73:(to donate) and originally meant 'a donation'. Such donations usually comprised earning assets, originally landed estates with serfs defraying dues (originally often in kind) or with vassal tenants of noble rank providing military services and forwarding dues collected from serfs. In modern times the earning assets could also be financial assets donated to form a fund to maintain an
394:
Many secular or religious ancient or modern charitable endowments of earning assets in order to maintain hospitals or homes for the elderly, for orphans, for widows, for the poor, for the blind or for people with other handicaps bear the name
1057:
E.g., about 10% of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen was in ecclesiastical respect part of the
Diocese of Verden. The northern part of the Prince-Bishopric of Münster, the Niederstift, was part of the Diocese of Osnabrück in ecclesiastical
542:). The boundaries of secular prince-bishoprics did usually not correspond to that of the spiritual dioceses. Prince-bishoprics were always much smaller than the dioceses which included (parts of) neighbouring
378:, a governmental department, while others maintain their endowments independently or their endowments are administered by a collective body consisting of the noble families of a former principality (e.g.
54:
348:
326:
1326:
1272:): 33 vols. (1854–1971), vol. 18 'Stehung–Stitzig', Leipzig: Hirzel, 1941, cols. 2897seq., reprint: Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv; No. 5945), 1984.
1245:): 33 vols. (1854–1971), vol. 18 'Stehung–Stitzig', Leipzig: Hirzel, 1941, cols. 2895seq., reprint: Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv; No. 5945), 1984.
1040:): 33 vols. (1854–1971), vol. 18 'Stehung–Stitzig', Leipzig: Hirzel, 1941, cols. 2870seq., reprint: Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv; No. 5945), 1984.
1302:): 33 vols. (1854–1971), vol. 18 'Stehung–Stitzig', Leipzig: Hirzel, 1941, col. 2900, reprint: Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv; No. 5945), 1984.
1196:): 33 vols. (1854–1971), vol. 18 'Stehung–Stitzig', Leipzig: Hirzel, 1941, col. 2875, reprint: Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv; No. 5945), 1984.
1169:): 33 vols. (1854–1971), vol. 18 'Stehung–Stitzig', Leipzig: Hirzel, 1941, col. 2874, reprint: Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv; No. 5945), 1984.
1137:): 33 vols. (1854–1971), vol. 18 'Stehung–Stitzig', Leipzig: Hirzel, 1941, col. 2896, reprint: Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv; No. 5945), 1984.
1080:: 33 vols. (1854–1971), vol. 10 'H–Juzen', Leipzig: Hirzel, 1877, col. 1634, reprint: Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv; No. 5945), 1984.
386:). Some of these charitable institutions which previously accepted only female members of noble families now also accept residents from other social classes.
1110:: 33 vols. (1854–1971), vol. 3 'E–Forsche', Leipzig: Hirzel, 1862, col. 1099, reprint: Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv; No. 5945), 1984.
436:
158:(literally, the 'donation'), denotes in its original meaning the donated or else acquired fund of landed estates whose revenues are taken to maintain a
439:
for the theological education. The
Catholic church has similar institutions, such as the Wilhelmsstift, also in Tübingen. A modern example is the
294:
also existed with collegiate churches not being cathedrals, like with the
Supreme Parish and Collegiate Church in Berlin, now often translated as
474:
body of persons (originally canons or canonesses) who administered it and for the building (compound) they used to meet or live in. If the
586:
of
Cologne (Kurköln), Mainz (Kurmainz) and Trier (Kurtrier), which were simultaneously archbishoprics the corresponding expression is
480:
served or serves to maintain the specific college of a cathedral (a so-called cathedral chapter) then the building can be also called
1307:
1277:
1250:
1201:
1174:
1142:
1115:
1085:
1045:
499:
If a canon-law college or the chapter and/or the bishop of a cathedral managed not only to gain estates and their revenues as a
838:
505:
but also the feudal overlordship to them as a secular ruler with imperial recognition, then such ecclesiastical estates (
1331:
792:
320:
In some
Lutheran states the endowments of women's monasteries were preserved, with the nunneries converted into secular
895:
today usually takes the copulative "s" when used as a preceding compound. Composite terms frequently found are such as
755:
440:
288:) is in German an expression for churches with a college, thus actual cathedrals and collegiate churches alike,
770:, i.e. upper and lower prince-bishopric) with other territories in between. The German corresponding terms are
374:. In Lower Saxony the former endowments of many Lutheran women's convents are collectively administered by the
47:
1294:
1264:
1237:
1188:
1161:
1129:
1106:
1076:
1032:
612:
375:
202:
28:
1218:
786:
78:
615:) with feudal overlordship to (part of) their estates to gain imperial recognition as a principality (
205:, or later in revolutionary France and the areas later annexed to or influenced by Napoleonic France.
1336:
1002:
547:
654:('of/pertaining to the city of Bremen'). The spiritual entities, the dioceses, are called in German
550:. Prince-bishoprics could also include areas belonging in ecclesiastical respect to other dioceses.
810:
420:
159:
88:
74:
379:
219:
survived and still form the endowments of modern mostly
Catholic monasteries, then often called "
173:
92:
117:
often also denotes the territory itself. In order to specify this territorial meaning the term
1341:
1303:
1273:
1246:
1214:
1197:
1170:
1138:
1111:
1081:
1041:
632:
510:
432:
258:
169:
108:
100:
96:
533:
367:
295:
136:
955:
822:
638:
467:
371:
257:
as a fund served or serves to maintain the specific college of a cathedral (a so-called
1299:
1269:
1242:
1193:
1166:
1134:
1037:
608:
583:
543:
514:
176:
104:
60:
1320:
1101:
1071:
582:('arch-'), is the corresponding expression for a prince-archbishopric. For the three
506:
383:
236:
607:
Similar developments as to statehood allowed a number of monasteries (the so-called
678:
is not always clear to authors so that texts, even scholarly ones, often translate
471:
450:
408:
370:, but, in Denmark and the former West Germany, many continue to exist, such as the
401:, often combined with the name of the main donators or the beneficiaries, such as
324:
in order to maintain unmarried or widowed noble women (the so-called conventuals,
201:
as endowments have been secularised in
Protestant countries in the course of the
1097:
1067:
874:
857:, the northerly part, in ecclesiastical respect part of the diocese of Osnabrück
428:
967:
866:
226:
181:
648:
meaning 'of/pertaining to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen', as opposed to
536:) as opposed to an area of episcopal spiritual jurisdiction, called diocese (
713:
527:
449:
is not ecclesiastical, but a civic charitable establishment maintaining the
363:
131:
423:
with their endowments became sometimes the nuclei for secular educational
186:
17:
735:
717:
424:
321:
1292:
Victor
Dollmayr, Friedrich Krüer, Heinrich Meyer and Walter Paetzel,
1262:
Victor
Dollmayr, Friedrich Krüer, Heinrich Meyer and Walter Paetzel,
1235:
Victor
Dollmayr, Friedrich Krüer, Heinrich Meyer and Walter Paetzel,
1186:
Victor Dollmayr, Friedrich Krüer, Heinrich Meyer and Walter Paetzel,
1159:
Victor Dollmayr, Friedrich Krüer, Heinrich Meyer and Walter Paetzel,
1127:
Victor Dollmayr, Friedrich Krüer, Heinrich Meyer and Walter Paetzel,
1030:
Victor Dollmayr, Friedrich Krüer, Heinrich Meyer and Walter Paetzel,
312:, is the main church of a town or a city, not always a Cathedral).
284:
938:
729:
707:
245:
endowment belongs to a collegiate church it is sometimes called
517:. The secular territory comprising the donated landed estates (
298:, though it never was the seat of a bishop, but endowed with a
716:
from German. In an ecclesiastical respect it simply denotes a
604:('of, pertaining to a prince-bishopric; prince-episcopal').
849:, the southerly Westphalian part with Münster in Westphalia
825:, Hessian and Thuringian part with Aschaffenburg and Erfurt
103:
of a diocese, formed a territory enjoying the status of an
592:(electorate-archbishopric). The adjective pertaining to
570:('high') literally meaning 'a high endowment', whereas
959:('high school financed with the funds of a collegiate
797:, southerly area west of the Rhine with Bonn and Brühl;
787:
Electorate-Archbishopric of Cologne (Kurerzstift Köln)
1026:
1024:
811:
Electorate-Archbishopric of Mainz (Kurerzstift Mainz)
1231:
1229:
1227:
919:('library financed with the funds of a collegiate
1288:
1286:
1155:
1153:
1151:
953:('conventual in a Lutheran women's endowment'),
931:('conventual in a Lutheran women's endowment'),
805:, a more northerly, separate area with Rheinberg
239:– as a synonym for an endowed monastery. If the
1011:('diet of the estates of a prince-bishopric').
509:) formed a territorial principality within the
427:the former Augustinian collegiate endowment in
995:('subject/inhabitant of a prince-bishopric'),
862:Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht (Sticht Utrecht):
734:formed an administrative jurisdiction under a
546:such as principalities of secular princes and
624:Specific prince-bishoprics were often called
276:(i.e. 'cathedral donation '). However, since
8:
1006:
996:
990:
984:
978:
972:
960:
948:
942:
932:
926:
920:
914:
908:
902:
896:
890:
852:
844:
828:
816:
800:
685:
679:
673:
667:
661:
655:
649:
643:
625:
616:
599:
593:
587:
577:
571:
565:
559:
553:
537:
524:
518:
500:
481:
475:
461:
444:
402:
396:
362:). Many of these convents were dissolved in
336:
299:
289:
277:
268:
262:
252:
246:
240:
230:
220:
214:
196:
190:
163:
153:
140:
124:
118:
112:
82:
68:
36:
901:('vassal nobility of a prince-bishopric'),
870:, the northerly territorially separate part
777:
771:
765:
759:
749:
1327:Prince-bishoprics of the Holy Roman Empire
706:In Danish, Norwegian and Swedish the term
666:('archdiocese'). The difference between a
419:Similar to the English development, where
758:, which consisted of two separate parts (
342:) or noble damsels' foundations (Danish:
334:), therefore called ladies' foundations (
1003:estates of a prince-bishopric as a realm
316:Endowment for unmarried Protestant women
1020:
437:Evangelical State Church in Württemberg
833:, the westerly Rhenish part with Mainz
821:, the easterly territorially separate
407:(endowment for the elderly; see e.g.
46:
7:
941:with a prince-bishopric involved'),
81:. When landed estates, donated as a
611:) or regular canon colleges (e.g.
25:
983:'vassal tenant of an estate of a
878:, the southerly part with Utrecht
431:is maintained until today as the
728:At times in Nordic countries, a
435:, a foundation of the Lutheran
1:
748:In the Netherlands the term
470:– as the expression for the
390:General charitable endowment
145:for a prince-archbishopric.
839:Prince-Bishopric of Münster
756:Prince-bishopric of Utrecht
532:(analogously translated as
162:and the pertaining church (
67:) is derived from the verb
1358:
457:Collegial body or building
441:Freies Deutsches Hochstift
26:
947:('collegiate canoness'),
696:archdiocese/archbishopric
443:, which despite the term
889:As a component the term
754:is usually denoting the
453:in Frankfurt upon Main.
209:Ecclesiastical endowment
172:) and its collegiate or
730:
724:Territorial subdivision
708:
613:Berchtesgaden Provostry
1007:
997:
991:
985:
979:
973:
971:('collegiate canon'),
961:
949:
943:
933:
927:
921:
915:
909:
903:
897:
891:
853:
845:
829:
817:
801:
778:
772:
766:
760:
750:
702:Ecclesiastical diocese
690:incorrectly simply as
686:
680:
674:
668:
662:
656:
650:
644:
626:
617:
600:
594:
588:
578:
572:
566:
560:
554:
538:
525:
519:
501:
495:Territory of statehood
482:
476:
462:
445:
403:
397:
376:Klosterkammer Hannover
359:
353:
343:
337:
331:
300:
290:
278:
269:
263:
253:
247:
241:
231:
221:
215:
197:
191:
164:
154:
141:
125:
123:is then composed with
119:
113:
83:
69:
64:
37:
29:Stift (disambiguation)
1219:Hildesheim Stift Feud
841:(Hochstift Münster):
564:) is a compound with
415:Educational endowment
344:Adelige Jomfrukloster
79:charitable foundation
1295:Deutsches Wörterbuch
1265:Deutsches Wörterbuch
1238:Deutsches Wörterbuch
1189:Deutsches Wörterbuch
1162:Deutsches Wörterbuch
1130:Deutsches Wörterbuch
1107:Deutsches Wörterbuch
1077:Deutsches Wörterbuch
1033:Deutsches Wörterbuch
627:Hochstift/Erzstift X
548:Free Imperial Cities
513:with the rank of an
366:countries after the
91:of a monastery, the
27:For other uses, see
1332:Church organization
1215:Ermland Stift Feud
669:Hochstift/Erzstift
598:as a territory is
584:prince-electorates
576:, a compound with
523:) was thus called
490:Territorial entity
421:canon-law colleges
380:Neuenwalde Convent
282:(like the Italian
885:In compound nouns
712:was adopted as a
692:diocese/bishopric
633:Hochstift Ermland
511:Holy Roman Empire
308:, as the Italian
259:cathedral chapter
170:collegiate church
109:Holy Roman Empire
101:cathedral chapter
97:collegiate church
16:(Redirected from
1349:
1311:
1298:(started by the
1290:
1281:
1268:(started by the
1260:
1254:
1241:(started by the
1233:
1222:
1211:
1205:
1192:(started by the
1184:
1178:
1165:(started by the
1157:
1146:
1133:(started by the
1125:
1119:
1095:
1089:
1065:
1059:
1055:
1049:
1036:(started by the
1028:
1010:
1000:
994:
988:
982:
976:
964:
952:
946:
936:
930:
924:
918:
916:Stiftsbibliothek
912:
907:('official of a
906:
900:
894:
856:
848:
832:
823:Lower Franconian
820:
804:
781:
775:
769:
763:
753:
733:
711:
698:, respectively.
689:
683:
677:
675:Bistum/Erzbistum
671:
665:
659:
653:
647:
629:
620:
603:
597:
591:
581:
575:
569:
563:
557:
541:
534:prince-bishopric
531:
522:
504:
485:
479:
465:
448:
406:
400:
368:Second World War
351:
340:
329:
303:
296:Berlin Cathedral
293:
281:
275:
267:is often called
266:
256:
250:
244:
235:is often used –
234:
224:
218:
200:
194:
167:
157:
144:
137:prince-bishopric
129:as the compound
128:
122:
116:
87:to maintain the
86:
72:
58:
57:
56:
50:
48:[ˈʃtɪft]
45:
40:
21:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1291:
1284:
1261:
1257:
1234:
1225:
1212:
1208:
1185:
1181:
1158:
1149:
1126:
1122:
1096:
1092:
1066:
1062:
1056:
1052:
1029:
1022:
1017:
956:Stiftsgymnasium
887:
746:
726:
704:
660:('diocese') or
639:Erzstift Bremen
609:imperial abbeys
544:imperial states
497:
492:
468:totum pro parte
466:is also used –
459:
417:
411:, a hospital).
392:
372:Stift Fischbeck
347:
332:Konventualinnen
325:
318:
248:Kollegiatsstift
211:
151:
77:, especially a
53:
52:
51:
43:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1355:
1353:
1345:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1300:Brothers Grimm
1282:
1270:Brothers Grimm
1255:
1243:Brothers Grimm
1223:
1206:
1194:Brothers Grimm
1179:
1167:Brothers Grimm
1147:
1135:Brothers Grimm
1120:
1090:
1060:
1050:
1038:Brothers Grimm
1019:
1018:
1016:
1013:
950:Stiftsfräulein
886:
883:
882:
881:
880:
879:
871:
860:
859:
858:
850:
836:
835:
834:
826:
808:
807:
806:
798:
745:
742:
725:
722:
703:
700:
515:imperial state
496:
493:
491:
488:
458:
455:
433:Tübinger Stift
416:
413:
391:
388:
317:
314:
210:
207:
150:
147:
111:then the term
105:imperial state
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1354:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1309:
1308:3-423-05945-1
1305:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1278:3-423-05945-1
1275:
1271:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1256:
1252:
1251:3-423-05945-1
1248:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1202:3-423-05945-1
1199:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1175:3-423-05945-1
1172:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1143:3-423-05945-1
1140:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1116:3-423-05945-1
1113:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1102:Wilhelm Grimm
1099:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1086:3-423-05945-1
1083:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1072:Wilhelm Grimm
1069:
1064:
1061:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1046:3-423-05945-1
1043:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1004:
999:
993:
987:
981:
975:
970:
969:
963:
958:
957:
951:
945:
940:
935:
929:
923:
917:
911:
905:
904:Stiftsamtmann
899:
893:
884:
877:
876:
872:
869:
868:
864:
863:
861:
855:
851:
847:
843:
842:
840:
837:
831:
827:
824:
819:
815:
814:
812:
809:
803:
799:
796:
795:
791:
790:
788:
785:
784:
783:
780:
774:
768:
762:
757:
752:
743:
741:
739:
738:
732:
723:
721:
720:of a bishop.
719:
715:
710:
701:
699:
697:
693:
688:
682:
676:
670:
664:
658:
652:
651:stadtbremisch
646:
645:stiftbremisch
641:
640:
635:
634:
628:
622:
619:
614:
610:
605:
602:
596:
590:
585:
580:
574:
568:
562:
556:
551:
549:
545:
540:
535:
530:
529:
521:
516:
512:
508:
507:temporalities
503:
494:
489:
487:
484:
478:
473:
469:
464:
456:
454:
452:
447:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
414:
412:
410:
405:
399:
389:
387:
385:
384:Preetz Priory
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
356:
355:Fräuleinstift
350:
345:
341:
339:
333:
328:
323:
315:
313:
311:
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
286:
280:
274:
273:
265:
260:
255:
249:
243:
238:
237:pars pro toto
233:
228:
223:
217:
208:
206:
204:
199:
193:
188:
184:
183:
178:
175:
171:
166:
161:
156:
148:
146:
143:
138:
135:, denoting a
134:
133:
127:
121:
115:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
85:
80:
76:
71:
66:
62:
55:
49:
41:
39:
30:
19:
1293:
1263:
1258:
1236:
1209:
1187:
1182:
1160:
1128:
1123:
1105:
1093:
1075:
1063:
1053:
1031:
998:Stiftsstände
966:
954:
888:
873:
865:
793:
747:
737:Stiftamtmand
736:
727:
705:
695:
691:
637:
631:
623:
606:
552:
498:
460:
451:Goethe House
418:
409:Cusanusstift
393:
360:Jungfrustift
354:
335:
319:
309:
305:
283:
271:
225:X", such as
212:
180:
165:Stiftskirche
152:
130:
35:
33:
1337:Monasteries
1098:Jacob Grimm
1068:Jacob Grimm
992:Stiftssasse
980:Stiftsleute
934:Stiftsfehde
875:Nedersticht
854:Niederstift
830:Niederstift
802:Niederstift
779:Niederstift
767:Nedersticht
589:Kurerzstift
358:, Swedish:
304:(in German
261:) then the
203:Reformation
107:within the
1321:Categories
1015:References
974:Stiftsmann
968:Stiftsherr
944:Stiftsfrau
928:Stiftsdame
898:Stiftsadel
867:Oversticht
761:Oversticht
751:Het Sticht
740:(Danish).
618:Fürstentum
561:Hochstifte
404:Altenstift
338:Damenstift
227:Stift Melk
192:Stiftsfrau
187:canonesses
182:Stiftsherr
1008:Stiftstag
977:(plural:
846:Oberstift
818:Oberstift
794:Oberstift
773:Oberstift
714:loan word
681:Hochstift
663:Erzbistum
601:stiftisch
558:(plural:
555:Hochstift
528:Hochstift
520:das Stift
472:collegial
463:Das Stift
446:Hochstift
364:Communist
349:‹See Tfd›
327:‹See Tfd›
291:Domstifte
251:. If the
174:capitular
155:Das Stift
149:Endowment
132:Hochstift
75:endowment
34:The term
1342:Donation
1058:respect.
687:Erzstift
630:, as in
573:Erzstift
483:Domstift
429:Tübingen
425:colleges
352:German:
330:German:
322:convents
301:Domstift
272:Domstift
195:). Many
142:Erzstift
18:Domstift
1005:'), or
744:Toponym
718:diocese
642:, with
621:) too.
168:, i.e.
160:college
99:or the
93:chapter
89:college
70:stiften
44:German:
1306:
1276:
1249:
1200:
1173:
1141:
1114:
1084:
1044:
672:and a
657:Bistum
636:or in
539:Bistum
216:Stifte
198:Stifte
177:canons
65:sticht
986:Stift
962:Stift
922:Stift
910:Stift
892:Stift
731:stift
709:stift
595:Stift
502:Stift
477:Stift
398:Stift
310:Duomo
285:Duomo
264:Stift
254:Stift
242:Stift
232:Stift
222:Stift
213:Some
185:) or
139:, or
120:Stift
114:Stift
95:of a
84:Stift
61:Dutch
38:Stift
1304:ISBN
1274:ISBN
1247:ISBN
1213:Cf.
1198:ISBN
1171:ISBN
1139:ISBN
1112:ISBN
1100:and
1082:ISBN
1070:and
1042:ISBN
989:'),
965:'),
939:feud
925:'),
913:'),
776:and
764:and
579:Erz-
567:hoch
526:das
270:das
126:hoch
1217:or
782:.
694:or
684:or
382:or
306:Dom
279:Dom
1323::
1285:^
1226:^
1150:^
1104:,
1074:,
1023:^
1001:('
937:('
813::
789::
486:.
346:,
229:.
63::
59:;
1310:.
1280:.
1253:.
1221:.
1204:.
1177:.
1145:.
1118:.
1088:.
1048:.
189:(
179:(
42:(
31:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.