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into the inhalent current of the respiring mussel and thereby fertilizes the eggs. The young hatch and remain protected within the mussel for about a month, eventually leaving the mussel as actively swimming larvae. Both sexes reach sexual maturity in 1 year, at a length of 30 to 35 mm (1.2 to
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316:, and sometimes in the scientific literature, also, but this is technically wrong, being a leftover from the times when the European bitterling was united with its
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The fish spawns in clear, slow-running or still water, often with a muddy bottom. The female deposits her eggs inside freshwater
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This species of fish was once used for human pregnancy tests. Female specimens were injected with the
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and muddy bottoms in shallow waters. It feeds mainly on plants, and to a lesser extent, upon worms,
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The fish reaches a size of up to 10 cm (4 in). It is found among plants over
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Tarkan, Ali Serhan; Özcan
Gaygusuz; Çiğdem Gürsoy; Hasan Acıpınar (2005).
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in 1782, and has been referred to in scientific literature as
299:. It is known simply as "the bitterling" in its native
328:. Properly, "bitterling" can refer to any species of
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364:, the hormones in the urine would cause the fish's
492:"Life History Pattern of a Eurasian Cyprinid,
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434:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T135635A4167105.en
360:of the woman to be tested. If the woman was
271:. It originates in Europe, ranging from the
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29:
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432:
416:The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
405:Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M. (2008).
397:
503:J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment
7:
800:592AAA1A-0405-CD6D-9F94-CE465F712EAA
657:a1e6cf01-4072-4a8a-8005-cd6afbf9297d
903:IUCN Red List least concern species
14:
287:. It was originally described as
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387:Laying tube of the Bitterling
263:belonging to the subfamily
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923:Habitats Directive species
913:Freshwater fish of Europe
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70:Scientific classification
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46:
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28:
23:
479:. February 2007 version.
465:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
303:, where it is the only
297:Rhodeus sericeus amarus
918:Fish described in 1782
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427:: e.T135635A4167105.
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375:. The male sheds his
652:Fauna Europaea (new)
293:Marcus Elieser Bloch
24:European bitterling
245:European bitterling
40:Conservation status
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530:Taxon identifiers
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231:Rhodeus genitalis
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289:Cyprinus amarus
223:Rhodeus lucinae
215:Cyprinus amarus
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16:Species of fish
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463:Froese, Rainer
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331:Acheilognathus
320:relative, the
267:of the family
250:Rhodeus amarus
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691:iNaturalist
562:Wikispecies
366:ovipositors
347:crustaceans
326:R. sericeus
273:Rhone River
218:Bloch, 1782
143:Subfamily:
897:Categories
840:Q106388148
513:2007-05-26
440:14 January
392:References
281:Neva River
269:Cyprinidae
258:freshwater
137:Cyprinidae
509:: 205–224
275:basin in
255:temperate
165:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
834:Wikidata
709:10761098
665:FishBase
576:BioLib:
553:Q1402074
547:Wikidata
476:FishBase
362:pregnant
353:larvae.
318:Siberian
206:Synonyms
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
908:Rhodeus
683:2360842
373:mussels
336:Rhodeus
313:Rhodeus
307:of its
305:species
279:to the
253:) is a
199:, 1782)
158:Rhodeus
153:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
880:154612
867:163611
813:154331
748:135635
735:163610
722:116720
696:111757
644:304517
631:RODEAM
618:217578
592:156398
351:insect
349:, and
285:Russia
277:France
875:WoRMS
854:33HPT
808:WoRMS
795:Plazi
774:98397
704:IRMNG
605:6X6ZT
579:15618
499:(PDF)
377:sperm
358:urine
343:sandy
324:, in
309:genus
301:range
197:Bloch
862:ITIS
787:2185
769:NCBI
743:IUCN
730:ITIS
678:GBIF
670:4483
626:EPPO
587:BOLD
442:2018
425:IUCN
421:2008
261:fish
243:The
849:CoL
756:NBN
717:ISC
613:EoL
600:CoL
429:doi
334:or
291:by
283:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
