235:, after he had left the Gold Coast Café with his friend. Mody died four days later. The four convicted of the attack were Luis Acevedo, Ralph Gonzalez and Luis Padilla, who were convicted of aggravated assault; and William Acevedo, who was convicted of simple assault. The attack was with fists and feet and with an unknown object that was described as either a baseball bat or a brick, and occurred after members of the group, which was estimated as being between ten and twelve youths, had surrounded Mody and taunted him for his baldness as either "Kojak" or "Baldie". Mody's father, Jamshid Mody, later brought charges against the city and police force of
274:, area during the period of 1975–1993 by the group whom many say was based out of a Hopkins Avenue, Jersey City, home. Details are somewhat clouded on whom and what the gang actually went after, but numerous accounts of homes being burglarized and men being attacked in the middle of night have been recorded. Up until 1989, it seemed like a one-way battle until small groups of Indians began to fight back physically all over the state and outlying boroughs of New York. A number of perpetrators have been brought to trial for these assaults. Although tougher anti-hate crime laws were passed by the
207:] years. We will go to any extreme to get Indians to move out of Jersey City. If I'm walking down the street and I see a Hindu and the setting is right, I will hit him or her. We plan some of our most extreme attacks such as breaking windows, breaking car windows, and crashing family parties. We use the phone books and look up the name Patel. Have you seen how many of them there are? Do you even live in Jersey City? Do you walk down Central avenue and experience what its [
263:. The unprovoked attack left Saran in a partial coma for over a week with severe damage to his skull and brain. In September 1992, Thomas Kozak, Martin Ricciardi, and Mark Evangelista were brought to trial on federal civil rights charges in connection with the attack on Saran. However, the three were acquitted of the charges in two separate trials in 1993. Saran testified at both trials that he could not remember the incident.
290:–based group called Indian Youth Against Racism (later simply Youth Against Racism) documented instances of violence against Indians in New Jersey and helped implement a series of educational programs on South Asian cultures for students and faculty at a Jersey City high school. The group also helped get a bill passed in the New Jersey Legislature that raised the mandatory penalties for "bias crimes."
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A few days after the attack on Mody, another Indian was beaten into a coma; this time on a busy street corner in Jersey City
Heights. The victim, Kaushal Saran, was found unconscious at Central and Ferry Avenues, near a city park and firehouse, according to police reports. Saran, a licensed physician
201:"I'm writing about your article during July about the abuse of Indian People. Well I'm here to state the other side. I hate them, if you had to live near them you would also. We are an organization called the Dotbusters. We have been around for 2 [
211:] like to be near them: we have and we just don't want it anymore. You said that they will have to start protecting themselves because the police cannot always be there. They will never do anything. They are a weak [
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These incidents were a severe blow to the Indian immigrant community and jarred it into taking serious political action. While the violence seemed to be aimed at the Hindu community, where the wearing of the
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The
Dotbusters were primarily based in New York and New Jersey and committed most of their crimes in Jersey City. Numerous young men and women were attacked and harassed near
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in the 1980s. The New Jersey-raised philosopher
Falguni A. Sheth mentioned her mother's harassment by "Dotbusters", and subsequent indifference of the
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Numerous racial incidents from vandalism to assault followed. Later that month, a group of youths attacked
Navroze Mody, an Indian man of
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is most common, it is believed that the
Dotbusters' actions were based on racial grounds, aimed indiscriminately at Hindu immigrants. A
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article on the
Dotbusters gang's activities and a similar series of subsequent attacks in the Edison–Iselin area of New Jersey)
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in 1990, the attacks continued, with 58 cases of hate crimes against
Indians in New Jersey reported in 1991.
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stating that they would take any means necessary to drive the
Indians out of Jersey City:
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is a coloured dot or a sticker worn in the center of the forehead, mostly by women from
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in India who was awaiting licensing in the United States, was discharged later from
219:] and mentally. We are going to continue our way. We will never be stopped."
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The gang's activities were spotlighted again in June 2010, when a column by
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in the fall of 1975. The term "dot" in "Dotbusters" originates from the
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Gaiutra, Bahadur, Unmaking Asian
Exceptionalism, Boston, April 4, 2023
307:" made light of the use of a related epithet, "dot heads", in nearby
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382:"THE ERASURE OF INDIAN IMMIGRANT WOMEN IN THE U.S. CARCERAL STATE"
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may be in need of reorganization to comply with
Knowledge (XXG)'s
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Racist hate group based in Jersey City, New Jersey, United States
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451:. The Pluralism Project at Harvard University. Archived from
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violated Navroze Mody's equal protection rights" under the
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Wall Street Journal More Furor Over Time's 'Edison, N.J.'
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Yancy, George; Sheth, Falguni A. (February 27, 2015).
471:"Taunting Led to Killing of Executive, Trial Is Told"
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United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
156:, a traditional forehead mark worn by Indian women.
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Racially motivated violence against Asian Americans
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498:"Verdict of the Third Circuit Court of Appeals in
644:Supreme Court to Mull New Jersey Hate Crime Law
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359:. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. p. 45.
144:from 1975 to 1993 that attacked and threatened
42:to make improvements to the overall structure.
656:Jersey Murder Trial Is Bias Issue for Indians
634:Jersey City Dot-Buster, The Pluralism Project
191:In July 1987, they had a letter published in
8:
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686:Anti-Indian sentiment in the United States
416:"In Jersey City, Indians Protest Violence"
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58:Learn how and when to remove this message
726:Anti-Hindu violence in the United States
357:How Indian Immigrants Made America Home
347:
75:
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414:Marriott, Michel (12 October 1987).
593:"How Liberalism and Racism Are Wed"
389:TCNJ Journal of Student Scholarship
706:History of Jersey City, New Jersey
529:Kaulessar, Ricardo (May 2, 2009).
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617:Hinduism Today article, Jan. 1989
676:1987 crimes in the United States
531:"'DotBusters' victim looks back"
469:James, George (March 15, 1989).
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622:Asian Law Journal article, 2000
355:Kaur, Paramjot (30 July 2018).
215:] race Physically [
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449:"Dot Busters in New Jersey"
380:Singh, Rehat (April 2002).
86:New Jersey City, New Jersey
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711:Indian-American history
500:Mody v. City of Hoboken
401:Mercier (2007). p. 267.
315:, in an interview with
313:New Jersey State Police
142:Jersey City, New Jersey
696:Asian-American history
567:"My Own Private India"
276:New Jersey Legislature
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82:Founding location
336:Anti-Indian sentiment
299:magazine contributor
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73:Criminal organization
691:Anti-Hindu sentiment
331:Anti-Hindu sentiment
305:My Own Private India
245:Fourteenth Amendment
701:Gangs in New Jersey
649:The Washington Post
543:on January 15, 2016
536:The Hudson Reporter
507:Public.Resource.Org
288:Columbia University
272:Jersey City Heights
257:University Hospital
237:Hoboken, New Jersey
114:Criminal activities
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40:editing the article
681:1987 in New Jersey
598:The New York Times
518:on March 10, 2012.
475:The New York Times
421:The New York Times
318:The New York Times
194:The Jersey Journal
231:) origin, into a
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563:Stein, Joel
229:Zoroastrian
135:Hinduphobic
670:Categories
604:2016-04-24
480:2016-05-05
391:(XXIV): 4.
342:References
301:Joel Stein
249:hate crime
160:Background
140:active in
138:hate group
131:Dotbusters
122:hate crime
104:New Jersey
77:Dotbusters
48:April 2022
576:August 9,
547:August 9,
182:Buddhists
100:Territory
95:1975–1993
428:20 March
325:See also
303:titled "
108:New York
270:in the
170:Dharmic
118:assault
363:
309:Edison
261:Newark
184:, and
174:Hindus
385:(PDF)
284:Bindi
225:Parsi
186:Jains
178:Sikhs
166:Bindi
154:bindi
578:2017
571:Time
549:2017
430:2011
361:ISBN
296:Time
233:coma
129:The
259:in
217:sic
213:sic
209:sic
204:sic
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