17:
323:
and the French-speaking communes which he always defended during the German period, he was only permitted to return in
November 1919, after the parliamentary elections in which he was prevented from standing. When he returned from exile to his native town, ruined, he had moreover to face a plot meant
400:
The French government tried again to block them, working for the invalidation of the mandate of the deputies Rossé and
Ricklin, on the pretext that the presidential pardon had not granted their complete civic rights. The French deputies agreed with the government and voted for the invalidation with
539:
94:
From a young age, he showed a great interest in justice and defence of the common man, and was already noticed at 29 years old when it was suggested to him he might join the municipal council of his home town. At the age of 34, he succeeded Flury, and became mayor of
Dannemarie in 1898.
188:
However, his relations with the
Germans were problematic. Within his own family he spoke French. He stayed faithful to his fellow Alsatians for whom he did not cease to defend energetically their interests against the imperial administration . At this time he earned the nickname
180:
in 1911. He subsequently became its first president. The
Landtag of Alsace-Lorraine has been the only parliamentary institution in Alsatian history, elected by universal suffrage and representing the region as a whole, and succeeded the only indirectly-elected, partly appointed
534:
327:
But
Ricklin was a fighter and didn't give up the political struggle. Disappointed, like many, in December 1925 by the behaviour of the French towards Alsace, he returned to public life, first by joining the editorial committee of the
440:
420:
of May 1931, six
Alsatian autonomist deputies voted for "Doctor Eugène Ricklin, last president of the Parliament of Alsace-Lorraine" as a protestation to effect a final pardon and rehabilitation for Ricklin.
529:
524:
519:
389:
After a show trial, they were sentenced, but owing to public outcry, released on 14 July on receiving a presidential pardon. Ricklin was triumphantly welcomed back to the whole of his native
413:
had then to revive an organic decree dated 2 February 1852 to be able to pronounce a new invalidation. However, under constant public pressure, Ricklin was then promised an amnesty.
417:
248:) to try to save Alsatian political gains by means of negotiation with the French. He took the initiative and convened the council on 12 November 1918. Elected president of the
409:) invalidated on 22 March 1929. But Ricklin and Rossé struck back. They applied again as candidates and, one more time, were comfortably re-elected on 2 June 1930. The
283:
With the arrival of the French on
November 22, 1918, Ricklin knew he would face challenges. It was certain that they considered him as the man to be most feared in
514:
240:
At the end of the war, he saw that the full autonomy granted by the
Germans in 1918 had arrived too late and, on the abdication of the Kaiser, formed the
98:
He was relieved of his duties as mayor in 1902 following a complaint about an insult to the Kaiser and as a sanction for having claimed the status of
544:
467:
These commissions had to sort people following their ancestry from class A : "pure" French or
Alsatian to class D : "pure" German.
549:
252:, he proposed to the French authorities that they accept an agreement guaranteeing those Alsatian rights he knew were threatened by French
509:
276:
became the National Council for Alsace-Lorraine shortly before its abolition. For the rest of his life, Ricklin reproached the other
424:
However, while he continued to enjoy enormous popularity, Ricklin never recovered from not being granted a full official pardon.
363:
tried to prevent the autonomists participating. Six autonomists newspapers were then banned and the leaders arrested: among them,
168:
His rise continued. His authority, rectitude and competence earned him respect and acknowledgement within his party, the Catholic
287:. So, they tried by all means to eliminate him from the political scene so as to give themselves a free hand in their policy of
504:
401:
195 votes for and 29 against with 416 abstentions. The government did the same for their departmental mandate which the
150:
206:
Before war broke out, he tirelessly worked for the preservation of peace and, in 1913 and 1914, went with Abbot
394:
114:, a supporter of the Germans. Nevertheless, Ricklin remained a member of the municipal council until 1908.
427:
Ricklin died on Wednesday 4 September 1935 at 20:20 after a long stay in the hospital of his native town,
199:
169:
428:
44:
35:. He was known for his fiery opposition both to German and French assimilationist policies in Alsace.
499:
494:
76:
360:
364:
142:
319:(at some point, he was even put in prison). In spite of the protest of every mayor and priest of
295:
during the war years. They also tried to prevent him playing a role in the reconstruction of the
368:
540:
Members of the Second Chamber of the Parliament of the Imperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine
158:
55:
hotelier father and an Alsatian mother, Catherine Kayser. After his secondary education in
479:
312:
107:
176:(which obtained a relative majority) in the first election by universal suffrage for the
219:
299:
for which debates began in February 1919. As a result, he was dragged in front of the
488:
393:
where the people joined forces behind him, to the point of electing him again to the
378:
But Rossé and Ricklin fought back and whilst in prison applied as candidates for the
288:
207:
16:
371:
and Ricklin. On 16 March 1928, Ricklin, 66 years old, was led handcuffed through
256:. But the winds had changed and, with it, many coats within the veterans of the
234:
126:
253:
138:
122:
72:
32:
110:. He was disliked by the German authorities and was replaced by the notary
441:
List of presidents of the Second Chamber of the Landtag of Alsace-Lorraine
172:(Centre Party), so that he was elected with some of his colleagues of the
458:
What happened next in Alsace proved to Ricklin that his fears were right.
372:
341:
162:
146:
88:
84:
60:
390:
345:
177:
68:
56:
52:
284:
269:
265:
226:
154:
80:
64:
29:
535:
Members of the 14th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
264:
parliamentarians, with the Social Democrats, didn't want to provoke
292:
215:
15:
280:
members for having acted too late to preserve Alsatian autonomy.
268:
and opted to rely on the promises of the French generals such as
316:
211:
386:). Their popularity had not declined; they were duly elected.
332:, then by joining the team that initiated the manifest of the
336:
on 7 June 1926. Under his management, the committee of the
225:
During the war, he was charged and transferred to northern
260:. He found himself in a minority, and a major part of the
315:
was sent into forced residence in the occupied zone near
359:
With parliamentary elections of May 1928 approaching,
157:, having been elected deputy for the constituency of
530:Members of the 13th Reichstag of the German Empire
525:Members of the 12th Reichstag of the German Empire
520:Members of the 11th Reichstag of the German Empire
307:) and, during March, this latter president of the
218:where he met again other active pacifists like
210:to the interparliamentary peace conferences of
348:autonomists and developed the strategy of the
117:In 1896, as Flury's successor, he joined the
8:
229:because he strenuously defended his friend
137:- Alsace-Lorraine's quasi-parliament - in
418:election of the president of the Republic
28:(12 May 1862 – 4 September 1935) was an
451:
291:, which had already been prepared in
7:
125:of which he became president during
324:to bring him down professionally.
515:Centre Party (Germany) politicians
149:. In 1903, he was elected to the
14:
478:This article is a translation of
297:Zentrumspartei Elsass-Lothringen
233:who had been accused of being
203:from the imperial government.
59:, he attended the gymnasia of
1:
340:went into relations with the
545:Alsace independence movement
380:Union populaire républicaine
237:by a German military court.
550:Political history of France
43:Eugène Ricklin was born in
566:
510:Politicians from Grand Est
305:people sorting commissions
482:in the French Knowledge.
141:, in place of deselected
384:Republican Popular Union
197:). He even refused the
71:east of the Rhine, to
21:
505:People from Haut-Rhin
301:Commissions de Triage
133:delegated him to the
19:
77:Freiburg im Breisgau
26:Eugène Adolf Ricklin
480:the similar article
375:to be imprisoned.
195:D’r sundgauer Leeb
67:. He then went to
22:
397:in October 1928.
87:where he studied
557:
468:
465:
459:
456:
246:National Council
200:Roter Adlerorden
191:the Sundgau Lion
565:
564:
560:
559:
558:
556:
555:
554:
485:
484:
476:
471:
466:
462:
457:
453:
449:
437:
395:conseil général
313:Alsace-Lorraine
183:Landesausschuss
135:Landesausschuss
129:. In 1900, the
108:Alsace-Lorraine
41:
20:Ricklin in 1915
12:
11:
5:
563:
561:
553:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
487:
486:
475:
472:
470:
469:
460:
450:
448:
445:
444:
443:
436:
433:
411:Conseil d’État
403:Conseil d’État
40:
37:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
562:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
492:
490:
483:
481:
473:
464:
461:
455:
452:
446:
442:
439:
438:
434:
432:
430:
425:
422:
419:
414:
412:
408:
407:State Council
404:
398:
396:
392:
387:
385:
381:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
357:
355:
351:
350:Einheitsfront
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
325:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
238:
236:
232:
231:Médard Brogly
228:
223:
221:
217:
213:
209:
204:
202:
201:
196:
192:
186:
184:
179:
175:
171:
166:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
115:
113:
109:
105:
104:federal state
101:
96:
92:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
38:
36:
34:
31:
27:
18:
477:
463:
454:
426:
423:
415:
410:
406:
402:
399:
388:
383:
379:
377:
365:Joseph Rossé
358:
353:
349:
337:
333:
329:
326:
320:
308:
304:
300:
296:
289:francization
282:
277:
273:
261:
257:
249:
245:
241:
239:
230:
224:
205:
198:
194:
190:
187:
182:
173:
167:
143:Anton Cassal
134:
130:
123:Upper Alsace
118:
116:
111:
103:
99:
97:
93:
48:
42:
25:
23:
500:1935 deaths
495:1862 births
416:During the
354:unity front
278:Nationalrat
274:Nationalrat
250:Nationalrat
242:Nationalrat
235:francophile
220:Jean Jaurès
127:World War I
100:Bundesstaat
53:sundgauvian
49:Dammerkirch
489:Categories
429:Dannemarie
369:Karl Hauss
338:Heimatbund
334:Heimatbund
321:Dannemarie
254:Jacobinism
139:Strasbourg
131:Bezirkstag
119:Bezirkstag
73:Regensburg
45:Dannemarie
33:politician
447:Footnotes
151:Reichstag
112:Centlivre
51:) from a
47:(German:
39:Biography
435:See also
373:Mulhouse
361:Poincaré
163:Altkirch
147:Ferrette
89:medicine
85:Erlangen
61:Altkirch
30:Alsatian
474:Sources
391:Sundgau
330:Zukunft
309:Landtag
262:Zentrum
258:Landtag
178:Landtag
174:Zentrum
170:Zentrum
69:Germany
57:Belfort
24:Doctor
342:Breton
285:Alsace
272:. The
270:Joffre
266:France
227:France
193:(als:
155:Berlin
106:) for
81:Munich
65:Colmar
346:Corse
293:Paris
216:Basel
208:Haegy
159:Thann
356:).
344:and
317:Kehl
214:and
212:Bern
83:and
63:and
311:of
153:in
145:of
121:of
491::
431:.
367:,
222:.
185:.
165:.
91:.
79:,
75:,
405:(
382:(
352:(
303:(
244:(
161:-
102:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
