1376:
applications under DOS 3.0 (and higher) contains a reference to the load path of the executable as well, however, this consumes more resident memory, and to take advantage of it, support for it must be coded into the executable, whereas DRI's solution works with any kind of applications and is fully transparent to users as well.) In some versions of DR-DOS, the load path contained in the appendage to the environment passed to drivers can be shortened to that of a temporary substitute drive (e.g.
41:
946:— Other disk partitions get labeled here. Windows assigns the next free drive letter to the next drive it encounters while enumerating the disk drives on the system. Drives can be partitioned, thereby creating more drive letters. This applies to MS-DOS, as well as all Windows operating systems. Windows offers other ways to change the drive letters, either through the Disk Management snap-in or
551:
254:
74:, where volumes are named and located arbitrarily in a single hierarchical namespace, drive letter assignment allows multiple highest-level namespaces. Drive letter assignment is thus a process of using letters to name the roots of the "forest" representing the file system; each volume holds an independent "tree" (or, for non-hierarchical file systems, an independent list of files).
781:, if the system is booted from floppy disk, the dedicated version of MS-DOS assigns letters to all floppy drives before considering hard drives; it does the opposite if it is booted from a hard drive, that is, if the OS was installed on the hard drive, MS-DOS would assign this drive as drive "A:" and a potentially existing floppy as drive "B:". The Japanese version of the
1364:
command line shell, thus they can be used and assigned also from within applications when they use the "change directory" system call. However, most DOS applications are not aware of this extension and will consequently discard such directory paths as invalid. JP Software's command line interpreter 4DOS supports floating drives on operating systems also supporting it.
1114:. This allows for much of the functionality of two floppy drives on a computer that has only one. This concept of multiple drive letters sharing a single physical device (optionally with different "views" of it) is not limited to the first floppy drive, but can be utilized for other drives as well by setting up additional block devices for them with the standard DOS
872:
is when there are network drives defined, but in an error condition (as they would be on a laptop operating outside the network). Even when the unconnected network drive is not the next available drive letter, Windows XP may be unable to map a drive and this error may also prevent the mounting of the
632:
to the non-existent drive, whereas DOS 5.0 and higher will invalidate these drive letters. If more than two physical floppy drives are present, DOS versions prior to 5.0 will assign subsequent drive letters, whereas DOS 5.0 and higher will remap these drives to higher drive letters at a later stage;
802:
Some late versions of the DR-DOS IBMBIO.COM provide a preboot config structure, holding bit flags to select (beside others) between various drive letter assignment strategies. These strategies can be preselected by a user or OEM or be changed by a boot loader on the fly when launching DR-DOS. Under
819:
file (e.g. the controller card does not offer on-board BIOS or using this BIOS is not practical), then the first SCSI primary partition will appear after all the IDE partitions on DOS. Therefore, DOS and for example OS/2 could have different drive letters, as OS/2 loads the SCSI driver earlier. A
1125:
Network drives are often assigned letters towards the end of the alphabet. This is often done to differentiate them from local drives: by using letters towards the end, it reduces the risk of an assignment conflict. It is especially true when the assignment is done automatically across a network
1363:
3.31 - 6.0 (up to the 1992-11 updates with BDOS 6.7 only) also supports this including drive letter L:. This feature is not available under DR DOS 6.0 (1992 upgrade), PalmDOS 1.0, Novell DOS 7, OpenDOS 7.01, DR-DOS 7.02 and higher. Floating drives are implemented in the BDOS kernel, not in the
1375:
feature makes it easier to move software installations on and across disks without having to adapt paths to overlays, configuration files or user data stored in the load directory or subsequent directories. (For similar reasons, the appendage to the environment block associated with loaded
847:
within the operating system. Volumes that are created within the operating system are manually specified, and some of the automatic drive letters can be changed. Unrecognized volumes are not assigned letters, and are usually left untouched by the operating system.
147:
CP/CMS inspired numerous other operating systems, including the CP/M microcomputer operating system, which uses a drive letter to specify a physical storage device. Early versions of CP/M (and other microcomputer operating systems) implemented a
814:
The drive letter order can depend on whether a given disk is managed by a boot-time driver or by a dynamically loaded driver. For example, if the second or third hard disk is of SCSI type and, on DOS, requires drivers loaded through the
659:
Assign subsequent drive letters to the first primary partition upon each successive physical hard disk drive (DOS versions prior to 5.0 will probe for only two physical hard disks, whereas DOS 5.0 and higher support eight physical hard
623:
will be assigned to a phantom floppy drive mapped to the same physical drive and dynamically assigned to either A: or B: for easier floppy file operations. If no physical floppy drive is present, DOS 4.0 will assign both
867:
causing loss of connectivity with either the network share or the USB device. Users with administrative privileges can assign drive letters manually to overcome this problem. Another condition that can cause problems on
236:
and other similar operating systems, where hard disk drives held thousands (rather than tens or hundreds) of files. Increasing microcomputer storage capacities led to their introduction, eventually followed by
663:
Assign subsequent drive letters to every recognized logical partition present in the first extended partition, beginning with the first hard drive and proceeding through successive physical hard disk drives.
1371:
to the load path of a loaded application, thereby allowing applications to refer to files residing in their load directory under a standardized drive letter instead of under an absolute path. This
1739:
1693:
732:
MS-DOS/PC DOS versions 4.0 and earlier assign letters to all of the floppy drives before considering hard drives, so a system with four floppy drives would call the first hard drive
1152:
Some Novell network drivers for DOS support up to 32 drive letters under compatible DOS versions. In addition, Novell DOS 7, OpenDOS 7.01, and DR-DOS 7.02 genuinely support a CONFIG.SYS
796:, to the first active primary partition recognized upon the first physical hard disk, but on the first primary partition recognized of the first hard disk, even if it is not set active.
140:). Minidisks can correspond to physical disk drives, but more typically refer to logical drives, which are mapped automatically onto shared devices by the operating system as sets of
666:
DOS 5.0 and higher: Assign drive letters to all remaining primary partitions, beginning with the first hard drive and proceeding through successive physical hard disk drives.
1206:
in general, but since some of the letters clash with syntactical extensions of this command line processor, they need to be escaped in order to use them as drive letters.
747:
will update the drive letter assignments when resetting a drive. This may cause drive letters to change without reboot if the partitioning of the harddisk was changed.
1029:
1.1-2.1 (via BDOS call 0Fh), a concept later extended to any unused drive letters under
Concurrent DOS, Multiuser DOS, System Manager, REAL/32 and DR DOS up to 6.0.
1606:
1830:
799:
If there is more than one extended partition in a partition table, only the logical drives in the first recognized extended partition type are processed.
568:
1701:
851:
A common problem that occurs with the drive letter assignment is that the letter assigned to a network drive can interfere with the letter of a
1781:
collection maintained up to 2001 and distributed on many sites at the time. The provided link points to a HTML-converted older version of the
1576:
1408:, if the executable is located in a deep subdirectory and the resident driver happens to not need its load path after installation any more.
1723:
1106:, whereby the user would be prompted to switch floppies every time a read or write was required to whichever was the least recently used of
1757:
1514:
881:
Applying the scheme discussed above on a fairly modern
Windows-based system typically results in the following drive letter assignments:
1287:
command which allows the assignment of a drive letter to a directory. One or both of these commands were removed in later systems like
724:
are assigned letters. In particular, "hidden partitions" (those with their type ID changed to an unrecognized value, usually by adding
1191:
directives in order to relocate drive structures into upper memory.) Some DOS application programs do not expect drive letters beyond
22:
590:
1796:
1154:
1864:
1547:
1359:, however, these systems extend the concept to all unused drive letters from A: to Z:, except for the reserved drive letter L:.
603:
MS-DOS/PC DOS since version 5.0, and later operating systems, assigns drive letters according to the following algorithm:
178:, where such small namespaces did not impose practical constraints.) This usage was influenced by the device prefixes used in
1750:
Paul, Matthias R. (1997-07-30). "II.11.iii. Interne
Kommandos und Optionen von COMMAND.COM - Hinweise zu internen Kommandos".
1898:
1382:
688:
572:
261:
1893:
1883:
677:
470:
179:
1658:
241:. In file systems lacking such naming mechanisms, drive letter assignment proved a useful, simple organizing principle.
1500:
1367:
In a similar feature, Concurrent DOS, Multiuser DOS, System
Manager and REAL/32 will dynamically assign a drive letter
1322:
Many operating systems originating from
Digital Research provide means to implicitly assign substitute drives, called
1753:
NWDOS-TIPs — Tips & Tricks rund um Novell DOS 7, mit Blick auf undokumentierte
Details, Bugs und Workarounds
1430:, a command in Microsoft Windows that can be used for viewing/controlling drive-letter assignments for network drives
743:
While without deliberate remapping, the drive letter assignments are typically fixed until the next reboot, however,
1633:
1129:
In most DOS systems, it is not possible to have more than 26 mounted drives. Atari GEMDOS supports 16 drive letters
1082:
emulator. It is also the first letter selected by
Windows for network resources, as it automatically selects from
561:
521:
198:
1822:
1777:, including the description of many undocumented features and internals. It is part of the author's yet larger
669:
DOS 5.0 and higher: Assign drive letters to all physical floppy drives beyond the second physical floppy drive.
1888:
1316:
1195:
and will not work with them, therefore it is recommended to use them for special purposes or search drives.
1856:
1299:, both are again supported: The SUBST command exists as before, while JOIN's functionality is subsumed in
325:
44:
1842:
744:
87:
56:
216:
Through their designated position as DOS successor, the concept of drive letters was also inherited by
1433:
1315:
can be used for this purpose. Also, Windows 2000 and later support mount points, accessible from the
1250:), but it is not officially supported and may break programs that assume that all drives are letters
844:
504:
855:(like a newly installed CD/DVD drive or a USB stick). For example, if the last local drive is drive
852:
1271:
1225:
836:
696:
175:
166:
64:
1751:
1526:
1274:
command that allows access to an assigned volume through an arbitrary directory, similar to the
1115:
758:, before considering floppy drives. A system with two of each drive would call the hard drives
1697:
889:
832:
637:
612:
232:
within each drive letter was initially absent from these systems. This was a major feature of
221:
112:
33:
1679:
1615:
1585:
1405:
831:, the operating system uses the aforementioned algorithm to automatically assign letters to
149:
99:
1800:
1300:
1868:
1087:
933:
297:
68:
619:
to the second floppy disk drive (drive 1). If only one physical floppy is present, drive
1476:
1727:
1348:
1022:
968:
721:
301:
229:
210:
1877:
1861:
1427:
1417:
1352:
1308:
712:
704:
337:
321:
238:
740:
is always a hard disk, even if the system has more than two physical floppy drives.
1774:
1770:
1304:
1296:
1279:
1072:
1004:
978:
692:
161:
40:
952:. MS-DOS typically uses parameters on the line loading device drivers inside the
209:. Originally, drive letters always represented physical volumes, but support for
1050:
687:
Assign subsequent drive letters to any dynamically loaded drives via CONFIG.SYS
550:
479:
71:
1608:
Concurrent DOS 386 - Multiuser/Multitasking
Operating System - Reference Manual
1454:
1372:
1292:
1119:
1075:, and the initial drive letter assignment for the virtual disk network in the
994:
953:
869:
824:
816:
782:
751:
673:
516:
498:
492:
414:
409:
377:
1654:
1462:
The
Operating System Handbook, or, Fake Your Way Through Minis and Mainframes
863:, then a newly attached USB mass storage device would also be assigned drive
1551:
1522:
840:
641:
446:
425:
317:
190:
82:
The concept of drive letters, as used today, presumably owes its origins to
1326:
in DRI terminology, by using the CD/CHDIR command in the following syntax:
21:
1228:
must be used. However, it is possible to mount non-letter drives, such as
1629:
1578:
Concurrent DOS 386 - Multiuser/Multitasking
Operating System - User Guide
1422:
1388:
1332:
1062:
1026:
948:
681:
531:
437:
345:
1356:
1102:
can be used as a "virtual" floppy drive mapped onto the physical drive
708:
575: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
509:
461:
452:
404:
395:
390:
385:
381:
333:
329:
313:
309:
183:
672:
Assign subsequent drive letters to any block device drivers loaded in
1360:
1312:
1076:
700:
526:
483:
465:
441:
421:
373:
368:
364:
360:
352:
341:
305:
206:
202:
194:
91:
25:
926:— Reserved for a second floppy drive (that was present on many PCs).
843:, and other recognized volumes that are not otherwise created by an
792:
Some versions of DOS do not assign the drive letter, beginning with
1266:
Drive letters are not the only way of accessing different volumes.
1284:
1242:
1058:
778:
457:
433:
399:
152:
on each disk drive, where a complete file reference consists of a
95:
39:
20:
16:
Alphabetical assignment to logical drives on computers (e.g., C:\)
1724:"Caldera OpenDOS 7.01/7.02 Update Alpha 3 IBMBIO.COM README.TXT"
1288:
1275:
1199:
1054:
997:
under Concurrent DOS, Multiuser DOS, System Manager and REAL/32.
828:
475:
429:
293:
289:
233:
217:
103:
820:
solution was not to use primary partitions on such hard disks.
1267:
1079:
544:
248:
83:
1159:
directive in order to allocate up to 32 drive letters, named
1137:
only. The PalmDOS PCMCIA driver stack supports drive letters
644:. DOS 5.0 and higher will ensure that it will become drive
189:
The drive letter syntax chosen for CP/M was inherited by
1515:"Order in Which MS-DOS and Windows Assign Drive Letters"
63:
is the process of assigning alphabetical identifiers to
920:″, and possibly other types of disk drives, if present.
736:. Starting with DOS 5.0, the system ensures that drive
265:
1404:). This can be used to minimize a driver's effective
1209:
Windows 9x (MS-DOS 7.0/MS-DOS 7.1) added support for
1202:
command line processor supports drive letters beyond
1098:
When there is no second physical floppy drive, drive
1571:
1569:
1567:
803:these issues, the boot drive can be different from
116:
attached to a user session. A full file reference (
636:Assign a drive letter to the first active primary
245:Operating systems that use drive letter assignment
859:and a network drive would have been assigned as
648:, so that the boot drive will either have drive
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1519:Support Online from Microsoft Technical Support
1035:— Microsoft Office Click-to-Run virtualization.
1477:"CP/M and Digital Research Inc. (DRI) History"
754:assigns letters to hard drives, starting with
1769:(NB. NWDOSTIP.TXT is a comprehensive work on
789:to enforce that Windows will be on drive C:.
106:. The concept evolved through several steps:
8:
90:family of operating systems, dating back to
1262:ASSIGN, JOIN and SUBST in DOS and Windows
1025:under CP/M-86 4.x, Personal CP/M-86 2.x,
591:Learn how and when to remove this message
1862:Tips for USB related drive letter issues
785:SETUP program supports a special option
1445:
1094:to the root of the UNIX directory tree.
987:— "Home" directory on a network server.
977:— "Google Drive File Stream" if using
110:CP/CMS uses drive letters to identify
94:in 1967 (and its research predecessor
1756:. MPDOSTIP (in German) (3 ed.).
1246:utility in Windows XP or later (i.e.
1149:, ... to address PCMCIA drive slots.
205:, and thus also by IBM's OEM version
7:
573:adding citations to reliable sources
1220:If access to more filesystems than
711:drives, USB or Firewire drives, or
640:recognized upon the first physical
120:in today's parlance) consists of a
1475:Johnson, Herbert R. (2009-01-04).
1347:. This feature is also present in
1183:. (DR-DOS 7.02-7.07 also supports
14:
1795:Paul, Matthias R. (1997-05-27) .
170:(three characters); for instance
47:displaying the contents of drive
28:command prompt with drive letter
1857:Change Drive Letter in Windows 8
1821:Paul, Matthias R. (2002-10-07).
1722:Paul, Matthias R. (1997-10-02).
1335:supports this for drive letters
549:
252:
1833:from the original on 2017-09-03
1760:from the original on 2016-11-04
1661:from the original on 2017-01-15
1636:from the original on 2017-01-15
1071:— First network drive if using
967:— First network drive if using
560:needs additional citations for
1224:is required under Windows NT,
1003:— Drive letter for optionally
720:Only partitions of recognized
1:
1126:(usually by a logon script).
960:Case-specific drive letters:
180:Digital Equipment Corporation
128:, and a disk letter called a
1655:"FreeMiNT-Portal - mint.doc"
1525:. 1996-04-17. Archived from
228:The important capability of
1007:MDISK under Concurrent DOS.
1915:
1283:command. It also offers a
695:or later, i.e. additional
522:Hobbyist operating systems
199:Seattle Computer Products
193:for its operating system
1355:, System Manager 7, and
607:Assign the drive letter
230:hierarchical directories
67:. Unlike the concept of
1630:"The drive U: in MagiC"
1548:"Change a drive letter"
1481:www.retrotechnology.com
1240:using the command line
1086:downwards. By default,
1045:with virtual directory
993:— Dynamically assigned
174:. (This was the era of
61:drive letter assignment
32:as part of the current
1453:DuCharme, Bob (2001).
52:
37:
1899:Assignment operations
1303:(part of the Windows
57:computer data storage
43:
24:
1894:Computer peripherals
1884:Windows architecture
1827:alt.msdos.programmer
1823:"Re: Run a COM file"
1434:Portable application
1295:, but starting with
569:improve this article
505:Xbox system software
266:adding missing items
213:eventually appeared.
1226:Volume Mount Points
837:optical disc drives
766:, and the floppies
697:optical disc drives
541:Order of assignment
176:8-inch floppy disks
1867:2007-10-18 at the
1311:, the new command
1043:unified filesystem
890:Floppy disk drives
877:Common assignments
833:floppy disk drives
745:Zenith MS-DOS 3.21
689:INSTALL statements
264:; you can help by
53:
38:
1698:Microsoft TechNet
1400:instead of, say,
678:DEVICE statements
613:floppy disk drive
601:
600:
593:
282:
281:
222:Microsoft Windows
186:operating system.
142:virtual cylinders
34:working directory
1906:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1799:. Archived from
1792:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1747:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1726:. Archived from
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1700:. Archived from
1694:"simple volumes"
1690:
1684:
1683:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1616:Digital Research
1613:
1603:
1590:
1589:
1586:Digital Research
1583:
1573:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1459:
1450:
1406:memory footprint
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1385:
1379:
1329:CD N:=C:\SUBDIR
1249:
1248:SUBST 1: C:\TEMP
1245:
1216:
1215:LASTDRIVEHIGH=32
1212:
1190:
1186:
1158:
1048:
951:
919:
918:
914:
911:
905:
904:
900:
897:
777:On the Japanese
727:
596:
589:
585:
582:
576:
553:
545:
277:
274:
256:
255:
249:
173:
164:), a dot, and a
162:eight characters
150:flat file system
100:Digital Research
1914:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1874:
1873:
1869:Wayback Machine
1853:
1848:
1847:
1836:
1834:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1806:
1804:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1782:
1778:
1763:
1761:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1733:
1731:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1707:
1705:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1664:
1662:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1639:
1637:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1593:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1565:
1556:
1554:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1532:
1530:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1485:
1483:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1414:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1381:
1378:SUBST B: C:\DIR
1377:
1330:
1324:floating drives
1264:
1247:
1241:
1214:
1210:
1188:
1184:
1153:
1046:
1023:floating drives
947:
934:hard disk drive
916:
912:
909:
907:
902:
898:
895:
893:
879:
788:
725:
722:partition types
615:(drive 0), and
597:
586:
580:
577:
566:
554:
543:
538:
489:Windows family
298:Concurrent CP/M
278:
272:
269:
253:
247:
211:logical volumes
171:
80:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1912:
1910:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1889:DOS technology
1886:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1859:
1852:
1851:External links
1849:
1846:
1845:
1813:
1797:"SETENV v1.11"
1787:
1742:
1714:
1685:
1671:
1657:. 2000-04-27.
1646:
1632:. 2016-03-28.
1621:
1591:
1563:
1539:
1506:
1492:
1467:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1425:
1420:
1413:
1410:
1402:C:\DIR\TSR.COM
1380:) through the
1349:Concurrent DOS
1328:
1263:
1260:
1198:JP Software's
1096:
1095:
1066:
1036:
1030:
1008:
998:
988:
982:
972:
969:Novell NetWare
958:
957:
937:
927:
921:
878:
875:
786:
750:MS-DOS on the
730:
729:
717:
716:
713:network drives
685:
670:
667:
664:
661:
657:
634:
599:
598:
557:
555:
548:
542:
539:
537:
536:
535:
534:
529:
519:
514:
513:
512:
507:
502:
496:
487:
473:
468:
455:
450:
444:
419:
418:
417:
412:
407:
402:
393:
388:
371:
355:
350:
349:
348:
326:System Manager
302:Concurrent DOS
283:
280:
279:
259:
257:
246:
243:
239:long filenames
226:
225:
214:
187:
145:
79:
76:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1911:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1843:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1817:
1814:
1803:on 2009-02-15
1802:
1798:
1791:
1788:
1776:
1772:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1730:on 2003-10-04
1729:
1725:
1718:
1715:
1704:on 2007-03-26
1703:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1660:
1656:
1650:
1647:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1617:
1610:
1609:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1580:
1579:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1553:
1549:
1543:
1540:
1529:on 1999-02-18
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1507:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1482:
1478:
1471:
1468:
1463:
1456:
1449:
1446:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1428:net (command)
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1418:Drive mapping
1416:
1415:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1390:
1384:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1353:Multiuser DOS
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1327:
1325:
1320:
1318:
1317:Control Panel
1314:
1310:
1309:Windows Vista
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1194:
1189:LASTDRIVEHIGH
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1156:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1021:— Assignable
1020:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1002:
999:
996:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
976:
973:
970:
966:
963:
962:
961:
955:
950:
945:
941:
938:
935:
931:
928:
925:
922:
891:
887:
884:
883:
882:
876:
874:
871:
866:
862:
858:
854:
849:
846:
845:administrator
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
821:
818:
812:
810:
806:
800:
797:
795:
790:
784:
780:
775:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
748:
746:
741:
739:
735:
723:
719:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
683:
679:
675:
671:
668:
665:
662:
658:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
622:
618:
614:
611:to the first
610:
606:
605:
604:
595:
592:
584:
581:February 2011
574:
570:
564:
563:
558:This section
556:
552:
547:
546:
540:
533:
530:
528:
525:
524:
523:
520:
518:
515:
511:
508:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
490:
488:
485:
481:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
463:
459:
456:
454:
451:
448:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
420:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
383:
379:
375:
372:
370:
366:
362:
359:
358:
356:
354:
351:
347:
343:
339:
338:Personal CP/M
335:
331:
327:
323:
322:Multiuser DOS
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
288:
287:
285:
284:
276:
273:November 2010
267:
263:
260:This list is
258:
251:
250:
244:
242:
240:
235:
231:
223:
219:
215:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
185:
181:
177:
169:
168:
163:
159:
156:, a colon, a
155:
151:
146:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
114:
109:
108:
107:
105:
101:
98:), by way of
97:
93:
89:
85:
77:
75:
73:
70:
66:
62:
58:
50:
46:
42:
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
1835:. Retrieved
1826:
1816:
1805:. Retrieved
1801:the original
1790:
1783:NWDOSTIP.TXT
1779:MPDOSTIP.ZIP
1775:OpenDOS 7.01
1771:Novell DOS 7
1762:. Retrieved
1752:
1745:
1732:. Retrieved
1728:the original
1717:
1706:. Retrieved
1702:the original
1688:
1674:
1663:. Retrieved
1649:
1638:. Retrieved
1624:
1607:
1577:
1555:. Retrieved
1542:
1531:. Retrieved
1527:the original
1518:
1509:
1495:
1484:. Retrieved
1480:
1470:
1461:
1448:
1368:
1366:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1323:
1321:
1305:Resource Kit
1297:Windows 2000
1278:
1265:
1255:
1251:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1221:
1219:
1211:LASTDRIVE=32
1208:
1203:
1197:
1192:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1091:
1083:
1073:Banyan VINES
1068:
1051:device files
1042:
1041:— Unix-like
1038:
1032:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1005:memory drive
1000:
990:
984:
979:Google Drive
974:
964:
959:
943:
939:
929:
923:
885:
880:
873:USB device.
864:
860:
856:
853:local volume
850:
822:
813:
808:
804:
801:
798:
793:
791:
776:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
749:
742:
737:
733:
731:
693:AUTOEXEC.BAT
653:
649:
645:
629:
625:
620:
616:
608:
602:
587:
578:
567:Please help
562:verification
559:
286:CP/M family
270:
227:
172:A:README.TXT
165:
157:
154:drive letter
153:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
111:
81:
72:mount points
60:
54:
48:
45:File Manager
29:
18:
1185:HILASTDRIVE
480:eComStation
478:(including
374:DR DOS
369:PC DOS
357:DOS family
207:PC DOS
1878:Categories
1837:2017-09-03
1807:2019-07-29
1764:2014-08-06
1734:2009-03-29
1708:2006-12-01
1680:"Wine FAQ"
1665:2017-01-09
1640:2017-01-09
1557:2019-03-04
1533:2021-01-06
1486:2009-01-28
1440:References
1373:load drive
1293:Windows NT
1120:CONFIG.SYS
1116:DRIVER.SYS
995:load drive
954:CONFIG.SYS
936:partition.
870:Windows XP
825:Windows NT
817:CONFIG.SYS
783:Windows 95
752:Apricot PC
728:) are not.
674:CONFIG.SYS
633:see below.
517:Symbian OS
499:Windows NT
493:Windows 9x
415:SISNE plus
410:PC-MOS/386
378:Novell DOS
262:incomplete
197:by way of
1552:Microsoft
1523:Microsoft
1398:B:TSR.COM
1270:offers a
1217:as well.
1155:LASTDRIVE
841:boot disk
811:as well.
682:RAM disks
642:hard disk
638:partition
447:Atari DOS
318:S5-DOS/MT
191:Microsoft
182:'s (DEC)
113:minidisks
102:'s (DRI)
1865:Archived
1831:Archived
1758:Archived
1659:Archived
1634:Archived
1455:"VM/CMS"
1423:Filename
1412:See also
1389:LOADHIGH
1333:DOS Plus
1063:MultiTOS
1027:DOS Plus
949:diskpart
932:— First
532:TempleOS
438:MultiTOS
346:DOS Plus
220:and the
201:' (SCP)
167:filetype
158:filename
130:filemode
126:filetype
122:filename
118:pathname
1618:. 1987.
1392:option
1383:INSTALL
1357:REAL/32
915:⁄
901:⁄
709:PC Card
703:etc.),
680:, e.g.
660:disks).
510:ReactOS
462:CSI-DOS
453:MSX-DOS
405:FreeDOS
396:PTS-DOS
391:ROM-DOS
386:OpenDOS
382:PalmDOS
334:REAL/NG
330:REAL/32
314:4690 OS
310:4680 OS
224:family.
184:TOPS-10
160:(up to
65:volumes
1785:file.)
1501:"GEOS"
1361:DR DOS
1343:, and
1313:MKLINK
1307:). In
1077:DOSBox
1061:, and
1053:under
839:, the
705:PCMCIA
701:MSCDEX
527:SymbOS
501:family
495:family
484:ArcaOS
466:MK-DOS
449:family
442:EmuTOS
422:GEMDOS
365:MS-DOS
361:86-DOS
353:AMSDOS
342:S5-DOS
306:FlexOS
203:86-DOS
195:MS-DOS
132:(e.g.
92:CP/CMS
78:Origin
26:MS-DOS
1612:(PDF)
1582:(PDF)
1458:(PDF)
1396:(for
1301:LINKD
1285:SUBST
1280:mount
1243:SUBST
1236:, or
1090:maps
1059:MagiC
956:file.
906:″ or
779:PC-98
691:, in
458:ANDOS
434:MagiC
400:S/DOS
96:CP-40
1773:and
1289:OS/2
1276:Unix
1272:JOIN
1213:and
1200:4DOS
1187:and
1179:and
1088:Wine
1055:MiNT
1049:for
1047:\DEV
829:OS/2
827:and
770:and
762:and
676:via
628:and
482:and
476:OS/2
471:GEOS
430:MiNT
294:MP/M
290:CP/M
234:UNIX
218:OS/2
124:, a
104:CP/M
69:UNIX
1291:or
1268:DOS
1254:to
1163:to
1157:=32
1133:to
1118:in
1110:or
1080:x86
942:to
823:In
807:or
787:/AT
726:10h
652:or
571:by
426:TOS
268:.
136:or
86:'s
84:IBM
55:In
1880::
1829:.
1825:.
1696:.
1614:.
1594:^
1584:.
1566:^
1550:.
1521:.
1517:.
1479:.
1460:.
1394:/D
1369:L:
1351:,
1345:P:
1341:O:
1339:,
1337:N:
1319:.
1258:.
1256:Z:
1252:A:
1238:!:
1234:2:
1232:,
1230:1:
1222:Z:
1204:Z:
1193:Z:
1181:`:
1177:_:
1175:,
1173:^:
1171:,
1167:,
1165:Z:
1161:A:
1147:2:
1145:,
1143:1:
1141:,
1139:0:
1135:P:
1131:A:
1122:.
1112:B:
1108:A:
1104:A:
1100:B:
1092:Z:
1084:Z:
1069:Z:
1057:,
1039:U:
1033:Q:
1019:P:
1017:,
1015:O:
1013:,
1011:N:
1001:M:
991:L:
985:H:
975:G:
965:F:
944:Z:
940:D:
930:C:
924:B:
892:,
888:—
886:A:
865:E:
861:E:
857:D:
835:,
809:C:
805:A:
794:C:
774:.
772:D:
768:C:
764:B:
760:A:
756:A:
738:C:
734:E:
707:/
654:C:
650:A:
646:C:
630:B:
626:A:
621:B:
617:B:
609:A:
464:,
460:,
440:,
436:,
432:,
428:,
424:,
398:,
384:,
380:,
376:,
367:,
363:,
344:,
340:,
336:,
332:,
328:,
324:,
320:,
316:,
312:,
308:,
304:,
300:,
296:,
292:,
88:VM
59:,
1840:.
1810:.
1767:.
1737:.
1711:.
1682:.
1668:.
1643:.
1588:.
1560:.
1536:.
1503:.
1489:.
1464:.
1386:/
1169::
1065:.
981:.
971:.
917:4
913:1
910:+
908:5
903:2
899:1
896:+
894:3
715:.
699:(
684:.
656:.
594:)
588:(
583:)
579:(
565:.
486:)
275:)
271:(
144:.
138:B
134:A
51:.
49:C
36:.
30:C
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
