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during the Great
Depression, Dworkin quietly negotiated with the hospital's creditors while planning for a needed expansion. She convinced fifteen professionals with the hospital to buy thousand-dollar life insurance policies as collateral for a new mortgage, leading to a major hospital expansion and modernization which was completed in mid-1930s. Dworkin remained president of the hospital auxiliary until 1953, continuing thereafter as a strong advocate for the hospital.
33:
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361:(Canadian News). It was added as a free insert in the popular weekend editions of New York Yiddish newspapers for which Dworkin was the distributing agent. The paper's editorial view appealed to the major ideological elements of the Toronto Jewish community: Bundist, in the tradition of Dworkin's late husband, and
277:
On her return to
Toronto, Dworkin was placed in charge of a free Jewish dispensary which was the successor to Kaufman's dispensary. It operated daily for about three hours, with the remainder of her time devoted to house calls to deliver babies. Following her marriage in 1911, she left this work and
297:
The Ezras Noshem purchased a three-story brick building at 100 Yorkville Avenue which had been operated as the
Lynhurst Hospital since 1913. Unable to equip the facility as a general hospital, it was opened in September 1922 as the thirty-bed Toronto Jewish Maternity and Convalescent Hospital,
551:
Discriminatory practices at hospitals of the time prevented Jewish professionals from gaining employment. There were no
Yiddish-speakers on staff to communicate with immigrant Jewish patients. Hospitals also refused to cater kosher meals, to allow for observation of Jewish religious practices, and
400:
Dworkin worked with Henry at the Labour Lyceum, including fundraising for a building with a 900-seat hall which opened in 1925. Following his death she became more involved with the Lyceum and served as the organization's director. In addition to hosting union activities and being the headquarters
305:
and registered with the province of
Ontario, with Dworkin and three other Ezras Noshem members on its board of directors. In addition to serving the special needs of Jewish patients, the hospital also provided for Jewish doctors who were often denied employment elsewhere. As secretary of the board
281:
Dworkin worked with various women's organizations which provided social services for the immigrant Jewish community, most notably the Ezras Noshem (Yiddish for "ladies' aid"). These groups established an orphanage with a basement dispensary and the Moshav
Zekanim (old folks' home), a forerunner of
528:
Union activity at the Lyceum centered around the garment industry, which was
Toronto's largest employment sector through the 1920s with about 46% of the needle-trade workforce being Jewish in 1931. Due to the competitive, unstable nature of the industry, working conditions were harsh and led to
236:. The organization initially provided education to Jewish working men and became a centre of the city's labour activism. Henry was struck and killed by an automobile in 1928. An estimated 15,000–20,000 people attended his funeral procession, which brought his body to the Lyceum for visitation.
309:
In 1968, the hospital board received approval for construction of a new hospital at 600 University Avenue. Recognized as the hospital matriarch, Dworkin and a group of escorts were paraded from the old hospital to the new site, where
Dworkin ceremonially commenced the demolitions.
326:
In 1917, Henry and his brother Edward opened the variety store and travel agency E. & H. Dworkin
Steamship and Bankers, with the aim of reuniting families from Eastern Europe who had been separated by the war. Dworkin assisted with this business, and the couple travelled to
183:. Dworkin worked with many community charities and was a strong supporter of the Jewish trade unions through the city's Labour Lyceum. She was also the publisher and editor of a Yiddish newspaper and produced a Yiddish radio program. In 2009, she was recognized as a
1211:
593:
The so-called Jewish unions were largely led by and composed of Jewish workers, and included significant numbers of non-Jews. They were formed due to the high occupational concentration of immigrant Jews in the needle-trades and leadership by committed
556:
by missionaries. Jewish hospitals, while accepting all patients, sought to provide employment and training opportunities for Jewish doctors and nurses, to provide services in
Yiddish, to create a more welcoming atmosphere, and allow for the mitzvah of
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376:
entertainment program, hosted by Max Mandel. The program was mainly live musical performances with community announcements, and became a staple of Jewish life in Toronto. Programming was initially in Yiddish, shifting to a
298:
to address urgent needs in the community while creating a positive and reassuring setting to gain acceptance amongst immigrants who generally feared hospitals. Dworkin managed and led the daily activities at the hospital.
278:
the dispensary closed shortly afterwards. However, her close work with the patients and knowledge of the community's requirements impressed her with the need for a Jewish hospital and she began working toward this goal.
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Following Henry's death in 1928, Dworkin continued the business as D. Dworkin & Company and later Dworkin Travel. Dworkin helped thousands of European Jews immigrate to Canada and escape
408:
Dworkin led fundraising campaigns for international relief during the Holocaust, was on the boards of several organizations devoted to health, charity and the cause of establishing a
381:
that came into everyday use in the city's Jewish neighbourhoods. The decline of Yiddish in favour of English brought an end to the newspaper and radio program in the mid-1950s.
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for the four large Jewish trade unions the Lyceum was a meeting place for various Jewish organizations and held lectures, dances, plays and concerts. It was described by the
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211:, Russian Empire (now Courland, Latvia), in 1889 or 1890. Her parents were Wolf "William" and Sara Goldstick, who had ten or eleven children. The family immigrated to
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to arrange for the immigration of European Jews to settle in Toronto. This required them to provide travel, banking, legal, vocational and social services.
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and among its most prominent healthcare advocates. She led the fundraising campaign for the city's first Jewish hospital and is considered the matriarch of
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Dworkin served as the president of the Continental Steamship Ticket Agents Association and continued running the family business until her death in 1976.
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274:. She was prepared for the state examination by Professor J. F. Davidson, and in 1909 received her diploma from the Ohio State Medical Board.
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on the part of Goldstick. The paper was published until 1955 and Dworkin's News Agency became Canada's largest distributor for the Yiddish press.
357:, suspended publication due to a dispute amongst its editors. Dworkin and her brother Morris Goldstick used this opportunity to launch the weekly
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stating that there were 10 children, while Bill Gladstone Genealogy and the OJA 50th anniversary website state that there were 11 children.
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266:. She was trained there by Dr. S. J. Kaufman and his associates Drs. Sylvester, Patton and Lyon. After about a year she was recommended to
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Note that this webpage dated 5 April 2013 reproduces material from three sources: The Memoirs of Dorothy Goldstick Dworkin published in
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The hospital at 100 Yorkville was demolished, but the original facade was preserved as the entrance for the Teatro Verde complex. A
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663:(Toronto) 15 August 1960; "Woman in the News: Dorothy Dworkin (1968)"; and her obituary "Dorothy Dworkin dead at 86" in the
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There is a discrepancy among sources on the number of Goldstick children, with Dworkin's biography at the websites of the
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179:. Through her family travel business, she helped thousands of Eastern European Jews immigrate to Canada and escape
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included Dworkin's life story in a series of 50 showcases of Jewish history preserved in their collections.
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1420:"Review: Michael Manel, "The Jewish Hour: The Golden Age of Toronto Yiddish Radio Show and Newspaper""
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Sweatshop Strife: Class, Ethnicity, and Gender in the Jewish Labour Movement of Toronto, 1900–1939
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286:. After these successes, Dworkin led the Ezras Noshem fundraising campaign for a Jewish hospital.
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Mount Sinai Hospital Ladies Auxiliary with its president, Dworkin (seated at centre) c. 1923
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1277:"Government of Canada celebrates the historical significance of Dorothy Dworkin (1889–1976)"
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412:, and was a trustee of the Federation of the Jewish Philanthropies. She was active with the
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1088:"A stitch in time: Labour Lyceum once a hub of activism for Toronto's garment district"
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included Dworkin among the 40 most-prominent Jewish Canadians in history. In 2024, the
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had very limited visiting hours. Additionally, hospitals were frequently a focus for
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Flavelle, Dana (23 October 1986). "Site of 1st Jewish hospital being demolished".
350:" for her ability to make things happen when other avenues to immigration failed.
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bears a photograph of Dworkin and describes her contributions to the hospital.
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for her unique and enduring contribution to the history of Canada. In 2017,
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346:, despite discriminatory immigration policies. She has been described as a "
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53:
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From Generation to Generation: A History of Toronto's Mount Sinai Hospital
372:, Dworkin bought broadcast time on a private radio station for the weekly
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773:
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362:
222:
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167:; 1889/1890 – 13 August 1976) was a Canadian nurse, businesswoman and
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970:
F. H. Varley: Portraits into the Light/Mise en lumière des portraits
262:
serving Toronto's Jewish community in the historic neighbourhood of
391:
317:
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194:
927:"Recollections and Experiences with the Jewish Press in Toronto"
218:
In 1911, Dworkin married Henry "Harry" (Chanan) Dworkin, a
396:
Dworkin (left) with relief parcels for Poland during WWII
1238:"Dorothy Dworkin: healer of Toronto's Jewish community"
542:
was known as the Jewish Women's Hospital prior to 1912.
639:"Toronto's first Jewish nurse writes of early Toronto"
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1123:"7: Labor Lyceum, Union Activism & Cultural Hub"
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171:. She was the first professionally trained nurse in
1675:
20th-century Canadian newspaper publishers (people)
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203:Dora "Dorothy" Dworkin was born Dvora Goldstick in
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119:
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23:
1645:Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
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424:, and was secretary of the Toronto chapter of the
140:Nursing, medical entrepreneurship and philanthropy
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368:In 1936, following the successful model of the
322:E. & H. Dworkin Steamship and Bankers, 1917
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489:is referred to by its historical German name,
1486:. Ontario Jewish Archives. 19 November 2010.
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436:On 6 July 2009, on the recommendation of the
301:On 17 October 1923, the hospital was renamed
8:
1585:International Women's Day tribute to Dworkin
1310:. Indiana University Press. pp. 28–29.
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905:"News Releases: Dorothy Dworken (1890–1976)"
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502:Sometimes spelled Wolfe and Sarah Goldstick.
438:Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada
258:In 1907, Dworkin began working at a private
1635:Emigrants from the Russian Empire to Canada
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353:In 1935, Toronto's only Yiddish newspaper,
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1308:Women in Cleveland: An Illustrated History
270:to study nursing with a specialization in
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1640:Canadian people of Latvian-Jewish descent
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1388:"Archives - Dorothy Dworkin (1890–1976)"
939:Multicultural History Society of Ontario
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442:Person of National Historic Significance
185:Person of National Historic Significance
111: 1911; death 1928)
1538:
1086:Mojtehedzadeh, Sara (30 January 2020).
611:
479:
199:Dorothy, Ellen, and Henry Dworkin, 1915
16:Canadian nurse and activist (1889–1976)
1484:"Mount Sinai Hospital Plaque Ceremony"
405:as a "palace to the labour movement".
1665:20th-century Canadian philanthropists
1250:from the original on 25 November 2023
1214:from the original on 21 February 2024
874:from the original on 29 November 2014
833:from the original on 29 November 2014
7:
1490:from the original on 25 January 2022
1359:from the original on 4 February 2024
1137:from the original on 3 December 2022
945:from the original on 4 February 2024
572:Conflicts of the period include the
1690:20th-century Canadian businesswomen
37:Dworkin in nurse's uniform ca. 1909
1670:20th-century women philanthropists
1464:from the original on 16 April 2024
645:. Toronto, Ontario. 5 April 2013.
14:
1100:from the original on 18 June 2024
1058:from the original on 18 June 2024
1025:from the original on 18 June 2024
784:from the original on 2 March 2024
649:from the original on 6 March 2019
1620:People from Courland Governorate
1394:from the original on 8 June 2024
1236:Gladstone, Bill (28 July 2017).
991:from the original on 8 June 2024
268:Cleveland's Mount Sinai Hospital
827:Archives Association of Ontario
513:Archives Association of Ontario
254:Health care career and activism
108:
1685:Canadian women philanthropists
1204:"Jews in the Garment Industry"
731:Marrus Barsky, Lesley (1998).
388:Philanthropy and union support
232:In 1913, Henry co-founded the
98:Henry "Harry" (Chanan) Dworkin
1:
967:Atanassova, Katerina (2007).
819:"Dworkin, Dorothy, 1890–1976"
669:13 August 1976 (paraphrased).
282:elder-care teaching hospital
1575:How to use archival material
925:Kayfetz, Ben (Summer 1982).
1695:Businesspeople from Toronto
1630:Jews and Judaism in Toronto
1355:. Sinai Health Foundation.
1171:University of Toronto Press
440:, Dworkin was designated a
1711:
1650:20th-century Canadian Jews
1306:Morton, Marian J. (1995).
246:and president emeritus of
173:Toronto's Jewish community
1625:20th-century Latvian Jews
1048:"Labor Lyceum, 1924–1971"
580:(1917–1923) and numerous
250:, is Dworkin's grandson.
225:. They had one daughter,
154:
129:
30:
1439:10.25071/1916-0925.40029
1316:10.2979/WomeninCleveland
741:McClelland & Stewart
643:Bill Gladstone Genealogy
529:intense labour activism.
414:Canadian Jewish Congress
403:Textile Museum of Canada
284:Baycrest Health Sciences
82:Toronto, Ontario, Canada
1680:Yiddish-speaking people
1552:Ontario Jewish Archives
1458:Ontario Jewish Archives
1425:Canadian Jewish Studies
1418:Troper, Harold (2017).
1353:"About Dorothy Dworkin"
1131:Ontario Jewish Archives
1052:Ontario Jewish Archives
1019:Ontario Jewish Archives
868:Ontario Jewish Archives
778:Ontario Jewish Archives
517:Ontario Jewish Archives
452:Ontario Jewish Archives
314:Business and publishing
684:secure.supportsinai.ca
574:Eastern Theatre of WWI
426:Jewish Labor Committee
397:
323:
294:
200:
1655:Canadian women nurses
1615:People from Ventspils
1563:Dorothy Dworkin fonds
1179:10.3138/9781442680319
1165:Frager, Ruth (1992).
563:(visiting the sick).
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321:
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234:Toronto Labour Lyceum
227:Ellen "Honey" Dworkin
198:
124:Ellen "Honey" Dworkin
1243:Canadian Jewish News
911:on 29 November 2014.
666:Canadian Jewish News
554:Christian conversion
540:Mount Sinai Hospital
459:commemorative plaque
447:Canadian Jewish News
303:Mount Sinai Hospital
209:Courland Governorate
177:Mount Sinai Hospital
149:Mount Sinai Hospital
58:Courland Governorate
1660:20th-century nurses
1386:(8 November 2022).
780:. 2 February 2023.
661:The Jewish Standard
242:, a former dean of
215:, Canada, in 1904.
1454:"Homepage – OJA50"
428:in the mid-1930s.
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244:Osgoode Law School
220:Ukrainian-Canadian
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1325:978-0-253-06907-8
1287:on 7 October 2012
1279:(Press release).
1188:978-1-4426-8031-9
1127:Scrolling Spadina
774:"Dorothy Dworkin"
680:"Dorothy Dworkin"
596:Jewish socialists
584:against the Jews.
578:Russian Civil War
576:(1914–1918), the
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1283:. Archived from
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1208:Defining Moments
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187:in Canada.
1599:Categories
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260:dispensary
75:1976-08-13
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931:Polyphony
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348:rainmaker
272:midwifery
205:Ventspils
165:Goldstick
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1548:Location
1517:ProQuest
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