Doris Duke - Knowledge (XXG)

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and the gates when it broke through. The deep grooves left by the Polara's rear tires in the gravel suggest considerably more acceleration than what might have resulted from an accidental depression of the gas pedal. Lance, and several other experts who reviewed the evidence, concluded that it was far more likely that Duke had deliberately run Tirella over out of rage at his decision to leave her for Hollywood. This evidence would be more consistent with Duke running Eduardo Tirella down just outside the gates. Having been flung over the hood of her car, he came to rest in the road. At that point, she proceeded to run over the stricken man, resulting in his death.

892:, and had a large financial team of bankers and accountants to manage her holdings. In addition, Duke had a collection of artwork, which was said to include works by Picasso, Van Gogh, Rembrandt and Monet, as well as her collection of Islamic and Southeast Asia art and furniture. Also in Duke's collection were over 2,000 bottles of rare wine (worth over $ 5 million) and the Duke collection of fine jewels. Her total net worth, including all property, was valued at $ 5.3 billion. 565: 40: 3744: 3538: 1183:(2020–present), a history podcast reconstructing the Great Depression through the lives of heirs and heiresses. As a primary heiress, Doris Duke appears in multiple episodes beginning with the very first, "Trust No One", which covers her father Buck Duke's death. Other episodes include her bow at Buckingham Palace, her debutante ball, and other key events and moments in her life. 736:, which has since renovated 84 of the city's colonial era buildings. The police chief retired to Florida within a year and bought two condominiums for himself; he was succeeded as chief by the detective who had investigated the incident, instead of his boss who was next in line. In Newport, belief persists today, that there was a coverup facilitated by Duke "blood money". 3754: 676:. On October 6, he flew to Newport, where Duke was staying at Rough Point, to collect his belongings and let Duke know that he was leaving her employ. His friends (who also knew her) warned him she would not take it well. The following afternoon, the estate's staff overheard the two having a loud and lengthy argument before they got into a rented 1070:. The fees for their lawsuits exceeded $ 10 million, and were paid by the Duke estate. These trustees now control all assets of the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, which Doris Duke directed should support medical research, anti-vivisectionism, prevention of cruelty to children and animals, performance arts, wildlife, and ecology. 3380: 687:

engaged and the transmission in park. Duke moved from the passenger seat to the driver's seat in order, she said later, to drive the car forward and pick up Tirella once the gate was open. In order to do so, she released the parking brake and shifted into drive, but instead of putting her foot on the

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After a brief investigation, the Newport police ruled the death was accidental. However, re-examination of the evidence at the scene was not consistent with Duke's account. Tirella's family sued Duke for wrongful death and won $ 75,000. They were initially awarded a larger sum that was subsequently

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Foundation to endow the public display gardens she started to create at Duke Farms. Her Foundation intended that Duke Gardens "reveal the interests and philanthropic aspirations of the Duke family, as well as an appreciation for other cultures and a yearning for global understanding". Duke Gardens

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What Lance was able to find, showed that Duke's account of the incident had changed and was inconsistent with the evidence. The parking brake could not have been released the way she said she had, and all of Tirella's injuries were above his waist, which suggests he was not trapped between the car

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advocate like his wife; Duke used her fortune to finance his political career. In 1940, he served several months as U.S. Ambassador to Canada and ran unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate. The couple had a daughter, Arden, who was born prematurely in Honolulu on July 11, 1940, and died the following

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The DDCF also controls funding for the three separate foundations created to operate Duke's former homes: the Doris Duke Foundation for Islamic Art, Duke Farms and Newport Restoration Foundation. The trustees have progressively reduced funding for these foundations, stating that Doris Duke's own

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The two women had a falling out, and the final version of Duke's will specified that she did not wish Heffner to benefit from her father's trusts; she also negated the adoption. Despite the negation, after Duke's death, the estate's trustees settled a lawsuit brought by Heffner for $ 65 million.

873:, scattered her ashes into the Pacific Ocean as her last will specified. Rumors and accusations swirled after Duke's death, ranging from suicide to murder, and controversy was exacerbated by Duke's habit of regularly changing her last will and testament, but no criminal charges were ever filed. 975:

research. Her foundation, Independent Aid, became the Doris Duke Foundation, which still exists as a private grant-making entity. After her death, the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation was established in 1996, supporting four national grant making programs and Doris Duke's three estates,

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Three of Duke's residences are currently managed by subsidiaries of the Doris Duke Foundation and allow limited public access. Duke Farms in New Jersey is managed by the Duke Farms Foundation; a video tour of the former Duke Gardens is available. Rough Point was deeded to the

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The last living heirs to Duke's fortune are twins Georgia Inman and Walker "Patterson" Inman III, the children of Walker Inman Jr., Duke's nephew through a half-brother on her mother's side. Their childhood included documented neglect, abuse, parental violence and addiction.

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Even more sensational accusations were made by a nurse, Tammy Payette, who contended that Lafferty and a prominent Beverly Hills physician, Dr. Charles Kivowitz, had conspired to hasten Duke's death with morphine and Demerol. In 1996, the year Lafferty died, the Los Angeles

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Duke was the life beneficiary of two trusts created by her father, James Buchanan Duke, in 1917 and 1924. The income from the trusts was payable to any children after her death. In 1988, at the age of 75, Duke legally adopted a woman named Chandi Heffner, then a 35-year-old

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reduced with the aid of Duke's lawyers. In the end, $ 473,000 in today's dollars was divided among Tirella's eight siblings when Duke was found negligent after a trial held five years later. Later biographies and her obituaries repeated the original police finding.

851:. She began trying to walk while she was still heavily medicated and fell, breaking her hip. In January 1993, she underwent surgery for a knee replacement. She was hospitalized from February 2 to April 15. She underwent a second knee surgery in July of that year. 715:

suit brought by Tirella's family were missing from archives where they would normally be kept, but was able to find some of those documents. They showed that the investigation into Duke had been cursory and compromised by conflicts of interest. Shortly before the

522:. She designed the architectural, artistic and botanical elements of the displays based on observations from her extensive international travels. She also labored on their installation, sometimes working 16-hour days. Display construction began in 1958. 367:

and his second wife, Nanaline Holt Inman, widow of William Patterson Inman. At his death in 1925, the elder Duke's will bequeathed the majority of his estate to his wife and daughter, along with $ 17 million in two separate clauses of the will to

424:. She received large bequests from her father's will when she turned 21, 25, and 30; she was sometimes referred to as the "world's richest girl". Her mother died in 1962, leaving her jewelry, a coat, and an additional $ 250 million (see below). 1045:

Litigation involving 40 lawyers at 10 law firms tied up the Duke estate for nearly three years. New York courts ultimately removed Lafferty for using estate funds for his own support and U.S. Trust for failing "to do anything to stop him". The

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tobacco heiress, philanthropist, and socialite. She was often called "the richest girl in the world". Her great wealth, luxurious lifestyle, and love life attracted significant press coverage, both during her life and after her death.

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around her estate, previously a source of friction between her and the city when her dogs had attacked tourists, and $ 10,000 to the hospital to which she had been taken the night of the accident. Within months, she established the

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also filed suit, claiming entitlement to a larger share of the Duke assets than the $ 10 million provided in the will, although Duke's will also stated that any beneficiary who disputed its provisions should receive nothing.

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fortune was largely left to charity. Duke's legacy is now administered by the Doris Duke Foundation, dedicated to medical research, prevention of cruelty to children and animals, the performing arts, wildlife, and ecology.

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Duke's first major philanthropic act was to establish Independent Aid, Inc., in 1934, when she was 21 years old, in order to manage the many requests for financial assistance addressed to her. In 1958, she established the

1027:. In an earlier will, Demopoulos had been named executor and challenged Lafferty's appointment. Demopolous argued that Lafferty and his lawyers had cajoled a sick, sedated old woman into giving him control of her estate. 959:

Duke's extensive travels led to an interest in a variety of cultures, and during her lifetime she amassed a considerable collection of Islamic and Southeast Asian art. After her death, numerous pieces were donated to The

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published a heavily illustrated catalog of more than 600 pages for its auction of "The Doris Duke Collection, sold to benefit the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation", held in New York City over three days in 2004.

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he had created in 1924. The total value of the estate was estimated from $ 60 - $ 100 million (equivalent to $ 1.0 billion to $ 1.737 billion in 2023), the majority derived from J. B. Duke's holdings in the

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Estelle Liebling: An exploration of her pedagogical principles as an extension and elaboration of the Marchesi method, including a survey of her music and editing for coloratura soprano and other voices

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in the exhibition "Doris Duke's Shangri La: Architecture, Landscape, and Islamic Art", organized by the Doris Duke Foundation for Islamic Art. The collection is on public display at her former home in

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Duke did much additional philanthropic work and was a major benefactor of medical research and child welfare programs. In the late 1980s, Duke donated $ 2 million to Duke University to be used for

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bomber, and, in the divorce settlement, a 17th-century house in Paris. In October 1948, Duke and Rubirosa divorced a little over a year after they were married, and Duke never married again.

1333: 1208:"A Tale of Money and Mystery: Billionaire tobacco heiress Doris Duke's death has spawned a wealth of disputes. She died much as she lived--in secrecy, loneliness and on the edge of scandal" 688:

brake pedal, she hit the gas. The vehicle, she told police, pinned Tirella against the still-opening gates, knocked them over, and struck a tree. Tirella was found trapped under the car on

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works are "perpetuating the Duke family history of personal passions and conspicuous consumption." Subsequently, the foundations sold some assets and closed Duke Gardens. Auction house

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and redecorated the interior of the plane to travel between homes and her trips to collect art and plants. The plane included a bedroom decorated to resemble a bedroom in a real house.

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Duke was a hands-on homeowner, even climbing a three-story scaffolding to clean tile murals in the courtyard of Shangri La, and working side-by-side with her gardeners at Duke Farms.

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When Doris' father died, he left a fortune valued at $ 100 million, with the largest share going to Duke and her mother. Nanaline was a shrewd businesswoman, often compared to

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art. In 2014, 60 objects from her collection (including ceramics, textiles, paintings, tile panels, and full-scale architectural elements) were displayed temporarily at the

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However a number of lawsuits were filed against the will. At death, Duke's fortune was estimated at upwards of $ 1.2 billion. The best-known lawsuit was initiated by

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were the center of a controversy over the decision by the trustees of the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (now Doris Duke Foundation) to close them on May 25, 2008.

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Duke's passions varied wildly. Briefly a news correspondent in the 1940s, she also played jazz piano and learned to surf competitively. At her father's estate in

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arrived at the hospital, for instance, Duke had hired him as her personal physician, meaning anything she told him was protected by doctor-patient privilege.

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While living in Hawaii, Duke became the first non-Hawaiian woman to take up competitive surfing under the tutelage of surfing champion and Olympic swimmer

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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda

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When Duke came of age, she used her wealth to pursue a variety of interests, including extensive world travel and the arts. She studied singing with

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Furthermore, there was concern that in the event of her death, a foreign government could gain too much leverage. Therefore, Rubirosa had to sign a

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In Duke's account of events, she said Tirella, who had been driving, got out at the gate to open it, leaving the engine running, but with the

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In her final will, Duke left virtually all of her fortune to several existing and new charitable foundations. She appointed her butler,

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research, medicine, and child welfare continued into her old age. She also donated funds to support and educate black students in the

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Shortly after the case was closed, Duke began making considerable philanthropic contributions to the city, including the repair of

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Duke created the Italian Garden to showcase sculptures that her father had collected, such as this replica of Canova's Three Graces

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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States

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In 1966, Eduardo Tirella, curator of Duke's art holdings for the previous decade, decided to leave for a career in Hollywood as a

5182: 5147: 4034: 3605: 2849: 2062: 1288: 5227: 3485: 321: 3334: 3204: 2111: 1990: 940:, with whom Duke was friends, was the vice president and publicly supported the foundation. Duke was also friends with artist 451:, reporting from different cities across the war-ravaged Europe. After the war, she moved to Paris and wrote for the magazine 5152: 1902: 929: 733: 657: 588: 328: 634:: a nine-room penthouse with a 1,000-square-foot (93 m) veranda at 475 Park Avenue that was later owned by journalist 4565: 3091: 2764: 2650: 1749: 3152: 5197: 5172: 5157: 4570: 4205: 2205: 2185: 1775: 2265: 4925: 4889: 3004: 3404: 2732: 2496: 1720: 4894: 937: 448: 324: 5098: 4544: 4365: 4125: 3651: 902: 581: 503: 412:

When she turned 18, in 1930, the 6 feet 0 inches (1.83 m) tall Duke was presented to society as a

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company as corporate co-executor. Lafferty and Duke's friend Marion Oates Charles were named as her trustees.

4281: 584:, a 60,000-square-foot (5,600 m) public indoor botanical display that was among the largest in America. 4401: 4339: 4029: 3641: 2449: 977: 949: 603: 553: 496: 273: 244: 4982: 4013: 2602: 4951: 4915: 4534: 4487: 4422: 4210: 3875: 3636: 3615: 2737: 2144: 1869:"Doris Duke's Shangri La: Architecture, Landscape, and Islamic Art | University of Michigan Museum of Art" 707: 701: 397: 339: 4539: 4318: 2937: 2624: 1207: 447:. She spoke French fluently. In 1945, Duke began a short-lived career as a foreign correspondent for the 5078: 5058: 5014: 4998: 4873: 4735: 4652: 4606: 4549: 4513: 4302: 4226: 4189: 1644: 933: 910: 858:

at her Falcon Lair home in Los Angeles on October 28, 1993, at the age of 80. The cause was progressive

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of Manhattan overrode Duke's will and appointed new trustees from among those who had challenged it:

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Duke's other residences were private during her lifetime: she spent summer weekends working on her

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Duke had learned to play the piano at an early age; she developed a lifelong appreciation of

506:, an exotic public-display garden, to honor her father James Buchanan Duke. She extended new 4751: 3890: 3385: 2914: 2883: 2192: 2172: 1055: 1051: 1024: 1013: 870: 855: 815: 717: 607: 549: 519: 511: 428: 249: 106: 3537: 3237:"The Darkness of Riches: Born Billionaires but Starved, Neglected and Locked in a Basement" 464:

and his brothers. A lover of animals, in particular her dogs and pet camels, Duke became a

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A day after returning home from this second surgery, she had a severe stroke. Doris Duke

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day. They divorced in 1943. In 1988, Duke adopted 32-year-old Chandi Heffner in Hawaii.

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article. He found initially that the police file on the case and the transcripts of the

5063: 4868: 4631: 4406: 4173: 3844: 3200: 2820:"Inventory of the Doris Duke Foundation Records, 1934-2009 (Duke University Libraries)" 1659:"Inventory of the Doris Duke Papers, 1798-2003 and undated (Duke University Libraries)" 1158: 1067: 1058:); Marion Oates Charles, the sole trustee from Duke's last will; James Gill, a lawyer; 918: 889: 863: 712: 476: 98: 2595:"Doris Duke Biographical History and Archival Collections (Duke University Libraries)" 1845:

Newport Restoration Foundation - Dedicated to the preservation of Newport Rhode Island

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Doris Duke Biographical History and Archival Collections (Duke University Libraries)

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that she used exclusively as an office for the management of her financial affairs.

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Duke acquired a number of homes; her principal residence and official domicile was

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The Richest Girl in the World: The Extravagant Life and Fast Times of Doris Duke

3175:"Sale of Rare Carpet to Benefit Newport Restoration Foundation Collections Fund" 981: 945: 941: 922: 882: 830: 807: 635: 619: 611: 592: 537: 484: 417: 305: 280: 233: 228: 79: 3095: 2654: 1753: 3976: 3895: 3375: 1841:"Beyond the Stage: Doris Duke, Jazz Musician - Newport Restoration Foundation" 1017: 985: 833: 788:, which cautioned her against using her money to promote a political agenda. 699:

In 2020, Peter Lance, a Newport native who had begun his journalism career at

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James Cromwell, Doris Duke and Frank Murphy attending Jackson Day dinner

3351:"The Eccentric Heiress Who Lived Inside an Epic Monument To Islamic Art" 921:, the ashram became the focus of global attention five years later when 660:

in 1999 and opened to the public in 2000. Shangri-La is operated by the

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American billionaire heiress, philanthropist, and socialite (1912–1993)

2236:"Doris Duke had it all -- and now her foundation is giving a lot back" 3236: 1137:(1999), based on Mansfield's book, a television miniseries starring 802:

Duke had numerous love affairs, with, among others, surfing pioneer

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On September 1, 1947, while in Paris, Duke became the third wife of

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more than eighty colonial buildings in the town. Former First Lady

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Trust No One: The Glamorous Life and Bizarre Death of Doris Duke

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Ted Schwarz with Tom Rybak, co-authored by one of Duke's staff,

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Pony Duke, her disinherited nephew, and Jason Thomas published

913:'s ashram on land leased from the state forestry department of 888:

Duke also owned numerous shares in big-name companies, such as

2565:"Doris Duke Leaves $ 1 billion to a New Charitable Foundation" 2445:"Doris Duke Cromwell's Beau Is Plain Lt. (j.g.) James W. Robb" 2307:"Doris Duke's Premature Baby Dies After Living for 24 Hours". 2133: 2131: 2129: 2127: 2125: 2123: 2121: 1326:"James B. Duke Wills Bulk of $ 100,000,000 to Widow and Child" 1154: 602:

Winters were spent at an estate she built in the 1930s named "

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who were disadvantaged because of racism. Her estimated $ 1.3

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Duke was cremated 24 hours after her death and her executor,

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Duke cultivated an extensive art collection, principally of

2352: 2350: 2022: 2020: 1925:"A Rare Look Inside Doris Duke's Shangri la Home in Hawaii" 2653:(Press release). Duke Farms. March 2, 2008. Archived from 3309:

Daddy's Duchess: The Unauthorized Biography of Doris Duke

1537:"Doris Duke World's Richest Girl at Stroke of Midnight". 1035:'s office ruled there was no firm evidence of foul play. 705:

shortly after the incident, reinvestigated the case in a

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Duke posted bail of $ 5,000,000 for her friend, former

304:(November 22, 1912 – October 28, 1993) was an American 3393: 2765:"The Myth & Mystique of Doris Duke's Inner Circle" 2234:

McPhillips, Jody; MacKay, Scott (September 26, 1999).

1899:"Our Founder | Doris Duke Charitable Foundation" 3145:"Famed Duke Gardens To Become Ambitious 'Green' Lab" 1206:

Lieberman, Paul; Goldman, John J. (April 10, 1995).

1173:(2018), a Mexican web television series co-starring 1016:, as executor of her estate. Lafferty appointed the 1001:

devotee and sister of the third wife of billionaire

822:, Naval fighter pilot James W. Robb and U.S. writer 5051: 5007: 4991: 4965: 4939: 4908: 4882: 4851: 4825: 4809: 4783: 4744: 4723: 4702: 4676: 4645: 4589: 4558: 4527: 4496: 4480: 4441: 4415: 4379: 4348: 4327: 4311: 4290: 4274: 4258: 4219: 4198: 4182: 4166: 4150: 4134: 4113: 4092: 4043: 4022: 4006: 3990: 3969: 3953: 3904: 3858: 3837: 3821: 3720: 3671: 3664: 3629: 3588: 3581: 3545: 3513: 3494: 3462: 3455: 529:and befriended many jazz musicians. She also liked 195: 187: 120: 91: 68: 49: 30: 3800:Rhode Island Heritage Hall of Fame Women Inductees 2968: 1692: 839:, after the latter was arrested for racketeering. 355:Duke was born in New York City, the only child of 1863: 1861: 1744: 1742: 576:, her father's 2,700 acre (11 km) estate in 483:, who operated Malabar Farm, his country home in 388:, her father's 2,700-acre (11 km) estate in 3177:. Newport Restoration Foundation. Archived from 2880:"Top Three Inheritance Disputes — LegalZoom.com" 2998: 2996: 2850:"Sarandon to Play World's Richest Little Girl" 2798:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 93–94. 2796:Doris Duke: The Southeast Asian Art Collection 1950: 1948: 1946: 756:Duke married twice; the first time in 1935 to 3784: 3433: 1416: 1414: 1412: 1387:"Billionaire Twins Abused Like Slaves by Dad" 692:and was pronounced dead of serious injuries. 8: 3005:"Deal Reached over the Estate of Doris Duke" 2705:"The Beatles' magical mystery tour of India" 1320: 1318: 5048: 5037: 4780: 4769: 4477: 4466: 4255: 4244: 4089: 4078: 3950: 3939: 3818: 3807: 3791: 3777: 3769: 3668: 3585: 3459: 3440: 3426: 3418: 1983:"Doris Duke's Storied Gardens Are No More" 1603: 1601: 1599: 1597: 1106:Too Rich: The Family Secrets of Doris Duke 38: 27: 2627:. www.SaveDukeGardens.org. Archived from 2482: 2470: 2405: 2368: 2356: 2294: 2038: 2026: 2011: 1826: 1385:James, Susan Donaldson (August 5, 2013). 1309: 909:In 1963, Duke funded the construction of 439:, she worked in a canteen for sailors in 394:a Manhattan mansion at 1 East 78th Street 2420:The Silver Swan: In Search of Doris Duke 1723:. Skylands Visitor Guide. Archived from 1120:The Silver Swan: In Search of Doris Duke 630:. She also maintained two apartments in 4617:Frances Harriet Whipple Green McDougall 2214:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–" 1686: 1684: 1198: 1134:Too Rich: The Secret Life of Doris Duke 479:-winning author and scientific farmer, 223: 3015:from the original on September 5, 2020 2775:from the original on December 28, 2019 2651:"Duke Farms Promotes "Greener" Future" 2575:from the original on September 1, 2017 2497:"Doris Duke Offers Mrs. Marcos's Bail" 2495:Bohlen, Celestine (November 3, 1988). 2276:from the original on September 5, 2020 1931:from the original on December 29, 2019 1905:from the original on February 25, 2020 1808:from the original on February 28, 2005 1699:. HarperCollins, 1996. p. 104ff. 1695:Too Rich. Family Secrets of Doris Duke 1488:from the original on February 10, 2023 1397:from the original on September 1, 2017 1220:from the original on September 5, 2020 847:In 1992, at the age of 79, Duke had a 5213:Philanthropists from New York (state) 3291:. Kensington Publishing Corporation. 2948:from the original on January 13, 2017 2938:"Butler Made Wealthy by Heiress Dies" 2563:McFadden, Robert (November 2, 1993). 2558: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2532: 2530: 2515:from the original on February 6, 2017 2212:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. 2065:from the original on October 18, 2012 1993:from the original on January 11, 2016 1669:from the original on October 10, 2016 1422:"Girl of 14 to Run 3,000 Acre Estate" 1291:from the original on October 31, 2015 662:Doris Duke Foundation for Islamic Art 554:Doris Duke Foundation for Islamic Art 320:. Duke was close friends with former 7: 3753: 3729:American Tobacco Co. v. Werckmeister 3205:"The Poorest Rich Kids in the World" 3118:"Last Will of Doris Duke, Section 8" 2936:Lieberman, Paul (November 5, 1996). 2745:from the original on August 29, 2020 2679:Beyond Gurus: A Woman of Many Worlds 2266:"Duke State Death Called Accidental" 1839:Barry, Meaghan (September 6, 2019). 1620:from the original on August 26, 2012 1356:"Sues to Untangle J. B. Duke's Will" 1261:from the original on August 26, 2012 1062:, president of Duke University; and 780:. She paid his second wife, actress 546:University of Michigan Museum of Art 5218:Transcendental Meditation exponents 2114:from the original on June 19, 2008. 1508:"Doris Duke Feted at Newport Dance" 919:International Academy of Meditation 396:which later became the home of the 5223:Writers from Newport, Rhode Island 3349:Cohen, Alina (November 10, 2017). 3046:from the original on July 30, 2016 2830:from the original on March 8, 2016 2537:Peyser, Marc (February 19, 1995). 2335:from the original on July 22, 2018 2152:from the original on July 17, 2020 1879:from the original on June 16, 2019 1518:from the original on July 22, 2018 1432:from the original on July 22, 2018 1428:. September 25, 1927. p. E1. 502:At age 46, Duke started to create 384:Duke spent her early childhood at 14: 3249:from the original on May 14, 2019 3217:from the original on May 14, 2019 3034:Stout, David (November 5, 1996). 3003:Van Natta, Dan (April 11, 1996). 2246:from the original on June 4, 2011 1366:from the original on May 11, 2018 1362:. December 21, 1926. p. 17. 1336:from the original on May 11, 2018 962:Asian Art Museum of San Francisco 578:Hillsborough Township, New Jersey 390:Hillsborough Township, New Jersey 314:Hillsborough Township, New Jersey 262:Hillsborough Township, New Jersey 4035:Matilda Sissieretta Joyner Jones 3752: 3743: 3742: 3536: 3394:Doris Duke Charitable Foundation 3378: 2911:"Top Three Inheritance Disputes" 2856:. August 2, 2005. Archived from 2703:Bag, Shamik (January 20, 2018). 2676:de Herrera, Nancy Cooke (1993). 2084:Kam, Nadine (November 3, 2002). 1802:"A Great Estate Opens Its Gates" 1476:Sorvino, Chloe (July 10, 2014). 1281:"Duke, Doris | Learning to Give" 176: 147: 5208:People from the Upper East Side 5143:20th-century American botanists 3066:"Last Will of Duke, Section 19" 1608:Pace, Eric (October 28, 1993). 1578:. June 29, 1962. Archived from 1541:. November 21, 1933. p. 7. 1514:. August 24, 1930. p. N8. 1332:. October 24, 1925. p. 1. 1239:Pace, Eric (October 29, 1993). 172: 143: 5178:American women philanthropists 2769:Newport Restoration Foundation 2272:. New York. October 11, 1966. 2051:Swanson, Carl (June 5, 2000). 1558:. January 22, 1934. p. 4. 944:. Historic properties include 930:Newport Restoration Foundation 734:Newport Restoration Foundation 658:Newport Restoration Foundation 589:Newport Restoration Foundation 329:Newport Restoration Foundation 1: 5233:American women art collectors 4566:Christiana Carteaux Bannister 3285:Mansfield, Stephanie (1999). 2975:. Aspen Publishers. pp. 2731:Colacello, Bob (March 1994). 2422:. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 2331:. July 14, 1940. p. 16. 1981:Garmey, Jane (May 28, 2008). 1958:. Courttv.com. Archived from 1639:Dean Fowler, Alandra (1994). 1552:"Police Guard Richest Girl". 1099:The Richest Girl in The World 917:in India. As the Maharishi's 638:; and another apartment near 495:. Today, his farm is part of 4571:Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis 2733:"Doris Duke's Final Mystery" 2625:"Duke Gardens, Then and Now" 2206:American Antiquarian Society 2186:American Antiquarian Society 1778:. Duke Farms. Archived from 1752:. Duke Farms. Archived from 866:, according to a spokesman. 533:and sang in a gospel choir. 514:conservatory at her home in 327:. In 1968, Duke created the 5188:Deaths from pulmonary edema 5138:20th-century art collectors 4890:Catherine O'Reilly Collette 2913:. legalzoom. Archived from 2682:. Blue Dolphin Publishing. 2313:. July 14, 1940. p. 1. 2053:"Only on Park Avenue, Kids" 1721:"The Gardens at Duke Farms" 445:salary of one dollar a year 435:, in New York City. During 5249: 3120:. Court TV. Archived from 3068:. Court TV. Archived from 2971:Wills, Trusts, and Estates 2967:Dukeminier, Jesse (2003). 938:Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis 928:In 1968, Duke created the 591:projects while staying at 449:International News Service 420:, the family residence in 334:Her philanthropic work in 325:Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis 18: 5168:American magazine writers 5099:Lillie Buffum Chace Wyman 5047: 5036: 4779: 4768: 4545:Mary Francis Xavier Warde 4476: 4465: 4366:Helen Adelia Rowe Metcalf 4254: 4243: 4126:Katherine Urquhart Warren 4088: 4077: 3949: 3938: 3817: 3806: 3738: 3534: 2443:Coffin, Patricia (1941). 1455:. Vivisphere Publishing. 475:led to a friendship with 214: 37: 5163:American horticulturists 4900:Abby Aldrich Rockefeller 4449:Beatrice Oenslager Chace 4361:Catherine Tilley Hammett 3502:British American Tobacco 3449:American Tobacco Company 2418:Bingham, Sallie (2020). 1956:"court TV becomes truTV" 668:Death of Eduardo Tirella 375:American Tobacco Company 21:Doris Duke (soul singer) 5183:Collectors of Asian art 5148:American art collectors 4895:Isabelle Ahearn O'Neill 4282:Gladys Williams Brayton 3306:Valentine, Tom (1987). 3143:Sudol, Valerie (2008). 2794:Tingley, Nancy (2003). 2539:"Did the Butler Do It?" 2450:New York World-Telegram 2371:, pp. 199, 213–14. 2108:www.shangrilahawaii.org 1987:The Wall Street Journal 1165:as the butler Lafferty. 950:Samuel Whitehorne House 748:Duke with then-husband 497:Malabar Farm State Park 431:, the voice teacher of 377:, the precursor of the 274:New York City, New York 5228:Writers from Manhattan 4535:Elizabeth Buffum Chace 4423:Helen Metcalf Danforth 4402:Margaret Langdon-Kelly 4340:Barbara-Jeanne Seabury 4030:Gertrude Meth Hochberg 3876:Carole Garnett-Wheeler 3611:South Richmond Complex 3482:W.S. Kimball & Co. 3410:June 16, 2011, at the 2240:The Providence Journal 2090:Honolulu Star Bulletin 1097:Stephanie Mansfield's 776:, a diplomat from the 753: 645:She purchased her own 569: 398:Institute of Fine Arts 5153:American billionaires 5059:Sara MacCormack Algeo 4983:Louisa Sharpe Metcalf 4874:Lucy Rawlings Tootell 4653:Sarah Elizabeth Doyle 4550:Catharine R. Williams 4514:Mary Elizabeth Sharpe 4014:Catherine S. Robinson 3414:(Washington DC, 1940) 3201:Erdely, Sabrina Rubin 3181:on September 21, 2008 3155:on September 28, 2008 3149:Newhouse News Service 3124:on September 14, 2008 3072:on September 14, 2008 1962:on September 14, 2008 1645:University of Arizona 1451:Schwarz, Ted (1997). 911:Maharishi Mahesh Yogi 810:, British politician 793:pre-nuptial agreement 786:U.S. State Department 747: 597:Newport, Rhode Island 567: 422:Newport, Rhode Island 318:Newport, Rhode Island 286:Newport, Rhode Island 4952:Patricia R. Recupero 4916:Noreen Stonor Drexel 4488:Doris Holloway Abels 4433:Sarah Updike Goddard 4211:Sister Eileen Murphy 3245:. January 30, 2014. 2605:on September 6, 2013 2325:"Cromwell Baby Dies" 1582:on February 19, 2011 1127:Films and television 814:, U.S. Army General 812:Alec Cunningham-Reid 762:Edward T. Stotesbury 758:James H. R. Cromwell 750:James H. R. Cromwell 175: 1947; 146: 1935; 132:James H. R. Cromwell 19:For the singer, see 5198:Female billionaires 5173:American socialites 5158:American debutantes 4921:Gertrude I. Johnson 4791:Kathleen S. Connell 4710:Anna Garlin Spencer 4637:Sarah Helen Whitman 4540:Leona McElroy Kelly 4319:Mary Crowley Mulvey 4206:Sister Mary Bernard 3998:Margaret F. Ackroyd 3829:Glenna Collett Vare 3203:(August 12, 2013). 3098:on January 16, 2009 3092:"Untitled Document" 2886:on October 16, 2008 2104:"Home – Shangri La" 1782:on January 11, 2008 1539:The Washington Post 1143:Richard Chamberlain 674:production designer 626:, once the home of 580:. Here she created 471:Duke's interest in 402:New York University 365:James Buchanan Duke 361:hydroelectric power 269:James B. Duke House 207:Nanaline Holt Inman 203:James Buchanan Duke 63:New York City, U.S. 5089:Fanny Purdy Palmer 5079:Ingeborg Kindstedt 5015:Sister Mary Reilly 4999:Holly Patrice Wood 4864:Billie Ann Burrill 4736:Marjorie Joy Vogel 4694:Barbara H. Roberts 4612:Katie King-Crowley 4597:Sara DeCosta-Hayes 4581:Victoria Lederberg 4428:Ann Smith Franklin 4303:Nancy A. J. Potter 4227:Marion F. Avarista 4190:Eleanor M. McMahon 4105:Florence K. Murray 4051:Antoinette Downing 3917:June Rockwell Levy 3621:Warehouses Complex 3474:W. Duke & Sons 3470:Allen & Ginter 3463:Founding companies 3403:Thomas D. Mcavoy: 3269:As the Money Burns 3040:The New York Times 3009:The New York Times 2631:on August 20, 2008 2569:The New York Times 2501:The New York Times 2485:, pp. 229–31. 2329:The New York Times 2270:The New York Times 1691:Pony Duke (1996). 1614:The New York Times 1512:The New York Times 1426:The New York Times 1360:The New York Times 1330:The New York Times 1246:The New York Times 1181:As the Money Burns 1087:In popular culture 1060:Nannerl O. Keohane 966:Walters Art Museum 778:Dominican Republic 754: 702:Newport Daily News 570: 370:The Duke Endowment 5115: 5114: 5111: 5110: 5107: 5106: 5069:Bertha G. Higgins 5032: 5031: 5028: 5027: 4978:Marie Rode Ferron 4764: 4763: 4760: 4759: 4731:Maud Howe Elliott 4715:Mary Emma Woolley 4668:Alice A. Sullivan 4658:Norma Ann Garnett 4504:Prudence Crandall 4461: 4460: 4457: 4456: 4392:Sylvia Hassenfeld 4239: 4238: 4235: 4234: 4073: 4072: 4069: 4068: 4061:Princess Red Wing 4056:Frances G. Knight 3934: 3933: 3930: 3929: 3922:Mary Tucker Thorp 3766: 3765: 3716: 3715: 3660: 3659: 3601:Historic District 3532: 3531: 3478:Goodwin & Co. 3344:. April 30, 2023. 3319:978-0-818-40443-6 3298:978-0-786-01027-1 2942:Los Angeles Times 2917:on April 11, 2010 2805:978-0-8248-2773-1 2689:978-0-931892-49-3 2657:on March 28, 2008 2310:Los Angeles Times 1927:. March 5, 2015. 1555:Los Angeles Times 1462:978-1-892323-17-0 1213:Los Angeles Times 1150:Bernard and Doris 1118:Sallie Bingham's 1033:District Attorney 932:with the goal of 782:Danielle Darrieux 774:Porfirio Rubirosa 764:. Cromwell was a 628:Rudolph Valentino 299: 298: 161:Porfirio Rubirosa 60:November 22, 1912 5240: 5084:Sophia R. Little 5049: 5038: 4926:Margaret McKenna 4781: 4770: 4752:Annie Smith Peck 4478: 4467: 4256: 4245: 4090: 4079: 3951: 3940: 3891:Albina Osipowich 3866:E. Doris Brennan 3819: 3808: 3793: 3786: 3779: 3770: 3756: 3755: 3746: 3745: 3669: 3586: 3540: 3525: 3506: 3460: 3442: 3435: 3428: 3419: 3388: 3386:Biography portal 3383: 3382: 3381: 3367: 3365: 3363: 3345: 3339: 3323: 3302: 3272: 3265: 3259: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3233: 3227: 3226: 3224: 3222: 3197: 3191: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3171: 3165: 3164: 3162: 3160: 3151:. Archived from 3140: 3134: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3114: 3108: 3107: 3105: 3103: 3094:. Archived from 3088: 3082: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3062: 3056: 3055: 3053: 3051: 3031: 3025: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3000: 2991: 2990: 2974: 2964: 2958: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2933: 2927: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2907: 2896: 2895: 2893: 2891: 2882:. Archived from 2876: 2870: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2846: 2840: 2839: 2837: 2835: 2816: 2810: 2809: 2791: 2785: 2784: 2782: 2780: 2761: 2755: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2728: 2722: 2721: 2719: 2717: 2700: 2694: 2693: 2673: 2667: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2647: 2641: 2640: 2638: 2636: 2621: 2615: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2601:. 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Barnes 1052:Harry Demopoulos 1025:Harry Demopoulos 1014:Bernard Lafferty 992:Trusts and wills 871:Bernard Lafferty 816:George S. Patton 718:medical examiner 608:Honolulu, Hawaii 550:Honolulu, Hawaii 520:Longwood Gardens 512:Horace Trumbauer 429:Estelle Liebling 289: 277: 265: 253: 250:Honolulu, Hawaii 241: 220: 180: 178: 174: 151: 149: 145: 107:horticulturalist 75: 72:October 28, 1993 59: 57: 42: 28: 5248: 5247: 5243: 5242: 5241: 5239: 5238: 5237: 5118: 5117: 5116: 5103: 5094:Anna W. Spenser 5043: 5024: 5003: 4987: 4961: 4935: 4904: 4878: 4847: 4843:Mary C. Wheeler 4821: 4805: 4801:Caroline Hazard 4775: 4756: 4740: 4719: 4698: 4672: 4641: 4622:Harriet Metcalf 4585: 4576:Julia Ward Howe 4554: 4523: 4492: 4472: 4453: 4437: 4411: 4397:Anne Hutchinson 4375: 4344: 4323: 4307: 4298:Mary P. Brennan 4286: 4270: 4250: 4231: 4215: 4194: 4178: 4162: 4158:Katharine Gibbs 4146: 4130: 4109: 4084: 4065: 4039: 4018: 4002: 3986: 3965: 3945: 3926: 3900: 3854: 3833: 3813: 3802: 3797: 3767: 3762: 3734: 3712: 3656: 3652:James Duke (NC) 3647:James Duke (NY) 3625: 3577: 3563:Washington Duke 3541: 3528: 3523: 3509: 3504: 3490: 3486:Kinney Brothers 3451: 3446: 3412:Wayback Machine 3384: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3361: 3359: 3348: 3337: 3333: 3328:Further reading 3320: 3305: 3299: 3284: 3276: 3275: 3266: 3262: 3252: 3250: 3235: 3234: 3230: 3220: 3218: 3199: 3198: 3194: 3184: 3182: 3173: 3172: 3168: 3158: 3156: 3142: 3141: 3137: 3127: 3125: 3116: 3115: 3111: 3101: 3099: 3090: 3089: 3085: 3075: 3073: 3064: 3063: 3059: 3049: 3047: 3033: 3032: 3028: 3018: 3016: 3002: 3001: 2994: 2987: 2966: 2965: 2961: 2951: 2949: 2935: 2934: 2930: 2920: 2918: 2909: 2908: 2899: 2889: 2887: 2878: 2877: 2873: 2863: 2861: 2860:on June 6, 2013 2848: 2847: 2843: 2833: 2831: 2824:Library.duk.edu 2818: 2817: 2813: 2806: 2793: 2792: 2788: 2778: 2776: 2763: 2762: 2758: 2748: 2746: 2730: 2729: 2725: 2715: 2713: 2702: 2701: 2697: 2690: 2675: 2674: 2670: 2660: 2658: 2649: 2648: 2644: 2634: 2632: 2623: 2622: 2618: 2608: 2606: 2599:Library.duk.edu 2593: 2592: 2588: 2578: 2576: 2562: 2561: 2550: 2536: 2535: 2528: 2518: 2516: 2494: 2493: 2489: 2481: 2477: 2469: 2465: 2455: 2453: 2442: 2441: 2437: 2430: 2429:978-0-374711863 2417: 2416: 2412: 2404: 2400: 2390: 2388: 2380: 2379: 2375: 2367: 2363: 2355: 2348: 2338: 2336: 2323: 2322: 2318: 2306: 2305: 2301: 2293: 2289: 2279: 2277: 2264: 2263: 2259: 2249: 2247: 2233: 2232: 2228: 2218: 2216: 2211: 2201: 2193:McCusker, J. J. 2191: 2181: 2173:McCusker, J. J. 2171: 2169: 2165: 2155: 2153: 2137: 2136: 2119: 2102: 2101: 2097: 2083: 2082: 2078: 2068: 2066: 2050: 2049: 2045: 2037: 2033: 2025: 2018: 2010: 2006: 1996: 1994: 1980: 1979: 1975: 1965: 1963: 1954: 1953: 1944: 1934: 1932: 1923: 1922: 1918: 1908: 1906: 1897: 1896: 1892: 1882: 1880: 1867: 1866: 1859: 1849: 1847: 1838: 1837: 1833: 1825: 1821: 1811: 1809: 1800: 1799: 1795: 1785: 1783: 1774: 1773: 1769: 1759: 1757: 1748: 1747: 1740: 1730: 1728: 1727:on May 18, 2008 1719: 1718: 1714: 1707: 1690: 1689: 1682: 1672: 1670: 1663:Library.duk.edu 1657: 1656: 1652: 1638: 1637: 1633: 1623: 1621: 1607: 1606: 1595: 1585: 1583: 1568: 1567: 1563: 1551: 1550: 1546: 1536: 1535: 1531: 1521: 1519: 1506: 1505: 1501: 1491: 1489: 1475: 1474: 1470: 1463: 1450: 1449: 1445: 1435: 1433: 1420: 1419: 1410: 1400: 1398: 1384: 1383: 1379: 1369: 1367: 1354: 1353: 1349: 1339: 1337: 1324: 1323: 1316: 1308: 1304: 1294: 1292: 1279: 1278: 1274: 1264: 1262: 1238: 1237: 1233: 1223: 1221: 1205: 1204: 1200: 1190: 1129: 1094: 1089: 1066:, president of 1048:Surrogate Court 1039:Duke University 994: 925:studied there. 898: 879: 860:pulmonary edema 845: 824:Louis Bromfield 818:, jazz pianist 804:Duke Kahanamoku 742: 690:Bellevue Avenue 670: 616:Benedict Canyon 562: 542:Southeast Asian 493:Richland County 481:Louis Bromfield 466:wildlife refuge 462:Duke Kahanamoku 454:Harper's Bazaar 416:, at a ball at 410: 353: 295: 292: 283: 271: 259: 247: 231: 222: 221: 218: 210: 183: 182: 179: 1951) 170: 166: 163: 153: 150: 1943) 141: 137: 134: 116: 87: 77: 73: 64: 61: 55: 53: 45: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5246: 5244: 5236: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5120: 5119: 5113: 5112: 5109: 5108: 5105: 5104: 5102: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5081: 5076: 5074:Maria Kindberg 5071: 5066: 5064:Roberta Dunbar 5061: 5055: 5053: 5045: 5044: 5041: 5034: 5033: 5030: 5029: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5022: 5020:Rose E. Weaver 5017: 5011: 5009: 5005: 5004: 5002: 5001: 4995: 4993: 4989: 4988: 4986: 4985: 4980: 4975: 4969: 4967: 4963: 4962: 4960: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4943: 4941: 4937: 4936: 4934: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4912: 4910: 4906: 4905: 4903: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4886: 4884: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4876: 4871: 4869:Martha McSally 4866: 4861: 4855: 4853: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4829: 4827: 4823: 4822: 4820: 4819: 4813: 4811: 4807: 4806: 4804: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4787: 4785: 4777: 4776: 4773: 4766: 4765: 4762: 4761: 4758: 4757: 4755: 4754: 4748: 4746: 4742: 4741: 4739: 4738: 4733: 4727: 4725: 4721: 4720: 4718: 4717: 4712: 4706: 4704: 4700: 4699: 4697: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4684:Therese Antone 4680: 4678: 4674: 4673: 4671: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4649: 4647: 4643: 4642: 4640: 4639: 4634: 4632:Lila Sapinsley 4629: 4624: 4619: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4593: 4591: 4587: 4586: 4584: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4562: 4560: 4556: 4555: 4553: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4531: 4529: 4525: 4524: 4522: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4500: 4498: 4494: 4493: 4491: 4490: 4484: 4482: 4474: 4473: 4470: 4463: 4462: 4459: 4458: 4455: 4454: 4452: 4451: 4445: 4443: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4419: 4417: 4413: 4412: 4410: 4409: 4407:Maria Spacagna 4404: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4383: 4381: 4377: 4376: 4374: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4352: 4350: 4346: 4345: 4343: 4342: 4337: 4331: 4329: 4325: 4324: 4322: 4321: 4315: 4313: 4309: 4308: 4306: 4305: 4300: 4294: 4292: 4288: 4287: 4285: 4284: 4278: 4276: 4272: 4271: 4269: 4268: 4262: 4260: 4252: 4251: 4248: 4241: 4240: 4237: 4236: 4233: 4232: 4230: 4229: 4223: 4221: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4213: 4208: 4202: 4200: 4196: 4195: 4193: 4192: 4186: 4184: 4180: 4179: 4177: 4176: 4174:Olive F. Wiley 4170: 4168: 4164: 4163: 4161: 4160: 4154: 4152: 4148: 4147: 4145: 4144: 4142:Eleanor Slater 4138: 4136: 4132: 4131: 4129: 4128: 4123: 4117: 4115: 4111: 4110: 4108: 4107: 4102: 4100:Diane L. Coutu 4096: 4094: 4086: 4085: 4082: 4075: 4074: 4071: 4070: 4067: 4066: 4064: 4063: 4058: 4053: 4047: 4045: 4041: 4040: 4038: 4037: 4032: 4026: 4024: 4020: 4019: 4017: 4016: 4010: 4008: 4004: 4003: 4001: 4000: 3994: 3992: 3988: 3987: 3985: 3984: 3979: 3973: 3971: 3967: 3966: 3964: 3963: 3957: 3955: 3947: 3946: 3943: 3936: 3935: 3932: 3931: 3928: 3927: 3925: 3924: 3919: 3914: 3908: 3906: 3902: 3901: 3899: 3898: 3896:Lois Ann Testa 3893: 3888: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3862: 3860: 3856: 3855: 3853: 3852: 3847: 3845:Eileen Farrell 3841: 3839: 3835: 3834: 3832: 3831: 3825: 3823: 3815: 3814: 3811: 3804: 3803: 3798: 3796: 3795: 3788: 3781: 3773: 3764: 3763: 3761: 3760: 3750: 3739: 3736: 3735: 3733: 3732: 3724: 3722: 3718: 3717: 3714: 3713: 3711: 3710: 3709: 3708: 3703: 3693: 3688: 3683: 3677: 3675: 3673:Baseball cards 3666: 3662: 3661: 3658: 3657: 3655: 3654: 3649: 3644: 3639: 3633: 3631: 3627: 3626: 3624: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3592: 3590: 3583: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3575: 3570: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3549: 3547: 3543: 3542: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3529: 3527: 3526: 3517: 3515: 3511: 3510: 3508: 3507: 3498: 3496: 3492: 3491: 3489: 3488: 3483: 3480: 3475: 3472: 3466: 3464: 3457: 3453: 3452: 3447: 3445: 3444: 3437: 3430: 3422: 3416: 3415: 3401: 3396: 3390: 3389: 3373: 3372:External links 3370: 3369: 3368: 3346: 3338:(Video (3:18)) 3325: 3324: 3318: 3303: 3297: 3274: 3273: 3260: 3228: 3192: 3166: 3135: 3109: 3083: 3057: 3026: 2992: 2985: 2959: 2928: 2897: 2871: 2841: 2811: 2804: 2786: 2756: 2723: 2695: 2688: 2668: 2642: 2616: 2586: 2548: 2526: 2487: 2483:Mansfield 1999 2475: 2473:, p. 217. 2471:Mansfield 1999 2463: 2435: 2428: 2410: 2408:, p. 232. 2406:Mansfield 1999 2398: 2373: 2369:Mansfield 1999 2361: 2359:, p. 257. 2357:Mansfield 1999 2346: 2316: 2299: 2297:, p. 132. 2295:Mansfield 1999 2287: 2257: 2226: 2210:1800–present: 2163: 2138:Lance, Peter. 2117: 2095: 2076: 2043: 2041:, p. 270. 2039:Mansfield 1999 2031: 2029:, p. 210. 2027:Mansfield 1999 2016: 2014:, p. 364. 2012:Mansfield 1999 2004: 1973: 1942: 1916: 1890: 1873:umma.umich.edu 1857: 1831: 1829:, p. 300. 1827:Mansfield 1999 1819: 1793: 1767: 1738: 1712: 1705: 1680: 1650: 1631: 1593: 1561: 1544: 1529: 1499: 1468: 1461: 1443: 1408: 1377: 1347: 1314: 1310:Valentine 1987 1302: 1272: 1231: 1197: 1196: 1189: 1186: 1185: 1184: 1178: 1177:as Doris Duke. 1166: 1159:Susan Sarandon 1157:film starring 1146: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1123: 1116: 1109: 1102: 1101:(Putnam 1994). 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1068:Morgan Stanley 993: 990: 968:of Baltimore. 897: 894: 890:General Motors 878: 875: 864:cardiac arrest 844: 841: 752:, January 1940 741: 738: 713:wrongful death 669: 666: 561: 558: 477:Pulitzer Prize 409: 406: 352: 349: 340:American South 297: 296: 294: 293: 291: 290: 278: 266: 254: 242: 225: 217: 216: 215: 212: 211: 209: 208: 205: 199: 197: 193: 192: 189: 185: 184: 168: 164: 159: 158: 157: 156: 139: 135: 130: 129: 128: 127: 124: 122: 118: 117: 115: 114: 109: 104: 101: 99:Philanthropist 95: 93: 89: 88: 78: 76:(aged 80) 70: 66: 65: 62: 51: 47: 46: 43: 35: 34: 31: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5245: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5125: 5123: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5056: 5054: 5050: 5046: 5039: 5035: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5012: 5010: 5006: 5000: 4997: 4996: 4994: 4990: 4984: 4981: 4979: 4976: 4974: 4973:Sarah J. Eddy 4971: 4970: 4968: 4964: 4958: 4957:Betty R. Vohr 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4947:Pauline Maier 4945: 4944: 4942: 4938: 4932: 4931:Mary T. Wales 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4907: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4887: 4885: 4881: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4856: 4854: 4850: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4838:Eileen Slocum 4836: 4834: 4831: 4830: 4828: 4824: 4818: 4815: 4814: 4812: 4808: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4788: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4771: 4767: 4753: 4750: 4749: 4747: 4743: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4729: 4728: 4726: 4722: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4707: 4705: 4701: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4689:Nancy Gewirtz 4687: 4685: 4682: 4681: 4679: 4675: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4644: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4627:Aileen Riggin 4625: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4594: 4592: 4588: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4561: 4557: 4551: 4548: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4536: 4533: 4532: 4530: 4526: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4501: 4499: 4495: 4489: 4486: 4485: 4483: 4479: 4475: 4468: 4464: 4450: 4447: 4446: 4444: 4440: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4420: 4418: 4414: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4384: 4382: 4378: 4372: 4371:Arlene Violet 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4356:Helen A. Bert 4354: 4353: 4351: 4347: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4335:Lizzie Murphy 4333: 4332: 4330: 4326: 4320: 4317: 4316: 4314: 4310: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4295: 4293: 4289: 4283: 4280: 4279: 4277: 4273: 4267: 4264: 4263: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4246: 4242: 4228: 4225: 4224: 4222: 4218: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4203: 4201: 4197: 4191: 4188: 4187: 4185: 4181: 4175: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4165: 4159: 4156: 4155: 4153: 4149: 4143: 4140: 4139: 4137: 4133: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4118: 4116: 4112: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4097: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4080: 4076: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4048: 4046: 4042: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4027: 4025: 4021: 4015: 4012: 4011: 4009: 4005: 3999: 3996: 3995: 3993: 3989: 3983: 3982:Ida Silverman 3980: 3978: 3975: 3974: 3972: 3968: 3962: 3959: 3958: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3941: 3937: 3923: 3920: 3918: 3915: 3913: 3912:JoAnne Carner 3910: 3909: 3907: 3903: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3864: 3863: 3861: 3857: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3842: 3840: 3836: 3830: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3794: 3789: 3787: 3782: 3780: 3775: 3774: 3771: 3759: 3751: 3749: 3741: 3740: 3737: 3731: 3730: 3726: 3725: 3723: 3719: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3698: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3678: 3676: 3674: 3670: 3667: 3663: 3653: 3650: 3648: 3645: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3637:Benjamin Duke 3635: 3634: 3632: 3628: 3622: 3619: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3593: 3591: 3587: 3584: 3580: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3568:Benjamin Duke 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3558:James B. Duke 3556: 3554: 3551: 3550: 3548: 3544: 3539: 3522: 3519: 3518: 3516: 3512: 3503: 3500: 3499: 3497: 3495:Joint venture 3493: 3487: 3484: 3481: 3479: 3476: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3467: 3465: 3461: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3443: 3438: 3436: 3431: 3429: 3424: 3423: 3420: 3413: 3409: 3406: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3391: 3387: 3376: 3371: 3358: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3343: 3336: 3332: 3331: 3330: 3329: 3321: 3315: 3312:. L. Stuart. 3311: 3310: 3304: 3300: 3294: 3290: 3289: 3283: 3282: 3281: 3280: 3271: 3270: 3264: 3261: 3248: 3244: 3243: 3238: 3232: 3229: 3216: 3212: 3211: 3210:Rolling Stone 3206: 3202: 3196: 3193: 3180: 3176: 3170: 3167: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3139: 3136: 3128:September 10, 3123: 3119: 3113: 3110: 3102:September 20, 3097: 3093: 3087: 3084: 3076:September 10, 3071: 3067: 3061: 3058: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3030: 3027: 3014: 3010: 3006: 2999: 2997: 2993: 2988: 2986:9780735534407 2982: 2978: 2973: 2972: 2963: 2960: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2932: 2929: 2916: 2912: 2906: 2904: 2902: 2898: 2890:September 28, 2885: 2881: 2875: 2872: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2845: 2842: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2815: 2812: 2807: 2801: 2797: 2790: 2787: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2760: 2757: 2744: 2740: 2739: 2734: 2727: 2724: 2712: 2711: 2706: 2699: 2696: 2691: 2685: 2681: 2680: 2672: 2669: 2656: 2652: 2646: 2643: 2630: 2626: 2620: 2617: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2590: 2587: 2574: 2570: 2566: 2559: 2557: 2555: 2553: 2549: 2544: 2540: 2533: 2531: 2527: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2491: 2488: 2484: 2479: 2476: 2472: 2467: 2464: 2452: 2451: 2446: 2439: 2436: 2431: 2425: 2421: 2414: 2411: 2407: 2402: 2399: 2387: 2383: 2377: 2374: 2370: 2365: 2362: 2358: 2353: 2351: 2347: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2320: 2317: 2312: 2311: 2303: 2300: 2296: 2291: 2288: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2261: 2258: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2230: 2227: 2215: 2207: 2200: 2199: 2194: 2187: 2180: 2179: 2174: 2167: 2164: 2151: 2147: 2146: 2141: 2134: 2132: 2130: 2128: 2126: 2124: 2122: 2118: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2099: 2096: 2091: 2087: 2086:"Fantasyland" 2080: 2077: 2064: 2060: 2059: 2054: 2047: 2044: 2040: 2035: 2032: 2028: 2023: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2008: 2005: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1977: 1974: 1961: 1957: 1951: 1949: 1947: 1943: 1930: 1926: 1920: 1917: 1904: 1900: 1894: 1891: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1864: 1862: 1858: 1846: 1842: 1835: 1832: 1828: 1823: 1820: 1807: 1803: 1797: 1794: 1781: 1777: 1771: 1768: 1755: 1751: 1745: 1743: 1739: 1726: 1722: 1716: 1713: 1708: 1706:0-06-017218-5 1702: 1697: 1696: 1687: 1685: 1681: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1654: 1651: 1646: 1642: 1635: 1632: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1604: 1602: 1600: 1598: 1594: 1581: 1577: 1576: 1571: 1565: 1562: 1557: 1556: 1548: 1545: 1540: 1533: 1530: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1503: 1500: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1472: 1469: 1464: 1458: 1454: 1447: 1444: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1417: 1415: 1413: 1409: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1381: 1378: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1351: 1348: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1321: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1306: 1303: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1276: 1273: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1247: 1242: 1235: 1232: 1219: 1215: 1214: 1209: 1202: 1199: 1195: 1194: 1187: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1172: 1171: 1167: 1164: 1163:Ralph Fiennes 1161:as Duke, and 1160: 1156: 1152: 1151: 1147: 1144: 1141:as Duke, and 1140: 1139:Lauren Bacall 1136: 1135: 1131: 1130: 1126: 1121: 1117: 1114: 1110: 1107: 1103: 1100: 1096: 1095: 1091: 1086: 1084: 1080: 1077: 1071: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1043: 1040: 1036: 1034: 1028: 1026: 1021: 1019: 1015: 1010: 1006: 1004: 1000: 991: 989: 987: 983: 979: 974: 969: 967: 963: 957: 955: 954:Prescott Farm 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 926: 924: 920: 916: 915:Uttar Pradesh 912: 907: 904: 895: 893: 891: 886: 884: 876: 874: 872: 867: 865: 862:resulting in 861: 857: 852: 850: 842: 840: 838: 837:Imelda Marcos 835: 832: 827: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 806:, film actor 805: 800: 798: 794: 789: 787: 783: 779: 775: 770: 767: 763: 759: 751: 746: 740:Personal life 739: 737: 735: 730: 725: 721: 719: 714: 710: 709: 704: 703: 697: 693: 691: 686: 685:parking brake 681: 679: 675: 667: 665: 663: 659: 653: 650: 648: 643: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 605: 600: 598: 594: 590: 585: 583: 579: 575: 566: 559: 557: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 534: 532: 528: 523: 521: 517: 513: 509: 505: 500: 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 469: 467: 463: 458: 456: 455: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 433:Beverly Sills 430: 425: 423: 419: 415: 407: 405: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 382: 380: 376: 371: 366: 362: 358: 350: 348: 345: 341: 337: 332: 330: 326: 323: 319: 315: 310: 307: 303: 287: 282: 279: 275: 270: 267: 263: 258: 255: 251: 246: 243: 239: 235: 230: 227: 226: 224: 213: 206: 204: 201: 200: 198: 194: 190: 186: 162: 155: 154: 133: 126: 125: 123: 119: 113: 110: 108: 105: 103:art collector 102: 100: 97: 96: 94: 90: 85: 81: 71: 67: 52: 48: 41: 36: 29: 26: 22: 4859:Wilma Briggs 4796:Susan Farmer 4602:Lynne Jewell 4519:Harriet Ware 4508: 3961:Jean Madeira 3886:Janet Moreau 3881:Clara LaMore 3871:Paula Deubel 3727: 3701:Honus Wagner 3596:Duke Factory 3572: 3521:Lucky Strike 3362:November 12, 3360:. Retrieved 3354: 3341: 3327: 3326: 3308: 3287: 3279:Bibliography 3278: 3277: 3268: 3263: 3251:. Retrieved 3240: 3231: 3219:. Retrieved 3208: 3195: 3183:. Retrieved 3179:the original 3169: 3157:. Retrieved 3153:the original 3148: 3138: 3126:. Retrieved 3122:the original 3112: 3100:. Retrieved 3096:the original 3086: 3074:. Retrieved 3070:the original 3060: 3048:. Retrieved 3039: 3029: 3017:. Retrieved 3008: 2970: 2962: 2952:September 1, 2950:. Retrieved 2941: 2931: 2919:. Retrieved 2915:the original 2888:. Retrieved 2884:the original 2874: 2862:. Retrieved 2858:the original 2844: 2832:. Retrieved 2823: 2814: 2795: 2789: 2779:September 5, 2777:. Retrieved 2768: 2759: 2749:September 5, 2747:. Retrieved 2736: 2726: 2714:. Retrieved 2708: 2698: 2678: 2671: 2659:. Retrieved 2655:the original 2645: 2633:. Retrieved 2629:the original 2619: 2607:. Retrieved 2603:the original 2598: 2589: 2577:. Retrieved 2568: 2542: 2517:. Retrieved 2500: 2490: 2478: 2466: 2454:. Retrieved 2448: 2438: 2419: 2413: 2401: 2389:. Retrieved 2385: 2382:"Doris Duke" 2376: 2364: 2337:. Retrieved 2328: 2319: 2308: 2302: 2290: 2278:. Retrieved 2269: 2260: 2248:. Retrieved 2239: 2229: 2219:February 29, 2217:. Retrieved 2197: 2177: 2166: 2154:. Retrieved 2143: 2107: 2098: 2089: 2079: 2067:. Retrieved 2056: 2046: 2034: 2007: 1995:. Retrieved 1986: 1976: 1964:. Retrieved 1960:the original 1935:December 29, 1933:. Retrieved 1919: 1909:December 29, 1907:. Retrieved 1893: 1881:. Retrieved 1872: 1848:. Retrieved 1844: 1834: 1822: 1810:. Retrieved 1796: 1786:February 11, 1784:. Retrieved 1780:the original 1770: 1758:. Retrieved 1754:the original 1729:. Retrieved 1725:the original 1715: 1694: 1671:. Retrieved 1662: 1653: 1640: 1634: 1622:. Retrieved 1613: 1584:. Retrieved 1580:the original 1573: 1564: 1553: 1547: 1538: 1532: 1520:. Retrieved 1511: 1502: 1490:. Retrieved 1481: 1471: 1452: 1446: 1434:. Retrieved 1425: 1399:. Retrieved 1390: 1380: 1368:. Retrieved 1359: 1350: 1338:. 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