. Wiesel
3514:Norman E. Borlaug
3501:Solomon H. Snyder
3496:J. Michael Bishop
3455:Mario R. Capecchi
3335:Salome G. Waelsch
3266:E. Donnall Thomas
3141:Theodor O. Diener
3040:Paul Alfred Weiss
2868:Bernard B. Brodie
2804:George G. Simpson
2748:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2693:Michael I. Posner
2594:Eleanor J. Gibson
2546:George J. Stigler
2514:Neal Elgar Miller
2446:
2445:
2437:Succeeded by
2428:Recipient of the
2170:978-0-309-05877-3
1817:. 9 February 2023
1750:www.nasonline.org
1360:978-0-691-03479-9
1335:978-0-7432-8639-8
1003:978-0-231-05632-8
852:Evolution and God
752:Debate about race
746:natural selection
649:behavior genetics
632:The Race Question
592:Alfred Sturtevant
580:natural selection
509:Alfred Sturtevant
472:Ivan Schmalhausen
457:) to study under
335:
334:
318:Doctoral students
301:
294:
287:
280:
273:
266:
238:Scientific career
124:Davis, California
116:December 18, 1975
16:(Redirected from
6377:
6014:Gilbert F. White
5959:George Wetherill
5853:Allan M. Cormack
5811:Jack Steinberger
5791:D. Allan Bromley
5740:H. Richard Crane
5717:Frederick Reines
5707:Helmut Landsberg
5622:George Uhlenbeck
5523:Vladimir Haensel
5485:Allan R. Sandage
5456:Herbert C. Brown
5438:Herbert Friedman
5364:Leon M. Lederman
5336:Julian Schwinger
5315:
5304:
5273:Alexandre Chorin
5247:Richard A. Tapia
5228:David B. Mumford
5056:Alberto Calderón
5001:Joseph B. Keller
4988:Michael Freedman
4957:Herman Goldstine
4811:H. Marston Morse
4785:
4774:
4713:Rudolf E. Kálmán
4697:Robert S. Langer
4689:Jan D. Achenbach
4522:Herbert E. Grier
4273:Igor I. Sikorsky
4234:Othmar H. Ammann
4195:
4184:
4150:Jerrold Meinwald
3919:Norman Hackerman
3898:Glenn T. Seaborg
3813:William O. Baker
3741:F. Albert Cotton
3709:
3698:
3675:Mary-Claire King
3568:Bert W. O'Malley
3524:Thomas E. Starzl
3519:Phillip A. Sharp
3506:Charles Yanofsky
3488:Evelyn M. Witkin
3483:James E. Darnell
3309:Paul C. Zamecnik
3274:Mary Ellen Avery
3246:Herbert W. Boyer
3241:Baruj Benacerraf
3212:Joshua Lederberg
3202:Viktor Hamburger
3164:Michael S. Brown
3010:Robert H. Burris
2765:
2754:
2701:Mortimer Mishkin
2626:William K. Estes
2610:Roger N. Shepard
2602:Robert K. Merton
2586:George A. Miller
2533:Herbert A. Simon
2501:
2490:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2449:
2419:Preceded by
2411:
2407:
2406:
2391:Internet Archive
2304:
2303:
2267:
2261:
2260:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2213:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2015:
2006:
2005:
1977:
1966:
1965:
1937:
1926:
1925:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1842:. Archived from
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1726:on 1 August 2012
1716:
1710:
1709:
1691:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1569:
1563:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1447:
1436:
1435:
1399:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1327:
1317:
1308:
1307:
1297:
1285:
1270:
1269:
1259:
1230:
1219:
1218:
1192:
1183:
1164:
1163:
1152:
1135:Carleton S. Coon
1119:
1086:
1060:
1042:
1025:
1019:
1011:
1008:Internet Archive
995:
942:
939:Internet Archive
936:
771:modern synthesis
523:Yuri Filipchenko
459:Yuri Filipchenko
401:in 1964 and the
376:as a practicing
370:modern synthesis
355:
347:
326:Richard Lewontin
312:Yuri Filipchenko
307:Doctoral advisor
299:
292:
285:
278:
271:
264:
168:
166:
119:
98:January 25, 1900
97:
95:
88:
74:
64:
53:
21:
6385:
6384:
6380:
6379:
6378:
6376:
6375:
6374:
6205:
6204:
6203:
6190:
6178:Sean C. Solomon
6140:
6092:Daniel Kleppner
6084:Lonnie Thompson
6079:Ralph A. Alpher
6045:W. Jason Morgan
6032:Charles Keeling
6022:Marvin L. Cohen
5989:
5972:John N. Bahcall
5967:Don L. Anderson
5933:Peter Goldreich
5886:Steven Weinberg
5838:
5768:Walter Elsasser
5745:Herman Feshbach
5659:
5597:Samuel Goudsmit
5589:Chien-Shiung Wu
5528:Frederick Seitz
5495:John A. Wheeler
5480:Robert H. Dicke
5465:
5328:Luis W. Alvarez
5309:
5290:
5278:David Blackwell
5232:
5183:Carl R. de Boor
5154:Karen Uhlenbeck
5134:
5088:Louis Nirenberg
5023:
4996:Ralph E. Gomory
4934:
4930:Donald E. Knuth
4917:Hassler Whitney
4855:
4779:
4760:
4725:
4657:Andreas Acrivos
4634:
4622:Eli Ruckenstein
4601:Hermann A. Haus
4572:Calvin F. Quate
4559:Luna B. Leopold
4526:
4417:
4403:Robert N. Noyce
4393:Emmett N. Leith
4352:Manson Benedict
4334:Rudolf Kompfner
4298:
4252:Warren K. Lewis
4189:
4170:
4104:
4066:Peter B. Dervan
4037:John I. Brauman
3996:
3948:Norman Davidson
3875:John D. Roberts
3850:
3818:Konrad E. Bloch
3764:Richard N. Zare
3726:
3703:
3684:
3641:Sallie Chisholm
3623:Rudolf Jaenisch
3603:
3586:J. Craig Venter
3545:Rita R. Colwell
3412:
3398:David Baltimore
3289:Robert W. Kates
3261:David G. Nathan
3256:Edward B. Lewis
3226:
3222:Harland G. Wood
3217:Roger W. Sperry
3072:Glenn W. Burton
3044:
3020:Arthur Kornberg
2987:Roger Guillemin
2964:Hallowell Davis
2928:Daniel I. Arnon
2920:Albert B. Sabin
2900:
2873:Detlev W. Bronk
2845:Harry F. Harlow
2840:Kenneth S. Cole
2827:William C. Rose
2799:Francis P. Rous
2759:
2740:
2705:
2685:Gordon H. Bower
2646:
2642:Robert M. Solow
2558:
2554:Milton Friedman
2518:
2495:
2484:
2476:
2442:
2433:
2424:
2404:
2374:Wayback Machine
2358:Wayback Machine
2346:Wayback Machine
2336:Chapter 1 from
2331:Wayback Machine
2313:
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2307:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2211:10.1038/443026b
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2129:
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2087:
2086:
2082:
2067:10.2307/4438411
2052:
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2047:
2017:
2016:
2009:
1994:10.2307/2405629
1979:
1978:
1969:
1939:
1938:
1929:
1891:
1890:
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1879:
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1863:
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1809:
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1668:
1664:
1657:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1599:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1537:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1464:10.2307/1297333
1449:
1448:
1439:
1416:10.2307/2501792
1401:
1400:
1393:
1383:
1381:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1361:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1336:
1319:
1318:
1311:
1295:
1287:
1286:
1273:
1232:
1231:
1222:
1190:
1185:
1184:
1167:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1126:
1108:10.2307/2405795
1089:
1067:10.2307/4444260
1058:10.1.1.324.2891
1040:
1035:
1032:
1012:
1004:
987:
928:
889:
874:
854:
811:
754:
707:
621:awarded him an
597:He returned to
590:collaborators,
491:
416:
411:
295:
288:
281:
274:
267:
232:
197:
170:
167: 1924)
162:
158:
132:Alma mater
127:
121:
117:
108:
99:
93:
91:
90:
89:
86:
77:
65:
60:
58:
51:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6383:
6381:
6373:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6207:
6206:
6200:
6199:
6196:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6189:
6188:
6183:
6180:
6175:
6173:Burton Richter
6170:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6148:
6146:
6142:
6141:
6139:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6126:Yakir Aharonov
6123:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6094:
6089:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6073:
6068:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6040:Richard Garwin
6037:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6004:Willis E. Lamb
6001:
5997:
5995:
5991:
5990:
5988:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5943:
5938:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5896:
5891:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5846:
5844:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5763:Philip Abelson
5760:
5757:
5755:Chen-Ning Yang
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5729:
5724:
5722:Bruno B. Rossi
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5679:Yoichiro Nambu
5676:
5671:
5667:
5665:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5490:John C. Slater
5487:
5482:
5477:
5473:
5471:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5377:Jacob Bjerknes
5374:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5330:
5325:
5321:
5319:
5311:
5310:
5307:
5300:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5292:
5291:
5289:
5288:
5283:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5240:
5238:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5230:
5225:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5209:
5204:
5201:
5196:
5193:
5188:
5185:
5180:
5177:
5175:James G. Glimm
5172:
5169:
5167:Elias M. Stein
5164:
5159:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5142:
5140:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5119:
5114:
5111:
5109:Shing-Tung Yau
5106:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5090:
5085:
5082:
5077:
5074:
5069:
5066:
5061:
5058:
5053:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5031:
5029:
5025:
5024:
5022:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4977:
4975:Antoni Zygmund
4972:
4967:
4964:
4962:Isadore Singer
4959:
4954:
4951:
4946:
4942:
4940:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4927:
4925:Joseph L. Doob
4922:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4906:
4904:George Dantzig
4901:
4896:
4894:John W. Backus
4891:
4888:
4883:
4880:
4875:
4872:
4870:Richard Brauer
4867:
4863:
4861:
4857:
4856:
4854:
4853:
4851:William Feller
4848:
4845:
4840:
4837:
4832:
4829:
4824:
4821:
4816:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4800:
4798:Norbert Wiener
4795:
4791:
4789:
4781:
4780:
4777:
4770:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4762:
4761:
4759:
4758:
4756:Thomas Kailath
4753:
4750:
4745:
4742:
4737:
4733:
4731:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4718:
4715:
4710:
4707:
4702:
4699:
4694:
4691:
4686:
4683:
4678:
4675:
4670:
4667:
4662:
4659:
4654:
4651:
4646:
4642:
4640:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4632:
4627:
4624:
4619:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4603:
4598:
4595:
4590:
4587:
4582:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4493:
4488:
4486:H. Bolton Seed
4483:
4478:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4439:
4437:Donald L. Katz
4434:
4429:
4425:
4423:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4410:
4408:Earl R. Parker
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4315:
4310:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4262:
4257:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4242:Hugh L. Dryden
4239:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4210:
4205:
4201:
4199:
4191:
4190:
4187:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4163:
4160:
4155:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4126:
4124:Peter J. Stang
4121:
4116:
4112:
4110:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4102:
4100:Marye Anne Fox
4097:
4092:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4076:
4071:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4055:
4053:Tobin J. Marks
4050:
4047:
4042:
4039:
4034:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4004:
4002:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3982:Stuart A. Rice
3979:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3950:
3945:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3929:
3924:
3921:
3916:
3914:Donald J. Cram
3911:
3908:
3903:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3883:Ronald Breslow
3880:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3858:
3856:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3825:
3823:Elias J. Corey
3820:
3815:
3810:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3789:
3784:
3782:Carl S. Marvel
3779:
3774:
3769:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3754:Roald Hoffmann
3751:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3724:
3719:
3715:
3713:
3705:
3704:
3701:
3694:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3670:Stanley Falkow
3667:
3664:
3662:Rakesh K. Jain
3659:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3611:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3465:Gene E. Likens
3462:
3457:
3452:
3450:George F. Bass
3447:
3442:
3439:
3434:
3432:Peter H. Raven
3429:
3424:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3366:
3361:
3358:
3356:Alexander Rich
3353:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3337:
3332:
3330:Daniel Nathans
3327:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3311:
3306:
3304:Folke K. Skoog
3301:
3296:
3294:Salvador Luria
3291:
3286:
3284:Elvin A. Kabat
3281:
3276:
3271:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3234:
3232:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3197:Katherine Esau
3194:
3191:
3186:
3184:Eric R. Kandel
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3130:
3128:Joan A. Steitz
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3102:
3100:Berta Scharrer
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3067:Seymour Benzer
3064:
3061:
3059:Philip Handler
3056:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2946:Erwin Chargaff
2943:
2941:Britton Chance
2938:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2891:Robert Huebner
2888:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2780:
2778:C. B. van Niel
2775:
2771:
2769:
2761:
2760:
2757:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2736:Albert Bandura
2733:
2730:
2728:Robert Axelrod
2725:
2722:
2717:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2698:
2695:
2690:
2687:
2682:
2679:
2674:
2671:
2669:R. Duncan Luce
2666:
2663:
2658:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2639:
2636:
2631:
2628:
2623:
2620:
2618:Paul Samuelson
2615:
2612:
2607:
2604:
2599:
2596:
2591:
2588:
2583:
2580:
2578:Patrick Suppes
2575:
2573:Leonid Hurwicz
2570:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2535:
2530:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2505:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2486:
2485:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2443:
2438:
2435:
2425:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2393:
2384:
2379:
2364:
2348:
2333:
2317:Colloquium on
2312:
2311:External links
2309:
2306:
2305:
2278:(2): 247–285.
2262:
2241:
2176:
2169:
2149:
2123:
2080:
2045:
2032:10.1086/347504
2026:(1): 128–131.
2007:
1988:(2): 246–247.
1967:
1954:10.1086/347782
1927:
1906:10.1086/283133
1884:
1877:
1857:
1846:on 4 June 2013
1827:
1802:
1785:
1761:
1737:
1711:
1682:(3): 331–332.
1662:
1655:
1635:
1589:
1583:978-0195076912
1582:
1564:
1546:D. persimilis
1531:
1477:
1437:
1410:(3): 778–779.
1391:
1366:
1359:
1341:
1334:
1309:
1271:
1220:
1165:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1102:(3): 311–319.
1087:
1051:(3): 125–129.
1031:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1002:
985:
978:
971:
964:
957:
950:
943:
926:
919:
912:
906:
897:
888:
885:
873:
870:
853:
850:
810:
807:
798:New York Times
758:Ashley Montagu
753:
750:
706:
701:
531:macroevolution
527:microevolution
490:
487:
455:St. Petersburg
426:(now Nemyriv,
424:Russian Empire
415:
412:
410:
407:
403:Franklin Medal
391:His 1937 work
382:Russian Empire
380:. Born in the
333:
332:
329:
328:
319:
315:
314:
309:
303:
302:
259:
255:
254:
245:
241:
240:
234:
233:
231:
230:
227:Franklin Medal
224:
218:
212:
205:
203:
199:
198:
196:
195:
192:
188:
186:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
160:
156:
155:
153:
149:
148:
143:
142:Known for
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
122:
120:(aged 75)
114:
110:
109:
106:Russian Empire
100:
85:
83:
79:
78:
75:
67:
66:
59:
56:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6382:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6212:
6210:
6187:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6150:
6149:
6147:
6143:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6118:James E. Gunn
6116:
6114:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6050:Edward Witten
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
5999:
5998:
5996:
5992:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5868:Roger Revelle
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5848:
5847:
5845:
5841:
5835:
5834:Henry Stommel
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5824:Eugene Parker
5822:
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5809:
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5708:
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5684:Edward Teller
5682:
5680:
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5650:Lyman Spitzer
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5569:Hans A. Bethe
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5500:Saul Winstein
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5448:Eugene Wigner
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5433:Paul Bartlett
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5420:Louis Hammett
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5125:Felix Browder
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5101:Stephen Smale
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5048:John McCarthy
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4455:John G. Trump
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4268:Edwin H. Land
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4216:Vannevar Bush
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4132:Allen J. Bard
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4114:
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4107:
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4087:JoAnne Stubbe
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4082:Joanna Fowler
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4019:
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3999:
3993:
3992:Susan Solomon
3990:
3988:
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3836:Melvin Calvin
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3808:
3806:
3803:
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3790:
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3783:
3780:
3778:
3777:Yuan Tseh Lee
3775:
3773:
3772:Harry B. Gray
3770:
3767:
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3760:
3757:
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3746:Gilbert Stork
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3654:Bruce Alberts
3652:
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3649:May Berenbaum
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3555:Lubert Stryer
3553:
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3550:Nina Fedoroff
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3532:Anthony Fauci
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3475:Harold Varmus
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3408:Lynn Margulis
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3403:Jared Diamond
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3343:Thomas Eisner
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3317:Maxine Singer
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3299:Paul A. Marks
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1404:Slavic Review
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6155:Sidney Drell
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5980:James Cronin
5928:Hans Dehmelt
5863:Robert Pound
5829:Robert Sharp
5645:John Sinfelt
5612:Verner Suomi
5579:Lewis Sarett
5443:Lars Onsager
5387:Henry Eyring
5354:John Bardeen
5096:Richard Karp
5064:Allen Newell
4843:Jerzy Neyman
4468:Tung-Yen Lin
4445:Bill Hewlett
4375:Morris Cohen
3969:John W. Cahn
3870:Karl Folkers
3631:Lucy Shapiro
3581:Elaine Fuchs
3460:Ann Graybiel
3390:Janet Rowley
3372:James Watson
3364:Ruth Patrick
3207:Philip Leder
3077:Mildred Cohn
3025:Severo Ochoa
3002:E. O. Wilson
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258:Institutions
237:
118:(1975-12-18)
47:
40:Grigorievich
39:
6220:1975 deaths
6215:1900 births
6113:Berni Alder
5920:Frank Press
5801:Walter Kohn
5778:George Pake
5712:Walter Munk
5635:Herman Mark
5617:Henry Taube
5405:Jesse Beams
5359:Peter Debye
5341:Harold Urey
5265:Barry Mazur
4827:John Milnor
4721:Amnon Yariv
4665:Leo Beranek
4491:Ernst Weber
4344:Abel Wolman
3935:Thomas Cech
3865:Elkan Blout
3805:Max Tishler
3722:Roger Adams
3680:Simon Levin
3146:Harry Eagle
2969:Paul Gyorgy
2661:Gary Becker
2259:(1): 76–82.
2096:(4): 1–15.
1730:16 February
1497:(1): 1–16.
1234:Ford, E. B.
842:San Jacinto
300:(1971–1975)
293:(1962–1970)
286:(1928–1940)
272:(1924–1927)
265:(1921–1924)
44:family name
6209:Categories
5907:Vera Rubin
5546:Paul Flory
5207:Hyman Bass
5080:John Cocke
4983:Raoul Bott
4886:Kurt Gödel
4878:John Tukey
4835:Paul Cohen
4450:George Low
4413:Simon Ramo
3636:Leroy Hood
3437:Carl Woese
3385:Bruce Ames
2896:Ernst Mayr
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1948:(2): 181.
1850:2 December
1821:2023-04-21
1779:2023-04-21
1755:2023-04-21
1550:D. miranda
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1452:BioScience
1384:2 December
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1201:(1): 1–7.
1142:References
1124:Recensions
846:California
629:statement
588:Drosophila
519:Drosophila
500:Drosophila
476:Sophie Coe
461:, where a
432:Theodosius
414:Early life
358:geneticist
179:Sophie Coe
94:1900-01-25
48:Dobzhansky
36:patronymic
18:Dobzhansky
5902:Val Fitch
4970:Peter Lax
4740:Shu Chien
3987:John Ross
3702:Chemistry
3090:Paul Berg
2482:laureates
2324:biography
2220:1476-4687
1982:Evolution
1698:0022-1503
1511:0066-4197
1432:165064587
1250:: 58–89.
1131:recension
1096:Evolution
1083:207358177
1053:CiteSeerX
1016:cite book
975:Evolution
775:diverging
609:from the
576:gene pool
574:within a
568:evolution
560:, titled
409:Biography
405:in 1973.
378:Christian
350:Ukrainian
5881:Ed Stone
2878:Jay Lush
2400:LibriVox
2370:Archived
2354:Archived
2342:Archived
2327:Archived
2300:86739986
2228:16957709
2118:27698937
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1706:26086052
1630:17841721
1519:18652542
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1266:11615738
1236:(1977).
558:genetics
252:genetics
175:Children
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2414:Awards
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2322:with a
2292:4331661
2252:Skeptic
2198:Bibcode
2142:8 March
2075:4438411
2002:2405629
1914:2459974
1840:Bga.org
1622:2885197
1602:Science
1524:8 March
1472:1297333
1424:2501792
1379:Nsf.gov
1116:2405795
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862:science
489:America
447:beetles
428:Ukraine
420:Nemirov
342:Russian
185:Parents
169:
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211:(1941)
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152:Spouse
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6145:2010s
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2651:2000s
2563:1990s
2523:1980s
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2434:1973
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2036:JSTOR
1998:JSTOR
1958:JSTOR
1918:S2CID
1910:JSTOR
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1618:JSTOR
1468:JSTOR
1428:S2CID
1420:JSTOR
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1112:JSTOR
1079:S2CID
1071:JSTOR
1041:(PDF)
887:Books
556:with
163:(
159:
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6169:2012
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