45:
2103:
1084:. Regina is considered a regional franchise and also represents Saskatoon as well as the rest of the province of Saskatchewan. At least eight of these nine markets have hosted CFL teams every year since the league's officially listed inception in 1958, and no other Canadian market has ever had a CFL team of its own. The CFL has broadened its footprint through one-off games. Regular season games were held in Canada's
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In 2021, the NFL announced that they were planning on holding more regular season games outside of the United States in the near future, with Canada being one of the countries they were hoping to hold a game in, in addition to increasing the regular season schedule from 16 games to 17 games for each
1332:
American football is the member of the top four major league sports with the least international exposure. The NFL has attempted to promote its game worldwide by scheduling selected pre-season games since 1976 in Mexico, Europe, Australia, and Japan. The NFL had promoted the game abroad through
1250:
in
Vancouver — both venues have had experience hosting NFL preseason games in the past, with Montreal hosting games in 1988 and 1990 and Vancouver hosting one in 1998 — expressed a desire to host a regular season game down the road shortly after the announcement was made.
775:, the NHL's initial franchises in the Southern and Western United States were ultimately unsuccessful—teams in Oakland, Atlanta, Kansas City and Denver all relocated. From 1982 until 1991, the Kings were the only U.S.-based NHL franchise south of St. Louis and/or west of
705:
games. Early professional soccer activity was concentrated almost entirely on an East Coast corridor from
Baltimore to Boston, though a series of leagues located solely within the St. Louis metropolitan area also served as de facto major leagues for periods.
1421:
668:
was the main means of intercity transportation. As a result, virtually all major league teams were concentrated in the northeastern quarter of the United States, within roughly the radius of a day-long train ride. No MLB teams existed south or west of
1359:
in London every year since 2007. Preliminary talks to expand the NFL season with each team playing one game overseas was curtailed because the expansion was not approved in labor negotiations. The 2013 season was the first of four years in which the
801:
The NHL's national footprint is a relatively recent situation. Historically, the league was concentrated in the northeast, with no teams south of New York City or west of
Chicago from 1935 until 1967. The league expanded its footprint westward in a
852:
754:
teams. The San
Francisco franchise would be one of three AAFC teams admitted to the NFL after the AAFC's demise in 1949. Baseball would not extend west until 1958 in the move of both New York-based National League franchises, the
1387:
joining the
Jaguars in taking a home game to London. The league openly acknowledged "that all three franchises are dissatisfied with their current stadium situations", although it noted that the Falcons were preparing to build
709:
As travel and settlement patterns changed, so did the geography of professional sports. With the arguable exception of the western hockey teams which competed for the
Stanley Cup in the early 20th century and the independent
649:
Cities that no longer host major professional teams, but formerly hosted basketball (in red), football (in blue), hockey (in orange), or baseball teams (in yellow). Cities that hosted teams from multiple sports have a green
1136:, which, in a similar manner to the Green Bay Packers in the United States, was expected to boost attendance, but the Northern Kickoff was largely a failure, with fewer than 5,000 fans attending the regular-season game.)
1208:
967:
has been the dominant professional sports league in Canada, and was first established in Canada in 1917. Some US-based leagues, like MLB, MLS, and the NBA, have awarded franchises to
Canadian cities, though outside of
991:; by 1925, Hamilton and Quebec City no longer had NHL teams, while Ottawa would leave in 1934, by which point American teams were slowly being added. The first Canadian expansion team would come in 1970 with a team in
1043:
in the early 2010s, mainly because they collect most of their revenues in
Canadian dollars but pay their player salaries in U.S. dollars. As a result, the NHL returned to Winnipeg for the 2011–12 season, with the
35:
1120:
in
Halifax. The CFL is the only major league that has ever had a presence in the Maritimes; it suspended its maritime operations after 2013 because of declining attendance. In 2015, the CFL commenced
817:
over a three-year period between 1993 and 1995, all in medium-sized markets that lacked an NFL team at the time (of the six markets, three had other major league franchises at the time), and played
1224:
1052:. Since then, however, the Canadian dollar has weakened considerably against the U.S. dollar. There has been discussion of potential relocation to Quebec and, at least on a part-time basis, to
44:
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or suburban
Toronto, the league currently opposes those efforts and has actively blocked efforts to relocate teams to Hamilton. In addition to full-time teams, the NHL, through its
1445:
912:, joined the league in 1924, but American hockey clubs had existed before the NHL expanded into the United States. The first US-based club to compete for the Stanley Cup was the
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1300:(the forerunner of the NBA), but they only played in the league's inaugural 1946–47 season, folding during the 1947 offseason. The NBA returned to Toronto in 1995 when the
1100:, but the team could not secure a large enough stadium to field a CFL team, and the expansion was canceled. All of the regular-season Touchdown Atlantic games were held at
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are the oldest US-based franchise in the NHL, having played in the league since 1924. When the WHA and NHL merged, the NHL inherited teams in three Canadian cities,
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681:, and the NBA's 1946 launch spanned only from St. Louis to Boston. The NHL remained confined to six cities in the Northeast, Great Lakes and eastern Canada until
814:
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Some of the Big Four sports leagues have looked to expand their revenues by playing overseas games in attempt to develop a wider international fan base.
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1234:, canceled the Bills' Toronto games.) The league also has agreements with the CFL that date to the 1990s regarding the honoring of player contracts.
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1912:
1897:
1707:
1987:
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1223:, saw Toronto's corporate market as key to securing the franchise's future; the Bills have effectively maxed out their revenue potential in the
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of less than 70,000, by far the smallest market to host major professional football in the modern era. (Fort McMurray is in close proximity to
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played one home game at Wembley Stadium, and the league held a second game that did not involve the Jaguars at Wembley in 2013. Jaguars owner
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in Toronto. The Bills were drawing about 15,000 Canadian fans per game during the time the Toronto Series ran, and the Bills' then-owner,
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2007:
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The NFL is the only one of the major leagues to not have any teams based in any Canadian city; the closest teams to Canada are the
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football team of the 1930s and 1940s, there were no major league teams in the far west until after World War II. The first
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1271:, who began play in 1977, became the first team outside the United States to win the World Series in 1992 and 1993.
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became prominent, the major sports leagues have expanded or franchises have relocated to service these communities.
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In October 2013, the NFL announced that three games would be played at Wembley in the 2014 season, with the
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1011:) and Ottawa (via expansion) to go with the still-extant Toronto and Montreal teams. The distinctive place
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teams existed from coast to coast in all four sports, but rarely played outside of their home region for
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featuring four NBA teams and four Euroleague clubs, with the first competition taking place in 2006.
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in Mexico City between the San Francisco 49ers and Arizona Cardinals drew a crowd of over 103,000 to
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allowed these franchises to compete with teams in larger cities for some time. However, the teams in
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remain in their original city, or in Canada—the other two teams relocated to the U.S. in the 1990s. (
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In the 1950s and 1960s, selected NFL teams would travel north to Canada to play a CFL team in
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1348:(a 1994 crowd of over 112,000 at Azteca Stadium is the largest to attend a pre-season game).
1196:. The team’s signature 12th Man flag was also once raised in Vancouver and Victoria prior to
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part of its market; roughly 10 percent of the team’s season ticket holders are from the
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List of American and Canadian cities by number of major professional sports franchises
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1125:
1085:
1049:
953:
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685:, though in the 1910s and 1920s, teams from its predecessor league had contested the
383:
810:, avoided the South until making a major expansion into the territory in the 1990s.
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1645:"Montreal's Olympic Stadium expresses interest in hosting NFL games – Sportsnet.ca"
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In 2005, the NFL held its first regular-season game outside the United States. The
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was established in 1917 in Canada with four hockey clubs in three Canadian cities (
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Professional sports leagues as known today evolved during the decades between the
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1408:. In 2005, the two bodies agreed to organize a summer competition known as the
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who began play in 1969. In 2005, they moved to Washington, D.C. and became the
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The NHL was initially based entirely in eastern Canada, with teams in Toronto,
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to Los Angeles, while the NHL would not have a west coast presence until it
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were eventually moved to larger media markets in the U.S., respectively
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1004:
969:
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859: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1337:, but that league was never profitable and ceased operations in 2007.
742:, who became the only southern-based major league franchise, although
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in the future; while there have been efforts to bring an NHL team to
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promotion, hosts a preseason game in a select small town each year.
1035:. The NHL's Canadian teams benefited greatly from the rise of the
1745:
32:
expansion of major sports leagues in the United States and Canada
1879:
1596:"Bills owner addresses NFL owners about annual game in Toronto"
1217:
one regular-season game each year and sporadic pre-season games
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34:
has occurred throughout the twentieth century for all of the
1152:, whose stadium is located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from
1076:
has teams in all seven current NHL markets, in addition to
1483:
List of defunct and relocated National Hockey League teams
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and Quebec City (through absorption of WHA franchises),
1768:"Shahid Khan Buys Fulham Soccer Team For $ 300 Million"
1442:
List of relocated National Basketball Association teams
1281:, which was added in 2007; it was soon followed by the
1259:
The first Major League Baseball team in Canada was the
689:
at season's end with teams from western Canada and the
1446:
List of defunct National Basketball Association teams
1168:, which includes Toronto and Hamilton. Likewise, the
1466:
National Football League franchise moves and mergers
763:. The NBA would follow in 1960 with the move of the
2110:
1911:
1824:"NFL adds third London game in 2014 regular season"
1462:
List of defunct National Football League franchises
1160:part of their markets, with the Lions drawing from
1400:There has been increasing cooperation between the
27:Addition of teams to North American sports leagues
1906:Expansion of major sports leagues in the Americas
1850:"Euroleague, NBA announce 2006, 2007 tournaments"
2292:Professional sports leagues in the United States
1092:, from 2010 to 2013; the league had awarded the
18:Expansion of North American major sports leagues
1571:"Commissioner announces Toronto plan for Bills"
1200:, which was won by the Seahawks, defeating the
1180:of the province and three AM radio stations in
1048:relocating to become the newest version of the
1355:, holding at least one regular-season game at
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1238:of its member franchises. Representatives of
8:
2225:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
1096:in the early 1980s to an ownership group in
1898:
1884:
1876:
1621:"NFL eyes regular-season games for Canada"
948:. However, of these three teams, only the
932:took the Cup away from the Canadiens. The
1156:. Both border teams consider portions of
1110:preseason games have previously been held
875:Learn how and when to remove this message
1433:
1304:joined the league. That same year, the
1211:(as did the Bills, at the time in the
2297:Professional sports leagues in Canada
908:). The first American club, based in
819:occasional games in the United States
718:major-league franchise was the NFL's
7:
1822:Wesseling, Chris (October 8, 2013).
1547:"B.C. waves Seahawks' 12th Man Flag"
857:adding citations to reliable sources
1706:Lawrence, Dave (February 1, 2008).
1368:purchased London-based soccer club
972:most teams have been unsuccessful.
782:Since then, as newer, fast-growing
771:in 1967. With the exception of the
609:
213:
1794:Barnwell, Bill (August 30, 2013).
920:, who lost the 1916 series to the
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447:
357:
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51:
25:
1693:"NFL has game at Wembley Stadium"
1298:Basketball Association of America
1215:). From 2008–13 the Bills played
806:but, other than the unsuccessful
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36:major professional sports leagues
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1856:. June 14, 2005. Archived from
1766:Ozanian, Mike (July 13, 2013).
1128:, an oil sands boomtown with a
995:; the NHL later added teams in
844:needs additional citations for
746:had previously had short-lived
728:All-America Football Conference
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1602:. Associated Press. 2007-10-23
1577:. Associated Press. 2008-02-01
960:before moving north in 2011.)
673:, the NFL was confined to the
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1:
1296:were a charter member of the
1230:region. (Wilson's successor,
928:). The next year, the PCHA's
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1209:pre-season interleague games
726:in 1946. The same year, the
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954:Winnipeg's current NHL team
926:National Hockey Association
918:Pacific Coast Hockey League
813:The CFL had a total of six
664:and World War II, when the
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1511:American Association teams
815:teams in the United States
730:began play, with teams in
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2210:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2099:
1172:consider the province of
2230:Turks and Caicos Islands
1575:National Football League
1390:a new stadium in Atlanta
1213:American Football League
1074:Canadian Football League
956:was originally based in
821:in the 1950s and 1960s.
38:in those two countries.
1351:The NFL then began its
1320:International expansion
1225:economically struggling
1194:Seahawks’ radio network
1164:and the Bills from the
2145:British Virgin Islands
894:National Hockey League
2058:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1372:, at the time in the
1130:metro area population
1007:(via relocation from
930:Seattle Metropolitans
1712:NewOrleansSaints.com
1507:Federal League teams
1410:NBA Europe Live Tour
1362:Jacksonville Jaguars
1353:International Series
1265:Washington Nationals
1162:Southwestern Ontario
1114:Canada Games Stadium
1082:Regina, Saskatchewan
853:improve this article
744:Louisville, Kentucky
712:Los Angeles Bulldogs
646:class=notpageimage|
2235:U.S. Virgin Islands
2078:Trinidad and Tobago
1923:Antigua and Barbuda
1748:on December 2, 2008
1718:on February 7, 2008
1306:Vancouver Grizzlies
1287:Vancouver Whitecaps
1275:Major League Soccer
1039:to parity with its
1988:Dominican Republic
1523:"Seattle Seahawks"
1116:in Saint John and
1094:Atlantic Schooners
1090:Touchdown Atlantic
1086:maritime provinces
922:Montreal Canadiens
765:Minneapolis Lakers
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1860:on April 20, 2006
1828:Around the League
1450:List of ABA teams
1269:Toronto Blue Jays
1198:Super Bowl XLVIII
1088:, under the name
1078:Hamilton, Ontario
1062:Kraft Hockeyville
1046:Atlanta Thrashers
914:Portland Rosebuds
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722:, who moved from
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1308:began play, but
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1192:are part of the
1174:British Columbia
1170:Seattle Seahawks
1166:Golden Horseshoe
1158:Southern Ontario
1154:Windsor, Ontario
1122:Northern Kickoff
1041:U.S. counterpart
1017:Canadian culture
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1118:Huskies Stadium
1112:at the smaller
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1374:Premier League
1346:Azteca Stadium
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1261:Montreal Expos
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1202:Denver Broncos
1178:Lower Mainland
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808:Atlanta Flames
804:1967 expansion
786:areas such as
740:Miami Seahawks
703:regular season
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26:
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4:
3:
2:
2309:
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2270:South America
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2165:French Guiana
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2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
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2001:
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1396:Other leagues
1395:
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1277:'s first was
1276:
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1255:Other leagues
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1150:Detroit Lions
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1146:Buffalo Bills
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1126:Fort McMurray
1123:
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1050:Winnipeg Jets
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931:
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924:(then of the
923:
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842:This section
840:
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736:San Francisco
733:
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713:
707:
704:
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692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
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663:
656:United States
655:
647:
637:
619:
601:
583:
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529:
511:
493:
475:
457:
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421:
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367:
349:
331:
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259:
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187:
169:
151:
133:
115:
97:
79:
61:
46:
39:
37:
33:
19:
2268:
2220:Sint Maarten
2205:Saint Martin
2112:Dependencies
1862:. Retrieved
1858:the original
1853:
1844:
1832:. Retrieved
1827:
1817:
1805:. Retrieved
1799:
1789:
1777:. Retrieved
1771:
1761:
1750:. Retrieved
1746:the original
1741:
1732:
1720:. Retrieved
1716:the original
1711:
1701:
1687:
1676:. Retrieved
1672:
1663:
1652:. Retrieved
1648:
1639:
1628:. Retrieved
1624:
1615:
1604:. Retrieved
1599:
1590:
1579:. Retrieved
1574:
1565:
1554:. Retrieved
1551:vancouversun
1550:
1541:
1530:. Retrieved
1526:
1517:
1493:
1477:
1456:
1436:
1399:
1378:
1350:
1339:
1331:
1323:
1291:
1273:
1258:
1236:
1232:Terry Pegula
1221:Ralph Wilson
1206:
1143:
1071:
974:
962:
891:
871:
862:
851:Please help
846:verification
843:
812:
800:
781:
708:
695:minor league
659:
31:
29:
2190:Puerto Rico
2117:territories
2063:Saint Lucia
1998:El Salvador
1722:February 9,
1366:Shahid Khan
1025:Quebec City
989:Quebec City
946:Quebec City
865:August 2016
732:Los Angeles
693:. College,
687:Stanley Cup
675:Great Lakes
618:Cherry Hill
222:Quad Cities
2286:Categories
2185:Montserrat
2180:Martinique
2175:Guadeloupe
1973:Costa Rica
1834:October 8,
1807:August 30,
1779:October 8,
1752:2011-02-19
1738:"NFL News"
1678:2011-02-19
1669:"NFL News"
1654:2023-01-03
1630:2023-01-03
1606:2007-10-26
1581:2008-02-08
1556:2023-01-02
1532:2023-01-03
1428:References
1406:Euroleague
1335:NFL Europe
1279:Toronto FC
738:, and the
716:west coast
600:Birmingham
474:Pottsville
456:Portsmouth
366:Louisville
312:Evansville
114:Providence
60:Greensboro
2258:Caribbean
2170:Greenland
2093:Venezuela
2038:Nicaragua
2008:Guatemala
1928:Argentina
1913:Sovereign
1830:. NFL.com
1497:Based on
1487:WHA teams
1481:Based on
1460:Based on
1440:Based on
1316:in 2001.
1182:Vancouver
1054:Saskatoon
1015:holds in
993:Vancouver
724:Cleveland
679:Northeast
671:St. Louis
662:Civil War
582:Covington
546:Worcester
186:Rochester
132:Sheboygan
2125:Anguilla
2073:Suriname
2048:Paraguay
2023:Honduras
1983:Dominica
1968:Colombia
1938:Barbados
1600:ESPN.com
1503:AL teams
1499:NL teams
1416:See also
1404:and the
1248:BC Place
1244:Montreal
1186:Victoria
1134:Edmonton
1058:Hamilton
1021:Winnipeg
1001:Winnipeg
997:Edmonton
985:Hamilton
977:Montreal
942:Winnipeg
938:Edmonton
902:Montreal
752:football
748:baseball
677:and the
666:railroad
636:Richmond
492:Hamilton
330:Hartford
204:Ft Wayne
168:Syracuse
96:Waterloo
78:Anderson
2155:Curaçao
2140:Bonaire
2135:Bermuda
2088:Uruguay
2028:Jamaica
2003:Grenada
1993:Ecuador
1948:Bolivia
1933:Bahamas
1742:Nfl.com
1673:Nfl.com
1342:matchup
1314:Memphis
1302:Raptors
1246:and of
1190:Kelowna
1106:Moncton
1098:Halifax
1029:Phoenix
1009:Atlanta
1005:Calgary
970:Toronto
958:Atlanta
916:of the
898:Toronto
788:Phoenix
784:Sunbelt
699:amateur
650:marker.
564:Norfolk
438:Decatur
348:Kenosha
2043:Panama
2033:Mexico
2013:Guyana
1958:Canada
1953:Brazil
1943:Belize
1915:states
1864:May 7,
1773:Forbes
1509:, and
1448:, and
1370:Fulham
1267:. The
1080:, and
1033:Denver
1013:hockey
981:Ottawa
910:Boston
906:Ottawa
825:Canada
796:Dallas
794:, and
510:Quebec
420:Toledo
402:Racine
384:Muncie
294:Duluth
276:Dayton
258:Canton
2130:Aruba
2018:Haiti
1963:Chile
1310:moved
792:Tampa
240:Akron
150:Omaha
2195:Saba
2115:and
2053:Peru
1978:Cuba
1866:2006
1836:2013
1809:2013
1781:2013
1724:2008
1485:and
1464:and
1383:and
1292:The
1285:and
1188:and
1072:The
1031:and
1023:and
987:and
963:The
944:and
904:and
892:The
759:and
750:and
734:and
697:and
683:1967
528:Troy
30:The
1402:NBA
1328:NFL
1312:to
1242:in
1140:NFL
1104:in
1068:CFL
965:NHL
888:NHL
855:by
2288::
1852:.
1826:.
1798:.
1770:.
1740:.
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1671:.
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1623:.
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1755:.
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1681:.
1657:.
1633:.
1609:.
1584:.
1559:.
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878:)
872:(
867:)
863:(
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20:)
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