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To honour the memory of their esteemed physician, a public subscription was raised in Cairns to fund a memorial which would be not only aesthetically pleasing, but functional, and Messrs
Melrose and Fenwick of Townsville were commissioned to design a memorial in the form of a drinking fountain. As it
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As well as his job as a medical and health officer, from
September 1896 Dr Koch was appointed surgeon to the Queensland Military Defence Force's Naval Brigade at Cairns, and in September 1897 accepted the position of visiting surgeon to Cairn's prison. Both these positions were unpaid. He appears to
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was erected in 1903 by the citizens of Cairns, to honour his work in tropical medicine in Cairns and district in the late 19th century. Dr Koch was for many years in charge of Cairns hospital and had his own practice in the town. Skill and kindness made him a revered figure in the local community.
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This memorial immortalises the work of pioneering Cairns doctor Edward Albert Koch, in particular his treatment of malaria and early recognition of the role played by mosquitoes in transmitting the disease. Dr Koch's fever remedy and preventative measures played a significant role in controlling
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Besides formulating the fever mixture, he urged preventative measures, and regularly visited the gangs of workmen engaged in filling the swamps around Cairns, to urge them to roll down their shirt sleeves from 4pm onwards each day. He also visited fortnightly the
Hambledon and Pyramid sugar
374:- became endemic in far north Queensland during the 1880s, especially on the mining fields, in the railway construction camps, and on the sugar plantations. Diagnosis was largely the result of observation and deduction, and treatment was empirical. When the fever was malaria,
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When completed, the memorial stood 14 feet (4.3 m) high, with a dome supported by four worked marble columns, supported by a polished granite die. On two sides of the dome were sculptured likenesses of Dr Koch. The marble columns and sculptured work were imported from
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he appears to have worked in German surgical departments prior to taking a position as
Surgeon Superintendent on a German emigrant ship to Queensland in mid-1877. Koch accepted at least two similar positions on German and British immigrant ships to Queensland and
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Dr Koch gained prominence locally for his medical skills, kindly disposition, and humanitarian work amongst Cairns families. Of particular importance for far north
Queensland was his understanding and successful treatment of tropical fevers, notably
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in Cairns, where it appears he was in private practice. He was appointed as a medical officer at Cairns
Hospital in July 1882, and in April 1884 he also was appointed Health Officer at Cairns, taking over the running of the hospital.
412:, designed both to treat malaria and to be used as a suppressive. 'Dr Koch's Celebrated Fever Mixture for Malaria', prepared by a Cairns chemist, proved highly effective. It was marketed throughout the far north of Queensland and in
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was used to good effect. When typhoid, and quinine did not prove as effective, the diagnosis was often "prolonged or continued climatic fever". More complicated fevers were sometimes described as typho-malaria.
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northwards) in the transmission of malaria, and it was not until 1904 that RA O'Brien, who practised medicine in Cairns 1904-08, for the first time demonstrated malaria parasites microscopically in
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The memorial was still in the
Townsville workshops in late May 1903 but was in place at the intersection of Abbott and Spence Streets by 13 June 1903, when it was unveiled by Major-General Sir
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The Dr EA Koch
Memorial is located in Anzac Memorial Park, in the west corner of the park close to the intersection of Abbott and Spence Streets. It is set against the backdrop formed by
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The memorial also makes an aesthetic contribution to Anzac
Memorial Park and to the streetscape at the intersection of Abbott and Spence Streets.
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in 1870, the year of the German invasion of France. Koch was obliged to join the army, where he worked as a medical officer. Subsequent to the
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The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in
Queensland's history.
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was to be located in the centre of the intersection of Abbott and Spence Streets in the heart of the town, a gas lamp was placed on its top.
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The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
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It has a special association for the people of Cairns as physical evidence of the city's history and sense of identity.
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Dr Koch died on 28 June 1901, aged 57 years, at his residence on the Esplanade at Cairns, and was interred in the
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Dr Koch was admired and respected by past generations, and the memorial survives as evidence of this.
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endemic malaria in far North Queensland in the late 19th century and first half of the 20th century.
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1877-1879. In January 1879 he was granted a first-class certificate to practice medicine by the
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The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.
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Above the dome is a recent lamp fitting and lamp approximating the original.
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408:. Koch patented a fever mixture consisting of quinine dissolved in diluted
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on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from the
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Erected by citizens of Cairns and District to the memory of Dr Koch 1901.
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of Dr Koch. On two faces of the polished granite base is the inscription:
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In the 1880s Dr Koch was among the first to understand the role of the
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have remained in these positions until his death on 28 June 1901.
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665:. Vol. III. Queensland, Australia. 22 March 1884. p. 9
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The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.
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on 27 May 1997 having satisfied the following criteria.
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The memorial comprises a square, rough-finished granite
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prove by scientific experiment the role of the mosquito
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in Italy. The granite for the die and plinth came from
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The whole is surrounded by red concrete-block paving.
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This Knowledge (XXG) article was originally based on
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35:Dr EA Koch Memorial in Anzac Memorial Park, 1996
193:memorial – drinking fountain, lamp/s, sculpture
489:Memorial to Dr. E. A. Koch in Cairns, ca. 1903
227:Location of Dr EA Koch Memorial in Queensland
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332:in Germany in 1843. He studied medicine at
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673:– via National Library of Australia.
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712:"Queensland heritage register boundaries"
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296:and built in 1903. It was added to the
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629:"Dr EA Koch Memorial (entry 601681)"
390:. Not until 1897 did Major Surgeon
762:Buildings and structures in Cairns
705:licence (accessed on 7 July 2014,
694:"The Queensland heritage register"
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292:, Australia. It was designed by
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370:. "Fever" - usually malaria or
255:Dr EA Koch Memorial (Australia)
433:McLeod Street Pioneer Cemetery
105:1900–1914 (early 20th century)
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772:Tourist attractions in Cairns
637:. Queensland Heritage Council
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757:Queensland Heritage Register
634:Queensland Heritage Register
537:Queensland Heritage Register
458:Unveiling the memorial, 1903
298:Queensland Heritage Register
185:(historical, first location)
134:Queensland Heritage Register
336:and received his degree in
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508:which in turn support a
426:South Sea Islands labour
777:Cairns City, Queensland
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468:Governor of Queensland
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386:as the carrier of the
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230:Show map of Queensland
190:Significant components
152:state heritage (built)
744:at Wikimedia Commons
727:on 15 October 2014).
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495:The Reef Hotel Casino
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351:Queensland Government
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294:Melrose & Fenwick
272:is a heritage-listed
258:Show map of Australia
122:Melrose & Fenwick
324:EA Koch was born in
742:Dr EA Koch Memorial
717:State of Queensland
699:State of Queensland
435:the following day.
342:Franco-Prussian war
316:The memorial to Dr
270:Dr EA Koch Memorial
144:Dr EA Koch Memorial
86:16.923°S 145.7787°E
82: /
24:Dr EA Koch Memorial
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355:Oath of Allegiance
318:Edward Albert Koch
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312:Edward Albert Koch
173:Significant period
165:Reference no.
740:Media related to
715:published by the
697:published by the
662:Queensland Figaro
464:Herbert Chermside
397:anopheles farauti
276:at Abbot Street,
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388:malaria parasite
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682:Attribution
657:"PERSONALS"
481:Description
475: 1920
392:Ronald Ross
278:Cairns City
183: 1970
160:27 May 1997
89: /
77:145°46′43″E
65:Coordinates
60:, Australia
46:Cairns City
751:Categories
576:References
402:Townsville
290:Queensland
157:Designated
74:16°55′23″S
58:Queensland
497:complex.
118:Architect
725:archived
707:archived
669:11 April
641:1 August
384:mosquito
330:Holstein
274:memorial
41:Location
506:columns
445:Carrara
376:quinine
372:typhoid
368:malaria
304:History
719:under
701:under
502:plinth
466:, the
338:Berlin
326:Altona
282:Cairns
168:601681
50:Cairns
470:. By
178:1903–
110:Built
671:2016
643:2014
510:dome
149:Type
113:1903
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