658:, miniature versions of the adult eels. As the eel grows, it becomes known as a "yellow eel" due to the brownish-yellow color of their sides and belly. After 5–20 years in fresh or brackish water, the eels become sexually mature, their eyes grow larger, their flanks become silver, and their bellies white in color. In this stage, the eels are known as "silver eels", and they begin their migration back to the Sargasso Sea to spawn. Silvering is important in an eel's development because it allows for increased levels of the steroid hormone cortisol, which is needed for their migration from fresh water back to the sea. Cortisol plays a role in the long migration because it allows for the mobilization of energy during migration. Also playing a key role in silvering is the production of the steroid 11-Ketotestosterone (11-KT), which prepares the eel for structural changes to the skin to endure the migration from fresh water to saltwater.
699:
926:
282:
946:
910:
105:
675:
966:
687:
63:
231:
2353:
44:
750:(FCR) in the range of 1.8-2.5, although European fisheries are typically in the 1.6-1.7 range. Filters are essential for eliminating waste and ensuring the eels have clean water to live in. Eels are typically transported via road in tanks with water or via air in styrofoam boxes with a beaker of ice. The beakers keep
547:. Through a combination of fresh and salt water, as well as hormones, they were able to breed it in captivity in 2006 and make the larvae survive for 4.5 days after hatching. By 2007, DTU Aqua scientists were able to set a new record where the larvae survived for 12 days by feeding the mother eel with a special
629:
was a mystery for centuries, as fishermen never caught anything they could identify as a young eel. Unlike many other migrating fish, eels begin their life cycle in the ocean and spend most of their lives in fresh inland water, or brackish coastal water, returning to the ocean to spawn and then die.
334:
European eels are normally around 45–65 centimetres (18–26 in) and rarely reach more than 1.0 metre (3 ft 3 in), but can reach a length of up to 1.33 metres (4 ft 4 in) in exceptional cases. In addition, they range from having 110 to 120
653:
When approaching the
European coast, the larvae metamorphose into a transparent larval stage called "glass eel", enter estuaries, and many start migrating upstream. After entering their continental habitat, the glass eels metamorphose into
599:) and Tunisia (National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies), was started in 2010. By 2014, the eel larvae at their facilities typically survived 20–22 days, and by 2022 they were surviving up to around 140 days, well into the
555:
has been used, the mouth and digestive channel have developed, and it requires feeding. Attempts with various substances failed. Deep water sampling of the presumed habitat of larval
European eel in the Sargasso Sea was performed by the
661:
Sometimes the eel will never enter freshwater, and remain in their marine environment their entire life. Others grow up in brackish water, or migrate between saltwater, brackish water and freshwater several times in their lifetime.
479:
Convention. Hydroelectric dams have been shown to have a significant negative impact on eel populations. Over an 80 year period, waters with large dams have experienced almost twice the reduction of eel numbers as dam-free waters.
2467:
888:
also participate in this practice. Eel breeding programs initiated by humans have been unsuccessful thus far and therefore the entire industry is dependent on the number of eels spawning in the wild, leaving it
1894:"Gonad histology and plasma steroid profiles in wild New Zealand freshwater eels (Anguilla dieffenbachii and A. australis) before and at the onset of the natural spawning migration. I. Females*"
1713:
698:
532:
in the
Netherlands initiated a project where they attempted to get European eels to breed in captivity by simulating the 6,500 km (4,000 mi) journey from Europe to the
1853:
Dufour, Sylvie; Ginneken, Vincent van; Durif, Caroline; Doornbos, Jorg; Noorlander, Kees; Thillart, Guido van den; Boot, Ron; Murk, Albertinka; Sbaihi, Miskal (1 January 2007).
808:
to infect
European eels but have been observed in necropsies and are likely the result of other stresses increasing the eel's susceptibility to disease, but can be treated with
2749:
2199:
2035:
1537:
580:
475:
is introducing traceability and legality systems throughout trade change to control and reverse the decline of the species. The species is listed in
Appendix II of the
2571:
592:
411:
also prey on elvers. Eels usually find and compete for shelter by hiding in plants or tube-shaped crevices in rocks. They also hide in muddy fields when inland.
2633:
1950:
2272:
Pirollo, Teresa; Perolo, Alberto; Mantegari, Simone; Barbieri, Ilaria; Scali, Federico; Loris
Alborali, Giovanni; Salogni, Cristian (14 February 2023).
2142:
Pirollo, Teresa; Perolo, Alberto; Mantegari, Simone; Barbieri, Ilaria; Scali, Federico; Loris
Alborali, Giovanni; Salogni, Cristian (14 February 2023).
339:. While European eels tend to live approximately 15–20 years in the wild, some captive specimens have lived for over 80 years. A specimen known as "the
560:
3 expedition in 2006–07, in the hope of revealing the likely feeding preference at the early stage. Their results indicated that they feed on various
719:
The eel farming industry uses recirculating pools to raise glass eels taken from the wild for 8 months to 2 years until they mature enough for sale.
2545:
1710:
2584:
1069:
1564:
2789:
2764:
1730:
Politis, S.N.; Sørensen, S.R.; Conceicao, L.; Santos, A.; Benini, E.; Bandara, K.; Sganga, D.; Branco, J.; Tomkiewicz, J. (30 September 2022).
2075:
2659:
420:
2804:
686:
2251:
2013:
1814:
Balm, S. Paul; Durif, Caroline; van
Ginneken, Vincent; Antonissen, Erik; Boot, Ron; van Den Thillart, Guido; Verstegen, Martin (2007).
820:
in
European eels are white spots, mucus increase, fin fraying, rubbing infected spots against the enclosure, respiratory distress, and
2799:
596:
781:
observed in eel fisheries are red fin and red eel pest. When an eel has a red fin infection, its tail and fins start rotting, and a
2721:
1626:
472:
2779:
2769:
544:
220:
575:
To further the research, the PRO-EEL project, led by DTU Aqua and involving several research institutes elsewhere in
Denmark (
2794:
2784:
2589:
1065:
1436:
2620:
2331:
67:
754:
on the outside and ice on inside to keep the environment moist enough for the 1-3kg of eels to survive and also keep the
635:
2357:
520:
added the European eel to its "seafood red list", and the Sustainable Eel Group launched the Sustainable Eel Standard.
367:, its coasts, and the rivers that empty into it. Feeding occurs mainly at night, via scent and prey consists of worms,
2441:
840:
at a young age, salt solutions, or decreased temperature of water within the enclosure. Salt solutions also can treat
674:
2511:
1639:
452:
2638:
2524:
104:
1671:
2754:
576:
517:
464:
1816:"Silvering of European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.): seasonal changes of morphological and metabolic parameters"
1600:
281:
1511:
1093:
2774:
925:
528:
As the European eel population has been falling for some time, several projects have been started. In 1997,
1788:
945:
2371:
2062:"Growth rate and feed conversion efficiency of intensively cultivated European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.)"
2409:
1938:
2446:
852:
The exportation of European Eels has been restricted since 2010, yet on average 44% of eel sales in the
747:
608:
426:
199:
2690:
1579:
1561:
909:
2759:
2726:
2480:
2418:
1654:
817:
557:
460:
443:
1855:"Endocrine profiles during silvering of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) living in saltwater"
1460:
1018:
1289:
778:
52:
668:
has also been reported in the European eel by at least one study, and may be used for navigation.
1921:
736:
493:
307:
243:
99:
1755:"Danish Researches in the Atlantic and Mediterranean on the Life-History of the Freshwater-Eel (
739:
based pellets and pastes are utilized as food sources for the eels after an initial few days of
2612:
2576:
1372:
1230:
2672:
2454:
2305:
2175:
1913:
1874:
1835:
1212:
584:
2713:
1854:
2677:
2295:
2285:
2200:"The First Eel Aquaculture Farm In The U.S. Is Raising Elvers For The American Sushi Market"
2165:
2155:
2036:"The First Eel Aquaculture Farm In The U.S. Is Raising Elvers For The American Sushi Market"
1905:
1866:
1827:
1770:
1538:"The First Eel Aquaculture Farm In The U.S. Is Raising Elvers For The American Sushi Market"
1202:
1192:
1013:
841:
829:
665:
626:
620:
588:
537:
500:. Glass-eel fishing using basket traps has been of significant economic value in many river
448:
433:
is thought to have declined by around 90% (possibly even 98%). Contributing factors include
311:
285:
2602:
1892:
Lokman, P. Mark; Vermeulen, Gerard J.; Lambert, Jan G.D.; Young, Graham (1 December 1998).
2646:
2423:
2335:
2274:"Mortality in farmed European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in Italy due to Streptococcus iniae"
2224:
2144:"Mortality in farmed European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in Italy due to Streptococcus iniae"
2113:
1979:
1717:
1568:
1150:
516:
industry, including European eels. In order to make eel consumption sustainable, in 2010,
1342:
1259:
1181:"When the Eel Meets Dams: Larger Dams' Long-Term Impacts on Anguilla anguilla (L., 1758)"
1120:
529:
2076:"Feed conversion efficiency in aquaculture: do we measure it correctly? | TABLE Debates"
391:
on occasion when available in large quantities. European eels are preyed upon by bigger
2519:
2506:
2300:
2273:
2170:
2143:
890:
364:
146:
1179:
Podda, Cinzia; Palmas, Francesco; Pusceddu, Antonio; Sabatini, Andrea (18 July 2022).
995:
2743:
2597:
2061:
1441:
1004:
853:
809:
647:
600:
569:
509:
340:
216:
72:
1925:
965:
731:
to prevent disease spread and eels are sorted by size every couple weeks to prevent
2472:
952:↑ Total production of European eel in thousands of tonnes as reported by the
825:
751:
720:
639:
533:
489:
360:
2459:
1732:"European eel larviculture: First establishment of feeding Leptocephalus culture"
1698:
PRO-EEL: Reproduction of the European eel: Towards a self-sustaining aquaculture.
893:
and vulnerable to the factors causing European Eels to be critically endangered.
2703:
2625:
2558:
2403:
1815:
1731:
869:
857:
755:
732:
456:
434:
315:
176:
166:
43:
2328:
2290:
2160:
1870:
1831:
1485:
1909:
1658:
1197:
1180:
786:
774:
728:
727:
is also utilized instead of recirculating pools for eel farming. New eels are
561:
380:
323:
1917:
1878:
1839:
1774:
1759:, Turt.). With notes on other species.) with Plates IV—IX and 2 Text-figures"
1216:
359:
Eels tend to range from 0 to 700 meters underwater and after spawning in the
2493:
877:
604:
565:
497:
468:
400:
344:
116:
17:
2394:
2309:
2179:
1754:
1040:
735:
and remove dead animals. A range of 23°C to 28°C is optimal for growth and
2352:
1893:
230:
2532:
2433:
2388:
833:
821:
805:
777:
measures are not taken immediately upon arrival of new eels. Some common
552:
548:
438:
388:
384:
372:
336:
136:
2651:
1207:
1088:
1086:
2550:
1939:
The evolving story of catadromy in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)
1697:
881:
837:
836:
spreading from the head to the rest of the eel and can be treated with
770:
766:
631:
501:
319:
2563:
2537:
1417:. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. p. 12
1322:. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. p. 12
885:
873:
793:
655:
505:
430:
348:
126:
2365:
1403:
1308:
2498:
1604:
488:
Eels have been important sources of food both as adults (including
2698:
2685:
865:
861:
796:, swelling, and spots of red on the skin of the eel. In addition,
790:
643:
513:
476:
396:
280:
89:
83:
2485:
1684:
2664:
1763:
Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie
899:
Global production of European eels in tonnes as reported by the
782:
724:
408:
404:
376:
368:
2369:
1951:"Eels May Use 'Magnetic Maps' As They Slither Across The Ocean"
1955:
953:
900:
844:
that cause swelling of gills and brown or white skin patches.
769:
can be spread rapidly in the highly populated environments of
743:
740:
543:
The first to achieve some success was DTU Aqua, a part of the
392:
303:
156:
972:↑ Main European countries producing farmed European eel
816:
have also been observed in necropsies, and some symptoms of
789:
can be used to treat red eel pest which is characterized by
704:
Mature silver-stage European eels migrate back to the ocean
832:
such as red head have also been observed; symptoms include
642:
as the most likely spawning grounds for European eels. The
512:
imports 11 million pounds of eel every year to support its
371:(including ones too big to eat without biting off chunks),
1627:
Danske forskere får ål til at yngle udenfor Sargassohavet.
824:. These parasites are best treated with salt solutions or
2060:
Karipoglou, Costas; Nathanailides, Cosmas (11 May 2009).
1461:"Other Aquatic species – Species we work with at TRAFFIC"
746:
for the small glass ones. European eels typically have a
2108:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
429:
species. Since the 1970s, the numbers of eels reaching
692:
Glass eels at the transition from ocean to fresh water
551:-enriched diet. At this age the content of the larval
343:" lived for 155 years in the well of a family home in
1974:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1373:"European eel (Anguilla anguilla) - Species Profile"
1231:"European eel (Anguilla anguilla) - Species Profile"
568:. A follow-up expedition was performed by DTU's own
2378:
1640:
Dansk forskergennembrud kan sikre ålens overlevelse
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
581:Norwegian Institute of Fisheries and Food Research
2259:DTU Aqua, National Institute of Aquatic Resources
2021:DTU Aqua, National Institute of Aquatic Resources
1397:
1395:
1393:
2137:
2135:
1019:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T60344A152845178.en
650:) drift towards Europe in a 300-day migration.
1253:
1251:
593:French National Center for Scientific Research
8:
2750:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
1377:USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database
1235:USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database
611:has still not been completed in captivity.
2366:
2323:
2321:
2319:
229:
61:
42:
33:
2299:
2289:
2169:
2159:
1562:Greenpeace International Seafood Red list
1290:"World's oldest eel dies in Swedish well"
1206:
1196:
1017:
994:Pike, C.; Crook, V.; Gollock, M. (2020).
785:solution should be utilized to treat it.
1404:"Synopsis of Biological Data On the Eel
1309:"Synopsis of Biological Data On the Eel
2193:
2191:
2189:
1650:
1648:
1070:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
986:
670:
1642:. Ingeniøren. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
564:organisms, but especially microscopic
238:Freshwater range of wild European eel
421:Freshwater eel poaching and smuggling
322:on coasts for human consumption, and
7:
2691:94AA5349-EDA9-E45C-E646-5F479A5A4F1A
2525:11ec4e75-5b20-4600-b015-34deeb5b756d
2250:Kirkegaard, Eskild (November 2010).
2012:Kirkegaard, Eskild (November 2010).
1711:Ålens kode skal knækkes i Hirtshals.
1696:Wageningen University and Research:
1601:"Innofisk Volendam breedign project"
1174:
1172:
932:↑ Farmed production, 1950–2010
572:to the Sargasso Sea region in 2014.
1720:Nordjyske. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
1629:Politiken. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
1005:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
812:. Parasites such as from the genus
1185:Frontiers in Environmental Science
597:Polytechnic University of Valencia
25:
1789:"FAO Fisheries & Aquaculture
1098:oceans-and-fisheries.ec.europa.eu
451:dams, and natural changes in the
2351:
1898:Fish Physiology and Biochemistry
1709:Borup, A.T. (13 December 2014).
964:
944:
924:
908:
697:
685:
673:
471:may be a factor in the decline.
447:, barriers to migration such as
363:, disperse North throughout the
347:, a fishing village in southern
103:
2327:Based on data sourced from the
1516:Farmland Museum and Denny Abbey
916:↑ Wild capture, 1950–2010
762:Diseases/parasites in fisheries
545:Technical University of Denmark
2252:"European Eel and Aquaculture"
2014:"European Eel and Aquaculture"
1347:(Linnaeus, 1758) European eel"
1264:(Linnaeus, 1758) European eel"
1125:(Linnaeus, 1758) European eel"
680:Life cycle of the European eel
583:and others), the Netherlands (
1:
2790:Fish of the Mediterranean Sea
2765:Critically endangered animals
2278:Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
2148:Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
1638:Nywold, M. (5 October 2007).
1590:EOAS magazine, september 2010
723:on coasts through the use of
603:stage (the stage just before
856:consists of these eels. Eel
595:and others), Spain (ICTA at
2805:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1672:Danish Eel Expedition 2014.
1437:"PCBs are killing off eels"
625:Much of the European eel's
504:on the western seaboard of
2821:
2291:10.1186/s13028-023-00669-y
2161:10.1186/s13028-023-00669-y
1871:10.1163/157075607782232143
1832:10.1163/157075607780002014
618:
453:North Atlantic oscillation
418:
273:Leptocephalus brevirostris
2800:Freshwater fish of Europe
1795:. Fao.org. 1 January 2004
1486:"CITES Appendix listings"
1198:10.3389/fenvs.2022.876369
249:
242:
237:
228:
205:
198:
100:Scientific classification
98:
81:
59:
50:
41:
36:
2225:"A guide to eel farming"
2114:"A guide to eel farming"
1980:"A guide to eel farming"
1775:10.1002/iroh.19120050207
1700:Retrieved 22 April 2017.
1687:Retrieved 22 April 2017.
1674:Retrieved 22 April 2017.
1661:Retrieved 22 April 2017.
1580:Sustainable Eel Standard
1151:"A guide to eel farming"
577:University of Copenhagen
518:Greenpeace International
465:polychlorinated biphenyl
2334:7 November 2012 at the
1910:10.1023/A:1007719414295
1753:Schmidt, Johs. (1912).
1670:DTU (6 November 2014).
1402:Deelder, C. L. (1984).
1341:Deelder, C. L. (1984).
1307:Deelder, C. L. (1984).
1258:Deelder, C. L. (1984).
1119:Deelder, C. L. (1984).
484:Sustainable consumption
463:. Recent work suggests
2780:Fish of the Baltic Sea
2770:Fish described in 1758
1625:Ritzau (6 July 2006).
1012:: e.T60344A152845178.
804:. are other more rare
587:and others), Belgium (
425:The European eel is a
306:. They are critically
289:
2795:Fish of the North Sea
2785:Fish of the Black Sea
1716:22 April 2017 at the
1567:10 April 2010 at the
860:is most prominent in
748:feed conversion ratio
579:and others), Norway (
427:critically endangered
284:
68:Critically Endangered
2520:Fauna Europaea (new)
2362:at Wikimedia Commons
1041:"Appendices | CITES"
818:parasitic infections
779:bacterial infections
710:Commercial fisheries
630:In the early 1900s,
461:North Atlantic drift
444:Anguillicola crassus
1066:"Anguilla anguilla"
508:. In addition, the
415:Conservation status
53:Conservation status
302:) is a species of
290:
266:Anguilla malgumora
2737:
2736:
2673:Open Tree of Life
2473:anguilla-anguilla
2424:Anguilla_anguilla
2410:Anguilla anguilla
2380:Anguilla anguilla
2372:Taxon identifiers
2359:Anguilla anguilla
2356:Media related to
2329:FishStat database
1791:Anguilla anguilla
1757:Anguilla vulgaris
1607:on 15 August 2011
1512:"Everything Eels"
1408:(Linnaeus, 1758)"
1406:Anguilla anguilla
1345:Anguilla anguilla
1313:(Linnaeus, 1758)"
1311:Anguilla anguilla
1262:Anguilla anguilla
1123:Anguilla anguilla
998:Anguilla anguilla
842:fungal infections
802:Streptococcus spp
585:Leiden University
530:Innovatie Netwerk
524:Breeding projects
299:Anguilla anguilla
279:
278:
270:
263:
259:Anguilla vulgaris
256:
209:Anguilla anguilla
93:
76:
16:(Redirected from
2812:
2730:
2729:
2717:
2716:
2707:
2706:
2694:
2693:
2681:
2680:
2668:
2667:
2655:
2654:
2642:
2641:
2629:
2628:
2626:NBNSYS0000188599
2616:
2615:
2606:
2605:
2593:
2592:
2580:
2579:
2567:
2566:
2554:
2553:
2541:
2540:
2528:
2527:
2515:
2514:
2502:
2501:
2489:
2488:
2476:
2475:
2463:
2462:
2450:
2449:
2437:
2436:
2427:
2426:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2367:
2355:
2339:
2325:
2314:
2313:
2303:
2293:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2256:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2195:
2184:
2183:
2173:
2163:
2139:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2110:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2080:tabledebates.org
2072:
2066:
2065:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2018:
2009:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1976:
1961:
1960:
1959:. 13 April 2017.
1947:
1941:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1769:(2–3): 317–342.
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1727:
1721:
1707:
1701:
1694:
1688:
1681:
1675:
1668:
1662:
1652:
1643:
1636:
1630:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1603:. Archived from
1597:
1591:
1588:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1412:
1399:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
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830:Viral infections
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666:Magnetoreception
636:Johannes Schmidt
621:Eel life history
607:), but the full
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286:Édouard Manet
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37:European eel
35:
32:
27:
19:
2379:
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2281:
2277:
2267:
2258:
2245:
2233:. Retrieved
2228:
2219:
2207:. Retrieved
2203:
2198:Kart, Jeff.
2151:
2147:
2122:. Retrieved
2117:
2083:. Retrieved
2079:
2070:
2055:
2043:. Retrieved
2039:
2034:Kart, Jeff.
2029:
2020:
1988:. Retrieved
1983:
1954:
1945:
1934:
1901:
1897:
1887:
1862:
1858:
1848:
1826:(1): 63–77.
1823:
1819:
1809:
1797:. Retrieved
1790:
1783:
1766:
1762:
1756:
1748:
1736:. Retrieved
1725:
1705:
1692:
1679:
1666:
1634:
1621:
1609:. Retrieved
1605:the original
1595:
1586:
1575:
1557:
1545:. Retrieved
1541:
1536:Kart, Jeff.
1531:
1519:. Retrieved
1515:
1505:
1493:. Retrieved
1489:
1480:
1468:. Retrieved
1464:
1455:
1446:
1440:
1431:
1419:. Retrieved
1414:
1405:
1380:. Retrieved
1376:
1367:
1355:. Retrieved
1350:
1344:
1336:
1324:. Retrieved
1319:
1310:
1302:
1293:
1284:
1272:. Retrieved
1267:
1261:
1238:. Retrieved
1234:
1225:
1208:11584/345476
1188:
1184:
1159:. Retrieved
1154:
1145:
1133:. Retrieved
1128:
1122:
1114:
1102:. Retrieved
1097:
1073:. Retrieved
1060:
1048:. Retrieved
1044:
1035:
1023:. Retrieved
1009:
1003:
997:
989:
851:
838:vaccinations
826:formaldehyde
814:Dactylogyrus
813:
801:
797:
765:
758:low enough.
752:condensation
721:Valliculture
718:
664:
660:
652:
648:leptocephali
640:Sargasso Sea
627:life history
624:
615:Life history
574:
542:
534:Sargasso Sea
527:
490:jellied eels
487:
442:
424:
361:Sargasso Sea
358:
333:
298:
297:
294:European eel
293:
291:
272:
265:
258:
251:
250:
208:
206:
190:
189:
177:
31:
26:
18:European Eel
2760:Anguillidae
2559:iNaturalist
2404:Wikispecies
1495:13 November
1415:www.fao.org
1320:www.fao.org
1025:19 November
956:, 1950–2010
870:Scandinavia
858:aquaculture
828:solutions.
787:Antibiotics
756:temperature
733:cannibalism
729:quarantined
634:researcher
591:), France (
494:East London
457:Gulf Stream
435:overfishing
381:crustaceans
330:Description
316:overfishing
167:Anguillidae
86:Appendix II
2744:Categories
2235:10 October
2209:10 October
2124:10 October
2085:23 October
2045:10 October
1990:10 October
1659:Åleopdræt.
1547:10 October
1521:1 November
1470:10 January
1449:: 6. 2006.
1161:10 October
1050:14 January
981:References
775:quarantine
715:Production
609:life cycle
562:planktonic
498:glass eels
419:See also:
401:cormorants
308:endangered
269:Kaup, 1856
262:Shaw, 1803
1918:1573-5168
1879:1570-7563
1840:1570-7555
1734:. Aquaeas
1685:Partners.
1683:PRO-EEL:
1421:3 January
1382:6 October
1357:3 January
1326:3 January
1294:The Local
1274:3 January
1240:6 October
1217:2296-665X
1135:3 January
1104:6 October
1045:cites.org
878:Australia
791:ulcerated
771:fisheries
605:glass eel
566:jellyfish
502:estuaries
496:) and as
469:pollution
439:parasites
345:Brantevik
337:vertebrae
324:parasites
320:fisheries
185:Species:
123:Kingdom:
117:Eukaryota
2699:Species+
2577:10155183
2533:FishBase
2486:46561251
2431:BioLib:
2389:Wikidata
2332:Archived
2310:36788544
2284:(1): 5.
2180:36788544
2154:(1): 5.
1926:24194486
1799:2 August
1714:Archived
1655:Galathea
1611:21 March
1565:Archived
1351:FishBase
1268:FishBase
1129:FishBase
1075:11 March
848:Industry
822:lethargy
806:bacteria
767:Diseases
558:Galathea
553:yolk sac
549:arginine
441:such as
409:Seagulls
389:plankton
385:crayfish
383:such as
375:such as
373:mollusks
244:Synonyms
217:Linnaeus
178:Anguilla
163:Family:
137:Chordata
133:Phylum:
127:Animalia
113:Domain:
73:IUCN 3.1
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