31:
70:
published in
Cincinnati, Ohio in 1863. It was one of two African-American newspapers started during the Civil War and it covered interests of African-Americans fighting in the war. The paper was also commonly called the "Soldier's Organ". It was published by John P. Sampson and stopped production in
1867:
166:
447:
1958:
1159:
1509:
1872:
1862:
1756:
1537:
52:
were newspapers published for
African Americans in the United States. Newspapers using the title were published in many cities including in 1867 in
1489:
1258:
1244:
1342:
356:
202:
1251:
440:
1545:
1888:
1195:
1503:
1922:
559:
1580:
1090:
433:
321:
1700:
1153:
1693:
1314:
920:
534:
110:
64:
1573:
629:
462:
74:
1440:
1068:
1008:
643:
121:
1929:
1001:
713:
678:
1679:
1608:
1300:
1132:
650:
527:
1419:
1384:
1307:
1223:
1209:
1022:
825:
755:
720:
594:
541:
513:
160:
60:, the state's first newspaper for African Americans. Many of the papers seem to have existed only briefly.
1915:
1857:
1784:
1636:
1601:
1566:
1029:
934:
913:
842:
664:
499:
244:
81:
53:
346:
1237:
899:
871:
748:
699:
192:
1833:
1791:
1426:
1349:
1321:
1111:
1104:
1097:
987:
864:
857:
804:
727:
608:
1826:
1798:
1531:
1433:
1405:
1356:
1286:
1139:
980:
885:
776:
734:
636:
573:
1812:
1728:
1643:
1594:
1517:
1398:
1188:
1146:
948:
906:
811:
657:
566:
57:
1615:
1721:
1559:
1391:
1377:
1328:
1265:
1125:
966:
878:
797:
769:
671:
492:
352:
198:
1936:
1714:
1672:
1524:
1482:
1447:
1181:
994:
818:
790:
706:
692:
685:
615:
580:
506:
485:
1819:
1805:
1770:
1552:
1461:
1454:
1363:
1293:
1279:
1167:
973:
941:
783:
741:
622:
601:
17:
322:
https://uwf.digital.flvc.org/islandora/search/?type=edismax&collection=uwf%3Acitizen
1840:
1763:
1686:
1587:
1496:
1468:
1370:
1272:
1036:
762:
520:
135:
91:
1952:
1622:
1335:
1015:
892:
850:
587:
100:
published by the
Eagleson Brothers in Fort Scott and Topeka, Kansas from 1878 to 1880
1909:
1777:
1629:
1412:
1230:
1216:
1174:
1118:
1050:
246:
Negro journalism; an essay on the history and present conditions of the negro press
1650:
1475:
1202:
1043:
163:, 1857 U.S. Supreme Court ruling that ruled African Americans were not citizens
94:
of Hinds County. It was the third Black newspaper to be created in
Mississippi.
1893:
1707:
927:
30:
1735:
226:"The Colored Citizen (Cincinnati, Ohio) 1863-18?? [Online Resource]"
125:
425:
114:, a newspaper for African Americans published in Helena, Montana in 1894
1749:
408:
390:
372:
333:
304:
286:
268:
225:
1742:
29:
150:
a startup newspaper published in
Bakersfield, California in 1914
429:
169:, amendment to the U.S. Constitution guaranteeing voting rights
128:
from 1914 through, it is believed, 1958 or around 1965.
1868:
84:
in 1867, created by a Black civic leader, Henry Mason.
409:"The Colored Citizen (Bakersfield, Calif.) 1914-19??"
167:
Fifteenth
Amendment to the United States Constitution
1902:
1881:
1850:
1664:
1082:
1060:
958:
835:
551:
477:
470:
461:
287:"The Colored Citizen (Montgomery, Ala.) 1884-1884"
391:"The Colored Citizen (Lexington, Ky.) 1913-19??"
305:"The Colored Citizen (Helena, Mont.) 1894-1894"
90:established in 1870 in Jackson, Mississippi by
373:"The Colored Citizen (Topeka, Kan.) 1897-1900"
269:"Colored Citizen (Fort Scott, Kan.) 1878-1880"
441:
8:
474:
467:
448:
434:
426:
1873:National Newspaper Publishers Association
1863:National Association of Black Journalists
144:published in Lexington, Kentucky in 1913
106:published in Montgomery, Alabama in 1884
1259:The Colored American (Washington, D.C.)
1245:The Colored American (Augusta, Georgia)
348:The Black press in the South, 1865-1979
194:The Black press in the South, 1865-1979
179:
351:. Greenwood Press. 1983. p. 110.
7:
1959:Lists of African-American newspapers
1252:The Colored American (New York City)
334:https://www.loc.gov/item/sn95026103/
197:. Greenwood Press. 1983. p. 9.
187:
185:
183:
27:List of African-American newspapers
25:
1889:Perry Publishing and Broadcasting
1196:Charlottesville-Albemarle Tribune
80:, a newspaper first published in
1923:Genius of Universal Emancipation
560:African-American News and Issues
1581:Southwestern Christian Advocate
142:The Colored Citizen (Lexington)
118:The Colored Citizen (Pensacola)
1:
1701:The Colored American Magazine
249:. Greencastle, Ind. p. 9
104:Colored Citizen (Montgormery)
34:1863 edition of Cincinnati's
1511:The Philadelphia Independent
921:Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder
535:The Washington Afro-American
111:The Colored Citizen (Helena)
98:Colored Citizen (Fort Scott)
630:The Burning Spear Newspaper
1975:
1441:The Mississippi Enterprise
122:African-American newspaper
1910:Abolitionist publications
714:The Jacksonville Advocate
679:Florida Sentinel Bulletin
134:, newspaper published in
88:Colored Citizen (Jackson)
18:Draft:The Colored Citizen
1680:Black Issues Book Review
1609:The Winter Park Advocate
651:The Charleston Chronicle
528:The Philadelphia Tribune
243:Gore, George W. (1922).
132:Colored Citizen (Topeka)
1420:Metro Herald (Virginia)
1210:The Chicago Conservator
1023:The Sacramento Observer
826:Winston-Salem Chronicle
756:The New Orleans Tribune
721:Jacksonville Free Press
595:Baltimore Afro-American
542:The Washington Informer
514:New York Amsterdam News
161:Dredd Scott v. Sandford
138:from 1897 to about 1900
1916:The Anti-Slavery Bugle
1858:Associated Negro Press
1785:Our Women and Children
1637:Afro-American Sentinel
1567:The Seattle Republican
1030:San Francisco Bay View
935:The St. Louis American
914:The Michigan FrontPage
665:The Christian Recorder
500:New Pittsburgh Courier
456:African American press
82:Vicksburg, Mississippi
54:Vicksburg, Mississippi
38:
1238:The Cleveland Gazette
900:Indianapolis Recorder
872:The Cincinnati Herald
749:New Journal and Guide
700:Houston Forward Times
33:
1834:Visions Metro Weekly
1427:The Michigan Citizen
1350:Indianapolis Freeman
1112:Arkansas State Press
1105:The Aliened American
1098:The Alaska Spotlight
988:Los Angeles Sentinel
865:The Chicago Defender
858:The Chicago Crusader
805:The Triangle Tribune
728:The Louisiana Weekly
609:The Baptist Vanguard
1827:Transition Magazine
1532:The Progressive Era
1434:Mirror of the Times
1406:Memphis Free Speech
1357:Indianapolis Leader
1287:Detroit Plaindealer
1140:Atlanta Independent
886:Fort Wayne Ink Spot
777:Richmond Free Press
735:Louisville Defender
637:Carolina Peacemaker
574:Atlanta Daily World
413:Library of Congress
395:Library of Congress
377:Library of Congress
309:Library of Congress
291:Library of Congress
273:Library of Congress
230:Library of Congress
148:The Colored Citizen
49:The Colored Citizen
36:The Colored Citizen
1595:The Washington Sun
1588:The Washington Bee
1518:Pittsburgh Courier
1504:The People's Voice
1399:The McDowell Times
1189:The Carolina Times
1147:The Black Dispatch
949:St. Louis Sentinel
907:Michigan Chronicle
812:Tri-State Defender
658:The Charlotte Post
567:Atlanta Black Star
58:Reconstruction era
39:
1946:
1945:
1660:
1659:
1560:The Rights of All
1392:Louisville Leader
1378:Jackson Eagle Eye
1329:Frost Illustrated
1322:Freedom's Journal
1266:Daily Negro Times
1154:The Black Panther
1126:Athens Republique
1078:
1077:
1009:Portland Observer
967:Arizona Informant
879:The Columbus Post
798:Tennessee Tribune
770:The Orlando Times
672:The Dallas Weekly
493:Buffalo Criterion
358:978-0-313-22244-3
204:978-0-313-22244-3
16:(Redirected from
1966:
1937:The National Era
1673:Black Enterprise
1574:The Shining Star
1525:Portland New Age
1483:New National Era
1182:California Eagle
995:Los Angeles Wave
819:The Village Beat
791:Savannah Tribune
707:Jackson Advocate
693:Houston Defender
686:The Florida Star
616:Birmingham Times
581:Atlanta Inquirer
507:The New York Age
486:Bay State Banner
475:
468:
450:
443:
436:
427:
417:
416:
405:
399:
398:
387:
381:
380:
369:
363:
362:
343:
337:
331:
325:
319:
313:
312:
301:
295:
294:
283:
277:
276:
265:
259:
258:
256:
254:
240:
234:
233:
222:
216:
215:
213:
211:
189:
21:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1898:
1877:
1846:
1806:Sister 2 Sister
1656:
1616:The Woman's Era
1553:Richmond Planet
1539:Ravenswood Post
1462:Nashville Globe
1455:Muhammad Speaks
1294:Detroit Tribune
1280:The Denver Star
1168:Boston Guardian
1074:
1056:
974:Black Lens News
954:
942:St. Louis Argus
831:
784:Roanoke Tribune
742:The Miami Times
623:Black Chronicle
602:Baltimore Times
547:
457:
454:
423:
421:
420:
407:
406:
402:
389:
388:
384:
371:
370:
366:
359:
345:
344:
340:
332:
328:
320:
316:
303:
302:
298:
285:
284:
280:
267:
266:
262:
252:
250:
242:
241:
237:
224:
223:
219:
209:
207:
205:
191:
190:
181:
176:
157:
76:Colored Citizen
66:Colored Citizen
43:Colored Citizen
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1972:
1970:
1962:
1961:
1951:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1940:
1933:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1837:
1830:
1823:
1816:
1809:
1802:
1795:
1788:
1781:
1774:
1767:
1760:
1753:
1746:
1739:
1732:
1725:
1718:
1711:
1704:
1697:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1647:
1644:The Enterprise
1640:
1633:
1626:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1507:
1500:
1497:Pacific Appeal
1493:
1490:The North Star
1486:
1479:
1472:
1469:The Negro Star
1465:
1458:
1451:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1423:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1381:
1374:
1371:Iowa Bystander
1367:
1360:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1332:
1325:
1318:
1311:
1304:
1297:
1290:
1283:
1276:
1273:Dallas Express
1269:
1262:
1255:
1248:
1241:
1234:
1227:
1220:
1213:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1129:
1122:
1115:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1069:The Final Call
1064:
1062:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1037:Seattle Medium
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
998:
991:
984:
977:
970:
962:
960:
956:
955:
953:
952:
945:
938:
931:
924:
917:
910:
903:
896:
889:
882:
875:
868:
861:
854:
847:
839:
837:
833:
832:
830:
829:
822:
815:
808:
801:
794:
787:
780:
773:
766:
763:Oklahoma Eagle
759:
752:
745:
738:
731:
724:
717:
710:
703:
696:
689:
682:
675:
668:
661:
654:
647:
644:The Carolinian
640:
633:
626:
619:
612:
605:
598:
591:
584:
577:
570:
563:
555:
553:
549:
548:
546:
545:
538:
531:
524:
521:Our Time Press
517:
510:
503:
496:
489:
481:
479:
472:
465:
459:
458:
455:
453:
452:
445:
438:
430:
419:
418:
400:
382:
364:
357:
338:
326:
314:
296:
278:
260:
235:
217:
203:
178:
177:
175:
172:
171:
170:
164:
156:
153:
152:
151:
145:
139:
136:Topeka, Kansas
129:
115:
107:
101:
95:
92:James D. Lynch
85:
72:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1971:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1930:The Liberator
1927:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:Organizations
1849:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1623:Omaha Monitor
1620:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1546:The Reflector
1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1336:Gary American
1333:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1016:Richmond Post
1013:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1004:
1003:
999:
997:
996:
992:
990:
989:
985:
983:
982:
978:
976:
975:
971:
969:
968:
964:
963:
961:
957:
951:
950:
946:
944:
943:
939:
937:
936:
932:
930:
929:
925:
923:
922:
918:
916:
915:
911:
909:
908:
904:
902:
901:
897:
895:
894:
893:Gary Crusader
890:
888:
887:
883:
881:
880:
876:
874:
873:
869:
867:
866:
862:
860:
859:
855:
853:
852:
851:Call and Post
848:
846:
845:
841:
840:
838:
834:
828:
827:
823:
821:
820:
816:
814:
813:
809:
807:
806:
802:
800:
799:
795:
793:
792:
788:
786:
785:
781:
779:
778:
774:
772:
771:
767:
765:
764:
760:
758:
757:
753:
751:
750:
746:
744:
743:
739:
737:
736:
732:
730:
729:
725:
723:
722:
718:
716:
715:
711:
709:
708:
704:
702:
701:
697:
695:
694:
690:
688:
687:
683:
681:
680:
676:
674:
673:
669:
667:
666:
662:
660:
659:
655:
653:
652:
648:
646:
645:
641:
639:
638:
634:
632:
631:
627:
625:
624:
620:
618:
617:
613:
611:
610:
606:
604:
603:
599:
597:
596:
592:
590:
589:
588:Atlanta Voice
585:
583:
582:
578:
576:
575:
571:
569:
568:
564:
562:
561:
557:
556:
554:
550:
544:
543:
539:
537:
536:
532:
530:
529:
525:
523:
522:
518:
516:
515:
511:
509:
508:
504:
502:
501:
497:
495:
494:
490:
488:
487:
483:
482:
480:
476:
473:
469:
466:
464:
460:
451:
446:
444:
439:
437:
432:
431:
428:
424:
414:
410:
404:
401:
396:
392:
386:
383:
378:
374:
368:
365:
360:
354:
350:
349:
342:
339:
335:
330:
327:
323:
318:
315:
310:
306:
300:
297:
292:
288:
282:
279:
274:
270:
264:
261:
248:
247:
239:
236:
231:
227:
221:
218:
206:
200:
196:
195:
188:
186:
184:
180:
173:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
154:
149:
146:
143:
140:
137:
133:
130:
127:
124:published in
123:
119:
116:
113:
112:
108:
105:
102:
99:
96:
93:
89:
86:
83:
79:
77:
73:
69:
67:
63:
62:
61:
59:
55:
51:
50:
45:
44:
37:
32:
19:
1935:
1928:
1921:
1914:
1882:Corporations
1839:
1832:
1825:
1818:
1811:
1804:
1797:
1790:
1783:
1778:Negro Digest
1776:
1769:
1762:
1755:
1748:
1741:
1734:
1727:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1699:
1692:
1685:
1678:
1671:
1649:
1642:
1635:
1630:Western Post
1628:
1621:
1614:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1586:
1579:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1551:
1544:
1538:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1510:
1502:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1413:Memphis Post
1411:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1376:
1369:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1301:The Elevator
1299:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1271:
1264:
1257:
1250:
1243:
1236:
1231:The City Sun
1229:
1222:
1217:Chicago Whip
1215:
1208:
1201:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1175:The Broad Ax
1173:
1166:
1160:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1133:Athens Voice
1131:
1124:
1119:Athens Blade
1117:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1091:The Advocate
1089:
1067:
1051:Sun-Reporter
1049:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1007:
1002:Oakland Post
1000:
993:
986:
979:
972:
965:
947:
940:
933:
926:
919:
912:
905:
898:
891:
884:
877:
870:
863:
856:
849:
843:
824:
817:
810:
803:
796:
789:
782:
775:
768:
761:
754:
747:
740:
733:
726:
719:
712:
705:
698:
691:
684:
677:
670:
663:
656:
649:
642:
635:
628:
621:
614:
607:
600:
593:
586:
579:
572:
565:
558:
540:
533:
526:
519:
512:
505:
498:
491:
484:
422:
412:
403:
394:
385:
376:
367:
347:
341:
329:
317:
308:
299:
290:
281:
272:
263:
251:. Retrieved
245:
238:
229:
220:
208:. Retrieved
193:
147:
141:
131:
117:
109:
103:
97:
87:
75:
68:(Cincinnati)
65:
48:
47:
42:
41:
40:
35:
1757:The Horizon
1651:Omaha Guide
1476:Negro World
1385:Louisianian
1308:The Equator
1224:The Circuit
1203:Chicago Bee
1161:Black Times
1044:The Skanner
78:(Vicksburg)
56:during the
1894:Real Times
1708:The Crisis
1602:The Appeal
928:Omaha Star
463:Newspapers
174:References
1792:Right On!
1736:The Fader
1665:Magazines
981:The Facts
478:Northeast
126:Pensacola
1953:Category
1799:The Root
1343:Harambee
1061:National
844:The Call
253:4 August
210:4 August
155:See also
1903:Related
1750:theGrio
1729:Essence
1315:Freedom
1083:Defunct
836:Midwest
1743:Fire!!
1722:Emerge
1694:Clutch
471:Active
355:
201:
1715:Ebony
552:South
120:, an
71:1865.
1820:Tint
1813:Soul
1771:King
1448:Mojo
959:West
353:ISBN
255:2021
212:2021
199:ISBN
46:and
1841:YSB
1764:Jet
1687:BLK
1364:Ink
336:LOC
324:UWF
1955::
411:.
393:.
375:.
307:.
289:.
271:.
228:.
182:^
449:e
442:t
435:v
415:.
397:.
379:.
361:.
311:.
293:.
275:.
257:.
232:.
214:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
