Dream - Knowledge (XXG)

933:

and 56% of Americans believed their dream content provided them with meaningful insight into their unconscious beliefs and desires. This Freudian view of dreaming was believed significantly more than theories of dreaming that attribute dream content to memory consolidation, problem-solving, or as a byproduct of unrelated brain activity. The same study found that people attribute more importance to dream content than to similar thought content that occurs while they are awake. Americans were more likely to report that they would intentionally miss their flight if they dreamt of their plane crashing than if they thought of their plane crashing the night before flying (while awake), and that they would be as likely to miss their flight if they dreamt of their plane crashing the night before their flight as if there was an actual plane crash on the route they intended to take. Participants in the study were more likely to perceive dreams to be meaningful when the content of dreams was in accordance with their beliefs and desires while awake. They were more likely to view a positive dream about a friend to be meaningful than a positive dream about someone they disliked, for example, and were more likely to view a negative dream about a person they disliked as meaningful than a negative dream about a person they liked.

1003: 984: 343: 410:

dreams. They went to sanctuaries and slept on special "dream beds" in hope of receiving advice, comfort, or healing from the gods. From a Darwinian perspective dreams would have to fulfill some kind of biological requirement, provide some benefit for natural selection to take place, or at least have no negative impact on fitness. Robert (1886), a physician from Hamburg, was the first who suggested that dreams are a need and that they have the function to erase (a) sensory impressions that were not fully worked up, and (b) ideas that were not fully developed during the day. In dreams, incomplete material is either removed (suppressed) or deepened and included into memory.

151: 385:" that seeks to create a plausible narrative from whatever electro-chemical signals reach the brain's left hemisphere. Sleep research has determined that some brain regions fully active during waking are, during REM sleep, activated only in a partial or fragmentary way. Drawing on this knowledge, textbook author James W. Kalat explains, " dream represents the brain's effort to make sense of sparse and distorted information.... The cortex combines this haphazard input with whatever other activity was already occurring and does its best to synthesize a story that makes sense of the information." Neuroscientist 1553: 216: 899: 1039: 1432:

be a great awakening when we know that this is all a great dream. Yet the stupid believe they are awake, busily and brightly assuming they understand things, calling this man ruler, that one herdsman—how dense! Confucius and you are both dreaming! And when I say you are dreaming, I am dreaming, too. Words like these will be labeled the Supreme Swindle. Yet, after ten thousand generations, a great sage may appear who will know their meaning, and it will still be as though he appeared with astonishing speed.

1486: 573: 44: 1027: 208:, in which they outlined a coding system to study 1,000 dream reports from college students. Results indicated that participants from varying parts of the world demonstrated similarity in their dream content. The only residue of antiquity's authoritative dream figure in the Hall and Van de Castle listing of dream characters is the inclusion of God in the category of prominent persons. Hall's complete dream reports were made publicly available in the mid-1990s by his protégé 1300: 426: 1015: 311:. Some "propose to reduce aspects of dream phenomenology to neurobiology." But current science cannot specify dream physiology in detail. Protocols in most nations restrict human brain research to non-invasive procedures. In the United States, invasive brain procedures with a human subject are allowed only when these are deemed necessary in surgical treatment to address medical needs of the same human subject. Non-invasive measures of brain activity like 1101: 940:, namely a selective memory for accurate predictions and distorted memory so that dreams are retrospectively fitted onto life experiences. The multi-faceted nature of dreams makes it easy to find connections between dream content and real events. The term "veridical dream" has been used to indicate dreams that reveal or contain truths not yet known to the dreamer, whether future events or secrets. 124:, dreams dictated post-dream behaviors to an extent that was sharply reduced in later millennia. These ancient writings about dreams highlight visitation dreams, where a dream figure, usually a deity or a prominent forebear, commands the dreamer to take specific actions, and which may predict future events. Framing the dream experience varies across cultures as well as through time. 1538:. In a stricter sense, hallucinations are perceptions in a conscious and awake state, in the absence of external stimuli, and have qualities of real perception, in that they are vivid, substantial, and located in external objective space. The latter definition distinguishes hallucinations from the related phenomena of dreaming, which does not involve wakefulness. 3414:...n dreams,...man passes from the one world to the other without being aware of it. Such is in fact the ordinary idea of the dream to primitive peoples. The "soul" leaves its tenement for the time being. It frequently goes very far away; it communes with spirits or with ghosts. At the moment of awakening it returns to take its place in the body once more. 4269: 1503:, especially one of happy, pleasant thoughts, hopes or ambitions, imagined as coming to pass, and experienced while awake. There are many different types of daydreams, and there is no consistent definition amongst psychologists. The general public also uses the term for a broad variety of experiences. Research by Harvard psychologist 113:. Most modern dream study focuses on the neurophysiology of dreams and on proposing and testing hypotheses regarding dream function. It is not known where in the brain dreams originate, if there is a single origin for dreams or if multiple regions of the brain are involved, or what the purpose of dreaming is for the body or mind. 414:, whose dream studies focused on interpreting dreams, not explaining how or why humans dream, disputed Robert's hypothesis and proposed that dreams preserve sleep by representing as fulfilled those wishes that otherwise would awaken the dreamer. Freud wrote that dreams "serve the purpose of prolonging sleep instead of waking up. 1644: 739: 4253: 362:. Studies detect an increase of blood flow in a specific brain region and then credit that region with a role in generating dreams. But pooling study results has led to the newer conclusion that dreaming involves large numbers of regions and pathways, which likely are different for different dream events. 136:

awakenings elicit dream reports. To be studied, a dream must first be reduced to a verbal report, which is an account of the subject's memory of the dream, not the subject's dream experience itself. So, dreaming by non-humans is currently unprovable, as is dreaming by human fetuses and pre-verbal infants.

409:

For many humans across multiple eras and cultures, dreams are believed to have functioned as revealers of truths sourced during sleep from gods or other external entities. Ancient Egyptians believed that dreams were the best way to receive divine revelation, and thus they would induce (or "incubate")

333:

be done on animal subjects." However, since animal dreaming can be only inferred, not confirmed, animal studies yield no hard facts to illuminate the neurophysiology of dreams. Examining human subjects with brain lesions can provide clues, but the lesion method cannot discriminate between the effects

1347:

In line with the salience hypothesis, there is considerable evidence that people who have more vivid, intense or unusual dreams show better recall. There is evidence that continuity of consciousness is related to recall. Specifically, people who have vivid and unusual experiences during the day tend

1431:

He who dreams of drinking wine may weep when morning comes; he who dreams of weeping may in the morning go off to hunt. While he is dreaming he does not know it is a dream, and in his dream he may even try to interpret a dream. Only after he wakes does he know it was a dream. And someday there will

1284:

monitoring, ocular signaling, incorporation of reality in the form of red light stimuli and a coordinating website. The website tracked when both dreamers were dreaming and sent the stimulus to one of the dreamers where it was incorporated into the dream. This dreamer, upon becoming lucid, signaled

932:

Dream interpretation can be a result of subjective ideas and experiences. One study found that most people believe that "their dreams reveal meaningful hidden truths". The researchers surveyed students in the United States, South Korea, and India, and found that 74% of Indians, 65% of South Koreans

497:

2000 threat simulation hypothesis, whose premise is that during much of human evolution, physical and interpersonal threats were serious, giving reproductive advantage to those who survived them. Dreaming aided survival by replicating these threats and providing the dreamer with practice in dealing

457:

as a distinct phase of sleep and linking dreams to REM sleep. Until and even after publication of the Solms 2000 paper that certified the separability of REM sleep and dream phenomena, many studies purporting to uncover the function of dreams have in fact been studying not dreams but measurable REM

2707:

Similarly, modern neuroscience research is increasingly showing that activation areas on the brain associated with a cognitive process are far more widely distributed than had been thought only a decade or so ago. Indeed, it now seems likely that most of the brain is active in almost any cognitive

1515:

While daydreaming has long been derided as a lazy, non-productive pastime, it is now commonly acknowledged that daydreaming can be constructive in some contexts. There are numerous examples of people in creative or artistic careers, such as composers, novelists and filmmakers, developing new ideas

1314:

The recollection of dreams is extremely unreliable, though it is a skill that can be trained. Dreams can usually be recalled if a person is awakened while dreaming. Women tend to have more frequent dream recall than men. Dreams that are difficult to recall may be characterized by relatively little

1261:

In 1975, psychologist Keith Hearne successfully recorded a communication from a dreamer experiencing a lucid dream. On April 12, 1975, after agreeing to move his eyes left and right upon becoming lucid, the subject and Hearne's co-author on the resulting article, Alan Worsley, successfully carried

771:

of what will happen to the person who experiences each dream, apparently based on previous cases. Some list different possible outcomes, based on occasions in which people experienced similar dreams with different results. The Greeks shared their beliefs with the Egyptians on how to interpret good

538:

But there can be no reasonable doubt that the idea of a soul must have first arisen in the mind of primitive man as a result of observation of his dreams. Ignorant as he was, he could have come to no other conclusion but that, in dreams, he left his sleeping body in one universe and went wandering

943:

In one experiment, subjects were asked to write down their dreams in a diary. This prevented the selective memory effect, and the dreams no longer seemed accurate about the future. Another experiment gave subjects a fake diary of a student with apparently precognitive dreams. This diary described

255:

were much more common than positive ones. The Hall data analysis showed that sexual dreams occur no more than 10% of the time and are more prevalent in young to mid-teens. Another study showed that 8% of both men's and women's dreams have sexual content. In some cases, sexual dreams may result in

267:

The visual nature of dreams is generally highly phantasmagoric; that is, different locations and objects continuously blend into each other. The visuals (including locations, people, and objects) are generally reflective of a person's memories and experiences, but conversation can take on highly

1454:

Dreams of absent-minded transgression (DAMT) are dreams wherein the dreamer absent-mindedly performs an action that he or she has been trying to stop (one classic example is of a quitting smoker having dreams of lighting a cigarette). Subjects who have had DAMT have reported waking with intense

1250:

Lucid dreaming is the conscious perception of one's state while dreaming. In this state the dreamer may often have some degree of control over their own actions within the dream or even the characters and the environment of the dream. Dream control has been reported to improve with practiced

776:, the Greek god of dreams, also sent warnings and prophecies to those who slept at shrines and temples. The earliest Greek beliefs about dreams were that their gods physically visited the dreamers, where they entered through a keyhole, exiting the same way after the divine message was given. 135:

is high and resembles that of being awake. Because REM sleep is detectable in many species, and because research suggests that all mammals experience REM, linking dreams to REM sleep has led to conjectures that animals dream. However, humans dream during non-REM sleep, also, and not all REM

598:

and believed that dreams were the voice of one God alone. Hebrews also differentiated between good dreams (from God) and bad dreams (from evil spirits). The Hebrews, like many other ancient cultures, incubated dreams in order to receive a divine revelation. For example, the Hebrew prophet

749:

In Chinese history, people wrote of two vital aspects of the soul of which one is freed from the body during slumber to journey in a dream realm, while the other remained in the body. This belief and dream interpretation had been questioned since early times, such as by the philosopher

3053:

The dream process is thus seen as having its origin in sensorimotor systems, with little or no primary ideational, volitional, or emotional content. This concept is markedly different from that of the "dream thoughts" or wishes seen by Freud as the primary stimulus for the

964:

Graphic artists, writers and filmmakers all have found dreams to offer a rich vein for creative expression. In the West, artists' depictions of dreams in Renaissance and Baroque art often were related to Biblical narrative. Especially preferred by visual artists were the

1251:

deliberate lucid dreaming, but the ability to control aspects of the dream is not necessary for a dream to qualify as "lucid"—a lucid dream is any dream during which the dreamer knows they are dreaming. The occurrence of lucid dreaming has been scientifically verified.

365:

Image creation in the brain involves significant neural activity downstream from eye intake, and it is theorized that "the visual imagery of dreams is produced by activation during sleep of the same structures that generate complex visual imagery in waking perception."

1631:

One theory of déjà vu attributes the feeling of having previously seen or experienced something to having dreamed about a similar situation or place, and forgetting about it until one seems to be mysteriously reminded of the situation or the place while awake.

1211:

often conceives of dreams, as did Freud, as expressions of the dreamer's deepest fears and desires. In speculative fiction, the line between dreams and reality may be blurred even more in service to the story. Dreams may be psychically invaded or manipulated

1066: 2109:

Dodds (1951), referring to the type of dream described by Macrobius: "This last type is not, I think, at all common in our own dream-experience. But there is considerable evidence that dreams of this sort were familiar in antiquity." (p.

1002: 1368:, tend to show more frequent dream recall. There is also evidence for continuity between the bizarre aspects of dreaming and waking experience. That is, people who report more bizarre experiences during the day, such as people high in 2279:

Do animals dream? We currently have no means of proving it one way or the other, just as we have no way to determine whether human fetuses and newborns are genuinely dreaming before they develop the ability to speak and relate their

944:

events from the person's life, as well as some predictive dreams and some non-predictive dreams. When subjects were asked to recall the dreams they had read, they remembered more of the successful predictions than unsuccessful ones.

475:, which proposed "a functional role for dreaming sleep in promoting some aspect of the learning process...." In 2010 a Harvard study was published showing experimental evidence that dreams were correlated with improved learning. 791:), thought dreams could analyze illness and predict diseases. For instance, a dream of a dim star high in the night sky indicated problems in the head region, while low in the night sky indicated bowel issues. Greek philosopher 663:), and finally, the meaningless everyday dream (hulm). This last dream could be brought forth by the dreamer's ego or base appetite based on what they experienced in the real world. The true dream is often indicated by Islam's 655:. He has argued that dreams play an important role in the history of Islam and the lives of Muslims, since dream interpretation is the only way that Muslims can receive revelations from God since the death of the last prophet, 1177:

s world of Fantastica, which includes places like the Desert of Lost Dreams, the Sea of Possibilities and the Swamps of Sadness. Dreamworlds, shared hallucinations and other alternate realities feature in a number of works by

192:

as the result of a dream in which he was told to do so. After antiquity, the passive hearing of visitation dreams largely gave way to visualized narratives in which the dreamer becomes a character who actively participates.

1511:

reserve the word for these, whereas many other people refer to milder imagery, realistic future planning, review of memories or just "spacing out"—i.e. one's mind going relatively blank—when they talk about "daydreaming".

678:

In both Christianity and Islam dreams feature in conversion stories. According to ancient authors, Constantine the Great started his conversion to Christianity because he had a dream which prophesied that he would win the

512:, dreams evolved as a visual hallucinatory activity during sleep's extended periods of darkness, busying the occipital lobe and thereby protecting it from possible appropriation by other, non-vision, sense operations. 1331:

proposes that dream content that is salient, that is, novel, intense, or unusual, is more easily remembered. There is considerable evidence that vivid, intense, or unusual dream content is more frequently recalled. A

4482: 983: 564:, written before 300 BCE, emphasize two meanings of dreams. The first says that dreams are merely expressions of inner desires. The second is the belief of the soul leaving the body and being guided until awakened. 268:

exaggerated and bizarre forms. Some dreams may even tell elaborate stories wherein the dreamer enters entirely new, complex worlds and awakes with ideas, thoughts and feelings never experienced prior to the dream.

2250:

Dreaming and REM sleep are incompletely correlated. Between 5 and 30% of REM awakenings do not elicit dream reports; and at least 5–10% of NREM awakenings do elicit dream reports that are indistinguishable from

1343:

Adults report remembering around two dreams per week, on average. Unless a dream is particularly vivid and if one wakes during or immediately after it, the content of the dream is typically not remembered.

782:

wrote the first known Greek book on dreams in the 5th century BCE. In that century, other cultures influenced Greeks to develop the belief that souls left the sleeping body. The father of modern medicine,

795:(427-347) wrote that people harbor secret, repressed desires, such as incest, murder, adultery, and conquest, which build up during the day and run rampant during the night in dreams. Plato's student, 611:

interpreted a Pharaoh's dream of seven lean cows swallowing seven fat cows as meaning the subsequent seven years would be bountiful, followed by seven years of famine. Most of the dreams in the

3067: 5268: 485:" theory, which states that dreams are like the cleaning-up operations of computers when they are offline, removing (suppressing) parasitic nodes and other "junk" from the mind during sleep. 587:

In Judaism, dreams are considered part of the experience of the world that can be interpreted and from which lessons can be garnered. It is discussed in the Talmud, Tractate Berachot 55–60.

709:

that several of the Buddha's relatives had premonitory dreams preceding this. Some dreams are also seen to transcend time: the Buddha-to-be has certain dreams that are the same as those of

2311:…I sympathize with Julian Jaynes's claim that something of great import may have happened to the human mind during the relatively brief interval of time between the events narrated in the 1348:

to have more memorable dream content and hence better dream recall. People who score high on measures of personality traits associated with creativity, imagination, and fantasy, such as

2098:

We call a dream oracular in which a parent, or a pious or revered man, or a priest, or even a god clearly reveals what will or will not transpire, and what action to take or to avoid.

1808: 925:

and specifically that dream content is shaped by unconscious wish fulfillment. He argued that important unconscious desires often relate to early childhood memories and experiences.

695:

In Buddhism, ideas about dreams are similar to the classical and folk traditions in South Asia. The same dream is sometimes experienced by multiple people, as in the case of the

176:

In visitation dreams reported in ancient writings, dreamers were largely passive in their dreams, and visual content served primarily to frame authoritative auditory messaging.

4474: 1584:. The dream may contain situations of danger, discomfort, psychological or physical terror. Sufferers usually awaken in a state of distress and may be unable to return to 1384:

Recording or reconstructing dreams may one day assist with dream recall. Using the permitted non-invasive technologies, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and

90:. Humans spend about two hours dreaming per night, and each dream lasts around 5–20 minutes, although the dreamer may perceive the dream as being much longer than this. 936:

According to surveys, it is common for people to feel their dreams are predicting subsequent life events. Psychologists have explained these experiences in terms of

518:

proposes, based on artificial neural networks, that dreams prevent overfitting to past experiences; that is, they enable the dreamer to learn from novel situations.

2882: 2520: 761:

The Babylonians and Assyrians divided dreams into "good," which were sent by the gods, and "bad," sent by demons. A surviving collection of dream omens entitled

4866: 659:. According to Edgar, Islam classifies three types of dreams. Firstly, there is the true dream (al-ru’ya), then the false dream, which may come from the devil ( 526:

Dreams figure prominently in major world religions. The dream experience for early humans, according to one interpretation, gave rise to the notion of a human "

1038: 2331:

Nielsen, Tore A. (1991), "Reality Dreams and Their Effects on Spiritual Belief: A Revision of Animism Theory", in Gackenbach, Jayne; Sheikh, Anees A. (eds.),

1285:

with eye movements; this was detected by the website whereupon the stimulus was sent to the second dreamer, invoking incorporation into that dreamer's dream.

560:, a dream is one of three states that the soul experiences during its lifetime, the other two states being the waking state and the sleep state. The earliest 4640: 3963: 6061: 3027:

Hobson, J. Allan; McCarley, Robert W. (December 1977). "The Brain as a Dream State Generator: An Activation-Synthesis Hypothesis of the Dream Process".

2914:

The view adopted by Robert that the purpose of dreams is to unburden our memory of the useless impressions of daytime is plainly no longer tenable....

5050:

Barrett, D.L. "Fantasizers and Dissociaters: Two types of High Hypnotizables, Two Imagery Styles". in R. Kusendorf, N. Spanos, & B. Wallace (Eds.)

3644: 389:

is even more blunt, calling often bizarre dream content "just the result of your interpreter trying to create a story out of random neural signaling."

5606: 3859: 1516:

through daydreaming. Similarly, research scientists, mathematicians and physicists have developed new ideas by daydreaming about their subject areas.

874:

as a rite of passage, fasting and praying until an anticipated guiding dream was received, to be shared with the rest of the tribe upon their return.

109:, figures prominently in religious texts in several traditions, and has played a lead role in psychotherapy. The scientific study of dreams is called 4627:

Adults report, on average, 1–2.8 dream recalls per week in a dream questionnaire and 2.38 dream recalls per week when a home dream diary is completed

4400: 1812: 3936: 342: 4569: 4145:

Madey, Scott; Thomas Gilovich (1993). "Effects of Temporal Focus on the Recall of Expectancy-Consistent and Expectancy-Inconsistent Information".

539:

off into another. It is considered that, but for that savage, the idea of such a thing as a 'soul' would never have even occurred to mankind....

498:

with them. In 2015, Revonsuo proposed social simulation theory, which describes dreams as a simulation for training social skills and bonds.

116:

The human dream experience and what to make of it has undergone sizable shifts over the course of history. Long ago, according to writings from

4977: 2639:

Hobson, J. A., Pace-Schott, E. F., & Stickgold, R. (2000). "Dreaming and the brain: Toward a cognitive neuroscience of conscious states".

5208: 5189: 5149: 5122: 4926: 4903: 4841: 4814: 4449: 4325: 4263: 4184: 4129: 4111: 4056: 4031: 3694: 3504: 2858: 2304: 2272: 1220: 1184: 320: 316: 1467:

Hypnogogic and hypnopompic dreams, dreamlike states shortly after falling asleep and shortly before awakening, and dreams during stage 2 of

4515: 3316: 6023: 1054: 5054:. New York: Baywood, 1996. and, Barrett, D.L. "Dissociaters, Fantasizers, and their Relation to Hypnotizability" in Barrett, D.L. (Ed.) 1327:, and interference play a role in dream recall. Often, a dream may be recalled upon viewing or hearing a random trigger or stimulus. The 671:, the wife of the Prophet, it is said that the Prophet's dreams would come true like the ocean's waves. Just as in its predecessors, the 5712: 5571: 4072: 1137: 2139:

The Egyptian papyrus of Deral-Madineh was written about 1300 B.C.E. and gives instructions on how to obtain a dream message from a god.

5338: 3494: 2816: 2766:

Braun, A. R.; Balkin, T. J; Wesensten, N. J.; Carson, R. E.; Varga, M.; Baldwin, P.; Selbie, S.; Belenky, G.; Herscovitch, P. (1997).

2676: 867: 855: 807:, for his part, believed that all dreams are produced by thoughts and conversations a dreamer had during the preceding days. Cicero's 719:

states. In Buddhist literature, dreams often function as a "signpost" motif to mark certain stages in the life of the main character.

2382: 1026: 165:

Preserved writings from early Mediterranean civilizations indicate a relatively abrupt change in subjective dream experience between

3249: 3012: 2340: 2132: 2066: 1872: 833:, writes "The visions that occur to us in dreams are, more often than not, the things we have been concerned about during the day." 5090: 1963:

Schredl, Michael; Bohusch, Claudia; Kahl, Johanna; Mader, Andrea; Somesan, Alexandra (2000). "The Use of Dreams in Psychotherapy".

4781: 2495: 2467: 5901: 5896: 5868: 5598: 2421:

Schredl, Michael; Ciric, Petra; Götz, Simon; Wittmann, Lutz (November 2004). "Typical Dreams: Stability and Gender Differences".

1014: 296: 6013: 3442: 3405: 1552: 326:

Scientists researching some brain functions can work around current restrictions by examining animal subjects. As stated by the

6056: 5987: 5746: 5611: 4226: 1693: 1442: 472: 150: 4200: 1926: 1128: 3003:

Smith, Robert C. (1991), "The Meaning of Dreams: A Current Warning Theory", in Gackenbach, Jayne; Sheikh, Anees A. (eds.),

1411:

Some philosophers have proposed that what we think of as the "real world" could be or is an illusion (an idea known as the

6328: 6136: 5998: 1058: 334:

of destruction and disconnection and cannot target specific neuronal groups in heterogeneous regions like the brain stem.

4942:

Hajek P, Belcher M (1991). "Dream of absent-minded transgression: an empirical study of a cognitive withdrawal symptom".

1841: 6008: 5936: 5781: 1468: 742: 680: 491:

1995 proposal that dreams serve a "quasi-therapeutic" function, enabling the dreamer to process trauma in a safe place.

3540: 215: 6141: 2960:; Kleitman, Nathaniel (1953). "Regularly Occurring Periods of Eye Motility, and Concomitant Phenomena, during Sleep". 2590:"Neurosurgical Patients as Human Research Subjects: Ethical Considerations in Intracranial Electrophysiology Research" 2524: 1050: 4352: 2151:

Lesku, J. A.; Meyer, L. C. R.; Fuller, A.; Maloney, S. K.; Dell'Omo, G.; Vyssotski, A. L.; Rattenborg, N. C. (2011).

271:

People who are blind from birth do not have visual dreams. Their dream contents are related to other senses, such as

1613:

that predominantly affects children, causing feelings of terror or dread. Night terrors should not be confused with

1151:. Unlike many dream worlds, Carroll's logic is like that of actual dreams, with transitions and flexible causality. 6003: 5235: 1328: 201: 93:

The content and function of dreams have been topics of scientific, philosophical and religious interest throughout

5951: 5103:

American Psychiatric Association (2000), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed, TR, p. 631

4858: 898: 6219: 6028: 5976: 5076: 4679: 1879:

Clay tablets have been found, dating to about 2500 B.C.E., that contain interpretive material for Babylonian and

1357: 1147: 959: 710: 4002: 212:. More recent studies of dream reports, while providing more detail, continue to cite the Hall study favorably. 5776: 5493: 3189:

Revonsuo, A. (2000). "The reinterpretation of dreams: an evolutionary hypothesis of the function of dreaming".

1436:

The idea also is discussed in Hindu and Buddhist writings. It was formally introduced to Western philosophy by

642: 454: 404: 327: 128: 5024:

Barrett, D.L. (1979). "The Hypnotic Dream: Its Content in Comparison to Nocturnal Dreams and Waking Fantasy".

4283: 625:

mostly shared the beliefs of the Hebrews and thought that dreams were of a supernatural character because the

347: 3910: 2378:

Hall, C., & Van de Castle, R. (1966). The Content Analysis of Dreams. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

2355:

Atwan, Robert (1981). "The Interpretation of Dreams, The Origin of Consciousness, and the Birth of Tragedy".

1459:. One study found a positive association between having these dreams and successfully stopping the behavior. 6316: 6097: 5906: 4751: 3652: 1365: 1361: 1320: 1074: 232: 35: 3856: 6412: 5961: 5796: 5331: 4407: 4360: 3555: 1804: 1485: 1349: 1281: 1214: 970: 844: 604: 382: 79: 31: 5284: 3940: 3232:

Revonsuo, A.; Tuominen, J. (2015). "Avatars in the Machine: Dreaming as a Simulation of Social Reality".

2589: 308: 6234: 5966: 2073:…any more ancient cultures think that dreams are imposed by a force that resides outside the individual. 1761: 1726: 1535: 1307: 1170: 937: 829: 804: 684: 629:

includes frequent stories of dreams with divine inspiration. The most famous of these dream stories was

359: 302: 2549:; Pace-Schott, Edward F.; Stickgold, Robert (2000). "Dream science 2000: A response to commentaries on 572: 6388: 5576: 5563: 3560: 3401: 3120: 2969: 2164: 2093: 1500: 1412: 1062: 883: 637:. Many Christians preach that God can speak to people through their dreams. The famous glossary, the 369:

Dreams present a running narrative rather than exclusively visual imagery. Following their work with

312: 276: 98: 4595:

Herlin, Bastien; Leu-Semenescu, Smaranda; Chaumereuil, Charlotte; Arnulf, Isabelle (December 2015).

3267:"The Defensive Activation Theory: REM Sleep as a Mechanism to Prevent Takeover of the Visual Cortex" 851:

and for what may be understood as the "timeless time" of formative creation and perpetual creating.

6383: 6373: 5839: 5739: 1316: 1232: 1124: 929:

and others expanded on Freud's idea that dream content reflects the dreamer's unconscious desires.

170: 48: 3541:"Istikhara: The Guidance and practice of Islamic dream incubation through ethnographic comparison" 1299: 425: 358:

Denied precision tools and obliged to depend on imaging, much dream research has succumbed to the

6393: 6146: 6046: 5911: 5455: 5168: 5085: 4671: 4542:

Watson, David (2003). "To dream, perchance to remember: Individual differences in dream recall".

4507: 4455: 3994: 3573: 3214: 3144: 2876: 2748: 2570: 2446: 2241: 1200: 1142: 1094: 700: 549: 450: 261: 5313:– online sleep research database documenting physiological effects of dreams through biofeedback 5273: 2654: 1072:

In literature, dream frames were frequently used in medieval allegory to justify the narrative;

763: 4641:"The brain as a dream-state generator: An activation-synthesis hypothesis of the dream process" 6403: 5465: 5324: 5204: 5185: 5145: 5118: 4959: 4922: 4899: 4837: 4810: 4725: 4717: 4663: 4618: 4445: 4382: 4321: 4259: 4180: 4162: 4125: 4107: 4052: 4027: 3986: 3785: 3690: 3686: 3500: 3383: 3365: 3298: 3245: 3206: 3136: 3044: 3008: 2985: 2864: 2854: 2812: 2789: 2740: 2619: 2438: 2336: 2300: 2268: 2233: 2192: 2128: 2062: 2007: 1999: 1922: 1868: 1649: 1569: 1493: 1195: 974: 966: 809: 779: 638: 630: 577: 440: 374: 352: 43: 4906: 4080: 3469: 2895:

Robert, W. Der Traum als Naturnothwendigkeit erklärt. Zweite Auflage, Hamburg: Seippel, 1886.

1280:

Communication between two dreamers has also been documented. The processes involved included

6453: 6398: 6338: 5644: 5586: 5289: 5033: 5010: 4951: 4709: 4655: 4608: 4551: 4437: 4373:

Watanabe, T. (2003). "Lucid Dreaming: Its Experimental Proof and Psychological Conditions".

4154: 3978: 3889: 3777: 3678: 3565: 3373: 3355: 3288: 3278: 3237: 3198: 3171: 3128: 3036: 2977: 2957: 2779: 2732: 2609: 2601: 2562: 2430: 2225: 2182: 2172: 1991: 1741: 1663: 1658: 1561: 1385: 922: 581: 482: 446: 433: 378: 252: 94: 3510: 3162:

Hartmann, Ernest (1995). "Making Connections in a Safe Place: Is Dreaming Psychotherapy?".

2488: 1100: 803:

activity during sleep, such as eyes trying to see while the sleeper's eyelids were closed.

6269: 6196: 6174: 6121: 5881: 5786: 5659: 5417: 5399: 5389: 5384: 5263: 4769: 4697: 4356: 4317: 3863: 2489:"Badan Pusat Statistik "Indonesia Young Adult Reproductive Health Survey 2002–2004" p. 27" 2471: 2386: 2379: 2292: 1746: 1731: 1703: 1668: 1504: 1456: 1424: 1263: 1208: 1159: 616: 509: 488: 468: 386: 209: 158: 5080: 3843: 3613:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984), qtd. in Lenski, "Reign of Constantine" (CC), 71. 4833:

States of Consciousness: Experimental Insights into Meditation, Waking, Sleep and Dreams

4773: 3124: 2973: 2168: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6343: 6214: 6156: 5859: 5759: 5732: 5616: 5581: 5139: 3378: 3343: 3293: 3266: 2614: 2464: 2187: 2152: 1678: 1610: 1406: 1179: 918: 889: 501: 494: 197: 132: 56: 5304: 4555: 1273:

Comparing the electrical activity of the brain while singing awake and while dreaming.

6432: 6321: 6169: 6126: 6076: 6071: 5844: 5705: 5649: 5544: 5539: 5529: 5450: 5445: 5258: 4459: 4174: 3679: 3577: 3446: 3218: 2939: 2905: 2698: 2574: 1945: 1751: 1525: 1372:(psychosis proneness), have more frequent dream recall and also report more frequent 1337: 1333: 1255: 1132: 1081: 914: 848: 800: 727: 715: 648: 626: 478: 411: 121: 4675: 4230: 3148: 2450: 1626: 862:

populations believe that dreams are a way of visiting and having contact with their

6289: 6066: 6051: 5460: 5440: 5379: 4994: 3998: 2752: 2546: 2245: 1688: 1597: 1508: 1389: 1108: 1086: 906: 893: 871: 836: 595: 464: 4204: 3894: 3877: 4831: 4804: 3822: 3569: 3360: 2981: 2399: 2177: 6348: 6224: 6164: 6116: 6111: 6102: 5941: 5891: 5886: 5768: 5639: 5534: 5521: 5498: 5409: 5394: 4955: 4713: 4570:"Why Do Some People Always Remember Their Dreams, While Others Almost Never Do?" 4432:

Laberge, Stephen (2014). "Lucid dreaming: Paradoxes of dreaming consciousness".

3836: 2028: 1785:. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. 2000 1420: 1294: 1245: 1164: 784: 696: 531: 370: 145: 117: 5037: 4475:"Saying 'Hi' Through A Dream: How The Internet Could Make Sleeping More Social" 4158: 2784: 2767: 2723:(2000). "Dreaming and REM sleep are controlled by different brain mechanisms". 2434: 2216:(2000). "Dreaming and REM sleep are controlled by different brain mechanisms". 6407: 6353: 6333: 6131: 6107: 6038: 5956: 5849: 5819: 5814: 5804: 5553: 5549: 5483: 5351: 3283: 3202: 2868: 2736: 2720: 2566: 2229: 2213: 1835: 1736: 1683: 1639: 1607: 1531: 1369: 1155: 751: 723: 675:

also recounts the story of Joseph and his unique ability to interpret dreams.

622: 561: 505: 398: 166: 110: 4721: 4386: 3369: 2003: 6417: 6368: 6363: 6229: 6191: 5928: 5834: 5824: 5809: 5724: 5698: 5677: 5634: 5626: 5488: 5427: 5231: 5174: 4659: 4176:

Don't Believe Everything You Think: The 6 Basic Mistakes We Make in Thinking

3581: 3040: 2605: 2085: 1709: 1698: 1673: 1614: 1547: 1437: 1373: 1226: 953: 926: 824: 814: 796: 768: 705: 594:

connected their dreams heavily with their religion, though the Hebrews were

515: 280: 248: 220: 102: 52: 5141:

The Dream Directory: The Comprehensive Guide to Analysis and Interpretation

4729: 4622: 4597:"Evidence that non-dreamers do dream: a REM sleep behaviour disorder model" 4049:

How We Know What Isn't So: the fallibility of human reason in everyday life

3990: 3789: 3387: 3302: 3241: 3210: 2989: 2848: 2744: 2623: 2442: 2237: 2196: 2011: 4963: 4349: 4166: 3140: 2793: 1919:

Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary

745:(虎跑夢泉) Statue at Hupao Spring (Hupaomengquan) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China 461:

Theories of dream function since the identification of REM sleep include:

6284: 6259: 6179: 5971: 5946: 5672: 1995: 1982:

Kavanau, J.L. (2000). "Sleep, memory maintenance, and mental disorders".

1782: 1756: 1480: 1416: 1353: 1008:

José de Ribera (1591–1652). El sueño de Jacob, from Prado in Google Earth

863: 773: 656: 557: 189: 75: 17: 5316: 4667: 3048: 1419:). The first recorded mention of the idea was in the 4th century BCE by 1392:

activity and dream motor behavior (such as walking and hand movements).

6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6279: 6184: 6018: 5918: 5876: 5829: 5667: 5435: 5374: 2123:

Krippner, Stanley; Bogzaran, Fariba; Carvalho, André Percia de (2002).

1880: 1863:

Krippner, Stanley; Bogzaran, Fariba; Carvalho, Andre Percia de (2002).

1715: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1324: 1120: 840: 660: 591: 272: 228: 4613: 4596: 4441: 3964:"When dreaming is believing: The (motivated) interpretation of dreams" 645:, attempted to teach Christian populations to interpret their dreams. 439:

A turning point in theorizing about dream function came in 1953, when

330:, "Because no adequate alternatives exist, much of this research must 6378: 6264: 5277: 3982: 3781: 3175: 3132: 3092:

Evans, C.; Newman, E. (1964). "Dreaming: An analogy from computers".

1720: 1090: 859: 664: 634: 608: 600: 508:

2021 defensive activation theory, which says that, given the brain's

257: 227:

In the Hall study, the most common emotion experienced in dreams was

181: 4434:

Varieties of anomalous experience: Examining the scientific evidence

1049:

Many later graphic artists have depicted dreams, including Japanese

813:

described a lengthy dream vision, which in turn was commented on by

799:(384–322 BCE), believed dreams were caused by processing incomplete 381:

postulated, without attempting to specify the neural mechanisms, a "

5307:

A long-running USENET forum wherein readers post and analyze dreams

4287: 3496:

The Dream in Islam: From Qur'anic Tradition to Jihadist Inspiration

1388:(EMG), researchers have been able to identify basic dream imagery, 1089:. Even before them, in antiquity, the same device had been used by 6274: 5755: 5475: 3914: 3412:. Translated by Lilian A. Clare. New York: Macmillan. p. 98. 1585: 1551: 1484: 1298: 1099: 897: 792: 737: 672: 668: 652: 612: 571: 424: 341: 319:

cannot identify small but influential neuronal populations. Also,

284: 236: 214: 177: 149: 106: 87: 67: 42: 1617:, which are bad dreams that cause the feeling of horror or fear. 323:

signals are too slow to explain how brains compute in real time.

3111:

Crick, F.; Mitchison, G. (1983). "The function of dream sleep".

1565: 1556:

Woman having a nightmare. Jean-Pierre Simon (1764–1810 or 1813).

1270:

Using eye signals to map the subjective sense of time in dreams.

1190: 738: 553: 527: 240: 83: 71: 5728: 5320: 4978:"The Science of Dreaming: 9 Key Points | Psychology Today" 3344:"The overfitted brain: Dreams evolved to assist generalization" 2588:

Chiong, Winston; Leonard, Matthew K.; Chang, Edward F. (2018).

127:

Dreaming and sleep are intertwined. Dreams occur mainly in the

6358: 6254: 5241: 4255:

The Dream Cycle of H. P. Lovecraft: Dreams of Terror and Death

4104:

Parapsychology: Science or Magic?: a psychological perspective

1127:

since the 19th century. One of the best-known dream worlds is

244: 4806:

The Psychophysiology of Thinking: Studies of Covert Processes

2912:. Translated by James Strachey. New York: Avon. p. 188. 2357:

Research Communication in Psychology, Psychiatry and Behavior

1867:. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. p. 9. 1423:, and in Eastern philosophy, the problem has been named the " 1336:

can be used to assist dream recall, for personal interest or

2946:. Translated by James Strachey. New York: Avon. p. 253. 2850:

The oracle of night : the history and science of dreams

1921:. Austin: University of Texas Press. pp. 71–72, 89–90. 105:

in the third millennium BCE and even earlier by the ancient

5251: 4073:"Llewellyn Worldwide – Encyclopedia: Term: Veridical Dream" 3857:

Uluru – Kata Tjuta National Park: Tjukurpa – Anangu culture

3717:(pp. 341–350). London, England: Cambridge University Press. 3471:

A letter that has not been read: Dreams in the Hebrew Bible

3317:"Weird dreams train us for the unexpected, says new theory" 2768:"Regional cerebral blood flow through the sleep-wake cycle" 1560:

A nightmare is an unpleasant dream that can cause a strong

2853:. Daniel Hahn, Sidarta Translation of: Ribeiro. New York. 2127:. Albany: State University of New York Press. p. 10. 5117:(5th ed.). New York: Worth Publishers. p. 157. 4284:"The Neverending Story – Book – Pictures – Video – Icons" 2035:. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 105. 1530:

A hallucination, in the broadest sense of the word, is a

913:

Beginning in the late 19th century, Austrian neurologist

4227:"William Langland's The Vision Concerning Piers Plowman" 3681:

Dreaming in the world's religions: A comparative history

2265:

Dreaming in the world's religions: A comparative history

1258:" is a term sometimes used for those who lucidly dream. 1044:

Anton Raphael Mengs. Traum des Hl. Joseph (1773 or 1774)

5221:. Cambridge, MA & London: Harvard University Press. 5184:. New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 139–. 4995:

Dormio: A Targeted Dream Incubation Device – PMC – NCBI

3728:

Divinatorische Texte I : ... oneiromantische Omina

2677:"Policies on the Use of Animals and Humans in Research" 1809:

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

5310: 3768:

McCurdy, H. G. (1946). "The history of dream theory".

3068:"Study Links Dreaming to Increased Memory Performance" 2465:"1093: Sex dreams: what do men and women dream about?" 607:

before the Ark and receive the word of the Lord", and

5252:

The International Association for the Study of Dreams

1984:

Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences

1507:

has found that people who experience vivid dreamlike

307:

Dream study is popular with scientists exploring the

5247:

Archive for Research in Archetypal Symbolism website

4401:"The University of Chicago Department of Psychiatry" 1276:

Studies comparing in-dream sex, arousal, and orgasm.

6247: 6207: 6155: 6085: 6037: 5985: 5927: 5867: 5858: 5795: 5766: 5690: 5658: 5625: 5597: 5562: 5520: 5511: 5474: 5426: 5408: 5365: 5358: 5246: 2836:. Chantilly, VA: The Teaching Company. p. 393. 2096:. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 90. 772:and bad dreams, and the idea of incubating dreams. 204:. In 1966, Hall and Robert Van de Castle published 5113:Hockenbury, Don H.; Hockenbury, Sandra E. (2010). 3835: 1965:The Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research 4898:(New York: Columbia University Press, 1996), 43. 4752:"How close are we to video-recording our dreams?" 3713:in G. E. Von Grunebaum & R. Caillois (Eds.), 722:Buddhist views about dreams are expressed in the 4919:Buddhism As Presented by the Brahmanical Systems 3962:Morewedge, Carey K.; Norton, Michael I. (2009). 2061:. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. p. 85. 1912: 1910: 1908: 1906: 1602:A night terror, also known as a sleep terror or 530:," a central element in much religious thought. 264:. These are colloquially known as "wet dreams". 4890:, "Discussion on making all things equal," 12. 4859:"Can We Turn Our Dreams Into Watchable Movies?" 4307: 4305: 3539:Edgar, Iain R.; Henig, David (September 2010). 3265:Eagleman, David M.; Vaughn, Don A. (May 2021). 2834:Brain Myths Exploded: Lessons from Neuroscience 2811:(12th ed.). Boston: Cengage. p. 288. 1952:. Translated by James Strachey. New York: Avon. 1471:, also occur, but are shorter than REM-dreams. 1262:out this task. Years later, psychophysiologist 3911:"Dreams: Practical Meaning & Applications" 3672: 3670: 2374: 2372: 2370: 2125:Extraordinary Dreams and How To Work with Them 1865:Extraordinary Dreams and How To Work with Them 921:, theorized that dreams reflect the dreamer's 5740: 5332: 5081:"Discovering the Virtues of a Wandering Mind" 4314:Science in popular culture: a reference guide 4203:. Washington State University. Archived from 3638: 3636: 3007:, Amityville, NY: Baywood, pp. 127–146, 2400:"The Classification and Coding of Characters" 2335:, Amityville, NY: Baywood, pp. 233–264, 8: 5219:Dreams and Еxperience in Classical Antiquity 4774:"Scientists 'read dreams' using brain scans" 4147:Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 3971:Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2118: 2116: 200:collected more than 50,000 dream reports at 5004: 5002: 2705:. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. p. 4. 2521:"How do blind people dream? – The Body Odd" 1230:, 2010) or even come literally true (as in 767:records various dream scenarios as well as 603:would "lie down and sleep in the temple at 6062:Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder 5864: 5747: 5733: 5725: 5517: 5362: 5339: 5325: 5317: 4508:"The Science Behind Dreams and Nightmares" 4051:. Simon & Schuster. pp. 177–180. 2881:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2478:Volume 30, Abstract Supplement, 2007 A376. 1057:(1760–1849) and Western European painters 685:adopted the Chi-Rho as his battle standard 27:Event occurring in the mind while sleeping 5607:Thought recording and reproduction device 4836:. Springer Science & Business Media. 4612: 4537: 4535: 4533: 3893: 3651:. Vol. 13. p. 7. Archived from 3559: 3377: 3359: 3292: 3282: 2783: 2613: 2299:. New York: Pantheon Books. p. 289. 2208: 2206: 2186: 2176: 2023: 2021: 1154:Other fictional dream worlds include the 788: 180:, the king of the Sumerian city-state of 5267:) is being considered for deletion. See 4017: 4015: 3649:The encyclopedia of South Asian Folklore 3441:Krishnananda, Swami (16 November 1996). 2402:. University of California at Santa Cruz 1940: 1938: 82:that usually occur involuntarily in the 5064:Psychotherapy research and applications 3913:. The DREAMS Foundation. Archived from 3534: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3499:. Oxford: Berghahn Books. p. 178. 2927:A Critical Dictionary of Psychoanalysis 1774: 979: 219:A soldier dreams: the trenches of WWI. 129:rapid-eye movement (REM) stage of sleep 4830:Cvetkovic, Dean; Cosic, Irena (2011). 4698:"How to Build a Dream-Reading Machine" 4544:Personality and Individual Differences 4502: 4500: 4272:from the original on 3 September 2013. 3743:. San Francisco: Chandler & Sharp. 3711:Mantic Dreams in the Ancient Near East 2874: 2778:. Oxford University Press: 1173–1197. 2635: 2633: 2398:Schneider, Adam; Domhoff, G. William. 1917:Black, Jeremy; Green, Anthony (1992). 188:2144–2124 BCE), rebuilt the temple of 5181:"The Practical Use of Dream-analysis" 2929:. London: Penguin Books, 1995, p. 41. 2703:Reliability in Cognitive Neuroscience 1185:The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch 651:has researched the role of dreams in 522:Religious and other cultural contexts 287:, whichever are present since birth. 7: 5066:, New York: Praeger/Greenwood, 2010. 5060:History, theory and general research 4639:Hobson, J.A.; McCarly, R.W. (1977). 4124:. Prometheus Books. pp. 78–81. 4026:. Prometheus Books. pp. 78–81. 3939:. Dream Encyclopedia. Archived from 3611:Lactantius: De Mortibus Persecutorum 2501:from the original on 9 December 2012 2059:Dreams in Myth, Medicine, and Movies 1815:from the original on 11 October 2007 169:antiquity and the beginnings of the 5572:Psychoanalytic dream interpretation 5093:from the original on 21 April 2017. 4518:from the original on 22 August 2013 4252:Lovecraft, Howard Phillips (1995). 4229:. The History Guide. Archived from 3842:. Oxford University Press. p. 3443:"The Mandukya Upanishad, Section 4" 3005:Dream Images: A Call to Mental Arms 2731:(6): 843–850, discussion 904–1121. 2333:Dream Images: A Call to Mental Arms 2037:The Greeks never spoke as we do of 1897:Magic, Supernaturalism and Religion 1805:"Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep" 430:Grandmother and Granddaughter Dream 4869:from the original on 4 August 2016 4784:from the original on 27 April 2016 4750:Hawks, Charlotte (April 5, 2018). 4436:(2nd ed.). pp. 145–173. 4406:. 5 September 1975. Archived from 3878:"Quiche Maya dream Interpretation" 3741:Dreams, culture and the individual 3029:The American Journal of Psychiatry 2653:Ringach, Dario L. (30 July 2009). 1844:from the original on 18 April 2006 1564:response from the mind, typically 1266:conducted similar work including: 1194:. Similar themes were explored by 989:Nicolas Dipre. Le songe de Jacob. 755: 25: 5271:to help reach a consensus. › 4857:Oldis, Daniel (4 February 2016). 4696:Underwood, Emily (5 April 2013). 3866:environment.gov.au, June 23, 2006 3630:, 43, 306; Odahl, 105–06, 319–20. 2153:"Ostriches sleep like platypuses" 2090:Commentary on the Dream of Scipio 1032:Rembrandt. Dream of Joseph (1645) 903:Joseph Interprets Pharaoh's Dream 140:Subjective experience and content 51:dreaming of a confrontation with 5902:Obesity hypoventilation syndrome 5897:Central hypoventilation syndrome 5599:Cognitive neuroscience of dreams 4894:Zhuàngzi, Burton Watson trans., 4485:from the original on 31 May 2016 4122:Pseudoscience and the Paranormal 4024:Pseudoscience and the Paranormal 1642: 1588:for a prolonged period of time. 1138:Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 1113:Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 1037: 1025: 1013: 1001: 982: 819:Commentarii in Somnium Scipionis 420:of sleep and not its disturbers. 297:Cognitive neuroscience of dreams 6057:Periodic limb movement disorder 6024:Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder 5612:Activation-synthesis hypothesis 5179:The Practice of Psychotherapy. 3937:"Native American Dream Beliefs" 1694:Dreams in analytical psychology 1443:Meditations on First Philosophy 667:tradition. In one narration by 473:activation-synthesis hypothesis 5026:Journal of Abnormal Psychology 5008:Klinger, Eric (October 1987). 4648:American Journal of Psychiatry 4312:Van Riper, A. Bowdoin (2002). 2942:(1965). James Strachey (ed.). 2908:(1965). James Strachey (ed.). 1948:(1965). James Strachey (ed.). 206:The Content Analysis of Dreams 1: 6329:Biphasic and polyphasic sleep 6137:Nocturnal clitoral tumescence 5999:Advanced sleep phase disorder 4917:Kher, Chitrarekha V. (1992). 4556:10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00114-9 3895:10.1525/eth.1981.9.4.02a00050 3715:The Dream and Human Societies 3191:Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2725:Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2641:Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2555:Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2218:Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2033:The Greeks and the Irrational 1119:Dreams have also featured in 1111:(1820–1914), illustration in 1020:Raphael. Jacob's Dream (1518) 990: 633:that stretches from Earth to 185: 6009:Delayed sleep phase disorder 5937:Excessive daytime sleepiness 5283:Dixit, Jay (November 2007). 4921:. Sri Satguru Publications. 3730:. Harrassowitz Verlag, 2007. 3663:– via Indian Folklife. 3570:10.1080/02757206.2010.496781 3474:. Hebrew Union College Press 3430:. London: Faber. p. 23. 3361:10.1016/j.patter.2021.100244 2982:10.1126/science.118.3062.273 2944:The Interpretation of Dreams 2910:The Interpretation of Dreams 2523:. March 2012. Archived from 2178:10.1371/journal.pone.0023203 1950:The Interpretation of Dreams 839:is a common term within the 743:Dreaming of the Tiger Spring 681:battle of the Milvian Bridge 6142:Nocturnal penile tumescence 6014:Irregular sleep–wake rhythm 5201:Dreams (Routledge Classics) 4956:10.1037/0021-843X.100.4.487 4714:10.1126/science.340.6128.21 4340:Van Riper, op. cit., p. 57. 2315:and those that make up the 1723:, a Sumerian dream demoness 1450:Absent-minded transgression 1440:in the 17th century in his 975:Gospel according to Matthew 315:(EEG) voltage averaging or 6470: 6004:Cyclic alternating pattern 5217:Harris, William V. (2009) 5038:10.1037/0021-843x.88.5.584 4159:10.1037/0022-3514.65.3.458 4106:. Oxford: Pergamon Press. 3342:Hoel, Erik (14 May 2021). 2679:. Society for Neuroscience 2435:10.3200/JRLP.138.6.485-494 2380:Content Analysis Explained 1624: 1595: 1545: 1523: 1499:A daydream is a visionary 1478: 1404: 1292: 1243: 957: 951: 887: 881: 847:for a personal, or group, 402: 396: 300: 294: 231:. Other emotions included 202:Western Reserve University 143: 29: 6220:Behavioral sleep medicine 6029:Shift work sleep disorder 5977:Sleep state misperception 5056:Hypnosis and Hypnotherapy 4601:Journal of Sleep Research 4201:"The book of the duchess" 4102:Alcock, James E. (1981). 4047:Gilovich, Thomas (1991). 3803:Rycroft, Charles (1979). 3284:10.3389/fnins.2021.632853 3271:Frontiers in Neuroscience 3203:10.1017/S0140525X00004015 2847:Ribeiro, Sidarta (2021). 2832:Viskontas, Indre (2017). 2737:10.1017/S0140525X00003988 2567:10.1017/S0140525X00954025 2470:27 September 2007 at the 2423:The Journal of Psychology 2267:. NYU Press. p. 14. 2230:10.1017/S0140525X00003988 1899:. New York: Random House. 1834:Lee Ann Obringer (2006). 1148:Through the Looking-Glass 960:Dream world (plot device) 703:. It is described in the 641:, written in the name of 631:Jacob's dream of a ladder 86:during certain stages of 5777:Rapid eye movement (REM) 5713:Interpretation of Dreams 5494:Rapid eye movement sleep 5269:templates for discussion 5138:Lohff, David C. (2004). 5052:Hypnosis and Imagination 3709:Oppenheim, L.A. (1966). 3677:Bulkeley, Kelly (2008). 3628:Constantine and Eusebius 3609:44.4–6, tr. J.L. Creed, 3607:De Mortibus Persecutorum 3548:History and Anthropology 2807:Kalat, James W. (2015). 2785:10.1093/brain/120.7.1173 2263:Bulkeley, Kelly (2008). 405:Rapid eye movement sleep 328:Society for Neuroscience 196:From the 1940s to 1985, 6098:Exploding head syndrome 5907:Obstructive sleep apnea 5203:. New York: Routledge. 4982:www.psychologytoday.com 4660:10.1176/ajp.134.12.1335 4120:Hines, Terence (2003). 4022:Hines, Terence (2003). 3805:The Innocence of Dreams 3726:Nils P. Heessel : 3428:An Experiment with Time 3041:10.1176/ajp.134.12.1335 2057:Packer, Sharon (2002). 2041:a dream, but always of 1380:Dream-recording machine 1366:hypnotic susceptibility 1310:and Franz Riepenhausen. 1221:Nightmare on Elm Street 1075:The Book of the Duchess 155:Usha Dreaming Aniruddha 36:Dreams (disambiguation) 6413:Sleeping while on duty 5962:Idiopathic hypersomnia 5285:"Dreams: Night School" 5115:Discovering psychology 4375:J Int Soc Life Inf Sci 4361:The Lucidity Institute 3753:Hobson, J. A. (1988). 3685:. NYU Press. pp. 3426:Dunne, J. W. (1950) . 3242:10.15502/9783958570375 2657:. Speaking of Research 2551:Dreaming and the Brain 1669:Dream of Macsen Wledig 1557: 1496: 1434: 1350:openness to experience 1319:, and factors such as 1311: 1116: 1080:The Vision Concerning 996:Avignon, Petit Palais. 910: 845:indigenous Australians 843:creation narrative of 746: 584: 541: 481:and Mitchison's 1983 " 436: 383:left-brain interpreter 355: 224: 162: 59: 32:Dream (disambiguation) 6235:Neuroscience of sleep 5967:Night eating syndrome 5952:Kleine–Levin syndrome 4803:Mcguigan, F. (2012). 4355:13 March 2007 at the 4173:Kida, Thomas (2006). 3739:O'Neil, C.W. (1976). 2809:Biological Psychology 2606:10.1093/neuros/nyx361 2385:12 April 2007 at the 1762:Works based on dreams 1727:List of dream diaries 1555: 1488: 1429: 1308:Johannes Riepenhausen 1302: 1293:Further information: 1171:The Neverending Story 1103: 969:dream in Genesis and 958:Further information: 948:Images and literature 907:Jacques Joseph Tissot 901: 888:Further information: 805:Marcus Tullius Cicero 741: 575: 536: 428: 403:Further information: 360:law of the instrument 345: 303:Neuroscience of sleep 301:Further information: 218: 153: 144:Further information: 47:A painting depicting 46: 6389:Sleep and creativity 5577:Embodied imagination 5564:Dream interpretation 5058:, (2 vol.): Vol. 1: 4258:. Ballantine Books. 4179:. Prometheus Books. 4008:on 14 November 2020. 3909:Webb, Craig (1995). 3876:Tedlock, B. (1981). 3862:11 July 2009 at the 3770:Psychological Review 3513:on 29 September 2011 3493:Edgar, Iain (2011). 3406:"Chapter III Dreams" 3066:Benjamin, Victoria. 2655:"The limits of fMRI" 1996:10.1176/jnp.12.2.199 1895:Seligman, K (1948). 1534:in the absence of a 1413:skeptical hypothesis 884:Dream interpretation 393:Theories on function 313:electroencephalogram 157:(oleographic print) 99:Dream interpretation 30:For other uses, see 6384:Sleep and breathing 5840:Sensorimotor rhythm 5199:Jung, Carl (2002). 4863:The Huffington Post 4207:on 14 November 2012 3655:on 25 February 2018 3468:Bar, Shaul (2001). 3410:Primitive Mentality 3125:1983Natur.304..111C 3072:The Harvard Crimson 2974:1953Sci...118..273A 2169:2011PLoSO...623203L 1401:Illusion of reality 1329:salience hypothesis 1233:The Lathe of Heaven 1125:speculative fiction 971:St. Joseph's dreams 856:Indigenous American 576:Jacob's dream of a 453:paper establishing 317:cerebral blood flow 262:nocturnal emissions 101:, practiced by the 66:is a succession of 6394:Sleep and learning 6147:Nocturnal emission 6047:Nightmare disorder 5912:Periodic breathing 5456:Nightmare disorder 5169:Dreaming (journal) 5086:The New York Times 4350:Lucid dreaming FAQ 4320:. pp. 56–57. 4083:on 18 October 2016 3834:Herodotus (1998). 3755:The Dreaming Brain 3643:Young, S. (2003). 3587:on 8 November 2017 3402:Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien 2925:Rycroft, Charles. 2527:on 24 January 2013 2297:Self Comes to Mind 1562:negative emotional 1558: 1497: 1312: 1224:films, 1984–2010; 1201:The Circular Ruins 1198:, for instance in 1143:Looking-Glass Land 1117: 1095:Lucian of Samosata 911: 747: 585: 550:Mandukya Upanishad 437: 356: 348:The Knight's Dream 309:mind–brain problem 225: 163: 60: 6426: 6425: 6404:Sleep deprivation 6243: 6242: 5722: 5721: 5686: 5685: 5507: 5506: 5210:978-0-415-26740-3 5191:978-0-7100-1645-4 5151:978-0-7624-1962-3 5144:. Running Press. 5124:978-1-4292-1650-0 4928:978-81-7030-293-3 4904:978-0-231-10595-8 4843:978-3-642-18047-7 4816:978-0-323-14700-2 4654:(12): 1335–1348. 4614:10.1111/jsr.12323 4574:Discover Magazine 4451:978-1-4338-1529-4 4442:10.1037/14258-006 4327:978-0-313-31822-1 4265:978-0-345-38421-8 4186:978-1-59102-408-8 4131:978-1-57392-979-0 4113:978-0-08-025773-0 4077:www.llewellyn.com 4058:978-0-02-911706-4 4033:978-1-57392-979-0 3696:978-0-8147-9956-7 3626:1.27–29; Barnes, 3506:978-0-85745-235-1 3119:(5922): 111–114. 3035:(12): 1335–1348. 2968:(3062): 273–274. 2958:Aserinsky, Eugene 2860:978-1-5247-4690-2 2699:Uttal, William R. 2643:, 23(6), 793–842. 2306:978-0-307-37875-0 2274:978-0-8147-9956-7 1650:Psychology portal 1494:Joseph Noel Paton 1358:fantasy proneness 1196:Jorge Luis Borges 1145:from its sequel, 1065:(1881–1973), and 870:tribes have used 810:Somnium Scipionis 724:Pāli Commentaries 639:Somniale Danielis 353:Antonio de Pereda 253:Negative emotions 55:, shown inside a 16:(Redirected from 6461: 6399:Sleep and memory 6339:Circadian rhythm 6086:Benign phenomena 5988:Circadian rhythm 5865: 5749: 5742: 5735: 5726: 5645:Dream incubation 5587:Dream dictionary 5518: 5363: 5341: 5334: 5327: 5318: 5301: 5299: 5297: 5290:Psychology Today 5214: 5195: 5156: 5155: 5135: 5129: 5128: 5110: 5104: 5101: 5095: 5094: 5079:(28 June 2010). 5073: 5067: 5048: 5042: 5041: 5021: 5015: 5011:Psychology Today 5006: 4997: 4992: 4986: 4985: 4974: 4968: 4967: 4944:J Abnorm Psychol 4939: 4933: 4932: 4914: 4908: 4884: 4878: 4877: 4875: 4874: 4854: 4848: 4847: 4827: 4821: 4820: 4800: 4794: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4772:(4 April 2013). 4770:Morelle, Rebecca 4766: 4760: 4759: 4747: 4741: 4740: 4738: 4736: 4693: 4687: 4686: 4684: 4678:. Archived from 4645: 4636: 4630: 4629: 4616: 4592: 4586: 4585: 4583: 4581: 4566: 4560: 4559: 4550:(7): 1271–1286. 4539: 4528: 4527: 4525: 4523: 4504: 4495: 4494: 4492: 4490: 4470: 4464: 4463: 4429: 4423: 4422: 4420: 4418: 4413:on 26 April 2012 4412: 4405: 4397: 4391: 4390: 4370: 4364: 4347: 4341: 4338: 4332: 4331: 4309: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4286:. Archived from 4280: 4274: 4273: 4249: 4243: 4242: 4240: 4238: 4223: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4212: 4197: 4191: 4190: 4170: 4142: 4136: 4135: 4117: 4099: 4093: 4092: 4090: 4088: 4079:. Archived from 4069: 4063: 4062: 4044: 4038: 4037: 4019: 4010: 4009: 4007: 4001:. Archived from 3983:10.1037/a0013264 3968: 3959: 3953: 3952: 3950: 3948: 3943:on 15 April 2012 3933: 3927: 3926: 3924: 3922: 3906: 3900: 3899: 3897: 3873: 3867: 3854: 3848: 3847: 3841: 3831: 3825: 3815: 3809: 3808: 3800: 3794: 3793: 3782:10.1037/h0062107 3765: 3759: 3758: 3750: 3744: 3737: 3731: 3724: 3718: 3707: 3701: 3700: 3684: 3674: 3665: 3664: 3662: 3660: 3640: 3631: 3624:Vita Constantini 3620: 3614: 3603: 3597: 3596: 3594: 3592: 3586: 3580:. Archived from 3563: 3561:10.1.1.1012.7334 3545: 3536: 3523: 3522: 3520: 3518: 3509:. Archived from 3490: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3465: 3459: 3458: 3456: 3454: 3445:. Archived from 3438: 3432: 3431: 3423: 3417: 3416: 3398: 3392: 3391: 3381: 3363: 3339: 3333: 3332: 3330: 3328: 3313: 3307: 3306: 3296: 3286: 3262: 3256: 3255: 3229: 3223: 3222: 3186: 3180: 3179: 3176:10.1037/h0094437 3159: 3153: 3152: 3133:10.1038/304111a0 3108: 3102: 3101: 3089: 3083: 3082: 3080: 3078: 3063: 3057: 3056: 3024: 3018: 3017: 3000: 2994: 2993: 2954: 2948: 2947: 2936: 2930: 2923: 2917: 2916: 2902: 2896: 2893: 2887: 2886: 2880: 2872: 2844: 2838: 2837: 2829: 2823: 2822: 2804: 2798: 2797: 2787: 2763: 2757: 2756: 2717: 2711: 2710: 2695: 2689: 2688: 2686: 2684: 2673: 2667: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2650: 2644: 2637: 2628: 2627: 2617: 2585: 2579: 2578: 2547:Hobson, J. Allan 2543: 2537: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2517: 2511: 2510: 2508: 2506: 2500: 2493: 2485: 2479: 2461: 2455: 2454: 2418: 2412: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2395: 2389: 2376: 2365: 2364: 2352: 2346: 2345: 2328: 2322: 2321: 2293:Damasio, Antonio 2289: 2283: 2282: 2260: 2254: 2253: 2210: 2201: 2200: 2190: 2180: 2148: 2142: 2141: 2120: 2111: 2107: 2101: 2100: 2092:. Translated by 2082: 2076: 2075: 2054: 2048: 2047: 2025: 2016: 2015: 1979: 1973: 1972: 1960: 1954: 1953: 1942: 1933: 1932: 1914: 1901: 1900: 1892: 1886: 1885: 1860: 1854: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1831: 1825: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1801: 1795: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1779: 1742:Sleep in animals 1664:Dream incubation 1659:Dream dictionary 1652: 1647: 1646: 1645: 1490:Dante Meditating 1425:Zhuangzi Paradox 1386:electromyography 1176: 1105:The cheshire cat 1041: 1029: 1017: 1005: 995: 992: 986: 923:unconscious mind 790: 769:prognostications 757: 711:previous Buddhas 701:leaving his home 582:Michael Willmann 578:ladder of angels 483:reverse learning 434:Taras Shevchenko 432:(1839 or 1840). 187: 95:recorded history 49:Daniel O'Connell 21: 6469: 6468: 6464: 6463: 6462: 6460: 6459: 6458: 6429: 6428: 6427: 6422: 6317:Procrastination 6270:Four-poster bed 6239: 6203: 6197:Polysomnography 6175:Sleep induction 6151: 6122:Sleep paralysis 6081: 6033: 5992: 5989: 5981: 5923: 5882:Mouth breathing 5860:Sleep disorders 5854: 5791: 5782:Quiescent sleep 5762: 5760:sleep disorders 5753: 5723: 5718: 5682: 5660:Sleep induction 5654: 5621: 5593: 5558: 5513: 5503: 5470: 5422: 5418:Pre-lucid dream 5404: 5400:Dream character 5390:False awakening 5385:Recurring dream 5354: 5345: 5295: 5293: 5282: 5272: 5228: 5211: 5198: 5192: 5173: 5165: 5163:Further reading 5160: 5159: 5152: 5137: 5136: 5132: 5125: 5112: 5111: 5107: 5102: 5098: 5075: 5074: 5070: 5049: 5045: 5023: 5022: 5018: 5007: 5000: 4993: 4989: 4976: 4975: 4971: 4941: 4940: 4936: 4929: 4916: 4915: 4911: 4885: 4881: 4872: 4870: 4856: 4855: 4851: 4844: 4829: 4828: 4824: 4817: 4802: 4801: 4797: 4787: 4785: 4768: 4767: 4763: 4749: 4748: 4744: 4734: 4732: 4695: 4694: 4690: 4685:on 9 July 2017. 4682: 4643: 4638: 4637: 4633: 4594: 4593: 4589: 4579: 4577: 4568: 4567: 4563: 4541: 4540: 4531: 4521: 4519: 4506: 4505: 4498: 4488: 4486: 4472: 4471: 4467: 4452: 4431: 4430: 4426: 4416: 4414: 4410: 4403: 4399: 4398: 4394: 4372: 4371: 4367: 4357:Wayback Machine 4348: 4344: 4339: 4335: 4328: 4318:Greenwood Press 4311: 4310: 4303: 4293: 4291: 4282: 4281: 4277: 4266: 4251: 4250: 4246: 4236: 4234: 4225: 4224: 4220: 4210: 4208: 4199: 4198: 4194: 4187: 4172: 4144: 4143: 4139: 4132: 4119: 4114: 4101: 4100: 4096: 4086: 4084: 4071: 4070: 4066: 4059: 4046: 4045: 4041: 4034: 4021: 4020: 4013: 4005: 3966: 3961: 3960: 3956: 3946: 3944: 3935: 3934: 3930: 3920: 3918: 3917:on 5 March 2016 3908: 3907: 3903: 3875: 3874: 3870: 3864:Wayback Machine 3855: 3851: 3833: 3832: 3828: 3816: 3812: 3807:. Random House. 3802: 3801: 3797: 3767: 3766: 3762: 3752: 3751: 3747: 3738: 3734: 3725: 3721: 3708: 3704: 3697: 3676: 3675: 3668: 3658: 3656: 3642: 3641: 3634: 3621: 3617: 3604: 3600: 3590: 3588: 3584: 3543: 3538: 3537: 3526: 3516: 3514: 3507: 3492: 3491: 3487: 3477: 3475: 3467: 3466: 3462: 3452: 3450: 3449:on 9 April 2015 3440: 3439: 3435: 3425: 3424: 3420: 3400: 3399: 3395: 3341: 3340: 3336: 3326: 3324: 3315: 3314: 3310: 3264: 3263: 3259: 3252: 3231: 3230: 3226: 3188: 3187: 3183: 3161: 3160: 3156: 3110: 3109: 3105: 3091: 3090: 3086: 3076: 3074: 3065: 3064: 3060: 3026: 3025: 3021: 3015: 3002: 3001: 2997: 2956: 2955: 2951: 2938: 2937: 2933: 2924: 2920: 2904: 2903: 2899: 2894: 2890: 2873: 2861: 2846: 2845: 2841: 2831: 2830: 2826: 2819: 2806: 2805: 2801: 2765: 2764: 2760: 2719: 2718: 2714: 2697: 2696: 2692: 2682: 2680: 2675: 2674: 2670: 2660: 2658: 2652: 2651: 2647: 2638: 2631: 2587: 2586: 2582: 2545: 2544: 2540: 2530: 2528: 2519: 2518: 2514: 2504: 2502: 2498: 2491: 2487: 2486: 2482: 2472:Wayback Machine 2462: 2458: 2420: 2419: 2415: 2405: 2403: 2397: 2396: 2392: 2387:Wayback Machine 2377: 2368: 2354: 2353: 2349: 2343: 2330: 2329: 2325: 2307: 2291: 2290: 2286: 2275: 2262: 2261: 2257: 2212: 2211: 2204: 2150: 2149: 2145: 2135: 2122: 2121: 2114: 2108: 2104: 2084: 2083: 2079: 2069: 2056: 2055: 2051: 2027: 2026: 2019: 1981: 1980: 1976: 1962: 1961: 1957: 1944: 1943: 1936: 1929: 1916: 1915: 1904: 1894: 1893: 1889: 1875: 1862: 1861: 1857: 1847: 1845: 1837:How Dream Works 1833: 1832: 1828: 1818: 1816: 1803: 1802: 1798: 1788: 1786: 1781: 1780: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1747:Sleep paralysis 1732:Mare (folklore) 1704:False awakening 1648: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1629: 1623: 1604:pavor nocturnus 1600: 1594: 1550: 1544: 1528: 1522: 1505:Deirdre Barrett 1483: 1477: 1465: 1452: 1409: 1403: 1398: 1382: 1304:Raphael's dream 1297: 1291: 1264:Stephen LaBerge 1248: 1242: 1209:popular culture 1174: 1160:H. P. Lovecraft 1045: 1042: 1033: 1030: 1021: 1018: 1009: 1006: 997: 993: 987: 962: 956: 950: 896: 886: 880: 868:Native American 736: 699:, before he is 693: 617:Book of Genesis 570: 558:Indian Hinduism 546: 524: 510:neuroplasticity 407: 401: 395: 387:Indre Viskontas 340: 305: 299: 293: 291:Neurophysiology 210:William Domhoff 159:Raja Ravi Varma 148: 142: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6467: 6465: 6457: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6431: 6430: 6424: 6423: 6421: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6346: 6344:Comfort object 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6325: 6324: 6319: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6293: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6277: 6272: 6267: 6262: 6251: 6249: 6245: 6244: 6241: 6240: 6238: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6215:Sleep medicine 6211: 6209: 6205: 6204: 6202: 6201: 6200: 6199: 6189: 6188: 6187: 6182: 6172: 6167: 6161: 6159: 6153: 6152: 6150: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6089: 6087: 6083: 6082: 6080: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6043: 6041: 6035: 6034: 6032: 6031: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5995: 5993: 5986: 5983: 5982: 5980: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5933: 5931: 5925: 5924: 5922: 5921: 5916: 5915: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5884: 5879: 5873: 5871: 5862: 5856: 5855: 5853: 5852: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5801: 5799: 5793: 5792: 5790: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5773: 5771: 5764: 5763: 5754: 5752: 5751: 5744: 5737: 5729: 5720: 5719: 5717: 5716: 5709: 5702: 5694: 5692: 5688: 5687: 5684: 5683: 5681: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5664: 5662: 5656: 5655: 5653: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5631: 5629: 5623: 5622: 5620: 5619: 5617:Sleep medicine 5614: 5609: 5603: 5601: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5591: 5590: 5589: 5584: 5582:Guided imagery 5579: 5568: 5566: 5560: 5559: 5557: 5556: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5526: 5524: 5515: 5514:interpretation 5509: 5508: 5505: 5504: 5502: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5480: 5478: 5472: 5471: 5469: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5432: 5430: 5424: 5423: 5421: 5420: 5414: 5412: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5371: 5369: 5360: 5356: 5355: 5346: 5344: 5343: 5336: 5329: 5321: 5315: 5314: 5308: 5302: 5280: 5256: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5227: 5226:External links 5224: 5223: 5222: 5215: 5209: 5196: 5190: 5171: 5164: 5161: 5158: 5157: 5150: 5130: 5123: 5105: 5096: 5068: 5043: 5032:(5): 584–591. 5016: 4998: 4987: 4969: 4950:(4): 487–491. 4934: 4927: 4909: 4879: 4849: 4842: 4822: 4815: 4795: 4761: 4742: 4688: 4631: 4607:(6): 602–609. 4587: 4561: 4529: 4496: 4473:Olson, Parmy. 4465: 4450: 4424: 4392: 4365: 4342: 4333: 4326: 4301: 4290:on 1 June 2012 4275: 4264: 4244: 4233:on 6 June 2012 4218: 4192: 4185: 4153:(3): 458–468. 4137: 4130: 4112: 4094: 4064: 4057: 4039: 4032: 4011: 3977:(2): 249–264. 3954: 3928: 3901: 3888:(4): 313–350. 3868: 3849: 3826: 3810: 3795: 3776:(4): 225–233. 3760: 3757:. Basic Books. 3745: 3732: 3719: 3702: 3695: 3666: 3632: 3615: 3598: 3554:(3): 251–262. 3524: 3505: 3485: 3460: 3433: 3418: 3393: 3334: 3308: 3257: 3250: 3224: 3197:(6): 877–901. 3181: 3170:(4): 213–228. 3154: 3103: 3084: 3058: 3019: 3013: 2995: 2949: 2940:Freud, Sigmund 2931: 2918: 2906:Freud, Sigmund 2897: 2888: 2859: 2839: 2824: 2818:978-1305105409 2817: 2799: 2758: 2712: 2690: 2668: 2645: 2629: 2580: 2538: 2512: 2480: 2456: 2429:(6): 485–494. 2413: 2390: 2366: 2347: 2341: 2323: 2305: 2284: 2273: 2255: 2224:(6): 843–850. 2202: 2143: 2133: 2112: 2102: 2077: 2067: 2049: 2017: 1990:(2): 199–208. 1974: 1955: 1946:Freud, Sigmund 1934: 1927: 1902: 1887: 1873: 1855: 1826: 1796: 1773: 1772: 1770: 1767: 1765: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1718: 1713: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1681: 1679:Dream sequence 1676: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1655: 1654: 1653: 1637: 1634: 1625:Main article: 1622: 1619: 1596:Main article: 1593: 1590: 1546:Main article: 1543: 1540: 1524:Main article: 1521: 1518: 1479:Main article: 1476: 1473: 1464: 1463:Non-REM dreams 1461: 1451: 1448: 1407:Dream argument 1405:Main article: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1381: 1378: 1290: 1287: 1278: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1244:Main article: 1241: 1238: 1180:Philip K. Dick 1115:, 1866 edition 1047: 1046: 1043: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1024: 1022: 1019: 1012: 1010: 1007: 1000: 998: 988: 981: 967:Jacob's Ladder 952:Main article: 949: 946: 919:psychoanalysis 905:c. 1896–1902. 890:Psychoanalysis 882:Main article: 879: 878:Interpretation 876: 787:(460–375 735: 732: 692: 689: 569: 566: 556:scriptures of 552:, part of the 545: 542: 523: 520: 445:published the 416:Dreams are the 397:Main article: 394: 391: 339: 336: 295:Main article: 292: 289: 198:Calvin S. Hall 141: 138: 133:brain activity 57:thought bubble 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6466: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6436: 6434: 6419: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6409: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6314: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6273: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6257: 6256: 6253: 6252: 6250: 6246: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6212: 6210: 6206: 6198: 6195: 6194: 6193: 6190: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6177: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6170:Sleep hygiene 6168: 6166: 6163: 6162: 6160: 6158: 6154: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6127:Sleep inertia 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6090: 6088: 6084: 6078: 6077:Sleep-talking 6075: 6073: 6072:Sleep driving 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6044: 6042: 6040: 6036: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5984: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5934: 5932: 5930: 5926: 5920: 5917: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5889: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5874: 5872: 5870: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5857: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5845:Sleep spindle 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5802: 5800: 5798: 5794: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5765: 5761: 5757: 5750: 5745: 5743: 5738: 5736: 5731: 5730: 5727: 5715: 5714: 5710: 5708: 5707: 5706:Oneirocritica 5703: 5701: 5700: 5696: 5695: 5693: 5691:Ancient books 5689: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5665: 5663: 5661: 5657: 5651: 5650:Dream sharing 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5632: 5630: 5628: 5624: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5604: 5602: 5600: 5596: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5574: 5573: 5570: 5569: 5567: 5565: 5561: 5555: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5545:Psychonautics 5543: 5541: 5540:Oneironautics 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5530:Spirit spouse 5528: 5527: 5525: 5523: 5519: 5516: 5510: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5481: 5479: 5477: 5473: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5451:Anxiety dream 5449: 5447: 5446:Night terrors 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5433: 5431: 5429: 5425: 5419: 5416: 5415: 5413: 5411: 5407: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5372: 5370: 5368: 5364: 5361: 5357: 5353: 5349: 5342: 5337: 5335: 5330: 5328: 5323: 5322: 5319: 5312: 5309: 5306: 5303: 5292: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5279: 5275: 5270: 5266: 5265: 5260: 5255: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5239: 5238: 5233: 5230: 5229: 5225: 5220: 5216: 5212: 5206: 5202: 5197: 5193: 5187: 5183: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5166: 5162: 5153: 5147: 5143: 5142: 5134: 5131: 5126: 5120: 5116: 5109: 5106: 5100: 5097: 5092: 5088: 5087: 5082: 5078: 5077:Tierney, John 5072: 5069: 5065: 5061: 5057: 5053: 5047: 5044: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5027: 5020: 5017: 5013: 5012: 5005: 5003: 4999: 4996: 4991: 4988: 4983: 4979: 4973: 4970: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4938: 4935: 4930: 4924: 4920: 4913: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4886:莊子, 齊物論, 12. 4883: 4880: 4868: 4864: 4860: 4853: 4850: 4845: 4839: 4835: 4834: 4826: 4823: 4818: 4812: 4808: 4807: 4799: 4796: 4783: 4779: 4775: 4771: 4765: 4762: 4757: 4753: 4746: 4743: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4692: 4689: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4669: 4665: 4661: 4657: 4653: 4649: 4642: 4635: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4620: 4615: 4610: 4606: 4602: 4598: 4591: 4588: 4575: 4571: 4565: 4562: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4530: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4503: 4501: 4497: 4484: 4480: 4476: 4469: 4466: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4447: 4443: 4439: 4435: 4428: 4425: 4409: 4402: 4396: 4393: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4369: 4366: 4363:at Psych Web. 4362: 4358: 4354: 4351: 4346: 4343: 4337: 4334: 4329: 4323: 4319: 4315: 4308: 4306: 4302: 4289: 4285: 4279: 4276: 4271: 4267: 4261: 4257: 4256: 4248: 4245: 4232: 4228: 4222: 4219: 4206: 4202: 4196: 4193: 4188: 4182: 4178: 4177: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4148: 4141: 4138: 4133: 4127: 4123: 4115: 4109: 4105: 4098: 4095: 4082: 4078: 4074: 4068: 4065: 4060: 4054: 4050: 4043: 4040: 4035: 4029: 4025: 4018: 4016: 4012: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3976: 3972: 3965: 3958: 3955: 3942: 3938: 3932: 3929: 3916: 3912: 3905: 3902: 3896: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3879: 3872: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3858: 3853: 3850: 3845: 3840: 3839: 3838:The Histories 3830: 3827: 3824: 3820: 3814: 3811: 3806: 3799: 3796: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3764: 3761: 3756: 3749: 3746: 3742: 3736: 3733: 3729: 3723: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3706: 3703: 3698: 3692: 3688: 3683: 3682: 3673: 3671: 3667: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3639: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3625: 3619: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3602: 3599: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3542: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3525: 3512: 3508: 3502: 3498: 3497: 3489: 3486: 3473: 3472: 3464: 3461: 3448: 3444: 3437: 3434: 3429: 3422: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3397: 3394: 3389: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3354:(5): 100244. 3353: 3349: 3345: 3338: 3335: 3323:. 14 May 2021 3322: 3318: 3312: 3309: 3304: 3300: 3295: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3261: 3258: 3253: 3251:9783958570375 3247: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3228: 3225: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3185: 3182: 3177: 3173: 3169: 3165: 3158: 3155: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3107: 3104: 3099: 3095: 3094:New Scientist 3088: 3085: 3073: 3069: 3062: 3059: 3055: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3023: 3020: 3016: 3014:0-89503-056-X 3010: 3006: 2999: 2996: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2953: 2950: 2945: 2941: 2935: 2932: 2928: 2922: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2901: 2898: 2892: 2889: 2884: 2878: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2856: 2852: 2851: 2843: 2840: 2835: 2828: 2825: 2820: 2814: 2810: 2803: 2800: 2795: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2762: 2759: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2716: 2713: 2709: 2704: 2700: 2694: 2691: 2678: 2672: 2669: 2656: 2649: 2646: 2642: 2636: 2634: 2630: 2625: 2621: 2616: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2584: 2581: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2542: 2539: 2526: 2522: 2516: 2513: 2497: 2490: 2484: 2481: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2466: 2460: 2457: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2417: 2414: 2401: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2384: 2381: 2375: 2373: 2371: 2367: 2363:(2): 163–182. 2362: 2358: 2351: 2348: 2344: 2342:0-89503-056-X 2338: 2334: 2327: 2324: 2320: 2318: 2314: 2308: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2288: 2285: 2281: 2276: 2270: 2266: 2259: 2256: 2252: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2209: 2207: 2203: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2147: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2134:0-7914-5257-3 2130: 2126: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2106: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2081: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2068:0-275-97243-7 2064: 2060: 2053: 2050: 2046: 2044: 2040: 2034: 2030: 2024: 2022: 2018: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1978: 1975: 1970: 1966: 1959: 1956: 1951: 1947: 1941: 1939: 1935: 1930: 1924: 1920: 1913: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1903: 1898: 1891: 1888: 1884: 1882: 1876: 1874:0-7914-5257-3 1870: 1866: 1859: 1856: 1843: 1839: 1838: 1830: 1827: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1800: 1797: 1784: 1778: 1775: 1768: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1752:Spirit spouse 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1712: 1711: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1656: 1651: 1640: 1635: 1633: 1628: 1620: 1618: 1616: 1612: 1609: 1605: 1599: 1591: 1589: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1554: 1549: 1541: 1539: 1537: 1533: 1527: 1526:Hallucination 1520:Hallucination 1519: 1517: 1513: 1510: 1509:mental images 1506: 1502: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1482: 1474: 1472: 1470: 1462: 1460: 1458: 1449: 1447: 1445: 1444: 1439: 1433: 1428: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1408: 1400: 1395: 1393: 1391: 1387: 1379: 1377: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1345: 1341: 1339: 1338:psychotherapy 1335: 1334:dream journal 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1296: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1268: 1267: 1265: 1259: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1239: 1237: 1235: 1234: 1229: 1228: 1223: 1222: 1217: 1216: 1210: 1205: 1203: 1202: 1197: 1193: 1192: 1187: 1186: 1181: 1173: 1172: 1167: 1166: 1161: 1157: 1152: 1150: 1149: 1144: 1141:, as well as 1140: 1139: 1134: 1133:Lewis Carroll 1130: 1126: 1122: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1087:dream visions 1085:are two such 1084: 1083: 1082:Piers Plowman 1077: 1076: 1070: 1069:(1904–1989). 1068: 1064: 1061:(1844–1910), 1060: 1056: 1052: 1040: 1035: 1028: 1023: 1016: 1011: 1004: 999: 985: 980: 978: 976: 972: 968: 961: 955: 947: 945: 941: 939: 938:memory biases 934: 930: 928: 924: 920: 917:, founder of 916: 915:Sigmund Freud 908: 904: 900: 895: 891: 885: 877: 875: 873: 872:vision quests 869: 865: 861: 857: 852: 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 832: 831: 830:The Histories 826: 822: 820: 816: 812: 811: 806: 802: 801:physiological 798: 794: 786: 781: 777: 775: 770: 766: 765: 759: 753: 744: 740: 733: 731: 729: 728:Milinda Pañhā 725: 720: 718: 717: 716:Lalitavistara 712: 708: 707: 702: 698: 690: 688: 686: 682: 676: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 649:Iain R. Edgar 646: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 627:Old Testament 624: 620: 618: 614: 610: 606: 602: 597: 593: 588: 583: 579: 574: 567: 565: 563: 559: 555: 551: 543: 540: 535: 533: 529: 521: 519: 517: 513: 511: 507: 503: 499: 496: 492: 490: 486: 484: 480: 476: 474: 470: 466: 462: 459: 456: 452: 448: 444: 443: 435: 431: 427: 423: 421: 417: 413: 406: 400: 392: 390: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 367: 363: 361: 354: 350: 349: 344: 337: 335: 332: 329: 324: 322: 318: 314: 310: 304: 298: 290: 288: 286: 282: 278: 274: 269: 265: 263: 259: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 222: 217: 213: 211: 207: 203: 199: 194: 191: 183: 179: 174: 172: 171:classical era 168: 160: 156: 152: 147: 139: 137: 134: 130: 125: 123: 122:Ancient Egypt 119: 114: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 91: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 69: 65: 58: 54: 50: 45: 41: 37: 33: 19: 6290:Sleeping bag 6092: 6067:Sleepwalking 6052:Night terror 5769:sleep cycles 5711: 5704: 5697: 5466:Sleepdriving 5461:Sleepwalking 5441:Dreamcatcher 5380:Dream speech 5366: 5347: 5294:. Retrieved 5288: 5262: 5236: 5218: 5200: 5182: 5178: 5140: 5133: 5114: 5108: 5099: 5084: 5071: 5063: 5059: 5055: 5051: 5046: 5029: 5025: 5019: 5009: 4990: 4981: 4972: 4947: 4943: 4937: 4918: 4912: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4882: 4871:. Retrieved 4862: 4852: 4832: 4825: 4809:. Elsevier. 4805: 4798: 4786:. Retrieved 4777: 4764: 4755: 4745: 4733:. Retrieved 4708:(6128): 21. 4705: 4701: 4691: 4680:the original 4651: 4647: 4634: 4626: 4604: 4600: 4590: 4578:. Retrieved 4573: 4564: 4547: 4543: 4520:. Retrieved 4511: 4487:. Retrieved 4478: 4468: 4433: 4427: 4415:. Retrieved 4408:the original 4395: 4378: 4374: 4368: 4345: 4336: 4316:. Westport: 4313: 4292:. Retrieved 4288:the original 4278: 4254: 4247: 4235:. Retrieved 4231:the original 4221: 4209:. Retrieved 4205:the original 4195: 4175: 4150: 4146: 4140: 4121: 4103: 4097: 4085:. Retrieved 4081:the original 4076: 4067: 4048: 4042: 4023: 4003:the original 3974: 3970: 3957: 3945:. Retrieved 3941:the original 3931: 3919:. Retrieved 3915:the original 3904: 3885: 3881: 3871: 3852: 3837: 3829: 3819:De Republica 3818: 3813: 3804: 3798: 3773: 3769: 3763: 3754: 3748: 3740: 3735: 3727: 3722: 3714: 3710: 3705: 3680: 3657:. Retrieved 3653:the original 3648: 3627: 3623: 3618: 3610: 3606: 3605:Lactantius, 3601: 3589:. Retrieved 3582:the original 3551: 3547: 3515:. Retrieved 3511:the original 3495: 3488: 3476:. Retrieved 3470: 3463: 3451:. Retrieved 3447:the original 3436: 3427: 3421: 3413: 3409: 3396: 3351: 3347: 3337: 3325:. Retrieved 3321:the Guardian 3320: 3311: 3274: 3270: 3260: 3233: 3227: 3194: 3190: 3184: 3167: 3163: 3157: 3116: 3112: 3106: 3097: 3093: 3087: 3075:. Retrieved 3071: 3061: 3052: 3032: 3028: 3022: 3004: 2998: 2965: 2961: 2952: 2943: 2934: 2926: 2921: 2913: 2909: 2900: 2891: 2849: 2842: 2833: 2827: 2808: 2802: 2775: 2771: 2761: 2728: 2724: 2715: 2706: 2702: 2693: 2681:. Retrieved 2671: 2659:. Retrieved 2648: 2640: 2600:(1): 29–37. 2597: 2594:Neurosurgery 2593: 2583: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2541: 2529:. Retrieved 2525:the original 2515: 2503:. Retrieved 2483: 2475: 2459: 2426: 2422: 2416: 2404:. Retrieved 2393: 2360: 2356: 2350: 2332: 2326: 2316: 2312: 2310: 2296: 2287: 2280:experiences. 2278: 2264: 2258: 2249: 2221: 2217: 2160: 2156: 2146: 2138: 2124: 2105: 2097: 2089: 2080: 2072: 2058: 2052: 2042: 2038: 2036: 2032: 2029:Dodds, E. R. 1987: 1983: 1977: 1968: 1964: 1958: 1949: 1918: 1896: 1890: 1878: 1864: 1858: 1846:. Retrieved 1836: 1829: 1817:. Retrieved 1799: 1787:. Retrieved 1777: 1708: 1689:Dreamcatcher 1630: 1603: 1601: 1598:Night terror 1592:Night terror 1559: 1529: 1514: 1498: 1489: 1466: 1455:feelings of 1453: 1441: 1435: 1430: 1410: 1390:dream speech 1383: 1346: 1342: 1313: 1303: 1289:Recollection 1279: 1260: 1253: 1249: 1231: 1225: 1219: 1218:, 1984; the 1213: 1206: 1199: 1189: 1183: 1169: 1163: 1153: 1146: 1136: 1118: 1112: 1109:John Tenniel 1104: 1079: 1073: 1071: 1048: 963: 942: 935: 931: 912: 909:(1836–1902). 902: 894:Precognition 853: 837:The Dreaming 835: 828: 823: 818: 808: 778: 764:Iškar Zaqīqu 762: 760: 754:(27–97 748: 721: 714: 704: 697:Buddha-to-be 694: 677: 647: 621: 596:monotheistic 590:The ancient 589: 586: 547: 537: 525: 514: 500: 493: 487: 477: 463: 460: 441: 438: 429: 419: 415: 408: 368: 364: 357: 346: 331: 325: 306: 270: 266: 226: 223:(1858–1925). 205: 195: 175: 164: 154: 126: 115: 92: 63: 61: 40: 6374:Second wind 6349:Dream diary 6225:Sleep study 6165:Sleep diary 6117:Hypnopompia 6112:Sleep onset 6103:Hypnic jerk 5942:Hypersomnia 5892:Catathrenia 5887:Sleep apnea 5797:Brain waves 5767:Stages of 5640:Dream diary 5535:Dream guide 5522:Oneiromancy 5512:Therapy and 5499:Hypnopompia 5410:Lucid dream 5395:Interobject 5296:December 1, 5257:‹ The 5237:In Our Time 4580:10 February 3659:24 February 2721:Solms, Mark 2561:(6): 1019. 2463:Zadra, A., 2214:Solms, Mark 2094:W. H. Stahl 2045:a dream.... 1971:(2): 81–87. 1819:16 December 1572:, but also 1492:, 1852, by 1354:daydreaming 1295:Dream diary 1246:Lucid dream 1165:Dream Cycle 994: 1500 858:tribes and 785:Hippocrates 615:are in the 580:, c. 1690. 532:J. W. Dunne 371:split-brain 351:, 1655, by 233:abandonment 161:(1848–1906) 146:Oneiromancy 118:Mesopotamia 103:Babylonians 6433:Categories 6408:Sleep debt 6354:Microsleep 6334:Chronotype 6248:Daily life 6132:Somnolence 6108:Hypnagogia 6039:Parasomnia 5957:Narcolepsy 5869:Anatomical 5850:Theta wave 5820:Gamma wave 5815:Delta wave 5805:Alpha wave 5554:Dream yoga 5550:Yoga nidra 5484:Hypnagogia 5352:oneirology 5305:alt.dreams 5175:Jung, Carl 5062:, Vol. 2: 4896:Chuang Tzu 4873:2016-08-20 4417:21 October 4087:16 October 3622:Eusebius, 3591:26 October 3277:: 632853. 3100:: 577–579. 3077:27 January 2869:1200037413 2163:(8): 1–7. 1928:0714117056 1769:References 1737:Mabinogion 1684:Dream yoga 1615:nightmares 1608:parasomnia 1580:and great 1532:perception 1469:NREM-sleep 1396:Miscellany 1374:nightmares 1370:schizotypy 1362:absorption 1340:purposes. 1256:Oneironaut 1215:Dreamscape 1182:, such as 1156:Dreamlands 1129:Wonderland 752:Wang Chong 623:Christians 562:Upanishads 502:Eagleman's 495:Revonsuo's 489:Hartmann's 469:McCarley's 418:GUARDIANS 399:Oneirology 373:subjects, 338:Generation 167:Bronze Age 111:oneirology 80:sensations 6418:Sleepover 6369:Power nap 6364:Nightwear 6230:Melatonin 6192:Somnology 6157:Treatment 5990:disorders 5929:Dyssomnia 5835:PGO waves 5830:Mu rhythm 5825:K-complex 5810:Beta wave 5787:Slow-wave 5699:On Dreams 5678:Oneirogen 5635:Dream art 5627:Dreamwork 5489:PGO waves 5428:Nightmare 5359:Phenomena 4722:0036-8075 4460:152082735 4387:1341-9226 3578:144463607 3556:CiteSeerX 3370:2666-3899 3327:5 January 3234:Open MIND 3219:145340071 2877:cite book 2575:144729368 2088:(1952) . 2086:Macrobius 2004:0895-0172 1883:dreamers. 1710:Hatsuyume 1699:Dreamwork 1674:Dream pop 1548:Nightmare 1542:Nightmare 1475:Daydreams 1438:Descartes 1236:, 1971). 1227:Inception 1051:woodblock 954:Dream art 927:Carl Jung 864:ancestors 825:Herodotus 815:Macrobius 797:Aristotle 706:Mahāvastu 568:Abrahamic 516:Erik Hoel 455:REM sleep 447:Aserinsky 375:Gazzaniga 249:happiness 221:Jan Styka 184:(reigned 107:Sumerians 53:George IV 18:Dreamlike 6285:Mattress 6260:Bunk bed 6180:Hypnosis 5972:Nocturia 5947:Insomnia 5673:Hypnosis 5259:template 5177:(1934). 5091:Archived 4888:Zhuàngzi 4867:Archived 4788:24 April 4782:Archived 4778:BBC News 4730:23559230 4676:10396934 4623:26307463 4516:Archived 4489:24 April 4483:Archived 4353:Archived 4270:Archived 3991:19159131 3947:10 April 3921:30 March 3860:Archived 3817:Cicero, 3790:20998507 3645:"Dreams" 3453:26 March 3404:(1923). 3388:34036289 3348:Patterns 3303:34093109 3236:: 1–28. 3211:11515147 3164:Dreaming 3149:41500914 2990:13089671 2745:11515144 2708:process. 2701:(2013). 2624:28973530 2496:Archived 2468:Archived 2451:13554573 2443:15612605 2383:Archived 2295:(2010). 2238:11515144 2197:21887239 2157:PLOS ONE 2031:(1951). 2012:11001598 1881:Assyrian 1842:Archived 1813:Archived 1811:. 2006. 1757:Succubus 1636:See also 1611:disorder 1536:stimulus 1481:Daydream 1421:Zhuangzi 1417:ontology 1321:salience 1306:(1821). 1240:Lucidity 1059:Rousseau 849:creation 780:Antiphon 774:Morpheus 726:and the 691:Buddhist 657:Muhammad 506:Vaughn's 465:Hobson's 451:Kleitman 190:Ningirsu 76:emotions 6454:Symbols 6312:Bedtime 6307:Bedroom 6302:Bedding 6297:Bed bug 6280:Hammock 6185:Lullaby 6019:Jet lag 5919:Snoring 5877:Bruxism 5668:Lullaby 5436:Epiales 5375:Oneiros 5311:LSDBase 5261:below ( 5240:at the 4964:1757662 4702:Science 4522:4 April 4512:NPR.org 4167:8410650 3999:5706448 3517:9 March 3478:4 April 3379:8134940 3294:8176926 3141:6866101 3121:Bibcode 2970:Bibcode 2962:Science 2794:9236630 2753:7264870 2683:18 July 2661:18 July 2615:5777911 2505:4 April 2406:17 July 2317:Odyssey 2251:REM.... 2246:7264870 2188:3160860 2165:Bibcode 1783:"Dream" 1716:Incubus 1627:Déjà vu 1621:Déjà vu 1606:, is a 1582:sadness 1578:anxiety 1574:despair 1501:fantasy 1325:arousal 1207:Modern 1121:fantasy 1063:Picasso 1055:Hokusai 1053:artist 973:in the 866:. Some 860:Mexican 841:animist 827:in his 817:in his 661:shaytan 592:Hebrews 548:In the 534:wrote: 479:Crick's 458:sleep. 442:Science 273:hearing 258:orgasms 229:anxiety 6379:Siesta 6265:Daybed 6093:Dreams 5348:Dreams 5278:Curlie 5264:Curlie 5232:Dreams 5207: 5188: 5148: 5121: 4962: 4925: 4902: 4840: 4813: 4735:15 May 4728: 4720: 4674: 4666: 4621: 4576:. 2019 4479:Forbes 4458: 4448: 4385: 4324: 4294:24 May 4262: 4237:24 May 4211:24 May 4183: 4165: 4128: 4110: 4055: 4030: 3997: 3989: 3788: 3693: 3576: 3558: 3503: 3386: 3376: 3368: 3301: 3291: 3248: 3217: 3209: 3147: 3139: 3113:Nature 3054:dream. 3047: 3011: 2988: 2867: 2857: 2815: 2792: 2751: 2743: 2622: 2612: 2573: 2531:10 May 2449: 2441: 2339: 2303: 2271: 2244: 2236: 2195: 2185: 2131: 2065: 2043:seeing 2039:having 2010: 2002: 1925: 1871: 1721:Lilith 1570:horror 1415:about 1364:, and 1317:affect 1091:Cicero 713:, the 683:if he 665:hadith 643:Daniel 635:Heaven 609:Joseph 605:Shiloh 601:Samuel 379:LeDoux 283:, and 247:, and 182:Lagash 131:—when 78:, and 68:images 6449:Sleep 6444:Night 6439:Dream 6322:Story 6275:Futon 6208:Other 5756:Sleep 5476:Sleep 5367:Dream 5274:Dream 4683:(PDF) 4672:S2CID 4668:21570 4644:(PDF) 4456:S2CID 4411:(PDF) 4404:(PDF) 4381:(1). 4006:(PDF) 3995:S2CID 3967:(PDF) 3882:Ethos 3689:–73. 3585:(PDF) 3574:S2CID 3544:(PDF) 3215:S2CID 3145:S2CID 3049:21570 2772:Brain 2749:S2CID 2571:S2CID 2499:(PDF) 2492:(PDF) 2476:Sleep 2447:S2CID 2313:Iliad 2242:S2CID 2110:107). 1848:4 May 1789:7 May 1586:sleep 1457:guilt 1175:' 1131:from 854:Some 793:Plato 734:Other 673:Quran 669:Aisha 653:Islam 613:Bible 544:Hindu 471:1977 412:Freud 285:taste 281:smell 277:touch 237:anger 178:Gudea 88:sleep 72:ideas 64:dream 5758:and 5350:and 5298:2018 5205:ISBN 5186:ISBN 5146:ISBN 5119:ISBN 4960:PMID 4923:ISBN 4900:ISBN 4892:from 4838:ISBN 4811:ISBN 4790:2016 4737:2023 4726:PMID 4718:ISSN 4664:PMID 4619:PMID 4582:2021 4524:2013 4491:2016 4446:ISBN 4419:2013 4383:ISSN 4322:ISBN 4296:2012 4260:ISBN 4239:2012 4213:2012 4181:ISBN 4171:via 4163:PMID 4126:ISBN 4118:via 4108:ISBN 4089:2016 4053:ISBN 4028:ISBN 3987:PMID 3949:2012 3923:2008 3823:6.10 3786:PMID 3691:ISBN 3661:2018 3593:2017 3519:2012 3501:ISBN 3480:2013 3455:2015 3384:PMID 3366:ISSN 3329:2023 3299:PMID 3246:ISBN 3207:PMID 3137:PMID 3079:2022 3045:PMID 3009:ISBN 2986:PMID 2883:link 2865:OCLC 2855:ISBN 2813:ISBN 2790:PMID 2741:PMID 2685:2021 2663:2021 2620:PMID 2533:2013 2507:2013 2439:PMID 2408:2021 2337:ISBN 2301:ISBN 2269:ISBN 2234:PMID 2193:PMID 2129:ISBN 2063:ISBN 2008:PMID 2000:ISSN 1923:ISBN 1869:ISBN 1850:2006 1821:2007 1791:2009 1566:fear 1191:Ubik 1188:and 1168:and 1123:and 1093:and 1078:and 1067:Dali 892:and 554:Veda 528:soul 504:and 467:and 449:and 377:and 321:fMRI 241:fear 120:and 84:mind 34:and 6359:Nap 6255:Bed 5276:at 5242:BBC 5234:on 5034:doi 4952:doi 4948:100 4756:CNN 4710:doi 4706:340 4656:doi 4652:134 4609:doi 4552:doi 4438:doi 4359:by 4155:doi 3979:doi 3890:doi 3844:414 3778:doi 3566:doi 3374:PMC 3356:doi 3289:PMC 3279:doi 3238:doi 3199:doi 3172:doi 3129:doi 3117:304 3098:419 3037:doi 3033:134 2978:doi 2966:118 2780:doi 2776:120 2733:doi 2610:PMC 2602:doi 2563:doi 2553:". 2431:doi 2427:138 2226:doi 2183:PMC 2173:doi 1992:doi 1568:or 1427:." 1282:EEG 1162:'s 1158:of 1135:'s 789:BCE 758:). 687:." 260:or 245:joy 6435:: 6406:/ 6110:/ 5552:/ 5287:. 5089:. 5083:. 5030:88 5028:. 5001:^ 4980:. 4958:. 4946:. 4865:. 4861:. 4780:. 4776:. 4754:. 4724:. 4716:. 4704:. 4700:. 4670:. 4662:. 4650:. 4646:. 4625:. 4617:. 4605:24 4603:. 4599:. 4572:. 4548:34 4546:. 4532:^ 4514:. 4510:. 4499:^ 4481:. 4477:. 4454:. 4444:. 4379:21 4377:. 4304:^ 4268:. 4161:. 4151:65 4149:. 4075:. 4014:^ 3993:. 3985:. 3975:96 3973:. 3969:. 3884:. 3880:. 3821:, 3784:. 3774:53 3772:. 3687:71 3669:^ 3647:. 3635:^ 3572:. 3564:. 3552:21 3550:. 3546:. 3527:^ 3408:. 3382:. 3372:. 3364:. 3350:. 3346:. 3319:. 3297:. 3287:. 3275:15 3273:. 3269:. 3244:. 3213:. 3205:. 3195:23 3193:. 3166:. 3143:. 3135:. 3127:. 3115:. 3096:. 3070:. 3051:. 3043:. 3031:. 2984:. 2976:. 2964:. 2879:}} 2875:{{ 2863:. 2788:. 2774:. 2770:. 2747:. 2739:. 2729:23 2727:. 2632:^ 2618:. 2608:. 2598:83 2596:. 2592:. 2569:. 2559:23 2557:. 2494:. 2474:, 2445:. 2437:. 2425:. 2369:^ 2359:. 2309:. 2277:. 2248:. 2240:. 2232:. 2222:23 2220:. 2205:^ 2191:. 2181:. 2171:. 2159:. 2155:. 2137:. 2115:^ 2071:. 2020:^ 2006:. 1998:. 1988:12 1986:. 1967:. 1937:^ 1905:^ 1877:. 1840:. 1807:. 1576:, 1446:. 1376:. 1360:, 1356:, 1352:, 1323:, 1204:. 1107:, 1097:. 991:c. 977:. 821:. 756:CE 730:. 619:. 422:" 279:, 275:, 251:. 243:, 239:, 235:, 186:c. 173:. 97:. 74:, 70:, 62:A 5748:e 5741:t 5734:v 5340:e 5333:t 5326:v 5300:. 5213:. 5194:. 5154:. 5127:. 5040:. 5036:: 5014:. 4984:. 4966:. 4954:: 4931:. 4876:. 4846:. 4819:. 4792:. 4758:. 4739:. 4712:: 4658:: 4611:: 4584:. 4558:. 4554:: 4526:. 4493:. 4462:. 4440:: 4421:. 4389:. 4330:. 4298:. 4241:. 4215:. 4189:. 4169:. 4157:: 4134:. 4116:. 4091:. 4061:. 4036:. 3981:: 3951:. 3925:. 3898:. 3892:: 3886:9 3846:. 3792:. 3780:: 3699:. 3595:. 3568:: 3521:. 3482:. 3457:. 3390:. 3358:: 3352:2 3331:. 3305:. 3281:: 3254:. 3240:: 3221:. 3201:: 3178:. 3174:: 3168:5 3151:. 3131:: 3123:: 3081:. 3039:: 2992:. 2980:: 2972:: 2885:) 2871:. 2821:. 2796:. 2782:: 2755:. 2735:: 2687:. 2665:. 2626:. 2604:: 2577:. 2565:: 2535:. 2509:. 2453:. 2433:: 2410:. 2361:6 2319:. 2228:: 2199:. 2175:: 2167:: 2161:6 2014:. 1994:: 1969:9 1931:. 1852:. 1823:. 1793:. 1254:" 1212:( 38:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index