1535:. This process is being developed by Snamprogetti and Dow. Ethane, along with ethylbenzene, is fed to a dehydrogenation reactor with a catalyst capable of simultaneously producing styrene and ethylene. The dehydrogenation effluent is cooled and separated and the ethylene stream is recycled to the alkylation unit. The process attempts to overcome previous shortcomings in earlier attempts to develop production of styrene from ethane and benzene, such as inefficient recovery of aromatics, production of high levels of heavies and tars, and inefficient separation of
421:
270:
49:
726:
934:
62:
721:
716:
933:
1483:
929:
71:
1438:
932:
1519:, which are cheaper raw materials than those in the conventional process. This process has suffered from low selectivity associated with the competing decomposition of methanol. Exelus Inc. claims to have developed this process with commercially viable selectivities, at 400â425 °C and atmospheric pressure, by forcing these components through a proprietary
40:
1148:
1754:
author describes a review that was done on scientific literature and concluded that "The available epidemiologic evidence does not support a causal relationship between styrene exposure and any type of human cancer". Despite this claim, work has been done by Danish researchers to investigate the
1444:
The crude ethylbenzene/styrene product is then purified by distillation. As the difference in boiling points between the two compounds is only 9 °C at ambient pressure this necessitates the use of a series of distillation columns. This is energy intensive and is further complicated by the
1362:
suggested that the two compounds were identical, and in 1866, Erlenmeyer suggested that both "cinnamol" and styrene might be vinylbenzene. However, the styrene that was obtained from cinnamic acid seemed different from the styrene that was obtained by distilling storax resin: the latter was
1782:
The neurotoxic properties of styrene have also been studied and reported effects include effects on vision (although unable to reproduce in a subsequent study) and on hearing functions. Studies on rats have yielded contradictory results, but epidemiologic studies have observed a
3663:
SliwiĆska-Kowalska, Mariola; Zamyslowska-Szmytke, Ewa; Szymczak, Wieslaw; Kotylo, Piotr; Fiszer, Marta; Wesolowski, Wiktor; Pawlaczyk-Luszczynska, Malgorzata (January 2003). "Ototoxic effects of occupational exposure to styrene and co-exposure to styrene and noise".
3239:
Kogevinas, Manolis; Gwinn, William M.; Kriebel, David; Phillips, David H.; Sim, Malcolm; Bertke, Stephen J.; Calaf, Gloria M.; Colosio, Claudio; Fritz, Jason M.; Fukushima, Shoji; Hemminki, Kari (2018). "Carcinogenicity of quinoline, styrene, and styrene-7,8-oxide".
3715:
Morata, Thais C.; Sliwinska-Kowalska, Mariola; Johnson, Ann-Christin; Starck, Jukka; Pawlas, Krystyna; Zamyslowska-Szmytke, Ewa; Nylen, Per; Toppila, Esko; Krieg, Edward (October 2011). "A multicenter study on the audiometric findings of styrene-exposed workers".
1755:
relationship between occupational exposure to styrene and cancer. They concluded, "The findings have to be interpreted with caution, due to the company based exposure assessment, but the possible association between exposures in the reinforced
2585:
R. Fittig und F. Binder "Ueber die
Additionsproducte der Zimmtssaure" in "Untersuchungen ĂŒber die ungesĂ€ttigten SĂ€uren. I. Weitere BeitrĂ€ge zur KenntniĂ der FumarsĂ€ure und MaleĂŻnsĂ€ure" Rudolph Fittig, Camille Petri, Justus Liebigs
1763:
concluded that the styrene data do not support a cancer concern for styrene. The US EPA does not have a cancer classification for styrene, but it has been the subject of their
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) program.
3475:
Campo, Pierre; Venet, Thomas; Rumeau, Cécile; Thomas, Aurélie; Rieger, Benoßt; Cour, Chantal; Cosnier, Frédéric; Parietti-Winkler, Cécile (October 2011). "Impact of noise or styrene exposure on the kinetics of presbycusis".
734:
696:
2165:(Blyth and Hofmann, 1845a), p. 348. From p. 348: "Analysis as well as synthesis has equally proved that styrol and the vitreous mass (for which we propose the name of metastyrol) possess the same constitution per cent."
1293:). He called the liquid "styrol" (now called styrene). He also noticed that when styrol was exposed to air, light, or heat, it gradually transformed into a hard, rubber-like substance, which he called "styrol oxide".
2651:
2446:
Yashima, Tatsuaki; Sato, Keiichi; Hayasaka, Tomoki; Hara, Nobuyoshi (1972). "Alkylation on synthetic zeolites: III. Alkylation of toluene with methanol and formaldehyde on alkali cation exchanged zeolites".
957:
3582:
Campo, Pierre; Venet, Thomas; Thomas, Aurélie; Cour, Chantal; Brochard, Céline; Cosnier, Frédéric (July 2014). "Neuropharmacological and cochleotoxic effects of styrene. Consequences on noise exposures".
3630:. Morata, Thais C., Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals., Sahlgrenska akademin (Göteborgs universitet), Göteborgs universitet., Arbetsmiljöverket. Gotenburg:
2409:
Khuong, Kelli S.; Jones, Walter H.; Pryor, William A.; Houk, K.N. (February 2005). "The
Mechanism of the Self-Initiated Thermal Polymerization of Styrene. Theoretical Solution of a Classic Problem".
2224:(One knows that styrene heated in a sealed vessel at 200 °C, for several hours, is changed into a resinous polymer (metastyrol), and that this polymer, distilled abruptly, reproduces styrene.)
2911:
2885:
3767:
Sisto, R.; Cerini, L.; Gatto, M.P.; Gherardi, M.; Gordiani, A.; Sanjust, F.; Paci, E.; Tranfo, G.; Moleti, A. (November 2013). "Otoacoustic emission sensitivity to exposure to styrene and noise".
2222:"On sait que le styrolÚne chauffé en vase scellé à 200°, pendant quelques heures, se change en un polymÚre résineux (métastyrol), et que ce polymÚre, distillé brusquement, reproduit le styrolÚne."
1775:
has determined that styrene is "reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen". Various regulatory bodies refer to styrene, in various contexts, as a possible or potential human carcinogen. The
1223:
and several copolymers, and is typically made from benzene for this purpose. Approximately 25 million tonnes of styrene were produced in 2010, increasing to around 35 million tonnes by 2018.
950:
864:
3416:
Seeber, Andreas; Bruckner, Thomas; Triebig, Gerhard (29 March 2009). "Occupational styrene exposure, colour vision and contrast sensitivity: a cohort study with repeated measurements".
1219:, although aged samples can appear yellowish. The compound evaporates easily and has a sweet smell, although high concentrations have a less pleasant odor. Styrene is the precursor to
1388:, and almost all ethylbenzene produced worldwide is intended for styrene production. As such, the two production processes are often highly integrated. Ethylbenzene is produced via a
3029:
1914:
1871:
1041:
852:
3181:
1161:
1707:", especially in case of eye contact, but also in case of skin contact, of ingestion and of inhalation, according to several sources. Styrene is largely metabolized into
2346:
2564:
935:
3107:
943:
2970:
460:
1663:. At 100 °C it will autopolymerise at a rate of ~2% per hour, and more rapidly than this at higher temperatures. As the autopolymerisation reaction is
1776:
2907:
2881:
3132:
2805:
1772:
2084:
2677:
860:
2411:
2308:(1. The carbon of cinnamates is bereft of rotary power , whereas the carbon of styrax deflects by 3 degrees the neutral tint (length = 100 mm). )
2306:"1° Le carbure des cinnamates est privé de pouvoir rotatoire, tandis que le carbure du styrax dévie de 3 degrés la teinte de passage (l = 100 mm)."
3845:
3000:
1928:
3897:
3373:
Murata, K.; Araki, S.; Yokoyama, K. (1991). "Assessment of the peripheral, central, and autonomic nervous system function in styrene workers".
2508:
796:
1828:
3203:
2634:
1981:
1523:
catalyst. It is reported that an approximately 9:1 mixture of styrene and ethylbenzene is obtained, with a total styrene yield of over 60%.
2237:
3026:
2031:
5387:
2363:
1740:
3819:"Preventing hearing loss caused by chemical (ototoxicity) and noise exposure. SHIB 03-08-2018: DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2018-124"
3052:"Exposure to styrene and chronic health effects: mortality and incidence of solid cancers in the Danish reinforced plastics industry"
2256:(I think that henceforth one will have to replace the word "styrol" with that of "cinnamĂšne", and "metastyrol" with "metacinnamĂšne".)
5392:
5352:
3639:
2944:
2828:
1743:(EPA) has described styrene to be "a suspected toxin to the gastrointestinal tract, kidney, and respiratory system, among others".
1371:
resolved the ambiguity: the optical activity of the styrene that was obtained by distilling storax resin was due to a contaminant.
435:
3173:
2474:
4822:
2715:
1607:
1368:
1751:
856:
674:
1759:, mainly styrene, and degenerative disorders of the nervous system and pancreatic cancer, deserves attention". In 2012, the
2254:"Je pense qu'il faudra désormais remplacer le mot de styrol par celui de cinnamÚne, et le métastyrol par le métacinnamÚne."
1477:
to propylene oxide, which is also recovered as a co-product. The remaining 1-phenylethanol is dehydrated to give styrene:
840:
2379:
Lee, Emerson H. (13 December 2006). "Iron Oxide
Catalysts for Dehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene in the Presence of Steam".
792:
5372:
3100:
1256:
782:
368:
1691:, which killed several people. The autopolymerisation reaction can only be kept in check by the continuous addition of
1619:
1445:
tendency of styrene to undergo thermally induced polymerisation into polystyrene, requiring the continuous addition of
1389:
725:
2974:
2966:
2748:
1768:
1747:
1627:
399:
3821:. Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 2018.
3150:
720:
3890:
2780:
1812:
1680:
1676:
1470:
1297:
1168:
1065:
1052:
5382:
5377:
1458:
277:
3631:
2635:"Report on the investigation of the cargo tank explosion and fire on board the chemical tanker Stolt Groenland"
1692:
1446:
808:
2095:
2025:
Die Ă€therischen Ăle nach ihren chemischen
Bestandteilen unter BerĂŒcksichtigung der geschichtlichen Entwicklung
1655:
As a liquid or a gas, pure styrene will polymerise spontaneously to polystyrene, without the need of external
888:
774:
2318:
884:
715:
4282:
1684:
1482:
1289:
872:
596:
868:
265:
5362:
5232:
4630:
4212:
4151:
4046:
2607:
Miller, A.A.; Mayo, F.R. (March 1956). "Oxidation of
Unsaturated Compounds. I. The Oxidation of Styrene".
1952:
Steele, D.H.; M.J., Thornburg; J.S., Stanley; R.R., Miller; R., Brooke; J.R., Cushman; G., Cruzan (1994).
1688:
3865:
2652:"Vizag Gas Leak Live News: Eleven dead, several hospitalised after toxic gas leak from LG Polymers plant"
2291:
2278:
2266:
2184:
1995:
816:
227:
5293:
5227:
4620:
3883:
2558:
1316:. They had also determined that Simon's "styrol oxide" â which they renamed "metastyrol" â had the same
748:
708:
572:
99:
89:
4615:
4136:
3869:
4602:
4123:
2206:"Sur les caractÚres de la benzine et du styrolÚne, comparés avec ceux des autres carbures d'hydrogÚne"
5367:
4811:
4610:
4194:
3776:
3425:
1935:
2519:
5139:
4642:
4163:
2205:
832:
770:
689:
416:
141:
48:
4688:
3004:
1929:"New Process for Producing Styrene Cuts Costs, Saves Energy, and Reduces Greenhouse Gas Emissions"
804:
5326:
5283:
4703:
4698:
4683:
4268:
4141:
4131:
3749:
3697:
3509:
3457:
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3273:
2939:
2845:
1953:
1500:
1336:
900:
824:
187:
4772:
4741:
4520:
4510:
4395:
3532:"Combined effects of noise and styrene on hearing: comparison between active and sedentary rats"
3214:
876:
820:
175:
4777:
4756:
4751:
4535:
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4525:
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4410:
4405:
4400:
4390:
4056:
2234:
836:
61:
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5217:
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5032:
4792:
4787:
4625:
4146:
3800:
3792:
3741:
3733:
3689:
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3645:
3635:
3608:
3600:
3561:
3553:
3501:
3493:
3449:
3441:
3398:
3390:
3355:
3337:
3265:
3257:
3126:
3081:
2863:
2799:
2550:
2428:
2359:
2122:
2064:
1973:
1824:
1756:
1736:
1656:
1611:
1462:
1397:
1332:
1317:
1305:
1301:
1092:
844:
2028:
1809:
Nomenclature of
Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book)
5181:
3822:
3784:
3725:
3673:
3592:
3543:
3485:
3433:
3382:
3345:
3329:
3249:
3071:
3063:
2853:
2837:
2616:
2591:
2456:
2420:
2388:
2351:
2154:
because at that time, some chemists used the wrong atomic mass for carbon (6 instead of 12).
2134:
2107:
2076:
1965:
1816:
1364:
1321:
1188:
1184:
896:
615:
561:
483:
2908:"EPA Fines California Hot Tub Manufacturer for Toxic Chemical Release Reporting Violations"
880:
377:
5331:
5288:
5197:
5071:
4036:
4026:
3033:
2934:
2241:
2035:
1712:
1668:
1631:
1548:
1466:
1425:
1417:
1328:
979:
848:
296:
247:
1671:, potentially leading to an explosion. Examples include the 2019 explosion of the tanker
1347:). Meanwhile, other chemists had been investigating another component of storax, namely,
151:
3780:
3429:
207:
5262:
5257:
5222:
5173:
5079:
4051:
4041:
3818:
3350:
3317:
3076:
3051:
2858:
2820:
1750:
has described styrene as "reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen". However, a
1623:
1352:
1139:
788:
585:
420:
269:
3253:
5346:
4939:
4746:
4736:
4232:
3753:
3677:
2738:"OPPT Chemical Fact Sheets (Styrene) Fact Sheet: Support Document (CAS No. 100-42-5)"
2460:
1885:
1716:
1708:
1552:
1348:
1247:
plant family. Styrene occurs naturally in small quantities in some plants and foods (
1232:
550:
540:
258:
3849:
3513:
3277:
2707:
1098:
1059:
TWA 100 ppm C 200 ppm 600 ppm (5-minute maximum peak in any 3 hours)
908:
70:
5045:
5009:
4905:
4678:
4668:
4577:
4567:
4557:
4098:
4088:
4078:
3701:
3461:
1728:
1421:
1385:
1276:
1252:
1244:
1130:
828:
640:
39:
3001:"STATS: Styrene in the Crosshairs: Competing Standards Confuse Public, Regulators"
2882:"EPA settles case against Phoenix company for toxic chemical reporting violations"
2355:
3729:
3489:
3204:"Styrene entry in National Toxicology Program's Thirteenth Report on Carcinogens"
341:
5093:
5050:
5023:
4957:
4920:
4839:
4693:
4673:
4660:
4592:
4587:
4582:
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4562:
4549:
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4113:
4108:
4103:
4093:
4083:
4070:
3906:
2545:
1820:
1784:
1760:
1603:
1437:
1429:
1344:
1240:
1220:
1208:
1204:
1121:
1027:
1003:
969:
2678:"Hundreds in hospital after leak at Indian chemical factory closed by lockdown"
892:
5152:
5040:
4844:
4731:
4721:
4650:
4385:
4207:
4202:
4177:
4031:
4021:
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3596:
3437:
2392:
2111:
1867:
1704:
1664:
1639:
1635:
1599:
800:
502:
238:
17:
3827:
3796:
3737:
3685:
3649:
3604:
3557:
3497:
3445:
3394:
3341:
3261:
3163:
US environmental protection agency. Section I.B.4 relates to neurotoxicology.
2595:
2138:
1977:
1906:
1843:
pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/7501#section=IUPAC-Name&fullscreen=true
762:
5157:
4895:
4864:
4854:
4849:
4726:
4454:
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3855:
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1724:
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634:
388:
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3745:
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2737:
2432:
754:
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3359:
3085:
5321:
5316:
5126:
5118:
5110:
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4910:
4900:
4890:
4885:
4859:
4782:
4494:
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4252:
4247:
4227:
3146:
3067:
2867:
2773:
2080:
1536:
1520:
1516:
1401:
1264:
1248:
1125:
1114:
956:
949:
942:
915:
3333:
2620:
2498:
Stephen K. Ritter, Chemical & Engineering News, 19 March 2007, p.46.
1969:
5278:
5102:
4947:
4880:
4479:
4469:
4459:
4349:
4339:
4329:
4217:
4183:
4171:
3985:
3975:
3965:
3955:
3027:
Epidemiologic
Studies of Styrene and Cancer: A Review of the Literature
2849:
2209:
2146:
Note that Blyth and
Hofmann state the empirical formula of styrene as C
1512:
1424:. This is achieved using superheated steam (up to 600 °C) over an
1405:
1340:
1212:
530:
328:
278:
3788:
2424:
758:
5147:
5066:
4966:
4915:
4489:
4484:
4464:
4424:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4344:
4334:
4295:
4222:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3980:
3970:
3960:
3925:
2978:
2744:
1615:
1532:
1457:
Styrene is also co-produced commercially in a process known as POSM (
1393:
1260:
1216:
654:
218:
2841:
2321:(The identity of styrol and cinnamol, a new substance from styrax),
2319:"Die IdentitÀt von Styrol und Cinnamol, ein neuer Körper aus Styrax"
1355:
to form "cinnamene" (or "cinnamol"), which appeared to be styrene.
1138:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
2023:
For further details of the history of styrene, see: F. W. Semmler,
1469:. In this process, ethylbenzene is treated with oxygen to form the
316:
4831:
4797:
4713:
2027:, vol. 4 (Leipzig, Germany, Veit & Co., 1907), § 327. Styrol,
1720:
766:
661:
352:
198:
174:
164:
1632:
unsaturated polyesters used in resins and thermosetting compounds
2711:
2703:
1080:
1011:
904:
520:
307:
3879:
3875:
3418:
International
Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
1531:
Another route to styrene involves the reaction of benzene and
2014:(The volatile oil, for which I suggest the name "styrol", ⊠)
1911:
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
2125:[On styrol and some of its decomposition products].
2048:"FĂŒr den festen RĂŒckstand wĂŒrde der Name Styroloxyd passen."
1634:. These materials are used in rubber, plastic, insulation,
404:
69:
60:
3530:
Lataye, R.; Campo, P.; Loquet, G.; Morel, G. (April 2005).
3292:"After 40 years in limbo: Styrene is probably carcinogenic"
2096:"On styrole, and some of the products of its decomposition"
2065:"On styrole, and some of the products of its decomposition"
2050:(For the solid residue, the name "styrol oxide" would fit.)
1779:
considers styrene to be "probably carcinogenic to humans".
1618:, styrene-butadiene latex, SIS (styrene-isoprene-styrene),
3870:
Occupational Exposure to Chemicals and Hearing Impairment
3628:
Occupational exposure to chemicals and hearing impairment
2212:
and styrene, compared with those of other hydrocarbons),
2069:
Memoirs and Proceedings of the Chemical Society of London
927:
2935:"Government Says 2 Common Materials Pose Risk of Cancer"
2123:"Ueber das Styrol und einige seiner Zersetzungsproducte"
1787:
interaction with noise in causing hearing difficulties.
3856:
CDC â Styrene â NIOSH Workplace Safety and Health Topic
2344:
James, Denis H.; Castor, William M. (2007). "Styrene".
2235:"Recherches sur l'acide cinnamique et sur le cinnamĂšne"
1156:
3147:"Styrene (CASRN 100-42-5) | Region | US EPA"
3050:
Kolstad, HA; Juel, K; Olsen, J; Lynge, E. (May 1995).
1320:
as styrene. Furthermore, they could obtain styrene by
1915:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1872:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1642:
and boat parts, food containers, and carpet backing.
1404:, but in modern production this has been replaced by
5309:
5271:
5245:
5210:
5166:
5138:
5101:
5092:
5059:
5031:
5022:
5002:
4965:
4956:
4938:
4873:
4830:
4821:
4810:
4765:
4712:
4659:
4641:
4601:
4548:
4503:
4447:
4423:
4373:
4317:
4294:
4281:
4261:
4193:
4162:
4122:
4069:
4009:
3948:
3924:
3913:
2708:"Material Safety Data Sheet Styrene (monomer) MSDS"
2094:Blyth, John; Hofmann, Aug. Wilhelm (August 1845b).
1667:it can be self-accelerating, with a real risk of a
1539:and ethane. Development of the process is ongoing.
3666:Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
1687:and overheating styrene tanks leading to the 2020
1598:The presence of the vinyl group allows styrene to
1279:isolated a volatile liquid from the resin (called
3318:"Neurotoxic effects of styrene: further evidence"
3769:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
2244:(Investigations of cinnamic acid and cinnamen),
2185:"Ueber Distyrol, ein neues Polymere des Styrols"
1432:and reversible, with a typical yield of 88â94%.
340:
931:
150:
2347:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
2323:Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft
2008:"Das flĂŒchtige Oel, fĂŒr welches ich den Namen
1996:"Ueber den flĂŒssigen Storax (Styrax liquidus)"
1547:A laboratory synthesis of styrene entails the
1384:The vast majority of styrene is produced from
3891:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2294:[On the isomeric states of styrene].
1622:(styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene), styrene-
1473:. This hydroperoxide is then used to oxidize
1351:. They had found that cinnamic acid could be
8:
2640:. e UK Marine Accident Investigation Branch.
2563:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2404:
2402:
2063:Blyth, John; Hofmann, Aug. Wilhelm (1845a).
1954:"Determination of styrene in selected foods"
1602:. Commercially significant products include
2269:(Studies of the so-called aromatic acids),
2267:"Studien ĂŒber die s.g. aromatischen SĂ€uren"
1802:
1800:
1777:International Agency for Research on Cancer
1731:. Styrene oxide is subsequently hydrolyzed
1590:Styrene was first prepared by this method.
5098:
5028:
4962:
4953:
4827:
4818:
4444:
4314:
4291:
3945:
3921:
3898:
3884:
3876:
3038:J. Occupational and Environmental Medicine
2121:Blyth, John; Hofmann, Aug. Wilh. (1845c).
1958:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
1773:US Department of Health and Human Services
444:InChI=1S/C8H8/c1-2-8-6-4-3-5-7-8/h2-7H,1H2
419:
268:
246:
31:
3861:Safety and Health Topics | Styrene (OSHA)
3826:
3547:
3349:
3075:
2857:
1934:. US Department of Energy. Archived from
1416:Around 80% of styrene is produced by the
1367:. Eventually, in 1876, the Dutch chemist
376:
3316:Cherry, N.; Gautrin, D. (January 1990).
2609:Journal of the American Chemical Society
2412:Journal of the American Chemical Society
2292:"Sur les états isomériques du styrolÚne"
2214:Bulletin de la Société Chimique de Paris
2187:(On distyrol, a new polymer of styrol),
1866:NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards.
1287:(Latin)) of the American sweetgum tree (
3846:American Industrial Hygiene Association
3375:American Journal of Industrial Medicine
3056:Occupational and Environmental Medicine
1796:
1711:in humans, resulting from oxidation by
465:
440:
415:
3322:British Journal of Industrial Medicine
3131:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3124:
2914:from the original on 25 September 2008
2910:. US Environmental Protection Agency.
2888:from the original on 25 September 2008
2884:. US Environmental Protection Agency.
2804:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2797:
2556:
1984:from the original on 14 February 2018.
1901:
1899:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
555:145 °C (293 °F; 418 K)
545:â30 °C (â22 °F; 243 K)
259:
3577:
3575:
3525:
3523:
3184:from the original on 22 December 2011
2754:from the original on 24 December 2010
1998:(On liquid storax (Styrax liquidus),
447:Key: PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
226:
206:
7:
2821:"Metabolism and toxicity of styrene"
2544:Abbott, T.W.; Johnson, J.R. (1941).
2046:(Simon, 1839), p. 268. From p. 268:
974:31 °C (88 °F; 304 K)
331:
315:
3718:International Journal of Audiology
2718:from the original on 7 August 2011
2174:(Blyth and Hofmann, 1845a), p. 350
1741:US Environmental Protection Agency
25:
3113:from the original on 14 July 2014
2947:from the original on 13 June 2011
2933:Harris, Gardiner (10 June 2011).
2829:Environmental Health Perspectives
2252: : 1376â1380. From p. 1380:
1503:is performed on a limited scale.
1428:catalyst. The reaction is highly
1335:, and in 1866 the French chemist
3678:10.1097/00043764-200301000-00008
3153:from the original on 12 May 2009
2786:from the original on 2 June 2008
2296:Annales de Chimie et de Physique
2127:Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie
2087:from the original on 1 May 2018.
1735:to styrene glycol by the enzyme
1703:Styrene is regarded as a "known
1481:
1436:
1331:found that styrene could form a
1146:
724:
719:
714:
47:
38:
3852:, The Synergist, November 2018.
3626:Johnson, Ann-Christin (2010) .
1608:acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
1339:stated that "metastyrol" was a
1275:In 1839, the German apothecary
1215:. Styrene is a colorless, oily
1142:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
1034:10,000 ppm (human, 30 min)
507:104.15 g/mol
3585:Neurotoxicology and Teratology
2590:1879, volume 195, pp. 56â179.
2220: : 289â298. From p. 294:
2006: : 265â277. From p. 268:
1748:US National Toxicology Program
1453:Via ethylbenzene hydroperoxide
1203:. Its structure consists of a
675:Occupational safety and health
1:
3254:10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30316-4
3174:"EPA IRIS track styrene page"
2356:10.1002/14356007.a25_329.pub2
2290:Berthelot, Marcellin (1867).
1511:Styrene can be produced from
1495:Pyrolysis gasoline extraction
1046:(US health exposure limits):
3730:10.3109/14992027.2011.588965
3490:10.1016/j.heares.2011.04.016
2971:"12th Report on Carcinogens"
2819:Liebman, Kenneth C. (1975).
2461:10.1016/0021-9517(72)90088-7
1815:. 2014. pp. P001âP004.
1327:In 1865, the German chemist
1296:By 1845, the German chemist
1235:(often commercially sold as
2975:National Toxicology Program
2967:National Toxicology Program
1821:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001
1769:National Toxicology Program
1628:styrene-acrylonitrile resin
1074:ST 100 ppm (425 mg/m)
992:or concentration (LD, LC):
56:
5409:
2574:, vol. 1, p. 440
2546:"Phenylethylene (Styrene)"
2317:van 't Hoff, J. H. (1876)
2298:. 4th series (in French).
1813:Royal Society of Chemistry
1677:Phillips Petroleum Company
1471:ethylbenzene hydroperoxide
1298:August Wilhelm von Hofmann
1072:TWA 50 ppm (215 mg/m)
5388:IARC Group 2A carcinogens
3597:10.1016/j.ntt.2014.05.009
3438:10.1007/s00420-009-0416-7
2393:10.1080/01614947408071864
2112:10.1080/14786444508645234
1693:polymerisation inhibitors
1507:From toluene and methanol
1459:Lyondell Chemical Company
1304:had determined styrene's
1136:
1104:
1040:
1036:2771 ppm (rat, 4 h)
1016:5543 ppm (rat, 4 h)
988:
695:
672:
667:
647:
476:
456:
431:
134:
110:
98:
88:
83:
55:
46:
37:
5393:Sweet-smelling chemicals
5353:Hazardous air pollutants
3828:10.26616/NIOSHPUB2018124
3632:University of Gothenburg
2596:10.1002/jlac.18791950103
2265:Erlenmeyer, Emil (1866)
2183:Erlenmeyer, Emil (1865)
2139:10.1002/jlac.18450530302
1465:) for styrene monomer /
1447:polymerization inhibitor
1358:In 1845, French chemist
1010:2194 ppm (mouse, 4
783:Precautionary statements
3549:10.4103/1463-1741.31633
3387:10.1002/ajim.4700200609
3098:Danish EPA 2011 review
3040:, Nov.2009, V.51, N.11.
2350:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
2240:8 November 2016 at the
1527:From benzene and ethane
1490:Other industrial routes
1396:; originally this used
1390:FriedelâCrafts reaction
1290:Liquidambar styraciflua
1263:) and is also found in
1231:Styrene is named after
597:Magnetic susceptibility
5233:1,3,5-Triheptylbenzene
3032:9 October 2012 at the
3025:Boffetta, P., et al.,
2208:(On the characters of
2100:Philosophical Magazine
1689:Visakhapatnam gas leak
938:
515:colorless oily liquid
74:
65:
5228:1,3,5-Triethylbenzene
2204:Berthelot, M. (1866)
1746:On 10 June 2011, the
1375:Industrial production
937:
690:probably carcinogenic
100:Systematic IUPAC name
73:
64:
4631:Isopropylcyclohexene
4213:Perhydrophenanthrene
4152:Isopropylcyclohexane
3068:10.1136/oem.52.5.320
2449:Journal of Catalysis
2119:German translation:
2081:10.1039/mp8430200334
1675:, explosions at the
1543:Laboratory synthesis
1392:between benzene and
1004:median concentration
920:(fire diamond)
590:5 mmHg (20 °C)
5373:Commodity chemicals
5327:Alicyclic compounds
5140:Tetramethylbenzenes
3866:Nordic Expert Group
3781:2013ASAJ..134.3739S
3430:2009IAOEH..82..757S
3334:10.1136/oem.47.1.29
3242:The Lancet Oncology
2706:(1 November 2010).
2621:10.1021/ja01586a042
2516:www.chemsystems.com
1970:10.1021/jf00044a015
1659:. This is known as
567:0.03% (20 °C)
562:Solubility in water
188:Beilstein Reference
34:
5284:Cyclopropenylidene
4621:Methylcyclopentene
4611:Methylcyclopropene
4142:Methylcyclopentane
4132:Methylcyclopropane
3536:Noise & Health
3220:on 22 October 2017
2940:The New York Times
2656:The Economic Times
2588:Annalen der Chemie
2271:Annalen der Chemie
2189:Annalen der Chemie
2034:1 May 2018 at the
2000:Annalen der Chemie
1661:autopolymerisation
1651:Autopolymerisation
1501:pyrolysis gasoline
1412:By dehydrogenation
1337:Marcelin Berthelot
1227:Natural occurrence
1169:Infobox references
1105:Related compounds
1083:(Immediate danger)
939:
688:flammable, toxic,
75:
66:
32:
5340:
5339:
5305:
5304:
5241:
5240:
5218:Hexamethylbenzene
5206:
5205:
5088:
5087:
5033:Trimethylbenzenes
5018:
5017:
4934:
4933:
4806:
4805:
4793:Cyclododecatriene
4788:Cyclooctatetraene
4626:Methylcyclohexene
4616:Methylcyclobutene
4603:Alkylcycloalkenes
4544:
4543:
4419:
4418:
4277:
4276:
4147:Methylcyclohexane
4137:Methylcyclobutane
4124:Alkylcycloalkanes
4065:
4064:
3789:10.1121/1.4824618
2747:. December 1994.
2572:Collected Volumes
2551:Organic Syntheses
2509:"CHEMSYSTEMS.COM"
2475:"Welcome to ICIS"
2425:10.1021/ja0448667
2381:Catalysis Reviews
2277: : 327â359;
2233:Kopp, E. (1845),
1994:Simon, E. (1839)
1941:on 21 April 2013.
1830:978-0-85404-182-4
1757:plastics industry
1737:epoxide hydrolase
1612:styrene-butadiene
1398:aluminum chloride
1380:From ethylbenzene
1343:of styrene (i.e.
1318:empirical formula
1306:empirical formula
1302:John Buddle Blyth
1177:Chemical compound
1175:
1174:
1111:Related styrenes;
1093:Safety data sheet
749:Hazard statements
400:CompTox Dashboard
176:Interactive image
79:
78:
27:Chemical compound
16:(Redirected from
5400:
5383:Chemical hazards
5378:Phenyl compounds
5297:-Propenylbenzene
5099:
5029:
4963:
4954:
4828:
4819:
4504:Branched alkynes
4445:
4374:Branched alkenes
4315:
4292:
4195:Polycycloalkanes
4180:(bicycloheptane)
4174:(bicyclopentane)
4010:Branched alkanes
3946:
3922:
3900:
3893:
3886:
3877:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3775:(5): 3739â3748.
3764:
3758:
3757:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3660:
3654:
3653:
3623:
3617:
3616:
3579:
3570:
3569:
3551:
3527:
3518:
3517:
3484:(1â2): 122â132.
3478:Hearing Research
3472:
3466:
3465:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3370:
3364:
3363:
3353:
3313:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3288:
3282:
3281:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3225:
3219:
3213:. Archived from
3208:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3170:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3130:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3112:
3105:
3096:
3090:
3089:
3079:
3047:
3041:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3003:. Archived from
2997:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2977:. Archived from
2969:(10 June 2011).
2963:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2930:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2861:
2825:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2803:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2785:
2778:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2753:
2742:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2674:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2615:(5): 1017â1023.
2604:
2598:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2568:
2562:
2554:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2524:
2518:. Archived from
2513:
2505:
2499:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2419:(4): 1265â1277.
2406:
2397:
2396:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2341:
2330:
2315:
2309:
2303:
2287:
2281:
2263:
2257:
2231:
2225:
2202:
2196:
2195: : 122â123.
2181:
2175:
2172:
2166:
2163:
2157:
2142:
2115:
2088:
2057:
2051:
2044:
2038:
2021:
2015:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1964:(8): 1661â1665.
1949:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1933:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1903:
1894:
1893:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1863:
1844:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1807:"Front Matter".
1804:
1499:Extraction from
1485:
1440:
1365:optically active
1300:and his student
1239:), the resin of
1189:chemical formula
1185:organic compound
1159:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1028:lowest published
980:Explosive limits
959:
952:
945:
930:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
728:
723:
718:
616:Refractive index
609:
607:
535:0.909 g/cm
484:Chemical formula
424:
423:
408:
406:
380:
344:
333:
319:
297:Gmelin Reference
280:
272:
261:
250:
230:
210:
178:
154:
57:
51:
42:
35:
21:
5408:
5407:
5403:
5402:
5401:
5399:
5398:
5397:
5343:
5342:
5341:
5336:
5332:Petroleum jelly
5301:
5289:Phenylacetylene
5267:
5237:
5202:
5198:Isobutylbenzene
5162:
5134:
5084:
5055:
5014:
4998:
4952:
4930:
4869:
4813:
4802:
4761:
4708:
4655:
4637:
4597:
4540:
4499:
4441:
4433:
4427:
4415:
4369:
4311:
4304:
4298:
4287:
4285:
4273:
4257:
4189:
4186:(bicyclodecane)
4158:
4118:
4061:
4027:3-Methylpentane
4005:
3942:
3934:
3928:
3917:
3915:
3909:
3904:
3850:The Ear Poisons
3842:
3837:
3836:
3817:
3816:
3812:
3766:
3765:
3761:
3724:(10): 652â660.
3714:
3713:
3709:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3642:
3625:
3624:
3620:
3581:
3580:
3573:
3529:
3528:
3521:
3474:
3473:
3469:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3300:
3298:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3206:
3202:
3201:
3197:
3187:
3185:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3156:
3154:
3145:
3144:
3140:
3123:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3103:
3101:"Archived copy"
3099:
3097:
3093:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3034:Wayback Machine
3024:
3020:
3010:
3008:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2984:
2982:
2981:on 12 June 2011
2965:
2964:
2960:
2950:
2948:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2917:
2915:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2891:
2889:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2842:10.2307/3428333
2823:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2796:
2789:
2787:
2783:
2776:
2774:"Archived copy"
2772:
2771:
2767:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2740:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2721:
2719:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2687:
2685:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2661:
2659:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2628:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2584:
2580:
2570:
2555:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2497:
2493:
2483:
2481:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2408:
2407:
2400:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2366:
2343:
2342:
2333:
2316:
2312:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2264:
2260:
2242:Wayback Machine
2232:
2228:
2203:
2199:
2182:
2178:
2173:
2169:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2149:
2120:
2106:(178): 97â121.
2093:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2045:
2041:
2036:Wayback Machine
2022:
2018:
2012:vorschlage, ⊠"
1993:
1989:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1938:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1905:
1904:
1897:
1890:www.chemsrc.com
1884:
1883:
1879:
1865:
1864:
1847:
1842:
1838:
1831:
1806:
1805:
1798:
1793:
1727:, and possibly
1713:cytochrome P450
1701:
1673:Stolt Groenland
1669:thermal runaway
1653:
1648:
1596:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1549:decarboxylation
1545:
1529:
1509:
1497:
1492:
1467:propylene oxide
1455:
1449:to the system.
1426:iron(III) oxide
1418:dehydrogenation
1414:
1382:
1377:
1329:Emil Erlenmeyer
1324:"metastyrol".
1315:
1311:
1273:
1229:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1178:
1171:
1166:
1165:
1164: ?)
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1129:
1118:
1112:
1084:
1073:
1069:
1056:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1015:
1007:
1001:
964:
963:
962:
961:
954:
947:
940:
936:
928:
785:
751:
737:
711:
685:
657:
626:
624:
605:
603:
600:
564:
496:
492:
486:
472:
469:
464:
463:
452:
449:
448:
445:
439:
438:
427:
409:
402:
383:
363:
347:
334:
322:
299:
290:
253:
233:
213:
190:
181:
168:
157:
144:
130:
128:
126:
124:
122:
120:
118:
116:
114:
106:
105:
94:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5406:
5404:
5396:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5345:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5313:
5311:
5307:
5306:
5303:
5302:
5300:
5299:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5275:
5273:
5269:
5268:
5266:
5265:
5263:4-Vinyltoluene
5260:
5258:Divinylbenzene
5255:
5249:
5247:
5243:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5236:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5223:2-Phenylhexane
5220:
5214:
5212:
5208:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5200:
5195:
5187:
5179:
5170:
5168:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5144:
5142:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5132:
5124:
5116:
5107:
5105:
5096:
5090:
5089:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5082:
5080:4-Ethyltoluene
5077:
5075:-Propylbenzene
5069:
5063:
5061:
5057:
5056:
5054:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5037:
5035:
5026:
5020:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5012:
5006:
5004:
5000:
4999:
4997:
4996:
4988:
4980:
4971:
4969:
4960:
4951:
4950:
4944:
4942:
4936:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4877:
4875:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4836:
4834:
4825:
4816:
4808:
4807:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4769:
4767:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4718:
4716:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4665:
4663:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4647:
4645:
4643:Bicycloalkenes
4639:
4638:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4607:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4554:
4552:
4546:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4507:
4505:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4451:
4449:
4448:Linear alkynes
4442:
4435:
4429:
4421:
4420:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4377:
4375:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4321:
4319:
4318:Linear alkenes
4312:
4306:
4300:
4289:
4279:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4265:
4263:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4199:
4197:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4181:
4175:
4168:
4166:
4164:Bicycloalkanes
4160:
4159:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4128:
4126:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4075:
4073:
4067:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3952:
3950:
3949:Linear alkanes
3943:
3936:
3930:
3919:
3911:
3910:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3895:
3888:
3880:
3874:
3873:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3841:
3840:External links
3838:
3835:
3834:
3810:
3759:
3707:
3655:
3640:
3618:
3571:
3519:
3467:
3424:(6): 757â770.
3408:
3381:(6): 775â784.
3365:
3308:
3283:
3248:(6): 728â729.
3231:
3195:
3165:
3138:
3091:
3042:
3018:
3007:on 9 June 2012
2992:
2958:
2925:
2899:
2873:
2811:
2765:
2729:
2695:
2669:
2643:
2626:
2599:
2578:
2536:
2525:on 8 July 2011
2500:
2491:
2466:
2455:(3): 303â312.
2438:
2398:
2387:(1): 285â305.
2371:
2365:978-3527306732
2364:
2331:
2310:
2282:
2258:
2246:Comptes rendus
2226:
2216:, 2nd series,
2197:
2176:
2167:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2133:(3): 289â329.
2117:
2102:. 3rd series.
2092:Reprinted in:
2090:
2052:
2039:
2016:
1987:
1944:
1920:
1895:
1877:
1845:
1836:
1829:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1719:is considered
1700:
1699:Health effects
1697:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1624:divinylbenzene
1595:
1594:Polymerization
1592:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1544:
1541:
1528:
1525:
1508:
1505:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1454:
1451:
1442:
1441:
1413:
1410:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1353:decarboxylated
1322:dry-distilling
1313:
1309:
1272:
1269:
1228:
1225:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1145:
1144:
1140:standard state
1137:
1134:
1133:
1119:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1008:
999:
997:
994:
993:
986:
985:
982:
976:
975:
972:
966:
965:
955:
948:
941:
926:
925:
924:
923:
921:
912:
911:
865:P305+P351+P338
853:P303+P361+P353
786:
781:
778:
777:
752:
747:
744:
743:
738:
733:
730:
729:
712:
707:
704:
703:
693:
692:
686:
683:
680:
679:
670:
669:
665:
664:
658:
653:
650:
649:
645:
644:
643:at 20 °C
637:
631:
630:
627:
622:
614:
611:
610:
608:10 cm/mol
601:
595:
592:
591:
588:
586:Vapor pressure
582:
581:
578:
569:
568:
565:
560:
557:
556:
553:
547:
546:
543:
537:
536:
533:
527:
526:
525:sweet, floral
523:
517:
516:
513:
509:
508:
505:
499:
498:
494:
490:
487:
482:
479:
478:
474:
473:
471:
470:
467:
459:
458:
457:
454:
453:
451:
450:
446:
443:
442:
434:
433:
432:
429:
428:
426:
425:
412:
410:
398:
395:
394:
391:
385:
384:
382:
381:
373:
371:
365:
364:
362:
361:
357:
355:
349:
348:
346:
345:
337:
335:
327:
324:
323:
321:
320:
312:
310:
304:
303:
300:
295:
292:
291:
289:
288:
284:
282:
274:
273:
263:
255:
254:
252:
251:
243:
241:
235:
234:
232:
231:
223:
221:
215:
214:
212:
211:
203:
201:
195:
194:
191:
186:
183:
182:
180:
179:
171:
169:
162:
159:
158:
156:
155:
147:
145:
140:
137:
136:
132:
131:
119:Phenylethylene
112:
108:
107:
104:Ethenylbenzene
103:
102:
96:
95:
92:
86:
85:
81:
80:
77:
76:
67:
53:
52:
44:
43:
26:
24:
18:Ethenylbenzene
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5405:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5363:Vinylbenzenes
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5298:
5296:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5270:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5246:Vinylbenzenes
5244:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5209:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5193:-Butylbenzene
5192:
5188:
5186:
5185:-Butylbenzene
5184:
5180:
5178:
5177:-Butylbenzene
5176:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5165:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5141:
5137:
5131:
5129:
5125:
5123:
5121:
5117:
5115:
5113:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5091:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5036:
5034:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5021:
5011:
5008:
5007:
5005:
5001:
4995:
4993:
4989:
4987:
4985:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4955:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4943:
4941:
4940:Alkylbenzenes
4937:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4878:
4876:
4872:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4833:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4809:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4764:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4717:
4715:
4711:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4662:
4658:
4652:
4649:
4648:
4646:
4644:
4640:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4600:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4551:
4547:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4502:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4443:
4439:
4432:
4426:
4422:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4303:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4284:
4280:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4260:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4233:Dodecahedrane
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4192:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4176:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4165:
4161:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4121:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4072:
4068:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3947:
3944:
3940:
3933:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3912:
3908:
3901:
3896:
3894:
3889:
3887:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3871:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3829:
3824:
3820:
3814:
3811:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3763:
3760:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3711:
3708:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3659:
3656:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3641:9789185971213
3637:
3633:
3629:
3622:
3619:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3542:(27): 49â64.
3541:
3537:
3533:
3526:
3524:
3520:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3471:
3468:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3412:
3409:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3369:
3366:
3361:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3312:
3309:
3297:
3293:
3287:
3284:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3235:
3232:
3216:
3212:
3205:
3199:
3196:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3169:
3166:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3134:
3128:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3092:
3087:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3046:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3028:
3022:
3019:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2993:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2962:
2959:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2929:
2926:
2913:
2909:
2903:
2900:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2874:
2869:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2830:
2822:
2815:
2812:
2807:
2801:
2782:
2775:
2769:
2766:
2750:
2746:
2739:
2733:
2730:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2699:
2696:
2683:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2644:
2636:
2630:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2582:
2579:
2573:
2566:
2560:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2540:
2537:
2521:
2517:
2510:
2504:
2501:
2495:
2492:
2480:
2476:
2470:
2467:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2442:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2375:
2372:
2367:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2329: : 5-6.
2328:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2304:From p. 160:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2177:
2171:
2168:
2162:
2159:
2145:
2143:; see p. 297.
2140:
2136:
2132:
2129:(in German).
2128:
2124:
2118:
2116:; see p. 102.
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2089:; see p. 339.
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1948:
1945:
1937:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1881:
1878:
1873:
1869:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1846:
1840:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1811:. Cambridge:
1810:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1717:Styrene oxide
1714:
1710:
1709:styrene oxide
1706:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1650:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1593:
1591:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:cinnamic acid
1550:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1349:cinnamic acid
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1243:trees of the
1242:
1238:
1234:
1233:storax balsam
1226:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1170:
1163:
1158:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1071:
1068:(Recommended)
1067:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1055:(Permissible)
1054:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1033:
1029:
1020:
1019:
1013:
1009:
1005:
996:
995:
991:
987:
983:
981:
978:
977:
973:
971:
968:
967:
960:
953:
946:
922:
919:
918:
914:
913:
787:
784:
780:
779:
753:
750:
746:
745:
742:
739:
736:
732:
731:
727:
722:
717:
713:
710:
706:
705:
701:
699:
694:
691:
687:
682:
681:
677:
676:
671:
666:
663:
659:
656:
655:Dipole moment
652:
651:
646:
642:
638:
636:
633:
632:
628:
621:
617:
613:
612:
602:
598:
594:
593:
589:
587:
584:
583:
579:
577:
576:
571:
570:
566:
563:
559:
558:
554:
552:
551:Boiling point
549:
548:
544:
542:
541:Melting point
539:
538:
534:
532:
529:
528:
524:
522:
519:
518:
514:
511:
510:
506:
504:
501:
500:
488:
485:
481:
480:
475:
466:
462:
455:
441:
437:
430:
422:
418:
417:DTXSID2021284
414:
413:
411:
401:
397:
396:
392:
390:
387:
386:
379:
375:
374:
372:
370:
367:
366:
359:
358:
356:
354:
351:
350:
343:
339:
338:
336:
330:
326:
325:
318:
314:
313:
311:
309:
306:
305:
301:
298:
294:
293:
286:
285:
283:
281:
276:
275:
271:
267:
264:
262:
260:ECHA InfoCard
257:
256:
249:
245:
244:
242:
240:
237:
236:
229:
225:
224:
222:
220:
217:
216:
209:
205:
204:
202:
200:
197:
196:
192:
189:
185:
184:
177:
173:
172:
170:
166:
161:
160:
153:
149:
148:
146:
143:
139:
138:
133:
109:
101:
97:
91:
87:
82:
72:
68:
63:
59:
58:
54:
50:
45:
41:
36:
30:
19:
5294:
5252:
5190:
5182:
5174:
5127:
5119:
5111:
5072:
5046:Pseudocumene
5010:Ethylbenzene
4991:
4983:
4975:
4906:Phenanthrene
4814:hydrocarbons
4689:Cycloheptyne
4679:Cyclopentyne
4669:Cyclopropyne
4661:Cycloalkynes
4578:Cycloheptene
4568:Cyclopentene
4558:Cyclopropene
4550:Cycloalkenes
4437:
4430:
4308:
4301:
4288:hydrocarbons
4269:Spiroalkanes
4099:Cycloheptane
4089:Cyclopentane
4079:Cyclopropane
4071:Cycloalkanes
3938:
3931:
3918:hydrocarbons
3907:Hydrocarbons
3813:
3772:
3768:
3762:
3721:
3717:
3710:
3672:(1): 15â24.
3669:
3665:
3658:
3627:
3621:
3588:
3584:
3539:
3535:
3481:
3477:
3470:
3421:
3417:
3411:
3378:
3374:
3368:
3328:(1): 29â37.
3325:
3321:
3311:
3299:. Retrieved
3296:ScienceDaily
3295:
3286:
3245:
3241:
3234:
3222:. Retrieved
3215:the original
3210:
3198:
3186:. Retrieved
3177:
3168:
3155:. Retrieved
3141:
3115:. Retrieved
3094:
3062:(5): 320â7.
3059:
3055:
3045:
3037:
3021:
3011:24 September
3009:. Retrieved
3005:the original
2995:
2983:. Retrieved
2979:the original
2961:
2949:. Retrieved
2938:
2928:
2916:. Retrieved
2902:
2890:. Retrieved
2876:
2833:
2827:
2814:
2788:. Retrieved
2768:
2756:. Retrieved
2732:
2720:. Retrieved
2698:
2686:. Retrieved
2684:. 7 May 2020
2682:The Guardian
2681:
2672:
2660:. Retrieved
2658:. 7 May 2020
2655:
2646:
2629:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2587:
2581:
2571:
2559:cite journal
2549:
2539:
2527:. Retrieved
2520:the original
2515:
2503:
2494:
2482:. Retrieved
2479:www.icis.com
2478:
2469:
2452:
2448:
2441:
2416:
2410:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2345:
2326:
2322:
2313:
2305:
2299:
2295:
2285:
2274:
2270:
2261:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2229:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2200:
2192:
2188:
2179:
2170:
2161:
2130:
2126:
2103:
2099:
2072:
2068:
2055:
2047:
2042:
2024:
2019:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1990:
1961:
1957:
1947:
1936:the original
1923:
1910:
1889:
1880:
1839:
1808:
1781:
1766:
1745:
1732:
1729:carcinogenic
1702:
1672:
1660:
1654:
1597:
1589:
1546:
1530:
1510:
1498:
1461:) or SM/PO (
1456:
1443:
1422:ethylbenzene
1415:
1386:ethylbenzene
1383:
1357:
1326:
1295:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1277:Eduard Simon
1274:
1257:balsam trees
1253:coffee beans
1245:Altingiaceae
1236:
1230:
1180:
1179:
1131:ethylbenzene
1042:
989:
916:
740:
697:
684:Main hazards
673:
619:
574:
353:RTECS number
228:ChEMBL285235
135:Identifiers
125:Diarex HF 77
117:Phenylethene
115:Vinylbenzene
111:Other names
29:
5368:C2-Benzenes
5094:C4-Benzenes
5051:Hemellitene
5024:C3-Benzenes
4958:C2-Benzenes
4921:Corannulene
4840:Naphthalene
4704:Cyclodecyne
4699:Cyclononyne
4694:Cyclooctyne
4684:Cyclohexyne
4674:Cyclobutyne
4593:Cyclodecene
4588:Cyclononene
4583:Cyclooctene
4573:Cyclohexene
4563:Cyclobutene
4283:Unsaturated
4114:Cyclodecane
4109:Cyclononane
4104:Cyclooctane
4094:Cyclohexane
4084:Cyclobutane
3591:: 113â120.
3117:15 February
2918:11 February
2892:11 February
2836:: 115â119.
2279:see p. 353.
2075:: 334â358.
1785:synergistic
1630:(SAN), and
1604:polystyrene
1430:endothermic
1369:van 't Hoff
1345:polystyrene
1241:Liquidambar
1221:polystyrene
1209:substituent
1205:vinyl group
1122:polystyrene
990:Lethal dose
970:Flash point
735:Signal word
678:(OHS/OSH):
512:Appearance
477:Properties
468:c1ccccc1C=C
266:100.002.592
208:CHEBI:27452
5347:Categories
5153:Prehnitene
5041:Mesitylene
4896:Circulenes
4845:Anthracene
4773:Alkatriene
4742:Heptadiene
4732:Pentadiene
4722:Propadiene
4651:Norbornene
4521:Isoheptyne
4511:Isopentyne
4396:Isoheptene
4386:Isopentene
4208:Diamondoid
4203:Adamantane
4178:Norbornane
4042:Isoheptane
4032:Neopentane
4022:Isopentane
3157:18 October
2302:: 159â161.
2029:pp. 24-28.
1791:References
1761:Danish EPA
1705:carcinogen
1665:exothermic
1657:initiators
1640:automobile
1636:fiberglass
1600:polymerize
709:Pictograms
648:Structure
503:Molar mass
378:44LJ2U959V
239:ChemSpider
163:3D model (
142:CAS Number
90:IUPAC name
5322:Annulynes
5317:Annulenes
5158:Isodurene
4891:Helicenes
4865:Heptacene
4855:Pentacene
4850:Tetracene
4778:Alkadiyne
4757:Decadiene
4752:Nonadiene
4747:Octadiene
4737:Hexadiene
4727:Butadiene
4536:Isodecyne
4531:Isononyne
4526:Isooctyne
4516:Isohexyne
4411:Isodecene
4406:Isononene
4401:Isooctene
4391:Isohexene
4381:Isobutene
4286:aliphatic
4243:Churchane
4238:Basketane
4057:Isodecane
4052:Isononane
4047:Isooctane
4037:Isohexane
4017:Isobutane
3916:aliphatic
3914:Saturated
3797:1520-8524
3754:207571026
3738:1708-8186
3686:1076-2752
3650:792746283
3605:1872-9738
3558:1463-1741
3498:1878-5891
3446:0340-0131
3395:0271-3586
3342:0007-1072
3262:1470-2045
1978:0021-8561
1907:"Styrene"
1886:"Styrene"
1725:mutagenic
1638:, pipes,
1626:(S-DVB),
1475:propylene
1360:Emil Kopp
1187:with the
1117:compounds
984:0.9â6.8%
901:P403+P235
897:P370+P378
889:P337+P313
885:P332+P313
869:P308+P313
861:P304+P340
857:P304+P312
849:P302+P352
700:labelling
635:Viscosity
389:UN number
360:WL3675000
287:202-851-5
279:EC Number
127:Styrolene
121:Cinnamene
5358:Monomers
4926:Kekulene
4911:Chrysene
4901:Butalene
4886:Fluorene
4860:Hexacene
4812:Aromatic
4783:Cumulene
4253:Twistane
4248:Pagodane
4228:Prismane
3805:24180784
3746:21812635
3694:12553175
3613:24929234
3566:16105249
3514:34799773
3506:21616132
3454:19330514
3301:31 March
3278:48357020
3270:29680246
3182:Archived
3151:Archived
3127:cite web
3108:Archived
3030:Archived
2945:Archived
2912:Archived
2886:Archived
2800:cite web
2781:Archived
2749:Archived
2716:Archived
2433:15669866
2238:Archived
2085:Archived
2032:Archived
1982:Archived
1917:(NIOSH).
1874:(NIOSH).
1537:hydrogen
1521:zeolitic
1517:methanol
1406:zeolites
1402:catalyst
1265:coal tar
1249:cinnamon
1126:stilbene
1115:aromatic
1113:related
1087:700 ppm
917:NFPA 704
668:Hazards
599:(χ)
193:1071236
152:100-42-5
129:Styropol
33:Styrene
5279:Benzene
5253:Styrene
5130:-Cymene
5122:-Cymene
5114:-Cymene
5103:Cymenes
4994:-Xylene
4986:-Xylene
4978:-Xylene
4967:Xylenes
4948:Toluene
4881:Azulene
4480:Heptyne
4470:Pentyne
4460:Propyne
4425:Alkynes
4350:Heptene
4340:Pentene
4330:Propene
4296:Alkenes
4218:Sterane
4184:Decalin
4172:Housane
3986:Heptane
3976:Pentane
3966:Propane
3956:Methane
3926:Alkanes
3872:, 2010.
3777:Bibcode
3702:7030810
3462:7463900
3426:Bibcode
3403:1666820
3360:2155647
3351:1035091
3211:nih.gov
3178:epa.gov
3086:7795754
3077:1128224
2985:11 June
2951:11 June
2859:1475194
2850:3428333
2790:6 April
2758:11 June
2722:11 June
2210:benzene
1868:"#0571"
1771:of the
1733:in vivo
1646:Hazards
1610:(ABS),
1567:CH=CHCO
1513:toluene
1341:polymer
1271:History
1261:peanuts
1213:benzene
1181:Styrene
1162:what is
1160: (
629:1.5469
531:Density
497:
329:PubChem
113:Styrene
93:Styrene
5148:Durene
5067:Cumene
4916:Pyrene
4832:Acenes
4714:Dienes
4495:Decyne
4490:Nonyne
4485:Octyne
4475:Hexyne
4465:Butyne
4455:Ethyne
4365:Decene
4360:Nonene
4355:Octene
4345:Hexene
4335:Butene
4325:Ethene
4223:Cubane
4001:Decane
3996:Nonane
3991:Octane
3981:Hexane
3971:Butane
3961:Ethane
3803:
3795:
3752:
3744:
3736:
3700:
3692:
3684:
3648:
3638:
3611:
3603:
3564:
3556:
3512:
3504:
3496:
3460:
3452:
3444:
3401:
3393:
3358:
3348:
3340:
3276:
3268:
3260:
3084:
3074:
2868:809262
2866:
2856:
2848:
2745:US EPA
2431:
2362:
2010:Styrol
1976:
1827:
1739:. The
1620:S-EB-S
1616:rubber
1614:(SBR)
1533:ethane
1394:ethene
1285:styrax
1281:storax
1237:styrax
1217:liquid
1183:is an
1157:verify
1154:
1095:(SDS)
741:Danger
639:0.762
461:SMILES
317:C07083
219:ChEMBL
123:Styrol
84:Names
5310:Other
5295:trans
5272:Other
5211:Other
5167:Other
5060:Other
5003:Other
4874:Other
4798:Enyne
4766:Other
4262:Other
3750:S2CID
3698:S2CID
3510:S2CID
3458:S2CID
3274:S2CID
3224:1 May
3218:(PDF)
3207:(PDF)
3188:1 May
3111:(PDF)
3104:(PDF)
2846:JSTOR
2824:(PDF)
2784:(PDF)
2777:(PDF)
2752:(PDF)
2741:(PDF)
2688:7 May
2662:7 May
2638:(PDF)
2529:1 May
2523:(PDF)
2512:(PDF)
2484:1 May
2059:See:
1939:(PDF)
1932:(PDF)
1752:STATS
1721:toxic
1579:CH=CH
1571:H â C
1463:Shell
1400:as a
1333:dimer
1199:CH=CH
1043:NIOSH
660:0.13
604:â6.82
580:2.70
436:InChI
393:2055
302:2991
199:ChEBI
165:JSmol
5191:tert
4823:PAHs
3801:PMID
3793:ISSN
3742:PMID
3734:ISSN
3690:PMID
3682:ISSN
3646:OCLC
3636:ISBN
3609:PMID
3601:ISSN
3562:PMID
3554:ISSN
3502:PMID
3494:ISSN
3450:PMID
3442:ISSN
3399:PMID
3391:ISSN
3356:PMID
3338:ISSN
3303:2020
3266:PMID
3258:ISSN
3226:2018
3190:2018
3159:2009
3133:link
3119:2012
3082:PMID
3013:2012
2987:2011
2953:2011
2920:2008
2894:2008
2864:PMID
2806:link
2792:2008
2760:2011
2724:2011
2712:MSDS
2704:MSDS
2690:2020
2664:2020
2565:link
2531:2018
2486:2018
2429:PMID
2360:ISBN
1974:ISSN
1825:ISBN
1767:The
1685:2000
1683:and
1681:1999
1583:+ CO
1555::
1515:and
1259:and
1099:MSDS
1081:IDLH
909:P501
905:P405
893:P362
881:P321
877:P314
873:P312
845:P281
841:P280
837:P271
833:P270
829:P264
825:P261
821:P260
817:P243
813:P242
809:P241
805:P240
801:P233
797:P210
793:P202
789:P201
775:H372
771:H361
767:H332
763:H319
759:H315
755:H226
573:log
521:Odor
369:UNII
342:7501
308:KEGG
248:7220
5183:sec
4440:â 2
3941:+ 2
3823:doi
3785:doi
3773:134
3726:doi
3674:doi
3593:doi
3544:doi
3486:doi
3482:280
3434:doi
3383:doi
3346:PMC
3330:doi
3250:doi
3072:PMC
3064:doi
2854:PMC
2838:doi
2617:doi
2592:doi
2457:doi
2421:doi
2417:127
2389:doi
2352:doi
2275:137
2193:135
2135:doi
2108:doi
2077:doi
1966:doi
1817:doi
1679:in
1551:of
1420:of
1308:: C
1283:or
1211:on
1207:as
1066:REL
1053:PEL
698:GHS
405:EPA
332:CID
5349::
3868:,
3848:,
3799:.
3791:.
3783:.
3771:.
3748:.
3740:.
3732:.
3722:50
3720:.
3696:.
3688:.
3680:.
3670:45
3668:.
3644:.
3634:.
3607:.
3599:.
3589:44
3587:.
3574:^
3560:.
3552:.
3538:.
3534:.
3522:^
3508:.
3500:.
3492:.
3480:.
3456:.
3448:.
3440:.
3432:.
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