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characteristics found in the juveniles of other opisthoproctids, such as poorly developed muscles (for example the lack of ventral muscles, meaning the gut is enclosed only by the peritoneum and the skin), rudimentary scales and coloration, and the placement of the pectoral and pelvic fins on
517:
eye allows the fish to see both up and down at the same time. In addition, the mirror system is superior to a lens in gathering light. It is likely that the main eye serves to detect objects silhouetted against the sunlight, while the diverticulum serves to detect
316:
at a depth of 500–2,400 meters (1,600–7,900 ft), but usually occurs below 1,000 meters (3,300 feet). In the Gulf of Mexico it is found shallower, at 310–460 meters (1,020–1,510 ft).
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to focus its image, as in other fishes. However, inside the diverticulum the light is reflected and focused onto the retina by a curved composite mirror derived from the
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to the position of dorsal fin, and two blotches on the base of the tail. The snout is dusky in color. The maximum known length is 18 cm (7.1 in).
340:
are cylindrical and face upward, with an accessory outgrowth to the side, and are covered with a silvery layer called the "argentea" for camouflage. The
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optics in sight. The main tubular eye contains a lateral ovoid swelling called a "diverticulum", largely separated from the eye by a septum. The
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openings, one directed up and the other down, that allow light into the main eye and the diverticulum respectively. The main eye employs a
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471:. 1: Diverticulum with retina (a) and reflective crystals (b). 2: Main eye with lens (c) and retina (d).
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in the formation of the caudal fin) occurs at around a standard length of 13 mm (0.51 in), and
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at a standard length of 30 mm (1.2 in). The pectoral and pelvic fins form early, as does the
565:
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423:. The larvoid juveniles and adults are covered in a gelatinous sheath. Flexion (the curvature of the
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have been observed in a 36 mm (1.4 in) male and a 40 mm (1.6 in) female. Their
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408:, though as food is scarce in the deep sea it may take anything it can catch. Reproduction is
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Wagner, H.J.; Douglas, R.H.; Frank, T.M.; Roberts, N.W.; Partridge, J.C. (27 January 2009).
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372:. The body is transparent, covered by thin scales. There are four pairs of blotches on the
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859:"Double-duty deep sea fish eye has one mirrored and one refractive lens system"
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The New York Times > Science > Slide Show > Slide 5 of 8 (photograph)
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332:. The head comprises 29-32.4% of the standard length, with a long, pointed
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789:. Ichthyoplankton Information System. Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
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502:, composed of many layers of small reflective plates possibly made of
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Cohen, D.M. (29 June 1960). "New records of the opisthoproctid genus
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671:"A novel vertebrate eye using both refractive and reflective optics"
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peduncles that are not connected to the body by muscles. Developed
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360:, 10–11 rays in the dorsal fin, 8–9 rays in the
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lines most of the interior of the eye, and there are two
725:"Fish with four eyes can see through the deep sea gloom"
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368:. The pelvic fins are elongated, and there may be an
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776:
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536:
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27:
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593:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
566:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T58241062A60800084.en
344:is toothless, and there is a single row of small
816:, with a notice of neoteny in the related genus
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755:McEachran, J.D. & Fechhelm, J.D. (1998).
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509:, acting as the reflector equivalent of a
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328:is slender, the depth 12.6–14.3% of the
268:. This species probably has a worldwide
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7:
1093:IUCN Red List least concern species
552:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
522:flashes from the sides and below.
25:
478:is unusual in that it uses both
84:
857:Wallace, John (20 March 2014).
731:. London, UK: Times Newspapers
609:California Academy of Sciences
1:
759:. University of Texas Press.
513:. The split structure of the
723:Smith, L. (8 January 2009).
1123:Taxa named by Léon Vaillant
364:, and 8–9 rays in the
264:, to focus an image in its
1139:
1103:Fish of the Atlantic Ocean
1113:Fish of the Pacific Ocean
698:10.1016/j.cub.2008.11.061
212:
205:
186:
179:
81:Scientific classification
79:
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1108:Fish of the Indian Ocean
653:. February 2022 version.
639:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
559:: e.T58241062A60800084.
1118:Fish described in 1888
898:Dolichopteryx longipes
784:"Brownsnout spookfish"
643:Dolichopteryx longipes
597:Dolichopteryx longipes
545:Dolichopteryx longipes
472:
400:consists primarily of
237:Dolichopteryx longipes
190:Dolichopteryx longipes
18:Dolichopteryx longipes
591:Eschmeyer, William N.
466:
308:. It is found in the
300:it is known from the
276:distribution; in the
232:brown-snout spookfish
35:Brownsnout spookfish
541:Knudsen, S. (2015).
352:. There are 13
228:brownsnout spookfish
689:2009CBio...19..108W
392:Biology and ecology
260:, in addition to a
250:glasshead barreleye
51:Conservation status
473:
435:on the left side.
314:bathypelagic zones
302:California Current
256:known to employ a
252:fish are the only
240:) is a species of
215:Aulostoma longipes
1080:
1079:
1052:Open Tree of Life
890:Taxon identifiers
863:Laser Focus World
604:Catalog of Fishes
455:is 5 years.
374:peritoneal cavity
280:it is known from
224:
223:
219:
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16:(Redirected from
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1098:Opisthoproctidae
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515:D. longipes
476:D. longipes
469:D. longipes
440:D. longipes
404:and other small
398:D. longipes
290:Greater Antilles
246:Opisthoproctidae
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172:D. longipes
148:Opisthoproctidae
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500:retinal tapetum
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330:standard length
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306:South China Sea
304:region and the
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138:Argentiniformes
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873:External links
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830:(2): 147–149.
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683:(2): 108–114.
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637:Froese, Rainer
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520:bioluminescent
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382:chromatophores
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294:Gulf of Mexico
278:Atlantic Ocean
244:in the family
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218:Vaillant, 1888
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818:Dolichopteryx
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814:Bathylychnops
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766:0-292-75206-7
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429:metamorphosis
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358:pectoral fins
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298:Pacific Ocean
296:, and in the
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248:. It and the
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181:Binomial name
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159:Dolichopteryx
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66:Least Concern
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795:. Retrieved
756:
733:. Retrieved
729:Times Online
728:
680:
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612:. Retrieved
602:
596:
570:. Retrieved
556:
550:
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514:
511:Fresnel lens
475:
474:
468:
444:paedomorphic
439:
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397:
396:The diet of
395:
386:lateral line
380:, a line of
376:beneath the
325:
324:The body of
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29:
974:iNaturalist
793:. July 2008
467:The eye of
406:crustaceans
370:adipose fin
362:pelvic fins
326:D. longipes
320:Description
310:mesopelagic
254:vertebrates
1087:Categories
861:. Optics.
526:References
484:reflective
480:refractive
384:below the
292:, and the
425:notochord
410:oviparous
350:lower jaw
342:upper jaw
274:temperate
242:barreleye
166:Species:
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
1018:58241062
992:11011001
948:FishBase
907:Wikidata
797:14 March
735:14 March
707:19110427
650:FishBase
507:crystals
453:lifespan
442:exhibit
402:copepods
366:anal fin
354:fin rays
270:tropical
207:Synonyms
198:Vaillant
144:Family:
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
1057:3642817
1031:1311437
966:2411172
913:Q142533
844:1440218
685:Bibcode
614:12 June
572:12 June
504:guanine
492:corneal
433:stomach
414:pelagic
412:, with
356:in the
348:in the
286:Bahamas
282:Bermuda
200:, 1888)
154:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
1070:126731
1044:126731
1005:162103
979:618796
940:124714
842:
823:Copeia
763:
705:
488:retina
449:gonads
438:Adult
421:larvae
336:. The
288:, the
284:, the
258:mirror
1065:WoRMS
987:IRMNG
935:EUNIS
927:3766N
840:JSTOR
787:(PDF)
346:teeth
334:snout
1039:OBIS
1026:NCBI
1013:IUCN
1000:ITIS
961:GBIF
953:9121
828:1960
799:2009
761:ISBN
737:2009
703:PMID
616:2022
574:2022
557:2015
496:lens
482:and
459:Eyes
419:and
417:eggs
338:eyes
312:and
272:and
266:eyes
262:lens
226:The
922:CoL
832:doi
820:".
693:doi
561:doi
378:gut
230:or
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838:.
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775:^
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681:19
679:.
673:.
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647:.
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234:(
196:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
