1164:...As a substance which assists other things in performing their 'temporal' gyrations, Time can be conceived only in the form of whirling posts. That these whirling posts, as we have called the units of Time, cannot, in any manner, be conceived as parts of the substances that revolve around them, is obvious from the fact that they are necessary for the continuance of all other substances, including souls and atoms of matter which are simple ultimate units, and cannot be imagined as carrying a pin each to revolve upon. Time must, therefore, be considered as a separate substance which assists other substances and things in their movements of continuity.
63:
4494:
602:
3332:
1897:
35:
735:
825:. There are innumerable space points in the sentient substance and in the media of motion and rest, and infinite ones in space; in matter they are threefold (i.e. numerable, innumerable and infinite). Time has only one; therefore it is not a conglomerate. Hence the corresponding conglomerates or extensions are called—
968:(knowledge and perception). Though the soul experiences both birth and death, it is neither really destroyed nor created. Decay and origin refer respectively to the disappearing of one state and appearing of another state and these are merely the modes of the soul. Thus Jiva with its attributes and modes, roaming in
878:
consists of pure consciousness in the Jain thought, has innate "free will" that causes it to act but is believed to be intangible and formless. It is the soul that experiences existence and gains knowledge, not mind nor body both believed to a heap of matter. Jain philosophy further believes that the
1123:
The necessity of
Adharmastikaay as the accompanying cause of rest, that is, of cessation of motion will be clearly perceived by any one who will put to himself the question, how jīvas and bodies of matter support themselves when coming to rest from a state of motion. Obviously gravitation will not
986:
are further classified in Jain philosophy by an assigned number of senses which range from one to five sensory organs. Inert world such as air, fire or clod of dirt, considered non-sensate in contemporary science, are asserted in historic texts of
Jainism to be living and with sensory powers.
713:
Jain philosophers distinguish a substance from a body, or thing, by declaring the former as a simple element or reality while the latter as a compound of one or more substances or atoms. They claim that there can be a partial or total destruction of a body or thing, but no
1115:, rest and stability is not possible in the universe. The principle of rest helps matter and the sentient that are liable to stay without moving, like the shade helps travellers. It does not stabilize those that move. According to
1081:
is that of permanence and indestructibility. It combines and changes its modes but its basic qualities remain the same. It cannot be created nor destroyed and the total amount of matter in the universe remains the same.
874:. It is a core concept and the fundamental focus of the Jain theology. The soul is believed to be eternal, and a substance that undergoes constant modifications, in every life, after every rebirth of a living being.
914:
that are free from birth and death. All souls are intrinsically pure but are found in bondage with karma since beginning-less time. A soul has to make efforts to eradicate the karmas attain its true and pure form.
887:(realm of existence), according to Jainism. The soul has the potential to reach omniscience and eternal bliss, and end the cycles of rebirth and associated suffering, which is the goal of Jain spirituality.
761:
building blocks that constitute and explain all existence, whether perceived or not. According to both Śvētāmbara and
Digambara traditions of Jainism, there are six eternal substances in existence: Soul
1103:
motion is not possible. The medium of motion helps matter and the sentient that are prone to motion to move, like water (helps) fish. However, it does not set in motion those that do not move.
1139:
Space is a substance that accommodates the living souls, the matter, the principle of motion, the principle of rest and time. It is all-pervading, infinite and made of infinite space-points.
1099:
means the principles of Motion that pervade the entire universe. Dharmastikaay and
Adharmastikaay are by themselves not motion or rest but mediate motion and rest in other bodies. Without
900:
or souls that are uncreated and always existing. There are two main categories of souls: un-liberated mundane embodied souls that are still subject to transmigration and rebirths in this
1023:. Life processes such as breath means of knowledge such as language, all emotional and biological experiences such as pleasure and pain are all believed in Jainism to be made of
1229:(individuality): capacity by which one attribute or substance does not become another and the substance does not lose the attributes whose grouping forms the substance itself.
794:). Further, both soul and matter are considered as active ontological substances, while the rest are inactive. Another categorization found in Jain philosophy is
879:
soul is the mechanism of rebirth and karma accumulation. It is the same size in all living beings, such as a human being, a tiny insect and a large elephant.
2081:
1057:
or ultimate particle (atoms or sub-atomic particles) is the basic building block of all matter. It possesses at all times four qualities, namely, a color (
1035:
as a metaphysical substance in Jain philosophy may be understood as "that which carries" instead of the literal sense of ordinary physical motion. Thus,
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to function. The Jain philosophy completely separates body (matter) from the soul (consciousness). Souls reside in bodies and journey endlessly through
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939:(doer), is co-extensive with its own body. It is the enjoyer (of its actions), located in the world of rebirth (samsara) (or) emancipated
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is a real entity according to
Jainism and is said to be the cause of continuity and succession. Champat Rai Jain in his book
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Matter is classified as solid, liquid, gaseous, energy, fine Karmic materials and extra-fine matter i.e. ultimate particles.
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3123:
821:, that is, extensions or conglomerates. Since like conglomerates, they have numerous space points, they are described as
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972:(universe), may lose its particular form and assume a new one. Again this form may be lost and the original acquired.
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are believed to be of two types: stationary and mobile. Illustration of the former are plants, while moving
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The sentient substance (soul) is characterized by the function of understanding, is incorporeal, performs
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1223:(knowability): capacity by which it is known by someone, or of being the subject-matter of knowledge.
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1205:(existence): indestructibility; permanence; the capacity by which a substance cannot be destroyed.
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do, for that is concerned with the determination of the direction which a moving body may take...
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includes all verbal and mental activity that contributes to karma and purification of the soul.
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or reality to create, bind, destroy or unbind karma particles to the soul. According to Dundas,
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as rest, is unique to
Jainism among Indian religions. However, like other Indian religions,
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The Living Cosmos of
Jainism: A Traditional Science Grounded in Environmental Ethics
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1981:, (in Prakrit and English) Pandit Nathuram Premi Research Series (vol-19), Mumbai:
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306:
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137:
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62:
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786:). In both traditions, the substance of space is conceptualized as "world space" (
2041:
1914:
1888:
1877:
1836:
1813:
1239:
There are some specific attributes that distinguish the dravyas from each other:
710:
means substances or entity, but it may also mean real or fundamental categories.
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3634:
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3601:
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2299:
2183:
1832:
922:
757:(literally, 'collection that exists'). They are believed to be eternal, and the
719:
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462:
348:
296:
212:
152:
17:
4493:
3198:
1386:
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include examples such as human beings, animals, gods, hell beings and insects.
662:, the universe is made up of six eternal substances: sentient beings or souls (
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2508:
2336:
2284:
1250:(immateriality) are common attributes of the class of substances soul or jiva.
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1857:
A Concise
Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English
1293:
571:
561:
536:
371:
323:
3018:
2243:
3512:
1217:(changeability): capacity by which it is always changing in modifications.
1184:(practical) Time which is a measure of duration—hours, days and the like.
4381:
4376:
3889:
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3596:
3248:
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2727:
2662:
2657:
2411:
2248:
1460:
883:
is everywhere, filling and infused in every minuscule part of the entire
758:
703:
311:
3163:
1999:
Sikdar, J. C. (2001), "Concept of matter", in
Nagendra Kr. Singh (ed.),
1645:
1015:(that is, realms of existence through cycles of rebirths and redeaths).
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3501:
3472:
3335:
3258:
3253:
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3173:
3153:
3093:
3043:
3033:
2983:
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2938:
2883:
2717:
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2368:
2321:
2198:
2173:
2109:
2030:
1048:
682:
670:
54:
3331:
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34:
4386:
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3624:
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2707:
2373:
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2144:
911:
483:
207:
2059:
1770:(Third ed.). New Delhi: Today and Tomorrow's Printers. p.
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1920:
996:
202:
33:
1900:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3283:
3048:
3028:
2134:
1235:(spatiality): capacity of having some kind of location in space.
896:
3303:
2063:
1198:
These substances have some common attributes or gunas such as:
1352:
Acarya
Nemicandra; Nalini Balbir (2010) p. 1 of Introduction
1796:
Acarya Nemicandra; J. L. Jaini (1927) p. 4 (of introduction)
1211:(functionality): capacity by which a substance has function.
1270:(immateriality) are common to Motion, Rest, Time and Space.
1963:, New Delhi: Today & Tomorrows Printer and Publisher,
1628:
1626:
1624:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
722:
school of Indian philosophy also deals with a concept of
1436:
1434:
1387:"Vaisheshika | Atomism, Realism, Dualism | Britannica"
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2630:
2430:
2399:
2314:
2229:
2160:
2153:
2097:
2017:Soni, Jayandra (2000), "Basic Jaina Epistemology",
1841:(Second ed.), London and New York: Routledge,
1618:Nayanar, Prof. A. Chakravarti (2005). verses 16–21
1585:
1176:Jaina philosophers call the substance of Time as
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1373:
845:(space conglomerates). Together they are called
1979:Dravyasamgrha: Exposition of the Six Substances
1784:Acarya Nemicandra; Nalini Balbir (2010) p.11–12
1514:Acarya Nemicandra; Nalini Balbir (2010) p.12–13
1162:
1121:
933:
658:) means substance or entity. According to the
3315:
2075:
1312:The ontological categories and definition of
626:
8:
1746:Acarya Nemicandra; Nalini Balbir (2010) p.11
1737:Acarya Nemicandra; Nalini Balbir (2010) p.10
1609:Acarya Nemicandra; Nalini Balbir (2010) p. 4
1328:also means "immorality, unethical behavior".
1324:also means "moral virtue" in Jainism, while
870:means "soul" in Jainism, and is also called
753:in Jainism are fundamental entities, called
38:Classification of the six eternal substances
4036:
3552:
3322:
3308:
3300:
2157:
2082:
2068:
2060:
817:, five except time have been described as
633:
619:
41:
1977:Acarya Nemicandra; Nalini Balbir (2010),
1659:, MIT Press, Vol. 130, No. 4, pp. 207–224
947:(and) has the intrinsic movement upwards.
1360:
1358:
733:
730:Classification and importance in Jainism
1792:
1790:
1502:
1345:
1305:
1260:(materiality) are attributes of matter.
53:
1959:Nayanar, Prof. A. Chakravarti (2005),
1756:
1754:
1752:
1692:
1680:
1632:
1573:
1490:
1425:
1073:, touch). One of the qualities of the
1069:), and a certain kind of palpability (
1961:Pañcāstikāyasāra of Ācārya Kundakunda
1716:
1668:
1597:
1544:
1440:
894:, this universe consists of infinite
698:). The latter five are united as the
668:), non-sentient substance or matter (
7:
1882:, The Central Jaina Publishing House
1704:
1556:
1532:
738:Chart showing the classification of
1019:consists of everything other than
829:(soul extension or conglomerate),
25:
2003:, New Delhi: Anmol Publications,
1473:from the original on 1 April 2016
4492:
3330:
1895:
1644:Christopher Key Chapple (2001),
991:Ajiva (five non-living entities)
600:
61:
1815:Encyclopedia of World Religions
1364:Grimes, John (1996). Pp.118–119
4428:List of Digambar Jain ascetics
2422:Progressive utilization theory
1916:The Jaina Path of Purification
1027:(matter). These interact with
960:The qualities of the soul are
1:
1005:is believed to rely on other
702:(the non-living). As per the
1180:Time to distinguish it from
4523:Jain philosophical concepts
3513:
2046:, vol. 38, Scarecrow,
1728:Grimes, John (1996). p. 249
1523:J. C. Sikdar (2001) p. 1107
718:can ever be destroyed. The
442:Uttaradhyayana (Śvetāmbara)
218:Aparigraha (non-possession)
4544:
1887:Jain, Champat Rai (1929),
1191:
1146:
1132:
1089:
1046:
994:
860:
680:), the principle of rest (
428:Dravyasamgraha (Digambara)
407:Pravachanasara (Digambara)
4489:
1941:Long, Jeffery D. (2013),
790:) and "non-world space" (
655:
2609:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
2019:Philosophy East and West
1943:Jainism: An Introduction
1859:, New York: SUNY Press,
1266:(non-consciousness) and
1256:(non-consciousness) and
841:(rest conglomerate) and
674:), principle of motion (
582:Parasparopagraho Jivanam
435:Kalpa Sūtra (Śvetāmbara)
225:Anuvratas (further vows)
4392:Jain terms and concepts
4012:Digambar Jain Mahasabha
2539:Samkhyapravachana Sutra
2001:Encyclopedia of Jainism
1466:Encyclopædia Britannica
837:(motion conglomerate),
833:(matter conglomerate),
802:, the latter being all
191:Mahavratas (major vows)
2275:Early Buddhist schools
1651:16 August 2015 at the
1586:Champat Rai Jain 1929b
1174:
1126:
958:
925:describes the soul in
746:
489:Mahavir Janma Kalyanak
400:Samayasāra (Digambara)
213:Brahmacarya (chastity)
39:
4528:Religious cosmologies
4423:List of Jain ascetics
4228:Dynasties and empires
4017:Vishwa Jain Sangathan
2043:The A to Z of Jainism
1983:Hindi Granth Karyalay
1855:Grimes, John (1996),
1374:Champat Rai Jain 1917
737:
208:Asteya (non-stealing)
198:Ahiṃsā (non-violence)
37:
4418:List of Jain temples
2713:Brihadratha Ikshvaku
2550:Sarvadarsanasangraha
2327:Acintya bheda abheda
1893:, The Indian Press,
1890:The Practical Dharma
1767:The Key Of Knowledge
1246:(consciousness) and
1188:Attributes of Dravya
1158:The Key of Knowledge
964:(consciousness) and
857:Jīva (living entity)
367:Schools and Branches
4499:Religion portal
4433:Topics List (index)
3724:Mahamastakabhisheka
2773:Dayananda Saraswati
2347:Nimbarka Sampradaya
2271:Buddhist philosophy
1925:Motilal Banarsidass
1911:Jaini, Padmanabh S.
1818:, Merriam-Webster,
1559:, pp. 122–125.
607:Religion portal
297:The 24 Tirthankaras
4397:Sexual differences
2384:Pashupata Shaivism
2214:Pashupata Shaivism
1879:The Practical Path
1547:, pp. 97–101.
1461:"Dravya – Jainism"
1391:www.britannica.com
747:
414:Agama (Śvetāmbara)
40:
29:Concept in Jainism
4505:
4504:
4187:
4186:
3966:Hampa Nagarajaiah
3859:Auspicious dreams
3787:Bhaktamara Stotra
3660:
3659:
3297:
3296:
3149:Pratītyasamutpāda
2310:
2309:
2091:Indian philosophy
2053:978-0-8108-6337-8
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1952:978-0-85771-392-6
1848:978-0-415-26605-5
1825:978-0-87779-044-0
1762:Jain, Champat Rai
1707:, pp. 75–88.
1695:, pp. 96–98.
1683:, pp. 93–96.
1635:, pp. 95–96.
1600:, p. 97–106.
1588:, pp. 15–16.
1576:, pp. 94–95.
1535:, pp. 83–85.
1443:, pp. 81–89.
1428:, pp. 93–94.
643:
642:
262:Micchami Dukkadam
257:Bhaktamara Stotra
186:Ethics of Jainism
16:(Redirected from
4535:
4497:
4496:
4459:Monks & nuns
4356:Statue of Ahimsa
4313:Pañca-Parameṣṭhi
4037:
3951:Champat Rai Jain
3794:Tattvartha Sutra
3553:
3516:
3334:
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3317:
3310:
3301:
2803:Satyakama Jabala
2738:Akshapada Gotama
2688:Gārgī Vāchaknavī
2668:Vāchaspati Misra
2526:Nyayakusumanjali
2460:Bhagavata Purana
2417:Radical Humanism
2389:Shaiva Siddhanta
2158:
2130:Vedic philosophy
2084:
2077:
2070:
2061:
2056:
2038:Wiley, Kristi L.
2033:
2013:
1995:
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1955:
1937:
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1874:Champat Rai Jain
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1735:
1729:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1690:
1684:
1678:
1672:
1666:
1660:
1642:
1636:
1630:
1619:
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1595:
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1577:
1571:
1560:
1554:
1548:
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1536:
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1524:
1521:
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1512:
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1494:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1457:
1444:
1438:
1429:
1423:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1362:
1353:
1350:
1329:
1310:
1172:
1170:Champat Rai Jain
1117:Champat Rai Jain
1092:Dharma (Jainism)
1043:Pudgala (Matter)
956:
657:
635:
628:
621:
605:
604:
542:Shravanabelagola
449:Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi
421:Tattvartha Sutra
65:
42:
21:
18:Dravya (Jainism)
4543:
4542:
4538:
4537:
4536:
4534:
4533:
4532:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4501:
4491:
4485:
4437:
4401:
4350:Panch Kalyanaka
4284:
4223:
4219:Non-creationism
4183:
4117:
4028:
3980:
3961:Jeffery D. Long
3956:Padmanabh Jaini
3941:Virchand Gandhi
3921:Colette Caillat
3904:
3868:
3818:
3745:
3656:
3606:
3542:
3429:Heavenly beings
3366:
3338:
3328:
3298:
3293:
3119:Parameshashakti
2827:
2763:Ramana Maharshi
2648:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa
2626:
2592:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra
2566:Tattvacintāmaṇi
2439:Abhinavabharati
2426:
2395:
2369:Sikh Philosophy
2357:Vishishtadvaita
2306:
2225:
2149:
2093:
2088:
2054:
2036:
2016:
2011:
1998:
1993:
1976:
1971:
1958:
1953:
1945:, I.B. Tauris,
1940:
1935:
1909:
1896:
1886:
1872:
1867:
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1795:
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1727:
1723:
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1711:
1703:
1699:
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1687:
1679:
1675:
1667:
1663:
1653:Wayback Machine
1643:
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1356:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1332:
1316:as motion, and
1311:
1307:
1302:
1292:— 10th-century
1277:
1196:
1190:
1173:
1168:
1151:
1145:
1137:
1135:Ākāśa (Jainism)
1131:
1109:
1094:
1088:
1051:
1045:
999:
993:
957:
951:
912:liberated souls
892:Jain philosophy
865:
859:
813:Out of the six
732:
660:Jain philosophy
639:
599:
592:
591:
557:
556:
547:
546:
514:
513:
504:
503:
479:
478:
469:
468:
394:
393:
391:Jain literature
382:
381:
364:
363:
354:
353:
292:
291:
282:
281:
272:Ṇamōkāra mantra
252:
251:
242:
241:
183:
182:
173:
172:
103:
102:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4541:
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4531:
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4525:
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4509:
4503:
4502:
4490:
4487:
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4482:
4481:
4476:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
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4436:
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4425:
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4415:
4409:
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4400:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4352:
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4345:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4292:
4290:
4286:
4285:
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4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
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4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4231:
4229:
4225:
4224:
4222:
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4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4195:
4193:
4189:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4174:Southeast Asia
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4118:
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4110:
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4071:
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4061:
4056:
4051:
4045:
4043:
4034:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4008:Organisations
4006:
4001:
3996:
3990:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3976:Jinendra Varni
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3946:Hermann Jacobi
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3880:Digambara monk
3876:
3874:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3839:
3834:
3828:
3826:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3814:Uttaradhyayana
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3782:Namokar Mantra
3776:
3771:
3769:Shatkhandagama
3766:
3764:Pravachanasara
3761:
3755:
3753:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3685:
3684:
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3668:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3651:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3616:
3614:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3575:Kashtha Sangha
3572:
3570:Balatkara Gana
3561:
3559:
3550:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3465:
3455:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3443:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3414:Jain cosmology
3411:
3410:
3409:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3389:
3388:
3387:
3376:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3348:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3336:Jainism topics
3329:
3327:
3326:
3319:
3312:
3304:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3194:Shabda Brahman
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3144:Pratibimbavada
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2783:Vedanta Desika
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2678:Gautama Buddha
2675:
2673:Uddalaka Aruni
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2619:
2612:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2576:
2569:
2562:
2560:Tarka-Sangraha
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2535:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2503:Mimamsa Sutras
2499:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2475:
2473:Buddhist texts
2470:
2463:
2456:
2449:
2442:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2235:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2166:
2164:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2034:
2025:(3): 367–377,
2014:
2009:
1996:
1991:
1974:
1969:
1956:
1951:
1938:
1933:
1907:
1884:
1870:
1865:
1852:
1847:
1829:
1824:
1812:, ed. (1999),
1810:Doniger, Wendy
1804:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1786:
1777:
1748:
1739:
1730:
1721:
1709:
1697:
1685:
1673:
1661:
1637:
1620:
1611:
1602:
1590:
1578:
1561:
1549:
1537:
1525:
1516:
1507:
1505:, p. 551.
1495:
1483:
1445:
1430:
1403:
1378:
1366:
1354:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1289:Dravyasamgraha
1285:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1261:
1251:
1237:
1236:
1230:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1206:
1194:Guṇa (Jainism)
1192:Main article:
1189:
1186:
1166:
1147:Main article:
1144:
1141:
1133:Main article:
1130:
1127:
1113:adharmastikaay
1108:
1107:Adharmastikaay
1105:
1090:Main article:
1087:
1084:
1047:Main article:
1044:
1041:
995:Main article:
992:
989:
953:Dravyasaṃgraha
949:
928:Dravyasamgraha
908:karmic bondage
863:Jīva (Jainism)
861:Main article:
858:
855:
839:adharmastikaya
831:pudgalastikaya
782:) and "Time" (
731:
728:
641:
640:
638:
637:
630:
623:
615:
612:
611:
610:
609:
594:
593:
590:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
558:
554:
553:
552:
549:
548:
545:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
515:
511:
510:
509:
506:
505:
502:
501:
496:
491:
486:
480:
476:
475:
474:
471:
470:
467:
466:
459:
456:Silappatikaram
452:
445:
438:
431:
424:
417:
410:
403:
395:
389:
388:
387:
384:
383:
380:
379:
374:
365:
361:
360:
359:
356:
355:
352:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
314:
309:
304:
299:
293:
289:
288:
287:
284:
283:
280:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
253:
249:
248:
247:
244:
243:
240:
239:
234:
228:
227:
221:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
194:
193:
184:
180:
179:
178:
175:
174:
171:
170:
165:
160:
155:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
125:
120:
115:
110:
104:
98:
97:
96:
93:
92:
91:
90:
85:
80:
75:
67:
66:
58:
57:
51:
50:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4540:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4500:
4495:
4488:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4444:
4440:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4413:List of Jains
4411:
4410:
4408:
4404:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4338:Jain calendar
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4287:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4226:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4190:
4180:
4179:United States
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4120:
4114:
4113:Uttar Pradesh
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4035:
4031:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3916:Nalini Balbir
3914:
3913:
3911:
3907:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3825:
3821:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3748:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3694:Vegetarianism
3692:
3690:
3687:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3545:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3517:
3515:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3434:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3325:
3320:
3318:
3313:
3311:
3306:
3305:
3302:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3124:Parinama-vada
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2830:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2748:Padmasambhāva
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2653:Maṇḍana Miśra
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2643:Abhinavagupta
2641:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2616:Yoga Vasistha
2613:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2509:All 108 texts
2507:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2479:Dharmashastra
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2453:Bhagavad Gita
2450:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2429:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2407:Integral yoga
2405:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2352:Shuddhadvaita
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2085:
2080:
2078:
2073:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2055:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2012:
2010:81-261-0691-3
2006:
2002:
1997:
1994:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1972:
1970:81-7019-436-9
1966:
1962:
1957:
1954:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1936:
1934:81-208-1578-5
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1902:public domain
1892:
1891:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1868:
1866:0-7914-3068-5
1862:
1858:
1853:
1850:
1844:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1781:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1734:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1719:, p. 90.
1718:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1677:
1674:
1671:, p. 91.
1670:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1634:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1615:
1612:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1591:
1587:
1582:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1496:
1493:, p. 95.
1492:
1487:
1484:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1392:
1388:
1382:
1379:
1376:, p. 15.
1375:
1370:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1349:
1346:
1340:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1227:Agurulaghutva
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1171:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1129:Ākāśa (space)
1128:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1101:Dharmastikaay
1098:
1097:Dharmastikaay
1093:
1086:Dharmastikaay
1085:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1004:
998:
990:
988:
985:
981:
977:
973:
971:
967:
963:
954:
948:
946:
944:
938:
932:
930:
929:
924:
921:
918:10th-century
916:
913:
909:
905:
904:
899:
898:
893:
890:According to
888:
886:
882:
877:
873:
869:
864:
856:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
835:dharmastikaya
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
811:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
760:
756:
752:
745:
741:
736:
729:
727:
725:
721:
717:
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
696:
691:
690:
685:
684:
679:
678:
673:
672:
667:
666:
661:
653:
649:
648:
636:
631:
629:
624:
622:
617:
616:
614:
613:
608:
603:
598:
597:
596:
595:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
559:
551:
550:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
519:
518:
508:
507:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
481:
473:
472:
465:
464:
460:
458:
457:
453:
451:
450:
446:
444:
443:
439:
437:
436:
432:
430:
429:
425:
423:
422:
418:
416:
415:
411:
409:
408:
404:
402:
401:
397:
396:
392:
386:
385:
378:
375:
373:
370:
369:
368:
358:
357:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
339:Samantabhadra
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
319:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
294:
290:Major figures
286:
285:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
267:Navkar Mantra
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
254:
246:
245:
238:
235:
233:
230:
229:
226:
223:
222:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
203:Satya (truth)
201:
199:
196:
195:
192:
189:
188:
187:
177:
176:
169:
166:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
144:
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
105:
101:
95:
94:
89:
86:
84:
81:
79:
76:
74:
71:
70:
69:
68:
64:
60:
59:
56:
52:
48:
44:
43:
36:
32:
27:
19:
4354:
4333:Samavasarana
4323:Śalākāpuruṣa
3931:John E. Cort
3842:Ashtamangala
3837:Siddhachakra
3774:Kasayapahuda
3741:Pratikramana
3649:Sthānakavāsī
3457:
3407:Anekāntavāda
3403:Jaina logic
3397:Kevala Jñāna
3392:Epistemology
3224:Iccha-mrityu
3189:Satkaryavada
3089:Nididhyasana
3074:Matsya Nyaya
3003:
2808:Madhvacharya
2638:Adi Shankara
2631:Philosophers
2614:
2607:
2590:
2571:
2564:
2555:Shiva Sutras
2545:Sangam texts
2537:
2530:
2521:Nyāya Sūtras
2501:
2494:
2477:
2467:Brahma Sutra
2466:
2458:
2451:
2446:Arthashastra
2444:
2437:
2379:Pratyabhijna
2259:Anekantavada
2042:
2022:
2018:
2000:
1978:
1960:
1942:
1915:
1894:
1889:
1878:
1856:
1837:
1833:Dundas, Paul
1814:
1780:
1766:
1742:
1733:
1724:
1712:
1700:
1688:
1676:
1664:
1656:
1640:
1614:
1605:
1593:
1581:
1552:
1540:
1528:
1519:
1510:
1503:Doniger 1999
1498:
1486:
1475:, retrieved
1464:
1394:. Retrieved
1390:
1381:
1369:
1348:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1287:
1281:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1253:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1202:
1197:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1163:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1138:
1122:
1112:
1110:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1065:), a smell (
1062:
1061:), a taste (
1058:
1054:
1052:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1010:
1006:
1002:
1000:
983:
979:
975:
974:
969:
965:
961:
959:
952:
940:
934:
926:
917:
901:
895:
889:
884:
880:
875:
871:
867:
866:
850:
849:or the five
847:pancastikaya
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
812:
807:
806:that is not
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
778:) and rest (
775:
771:
767:
763:
754:
750:
748:
743:
739:
723:
715:
712:
707:
699:
693:
692:) and time (
687:
681:
675:
669:
663:
646:
645:
644:
577:Jain symbols
461:
454:
447:
440:
433:
426:
419:
412:
405:
398:
316:
277:Jai Jinendra
250:Jain prayers
224:
190:
142:
138:Kevala Jnana
108:Anekantavada
31:
26:
4275:Rashtrakuta
4192:Jainism and
4091:Maharashtra
4049:Bundelkhand
3936:Paul Dundas
3809:Kalpa Sūtra
3804:Aptamimamsa
3689:Monasticism
3620:Murtipujaka
3602:Kanji Panth
3582:Taran Panth
3565:Mula Sangha
3419:Siddhashila
3352:Tirthankara
3269:Vivartavada
3159:Rājamaṇḍala
3114:Paramananda
2914:Apauruṣheyā
2909:Anupalabdhi
2768:Vivekananda
2733:Dharmakirti
2693:Buddhaghosa
2683:Yājñavalkya
2490:Jain Agamas
2485:Hindu texts
2364:Navya-Nyāya
2300:Svatantrika
2295:Sautrāntika
2184:Vaisheshika
1693:Dundas 2002
1681:Dundas 2002
1633:Dundas 2002
1574:Dundas 2002
1491:Dundas 2002
1426:Dundas 2002
1264:Achetanatva
1254:Achetanatva
1233:Pradeshatva
1149:Kāla (time)
1143:Kāla (time)
923:Nemichandra
827:jivastikaya
792:alokiakasha
774:), motion (
766:), Matter (
759:ontological
720:Vaisheshika
706:etymology,
587:Topics list
512:Pilgrimages
463:Valayapathi
362:Major sects
349:Yashovijaya
153:Brahmacarya
4512:Categories
4454:Literature
4343:Samvatsari
4108:Tamil Nadu
4033:Jainism in
3852:Nandavarta
3799:Samayasāra
3751:Literature
3719:Kshamavani
3714:Paryushana
3677:Meditation
3672:Sallekhana
3612:Śvetāmbara
3533:Ratnatraya
3453:Gunasthana
3372:Philosophy
3219:Svātantrya
3109:Paramatman
3064:Kshetrajna
3039:Ishvaratva
2979:Cittabhumi
2974:Chidabhasa
2924:Asiddhatva
2844:Abhasavada
2818:Guru Nanak
2753:Vasubandhu
2579:Upanishads
2573:Tirukkuṟaḷ
2532:Panchadasi
2337:Bhedabheda
2285:Madhyamaka
2125:Monotheism
1717:Jaini 1998
1669:Wiley 2009
1598:Jaini 1998
1545:Jaini 1998
1441:Jaini 1998
1336:References
1244:Chetanatva
1221:Prameyatva
843:akastikaya
770:), Space (
686:), space (
499:Samvatsari
494:Paryushana
377:Śvetāmbara
344:Haribhadra
334:Siddhasena
329:Kundakunda
237:Sallekhana
163:Gunasthana
158:Aparigraha
100:Philosophy
4372:Sculpture
4308:Ekendriya
4169:Singapore
4154:Hong Kong
4134:Australia
4103:Rajasthan
4074:Karnataka
3986:Community
3971:Bal Patil
3926:Chandabai
3895:Pattavali
3847:Shrivatsa
3832:Jain flag
3709:Festivals
3665:Practices
3653:Terapanth
3640:Tristutik
3630:Kharatara
3592:Terapanth
3587:Bispanthi
3557:Digambara
3380:Five Vows
3357:Ganadhara
3079:Mithyatva
2969:Chaitanya
2964:Catuṣkoṭi
2929:Asatkalpa
2904:Anavastha
2879:Aishvarya
2798:Sakayanya
2793:Sadananda
2758:Gaudapada
2743:Nagarjuna
2698:Patañjali
2514:Principal
2496:Kamasutra
2290:Yogachara
2209:Raseśvara
1913:(1998) ,
1838:The Jains
1835:(2002) ,
1705:Soni 2000
1557:Long 2013
1533:Long 2013
1341:Citations
1294:Jain text
1268:amurtavta
1248:amurtavta
1215:Dravyatva
920:Jain monk
851:astikayas
819:astikayas
788:lokakasha
572:Jain flag
562:Ekendriya
537:Shikharji
477:Festivals
372:Digambara
324:Ganadhara
113:Cosmology
4464:Scholars
4442:Navboxes
4301:Timeline
4250:Ikshvaku
4235:Chalukya
4204:Hinduism
4199:Buddhism
4164:Pakistan
4122:Overseas
3909:Scholars
3890:Kshullak
3873:Ascetics
3864:Swastika
3682:Sāmāyika
3597:Yapaniya
3548:Branches
3244:Tanmatra
3239:Tajjalan
3229:Syādvāda
3129:Pradhana
3104:Padārtha
3069:Lakshana
3014:Ekagrata
2859:Adrishta
2854:Adarsana
2832:Concepts
2813:Mahavira
2778:Ramanuja
2728:Chanakya
2663:Avatsara
2658:Valluvar
2598:Vedangas
2412:Gandhism
2315:Medieval
2264:Syādvāda
2249:Charvaka
2221:Pāṇiniya
2115:Idealism
2040:(2009),
1876:(1917),
1764:(1975).
1657:Daedalus
1649:Archived
1471:archived
1275:See also
1258:murtatva
1209:Vastutva
1182:vyavhāra
1167:—
1111:Without
1075:paramāṇu
1055:Paramāṇu
950:—
910:and the
872:jivatman
823:astikaya
755:astikaya
744:astikaya
704:Sanskrit
652:Sanskrit
527:Palitana
312:Mahavira
302:Rishabha
232:Sāmāyika
83:Timeline
47:a series
45:Part of
4518:Atomism
4474:America
4469:Temples
4318:Pratima
4296:History
4289:Related
4280:Santara
4260:Kalinga
4255:Kadamba
4245:Hoysala
4214:Sikhism
4139:Belgium
4069:Haryana
4064:Gujarat
3994:Śrāvaka
3900:Acharya
3824:Symbols
3778:Mantra
3731:Upadhan
3704:Rituals
3699:Fasting
3538:Kashaya
3528:Saṃsāra
3507:Nirjara
3502:Samvara
3473:Pudgala
3362:Arihant
3289:More...
3259:Upekkhā
3254:Uparati
3234:Taijasa
3209:Śūnyatā
3179:Saṃsāra
3174:Samadhi
3139:Prakṛti
3094:Nirvāṇa
3044:Jivatva
3034:Ikshana
2989:Devatas
2959:Bhumika
2949:Brahman
2939:Avyakta
2884:Akrodha
2864:Advaita
2823:More...
2718:Jaimini
2622:More...
2332:Advaita
2322:Vedanta
2280:Śūnyatā
2239:Ājīvika
2231:Nāstika
2199:Vedanta
2194:Mīmāṃsā
2174:Samkhya
2154:Ancient
2110:Atomism
2105:Atheism
2031:1400179
1803:Sources
1396:2 April
1326:adharma
1318:adharma
1203:Astitva
1160:wrote:
1079:pudgala
1071:sparsha
1049:Pudgala
1025:pudgala
1012:saṃsāra
970:samsara
962:chetana
937:actions
906:due to
903:samsara
815:dravyas
780:Adharma
768:pudgala
683:adharma
671:pudgala
567:Temples
318:Arihant
168:Saṃsāra
78:History
55:Jainism
4479:Bengal
4387:Nigoda
4362:Temple
4328:Tirtha
4270:Pandya
4265:Maurya
4149:Europe
4144:Canada
4129:Africa
4096:Mumbai
4086:Kerala
3885:Aryika
3625:Gaccha
3497:Bandha
3492:Asrava
3487:Tattva
3478:Dharma
3458:Dravya
3446:Causes
3424:Naraka
3385:Ahimsa
3264:Utsaha
3214:Sutram
3204:Sthiti
3199:Sphoṭa
3169:Sakshi
3154:Puruṣa
3134:Prajna
3099:Niyama
3059:Kasaya
3004:Dravya
2994:Dharma
2954:Bhuman
2944:Bhrama
2899:Ananta
2894:Anatta
2889:Aksara
2874:Ahimsa
2849:Abheda
2839:Abhava
2788:Raikva
2708:Kapila
2703:Kanada
2400:Modern
2374:Shaiva
2342:Dvaita
2244:Ajñana
2204:Shaiva
2162:Āstika
2145:Moksha
2098:Topics
2050:
2029:
2007:
1989:
1967:
1949:
1931:
1863:
1845:
1822:
1477:12 May
1322:dharma
1314:dharma
1282:Tattva
1178:Niścay
1067:gandha
1037:dharma
1033:Dharma
1029:tattva
1007:dravya
966:upyoga
804:dravya
776:Dharma
772:akasha
751:dravya
740:dravya
724:dravya
716:dravya
708:dravya
677:dharma
656:द्रव्य
647:Dravya
532:Girnar
484:Diwali
307:Pārśva
181:Ethics
148:Tattva
143:Dravya
128:Dharma
118:Ahimsa
4406:Lists
4367:Stupa
4240:Ganga
4209:Islam
4159:Japan
4079:North
4054:Delhi
4041:India
4022:JAINA
4004:Tamil
3999:Sarak
3759:Agama
3736:Tapas
3523:Death
3514:Mokṣa
3468:Ajiva
3441:Types
3436:Karma
3279:Yamas
3274:Viraj
3249:Tyāga
3184:Satya
3084:Mokṣa
3054:Karma
3009:Dhrti
2934:Ātman
2919:Artha
2723:Vyasa
2603:Vedas
2584:Minor
2431:Texts
2179:Nyaya
2170:Hindu
2140:Artha
2120:Logic
2027:JSTOR
1921:Delhi
1774:–530.
1300:Notes
1059:varna
1017:Ajiva
997:Ajiva
984:Jivas
980:jivas
976:Jivas
943:moksa
897:jivas
800:ajiva
700:ajiva
689:ākāśa
555:Other
517:Tirth
133:Mokṣa
123:Karma
88:Index
73:Jains
4449:Gods
3635:Tapa
3463:Jīva
3344:Gods
3284:Yoga
3049:Kama
3029:Idam
3024:Hitā
3019:Guṇa
2984:Dāna
2869:Aham
2273:and
2254:Jain
2189:Yoga
2135:Kama
2048:ISBN
2005:ISBN
1987:ISBN
1965:ISBN
1947:ISBN
1929:ISBN
1861:ISBN
1843:ISBN
1820:ISBN
1479:2016
1398:2024
1154:Kāla
1077:and
1063:rasa
1021:jiva
1003:jiva
1001:The
885:loka
881:Jiva
876:Jiva
868:Jiva
808:jiva
798:and
796:jiva
784:kala
764:jiva
749:The
742:and
695:kāla
665:jīva
4382:Law
4377:Art
4059:Goa
3164:Ṛta
2999:Dhi
1772:520
955:(2)
522:Abu
4514::
2172::
2023:50
2021:,
1985:,
1927:,
1923::
1919:,
1789:^
1751:^
1655:,
1623:^
1564:^
1469:,
1463:,
1448:^
1433:^
1406:^
1389:.
1357:^
853:.
810:.
726:.
654::
49:on
3323:e
3316:t
3309:v
2083:e
2076:t
2069:v
1904:.
1400:.
1119::
945:)
941:(
931::
762:(
650:(
634:e
627:t
620:v
20:)
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