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The principal meaning of existential clauses is to refer to the existence of something or the presence of something in a particular place or time. For example, "There is a God" asserts the existence of a God, but "There is a pen on the desk" asserts the presence or existence of a pen in a particular
348:, a change over time has been noted: "in the possessive construction, subject properties have been transferred diachronically from the possessed noun phrase to the possessor, while the possessor has all the subject properties except the form of the verb agreement that it triggers."
283:"to be finished". All four verbs have a post-verbal subject in common and usually introduce new characters to a story. If a character is already known, the verb would be used in the preverbal position.
117:, literally "It is found boys on the yard". On the other hand, some languages do not require a copula at all, and sentences analogous to "In the yard boys" are used. Some languages use the verb
251:, etc. For example, one can say "There was a God", "There is not a God" ("There is no God"), "Is there a God?", "There might be a God", "He was anxious for there to be a God" etc.
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that refers to the existence or presence of something, such as "There is a God" and "There are boys in the yard". The use of such clauses can be considered analogous to
267:. The form heavily uses a post-verbal subject order and explains what exists or does not exist. Only a few Pingelapese verbs are used existential sentence structure:
180:(usually designating a place), as in "In my room (there) is a large box." Other languages with constructions similar to the English dummy subject include
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102:, meaning "There are boys in the yard", is literally "On the yard is boys". Some languages have a different verb for that purpose:
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146:("there is/are") is used in affirmative existential clauses (in the present tense), but the negative equivalent is
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Many languages form existential clauses without any particular marker by simply using forms of the normal
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376:]. Studies in Slavic Linguistics ; 18 (in German). Munich: Lincom Europa. pp. 187–229.
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Different languages have different ways of forming and using existential clauses. For details on the
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being the noun (phrase) referring to the thing whose existence is asserted. For example, the
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The
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Some languages form the negative of existential clauses irregularly; for example, in
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295:(in a broad sense) is indicated by existential clauses, rather than by a verb like
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in predicate logic, which is often expressed with the phrase "There exist(s)...".
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An existential sentence is one of four structures associated within the
303:, "I have a friend" can be expressed by the sentence у меня есть друг
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meaning "have", but it is less commonly used than the former method.
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Wörter im
Grenzbereich von Lexikon und Grammatik im Serbokroatischen
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Existential clauses can be modified like other clauses in terms of
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Language
Universals and Linguistic Typology. Syntax and Morphology
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307:, literally "at me there is a friend". Russian has a verb иметь
172:(infinitive: there be), as in "There are boys in the yard", but
374:
Serbo-Croatian Words on the Border
Between Lexicon and Grammar
435:(PhD in Linguistics thesis). University of Hawaii at Manoa.
433:
Preverbal particles in
Pingelapese: A language of Micronesia
341:"two notebook-my (there) is" (for "I have two notebooks").
176:
is sometimes omitted when the sentence begins with another
155:("there is/are not"), used with the logical subject in the
18:"there is"/"there are"; a claim that something exists
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332:"(There) is a fish-my" (for "I have a fish") and
323:"(There) is (a) pen at me" (for "I have a pen”).
162:In English, existential clauses usually use the
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58:Copula (linguistics) § Existential usage
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166:construction (also known as expletive) with
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214:, literally "it is", "it are", "it gives".
499:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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483:200 Years of Syntax: A critical survey
130:is literally "In the yard has boys".
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453:See pp. 212–218 in Bernard, Comrie,
492:. New York & London: Garland.
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476:The Blackwell Companion to Syntax
457:. Oxford: Basil Blackwell (1981).
279:"to exist in large numbers", and
490:Existential Sentences in English
223:Indicating existence or presence
84:verb (the equivalent of English
518:Grammatical construction types
474:and R. Goedemans (eds.) 2006.
431:Hattori, Ryoko (August 2012).
291:In some languages, linguistic
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478:. London: Blackwell, London.
485:. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
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114:Det finns pojkar på gården
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31:existential quantification
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287:Indication of possession
314:Other examples include
241:interrogative inversion
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127:U dvorištu ima dječaka
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488:Milsark, G. L. 1979.
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261:Pingelapese language
305:u menya yest' drug
299:. For example, in
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23:existential clause
481:Graffi, G. 2001.
99:Pihalla on poikia
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472:H. van Riemsdijk
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275:"not to exist",
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255:Pingelapese
40:forms, see
507:Categories
441:1267150306
392:2005530313
352:References
293:possession
265:Micronesia
249:finiteness
56:See also:
46:as pronoun
325:Hungarian
178:adverbial
96:sentence
67:Frequency
52:Formation
437:ProQuest
408:2863539W
400:47905097
368:(2001).
245:modality
237:negation
513:Clauses
465:Sources
419:Summary
346:Maltese
334:Turkish
301:Russian
228:place.
211:es gibt
205:es sind
135:Russian
104:Swedish
94:Finnish
90:subject
88:), the
38:English
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281:daeri-
269:minae-
199:es ist
194:German
192:) and
188:il y a
182:French
108:finnas
82:copula
71:habere
27:clause
372:[
316:Irish
309:imet'
233:tense
184:(see
174:there
169:there
44:There
25:is a
396:OCLC
388:LCCN
378:ISBN
297:have
277:dir-
273:soh-
218:Uses
153:nyet
144:yest
140:есть
119:have
111:has
69:of
344:In
263:of
208:or
149:нет
73:in
21:An
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