1278:
123:, which had been founded by Karl Marx and others in London in 1864 and became informally known as the First International. Pottier's songs from this period, while not as overtly political, still critiqued social and economic injustice, with titles such as "Ce que dit le pain" , or environmental destruction "La mort d'un globe" . Others reflected his curiosity and engagement with science and industrial innovation in France and the world, in songs such as "La nouvelle ère" , which celebrated the first trans-Atlantic telegraphic cable and with it instantaneous contact between Europe and North America.
31:
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178:, Paterson, N.J chapter in 1878, and the anniversary of the Commune's founding on 18 March 1878; the latter was publishes as a pamphlet in New Jersey and as far away as San Francisco. During his U.S. exile, Pottier also wrote a number of songs and poems, including a long French poem with an English title,
168:
While in exile in the
Eastern United States, Pottier made a precarious living teaching French but received support from other French exiles and from the freemason lodge, Les Égalitaires, which had been established in New York by French exiles already in the Second Empire and which he joined in 1875.
186:
in
Philadelphia and which combines a celebration of the exposition with a critique of global capitalism and U.S. hegemony. By the time Pottier was able to return to Paris in 1881, after the French National Assembly passed the Amnesty Law, he was old and sick but nonetheless kept on writing songs.
173:
was "composed of a group of freethinkers who, having made a clean sweep on tradition and recognizing nothing superior to human reason, consciously dedicate themselves in search of Truth and
Justice".Although not well-known in the U.S., Pottier gave several speeches to commemorate the inaugural
106:
or socially critical songs, offered political mobilization as well as entertainment to working people, and were often set to familiar tunes to encourage singing along. His songs of this period include titles such as "Etats généraux du travail" "Liberté, égalité, fraternité, et gaité" (best
72:
from 1888,, is much better known than he is, as it has been translated from the original French into many languages, including at least five
English versions, as many in Spanish, two in German, three in different dialects each of Chinese and Arabic, and individual versions in languages from
135:
and the
Government of National Defense. He represented the second arrondissement of Paris in the radical Republican Central Committee in the attempted revolt of January 1871. This organization, along with the International and the Revolutionary Socialist Party supported by followers of
85:
Pottier grew up as the son of a packer but later trained as an industrial textile designer, a profession that he celebrated in a poem called The
Exposition, about the Paris Exposition of Industrial Design in 1861. He began writing songs already in his teens, inspired by the example of
118:
benefitted artisans such as
Pottier who claimed to be the "owner of the best design studio in Paris" at the time. Pottier's relative prosperity did not deter him from political activity. As censorship was relaxed after 1867, he joined the French affiliate of the
140:
opposed giving up the guns and canon of the
Parisian National Guards to the Government of National Defense. When this conservative republican government retreated to Versailles on 18 March Pottier was elected a member of the Paris municipal council, the
304:
between 1908, when the stone that now marks his grave was erected, and 1937, the fiftieth anniversary of his death. His collected works, including speeches and letters as well as songs and poems, was published by then-premier French leftist press
149:
and later, after the French army attacked from
Versailles, the eleventh. In addition to representing these arrondissements, Pottier also served on the Commune's Fedseration of Artists which was chaired by the painter
3494:
199:. Allemane published this and other popular songs by Pottier such as "Jean Misère (best translated as Johnny Misery) and "Political Economy" in pamphlet form and in a small anthology with a telling title,
73:
Afrikaans, via
Bengali, Catalan, Dutch, Esperanto, Finnish, Galician, Hindu, Icelandic, Japanese, Korean, Latvian, Norwegian, Okinawan, Polish, Russian, Swedish, Tamil, Urdu, Vienamese, Yiddish, to Zulu.
396:
wrote at least two songs about the Haymarket in 1887, after several had been tried and, in four cases, executed for their political views. Pottier's song begins by naming some of those, such as
505:
131:
As a member of the International, Pottier welcomed the abdication of Napoleon III after his war against Prussia collapsed in September 1870, and the ensuing declaration of the
1804:
1986:
3329:
983:
3499:
385:
120:
404:, who were shot during the last days of the Commune but he ends in defiance, in terms that, like the 150th anniversary album, anticipate its return:
1930:
1935:
1240:
384:, written in Paris in May 1886, may celebrate not only the Communard dead and their French socialist inheritors but also activists in the
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565:
3416:
321:. A selection of his poems was published in a pocket edition marking the bicentennial of Pottier's birth in 2016 by a press called
843:
614:
1794:
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3321:
551:
258:
attended an international socialist meeting at Lille in 1896, it was translated into German by Emil Luckhardt and adopted by the
175:
2075:
102:
as they were known in French.At a time when up to seventy percent of the French population was illiterate, these songs, called
300:, often without his name attached, many of his other songs circulated in individual pamphlets and in multiple editions of his
2729:
2619:
1925:
1105:
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801:
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It was sung in this form at Pottier' burial, in November 1887, which drew up to 10, 000 mourners to the northeast section of
2544:
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1657:
1386:
110:
After the coup by Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, who called himself Napoleon III, crushed the Second Republic in favor of the
3509:
3385:
3360:
2338:
154:, all of which left him little time for writing songs. Only after the Commune fell to the army on 28 May, did he write
3078:
3484:
3380:
2127:
1583:
3178:
2318:
3504:
3489:
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2420:
2400:
1556:
87:
30:
2564:
2499:
1642:
1573:
224:
91:
278:, aka Lenin, who admired the Commune, acknowledged the 25th anniversary of Pottier's death in a 1913 article in
2709:
2569:
2202:
1991:
1732:
313:, recorded on several LPs printed to celebrate the centennial of the Commune in 1971 by record labels favoring
227:
according to eyewitness Ernst Museux. The setting that is usually sung today was composed only in July 1888 by
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2177:
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2003:
1910:
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392:
incident in Chicago that month. Even if Pottier does not mention ther Haymarket, his younger contemporary
255:
95:
1293:
216:, likewise edited by Allemanne. In this collection, Pottier set his song to the tune of the 1792 anthem,
76:
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2187:
2008:
1517:
1453:
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183:
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529:
401:
191:(a workers' song competition) in 1883, Pottier resumed contact with his Communard comrades, especially
182:(1876), which was addressed as if by an American workers delegation to the French workers visiting the
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2110:
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2100:
2085:
1976:
1784:
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1468:
1401:
1368:
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374:
259:
111:
114:, Pottier worked as an industrial designer. The Industrial Exposition of 1861 and the spread of the
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2197:
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1854:
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306:
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1287:
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2609:
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2152:
2142:
2121:
1961:
1862:
1809:
1695:
1411:
1391:
1376:
1330:
977:
322:
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156:
64:
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3158:
2953:
2664:
2405:
2293:
2288:
2090:
1905:
1884:
1769:
1727:
1630:
1541:
1498:
1478:
1438:
1406:
1101:
1053:
839:
797:
610:
346:
318:
210:, however, did not appear in print until April 1887 in a collection of Pottier's songs called
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3128:
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2629:
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2509:
2504:
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2212:
2192:
2060:
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1949:
1603:
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1473:
1443:
1282:
1226:
794:
The Paradise of Association: Political Culture and Popular Organization in the Paris Commune
533:
397:
389:
228:
160:, shortly before fleeing France first for Britain and then, in 1873, for the United States.
98:, he wrote and performed many political songs in the company of other worker-songwriters or
69:
547:
3173:
3143:
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1996:
1915:
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2714:
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2454:
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1966:
1954:
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1416:
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3018:
2888:
2614:
2594:
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1981:
1799:
1652:
1588:
1317:
1079:
We Will Sing Over Your Tombs: Père Lachaise Cemetery in the 19th and 20th Centuries
561:
522:. Collected, edited and annotated by Pierre Brichion. Paris: François Maspero, 1966
271:
2853:
900:
537:
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232:
231:
for the workers singing club Le Lyre Travailleur after a young socialist teacher
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1503:
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338:
211:
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250:(French Workers Party) and first translated into English by American publisher
3307:
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2913:
2833:
1971:
1842:
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1522:
1483:
1256:
1216:
334:
74:
17:
393:
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2639:
2243:
2182:
2070:
1940:
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1707:
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issued to commemorate the sesquicentennial of the Commune by the collective
59:
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1262:
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3370:
3272:
2808:
1757:
1752:
1717:
1578:
1488:
1302:
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3424:
90:, whose book he apparently discovered in an armoire. By the time of the
3188:
3088:
2013:
1493:
1448:
1294:
https://www.antiwarsongs.org/canzone.php?lang=en&id=2003&all=1
349:
to the Senegalese Eyo'Nile Brass Band, other songs by Pottier such as
3118:
3058:
1779:
345:
as well as more recent groups from the French-singing Brooklyn-based
280:
254:. After German socialist Wilhelm Liebknecht and other members of the
479:
Poêsies d'économie sociale et chansons socialistes révolutionnaires.
201:
Poésies d'économie sociale et chansons socialistes révolutionnaires.
1298:
607:
Beyond the Internationale: Revolutionary Writings by Eugène Pottier
558:
Beyond the Internationale: Revolutionary Writing by Eugène Pottier.
1763:
236:
29:
55:
1326:
1288:
https://www.marxists.org/history/france/paris-commune/index.htm
1098:
The Internationale: History of a Song By Pottier and De Geyter
1075:
Nous irons sur vos tombes: Le Père-Lachaise XIXe - XXe siècles
609:. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr (published 2024). pp. 62–64.
1322:
1094:
L'Internationale: Histoire d'un chant de Pottier et Degeyter
270:
in Lille in 1899. This version served as the anthem of the
796:. Ann Arbor MI: University of Michigan Press. p. 51.
235:
shared it with the future mayor of the industrial town of
187:
When "Chacun vit de son métier" won the silver medal at
540:
et al. Cœuvres-&-Valsery : Ressouvenances, 1997
107:
translated as "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity--and Fun")
594:] (in French). Paris: François Maspero. p. 83.
337:
as well as by well-known mid-20th century singers from
62:. Pottier's most famous work, the revolutionary anthem
1022:] (1st ed.). Paris: Allemane. pp. 13–16.
966:
Poésies d'économie sociale et chanson révolutionnaires
266:, who studied metallurgy in France at first heard the
180:
The Workingmen of American to the Workingmen of France
3495:
Members of the International Workingmen's Association
369:{When will the Commune return?] appear on the album
262:. The first Russian translation followed in 1902 by
3343:
3320:
3252:
2773:
2429:
2390:
2366:
2357:
2236:
2026:
1898:
1853:
1680:
1516:
1375:
296:became the anthem of the Second and later also the
1164:Benoît Bréville et Dominique Vidal (August 2011).
145:, on 26 March 1871, representing first the second
50:; 4 October 1816 – 6 November 1887) was a French
1035:"Les défenseurs du proletariat: Eugène Pottier"
586:Pottier, Eugène (1966). Brochon, Pierre (ed.).
964:Pottier, Eugène (1883). Allemane, Jean (ed.).
677:] (in French). Paris: Seghers. p. 15.
1338:
970:Social-Economic Poems and Revolutionary Songs
901:Demande d’admission d’Eugène Pottier New-York
605:Pottier, Eugène (1861). Kruger, Loren (ed.).
8:
1274:https://data.bnf.fr/12180984/eugene_pottier/
832:La Commune de Paris par ceux qui l'ont vécue
838:]. Paris: Parigramme. pp. 53, 74.
463:That they will see it soon enough, my God,
2363:
1513:
1345:
1331:
1323:
982:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
836:The Commune of Paris By Those Who Lived It
442:In short, this proves to those who fought
415:Du chien dans l' ventre et qu'il est temps
1081:]. Paris: Aubier. pp. 225, n.41.
386:International Working Peoples Association
874:Jean Massicot (Jean Massicot ed. - 2010)
528:Preface by Jules Vallès. Illustrated by
1800:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Gonzalo Thought
578:
27:French socialist politician (1816–1887)
1805:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path
1292:The Internationale in many languages:
1279:Works by or about Eugène Edine Pottier
1051:
975:
309:in 1966, and his songs, including the
121:International Workingmen's Association
3330:International socialist organizations
1039:BNF Gallica (French National Library)
481:Ed. Jean Allemane. Paris: Oriol, 1884
127:Pottier and the Paris Commune of 1871
45:
7:
671:La Chanson française de contestation
409:Bref, tout ça prouve aux combattants
3411:
1166:"Tout ça n'empêche pas, Nicolas..."
713:Pottier, "Letter to Paul Lafarge,"
631:Oeuvres complètes de Eugène Pottier
1100:]. Paris: Noésis. p. 29.
588:Oeuvres Complètes d'Eugène Pottier
520:Oeuvres complètes d'Eugène Pottier
169:In his cover letter, he said that
25:
3500:Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
1152:Nous irons chanter sur vos tombes
325:in honor of a famous Commuong by
292:After Pottier's death, while the
68:, usually sung in the setting by
3447:
3435:
3423:
3410:
3399:
3398:
1306:
1261:
1246:
1234:
1219:
592:Complete Works of Eugène Pottier
3254:
2775:
2431:
2392:
2368:
2076:Dictatorship of the proletariat
629:Brochon, Pierre, Introduction,
433:Que la Commune n'est pas morte!
2319:Organizational self-management
1073:Tartakowsky, Danielle (1997).
792:Johnson, Mark Patrick (1996).
424:Que si ça marche dle la sorte,
1:
2299:Free association of producers
2056:Critique of political economy
1299:Works by Eugène Edine Pottier
457:And it proves to every Judas
448:And that it is time to shout
421:Et ça prouve a tous les Judas
3386:Socialist calculation debate
3361:Economic calculation problem
2339:Socialist mode of production
526:Poémes, chants, et chansons.
460:That it will come by and by
445:Our Marianne is well tanned
412:Que Marianne a la peau brune
3454:Organized Labour portal
2193:Socialisation of production
1305:(public domain audiobooks)
418:De crier "Vive la Commune!"
3531:
2700:Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin
2525:Victor Prosper Considerant
1058:: CS1 maint: url-status (
918:Beyond the Internationale,
335:eighty languages worldwide
333:which is sung in at least
3394:
2565:William Batchelder Greene
2500:Francisco Largo Caballero
1362:
1203:Beyond the Internationale
1126:Beyond the Internationale
1002:Beyond the Internationale
952:Beyond the Internationale
935:Beyond the Internationale
889:Beyond the Internationale
780:Beyond the Internationale
754:Beyond the Internationale
728:Beyond the Internationale
702:Beyond the Internationale
675:The French Political Song
657:Beyond the Internationale
560:Edited and translated by
380:A key song on this album,
92:French Revolution of 1848
2710:Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz
2203:Socialist market economy
1014:Pottier, Eugène (1887).
830:Godineau, Laure (2010).
467:The Commune did not die!
365:{Political Economy] and
2421:Étienne-Gabriel Morelly
2411:Gabriel Bonnot de Mably
2091:Equality of opportunity
2046:Criticism of capitalism
1795:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
1552:Left-wing laissez-faire
1033:Museux, Ernest (1898).
1016:Chants révolutionnaires
818:Paradise of Association
546:Selected and edited by
500:Chants révolutionnaires
382:The Commune did not die
367:Quand reviendra-t-elle?
302:Chants révolutionnaires
276:Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov
264:Arkady Yakovievich Kots
213:Chants révolutionnaires
88:Pierre-Jean de Béranger
3079:José Carlos Mariátegui
3024:E. M. S. Namboodiripad
3009:Martin Luther King Jr.
2690:Luis Emilio Recabarren
2685:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
2620:Alexandre Ledru-Rollin
2309:Labor-time calculation
2274:Decentralized planning
2178:Proletarian revolution
2133:State-owned enterprise
2051:Criticism of socialism
1239:Quotations related to
669:DIllaz, Serge (1973).
470:
436:
427:Ils sentiront dans peu
256:German Socialist Party
248:Parti ouvrier français
225:Père Lachaise Cemetery
81:Life and Work in Paris
35:
3417:Socialism WikiProject
3179:Léopold Sédar Senghor
2884:Cornelius Castoriadis
2750:Alfred Russel Wallace
2515:Nikolay Chernyshevsky
2480:Louis Auguste Blanqui
2440:Stephen Pearl Andrews
2269:Cooperative ownership
1790:Maoism–Third Worldism
1169:le Monde Diplomatique
495:. Paris; Oriol, 1884.
440:
406:
371:La Commune refleurira
359:Elle n'est pas morte
327:Jean-Baptiste Clément
184:Centennial Exposition
176:Socialist Labor Party
164:U.S. Exile and Return
138:Louis-Auguste Blanqui
43:French pronunciation:
33:
3442:Communism portal
3430:Socialism portal
3381:Socialism by country
2989:Pablo Iglesias Posse
2695:Henri de Saint-Simon
2650:Nikolay Mikhaylovsky
2304:Industrial democracy
2111:History of socialism
2106:History of communism
2101:History of anarchism
1314:Eugène Edine Pottier
1270:at Wikimedia Commons
1268:Eugène Edine Pottier
1241:Eugène Edine Pottier
1092:Ferro, Marc (1996).
516:. Paris: Dentu, 1887
375:Les Ogres de Barback
363:L'économie politique
298:Third Internationale
260:Second International
189:La Lice Chansonnière
174:meeting of the U.S.
39:Eugène Édine Pottier
3510:French male writers
3184:George Bernard Shaw
3099:François Mitterrand
3014:Alexandra Kollontai
2994:Jayaprakash Narayan
2675:Constantin Pecqueur
2495:Philippe Buonarroti
2450:John Goodwyn Barmby
2349:Workplace democracy
2259:Calculation in kind
2249:Anarchist economics
2198:Socialist economics
2096:Equality of outcome
2036:Anarchist economics
1748:Ho Chi Minh Thought
1665:Orthodox Trotskyism
1621:Libertarian Marxism
1616:Left-libertarianism
1020:Revolutionary Songs
933:, 113-16; Pottier,
872:La Franc-maçonnerie
552:Le Temps de cerises
544:Poémes et chansons.
323:Le Temps de cerises
116:Second Empire Style
58:, song-writer, and
47:[øʒɛnpɔtje]
3485:Writers from Paris
3366:Marxist philosophy
3283:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
3109:Gamal Abdel Nasser
3064:Alasdair MacIntyre
2839:Simone de Beauvoir
2610:Ferdinand Lassalle
2377:Tommaso Campanella
2324:Production for use
2284:Economic democracy
2153:Mode of production
2143:Left-wing politics
2122:The Internationale
1810:Xi Jinping Thought
1251:Works by or about
1190:Oeuvres complètes,
548:Jacques Gaucheron.
351:La mort d'un globe
244:The Internationale
65:The Internationale
36:
3505:French Freemasons
3490:French socialists
3462:
3461:
3335:Socialist parties
3316:
3315:
3219:Ram Manohar Lohia
3159:Gaetano Salvemini
2954:Mikhail Gorbachev
2665:Antonie Pannekoek
2294:Equal opportunity
2289:Economic planning
2022:
2021:
1911:African-Caribbean
1899:Regional variants
1631:Council communism
1499:Saint-Simonianism
1266:Media related to
1139:Oeuvres complètes
1000:141-44; Pottier,
998:Oeuvres complètes
948:Oeuvres complètes
931:Oeuvres complètes
914:Oeuvres complètes
903:, 2 December 1875
885:Oeuvres complètes
860:Oeuvres complètes
767:Oeuvres complètes
741:Oeuvres complètes
715:Oeuvres complètes
689:Oeuvres complètes
644:Oeuvres complètes
347:Les Sans Culottes
329:. Apart from the
319:Le Chant du monde
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274:from 1919-40 and
104:chansons sociales
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2086:Equal liberty
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1822:Neo-Stalinism
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1798:
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1775:Khrushchevism
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1697:
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1691:
1688:
1683:
1682:Authoritarian
1679:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1659:
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1646:
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1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1569:Individualist
1567:
1565:
1562:
1558:
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1487:
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1477:
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1465:
1464:Revolutionary
1462:
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494:
491:. Preface by
490:
489:Jean Allemane
486:
483:
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398:Eugène Varlin
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143:Paris Commune
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53:
52:revolutionary
48:
40:
32:
19:
3415:
3403:
3234:Clara Zetkin
3214:Leon Trotsky
3209:Ernst Toller
3199:R. H. Tawney
3139:Karl Polanyi
3019:James Larkin
2889:Noam Chomsky
2615:Pyotr Lavrov
2595:Karl Kautsky
2590:Mother Jones
2570:Charles Hall
2560:Emma Goldman
2530:Claire Démar
2460:August Bebel
2254:Basic income
1762:
1638:Luxemburgism
1589:Neozapatismo
1537:Collectivist
1387:21st century
1318:Find a Grave
1243:at Wikiquote
1202:
1197:
1189:
1184:
1172:. Retrieved
1168:
1159:
1151:
1146:
1138:
1133:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1078:
1074:
1068:
1042:. Retrieved
1038:
1028:
1019:
1015:
1009:
1004:87-91; 94-95
1001:
997:
992:
969:
965:
959:
951:
947:
942:
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917:
913:
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888:
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835:
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748:
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709:
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683:
674:
670:
664:
656:
651:
643:
638:
630:
625:
606:
600:
591:
587:
581:
562:Loren Kruger
557:
543:
525:
519:
514:Jules Vallès
498:
484:
478:
466:
465:
462:
459:
456:
451:
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:In English:
437:
430:Nom de Dieu!
381:
379:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
330:
314:
310:
301:
293:
291:
279:
272:Soviet Union
267:
243:
233:Charles Gros
217:
212:
205:
204:
200:
197:Jules Vallès
188:
179:
167:
155:
130:
109:
103:
100:chansonniers
99:
84:
63:
38:
37:
3480:1887 deaths
3475:1816 births
3298:Evo Morales
3288:Kim Jong Un
3268:Hugo Chávez
3239:Howard Zinn
3229:Cornel West
3224:H. G. Wells
3194:Sun Yat-sen
3029:Jack Layton
3004:Kim Jong-il
2959:Maxim Gorky
2909:Marcel Déat
2824:Jiang Zemin
2765:Oscar Wilde
2705:George Sand
2660:Robert Owen
2585:Jean Jaurès
2475:Louis Blanc
2382:Thomas More
2344:Technocracy
2218:Trade union
2188:Revisionism
2138:Land reform
2009:Third World
1936:Nationalist
1728:Brezhnevism
1701:Nechayevism
1643:Mao-Spontex
1609:Syndicalist
1599:Communalism
1594:Platformism
1547:Free-market
1518:Libertarian
1504:Technocracy
1454:Nationalist
1432:Syndicalism
916:, 208-216;
887:, 206-207;
564:. Chicago:
504:Preface by
487:Songs. Ed.
355:Jean Misère
339:Pete Seeger
171:Freemasonry
3515:Communards
3469:Categories
3405:Categories
3308:Xi Jinping
3244:J. Posadas
2924:John Dewey
2914:Guy Debord
2834:Jyoti Basu
2715:Eugène Sue
2029:and issues
2027:Key topics
2004:Sri Lankan
1977:Melanesian
1972:Indonesian
1921:Bolivarian
1843:Lassallism
1831:Tkachevism
1713:Bolshevism
1687:from above
1672:Third camp
1648:Trotskyism
1523:from below
1489:Icarianism
1484:Fourierism
1469:Scientific
1402:Democratic
1377:Schools of
1257:Wikisource
1174:20 January
1128:14, 138-41
1107:2911606027
1044:August 14,
803:0472107240
573:References
394:Jules Jouy
3356:Communism
3351:Anarchism
3278:Hu Jintao
3104:Imre Nagy
2894:M. N. Roy
2854:Léon Blum
2849:Tony Benn
2784:Tariq Ali
2640:Karl Marx
2244:Adhocracy
2183:Reformism
2071:Democracy
1941:Chiangist
1931:Communist
1878:communism
1873:anarchism
1868:Christian
1855:Religious
1817:Stalinism
1743:Guevarism
1733:Castroism
1708:Blanquism
1584:Mutualism
1542:Communist
1532:Anarchism
1459:Reformist
1427:Labourism
1397:Communist
1355:Socialism
1201:Pottier,
1188:Pottier,
1137:Pottier,
996:Pottier,
978:cite book
946:Pottier,
929:Pottier,
912:Pottier,
883:Pottier,
862:, 204-205
858:Pottier,
778:Pottier,
765:Pottier,
752:Pottier,
739:Pottier,
726:Pottier,
700:Pottier,
687:Pottier,
655:Pottier,
642:Pottier,
390:Haymarket
377:in 2021.
60:freemason
3376:Old Left
3371:New Left
3344:See also
3273:Bob Crow
2809:Aung San
2237:Concepts
2014:Yugoslav
1950:European
1863:Buddhist
1770:Kadarism
1758:Husakism
1753:Hoxhaism
1738:Ceaușism
1718:Leninism
1696:Barracks
1658:Posadism
1653:Pabloism
1579:Magonism
1412:Feminist
1392:Agrarian
1303:LibriVox
1141:, 226-27
1054:cite web
816:Johson,
534:Willette
530:Steinlen
317:such as
288:Legacies
3189:Sukarno
3089:Mao Dun
1982:Mexican
1967:Israeli
1926:Chinese
1906:African
1885:Islamic
1785:Dengism
1494:Owenism
1479:Utopian
1449:Marxian
1439:Liberal
1407:Ethical
1379:thought
1369:Outline
1365:History
1281:at the
1205:, 97-98
1120:Ferro,
954:, 94-95
937:, 74-82
891:, 25-26
782:, 61-62
769:, 80-81
704:, 50-53
691:, 46-48
659:, 47-55
646:, 43-56
550:Paris;
454:again.
3119:Ne Win
3059:Lu Xun
2359:People
1987:Soviet
1962:Indian
1890:Jewish
1780:Maoism
1604:Social
1444:Market
1104:
842:
800:
613:
568:, 2024
554:, 2016
281:Pravda
3253:21st
2774:20th
2430:19th
2391:18th
2367:16th
1838:State
1764:Juche
1564:Green
1422:Guild
1417:Green
1096:[
1077:[
1018:[
968:[
920:31-39
834:[
820:, 105
717:, 217
673:[
590:[
473:Works
237:Lille
1997:Real
1916:Arab
1176:2012
1154:, 72
1102:ISBN
1060:link
1046:2023
984:link
840:ISBN
798:ISBN
730:, 29
611:ISBN
538:Grün
512:and
400:and
195:and
56:poet
1316:at
1301:at
1255:at
1192:166
633:, 8
341:to
3471::
3255:c.
2776:c.
2432:c.
2393:c.
2369:c.
1367:-
1056:}}
1052:{{
1037:.
980:}}
976:{{
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1178:.
1110:.
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1048:.
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848:.
806:.
619:.
502:.
221:.
41:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
