336:) and the people welcome Ezio, who is returning in triumph, having defeated Attila and saved the empire. Ezio greets his sweetheart Fulvia, daughter of Massimo, who although close to the Emperor has never forgiven him for trying to seduce his wife and thirsts for vengeance. Massimo tells Ezio that in the latter's absence the Emperor has fallen in love with Fulvia and now insists on marrying her himself. The only way to prevent this, according to Massimo, is to assassinate the Emperor, but Ezio refuses to have anything to do with such a plot. Alone with his daughter, Massimo tells her that if Ezio will not kill the Emperor, she must first marry and then kill him. Fulvia rejects this idea with horror. Massimo decides that since neither Ezio nor Fulvia will kill Valentiniano, he will send one of his henchmen to do it.
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enters with Ezio, to general astonishment. Valentiniano can see now that Fulvia and Ezio really love each other and that he was wrong to try to part them. They will marry, and
Valentiniano agrees to Ezio's entreaty for him to pardon the repentant Massimo. All celebrate the fortunate outcome of events.
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Valentiniano is growing somewhat jealous of Ezio's fame and glory, but offers Ezio the honour of his sister's hand in marriage. Ezio replies that he cannot marry Onoria as he is in love with Fulvia. Valentiniano announces that he is in love with Fulvia himself, but Ezio doesn't care. The
Emperor says
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of an organisation called the Royal
Academy of Music (unconnected with the present day London conservatoire), a company under royal charter to produce Italian operas in London. Handel was not only to compose operas for the company but hire the star singers, supervise the orchestra and musicians, and
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Varo announces that Ezio has been executed on the
Emperor's orders (but this is not really the case). Onoria brings the news that Massimo's henchman Emilio with his dying breath insisted that he was not acting on Ezio's orders. In order to save her father from suspicion Fulvia announces that she is
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Fulvia thinks perhaps the best thing will be for her to pretend to accept the
Emperor in marriage, and that way she will be able to rescue Ezio. The Emperor has Ezio brought to him with Fulvia by his side as his betrothed. At first Fulvia tells Ezio that yes, she has agreed to marry the Emperor but
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was performed just five times in Handel's lifetime, one contemporary noting of it that it was "a New Opera, Clothes & all ye Scenes New - but did not draw much
Company" (at that time scenery and costumes were often drawn from stock, entirely new costumes and scenes were an added attraction.)
388:
Massimo, at the
Capitol, is trying to instigate a popular revolt against the Emperor, who appears, alone and in despair at Fulvia's supposed betrayal. Massimo attempts to kill the Emperor, but Fulvia suddenly rushes in and throws herself between her father and Valentiniano, saving his life. Varo
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Outside the palace that night, Massimo waits to hear whether his henchman Emilio has succeeded in killing the
Emperor. Fulvia enters with the news that someone tried to kill Valentiniano, but was unsuccessful. Emilio has been arrested, but Valentiniano believes him to have been acting on Ezio's
477:. Many of the long passages of recitative in the Metastasio original were cut in Handel's version, London audiences preferring to move more swiftly from one aria to the next. Unlike most of Handel's operas, there are no duets or other ensembles in the piece at all, only recitatives and arias.
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Onoria visits Ezio in the prison with an offer from the
Emperor. If Ezio did not plot to kill Valentiniano, let him say who did and he will be released. Ezio refuses to betray others in this way, but Onoria begs him for her sake, as she loves him, to save his own life.
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The Royal
Academy of Music collapsed at the end of the 1728 - 29 season, partly due to the huge fees paid to the star singers. A bitter rivalry had developed between the supporters of the two prima donnas who had appeared in Handel's last few operas,
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459:, Handel added to his ensemble of singers the tenor Giovanni Battista Pinacci, his wife alto Anna Bagnolesi, and the renowned bass Antonio Montagnana, the latter beginning a long association with Handel and creating many roles in Handel's works.
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of 1728 and bringing Italian opera of the kind Handel composed into a certain amount of ridicule and disrepute. At the end of the 1729 season, both ladies left London for engagements in continental Europe. Handel went into partnership with
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Fulvia knows her father is lying about Ezio plotting to kill the Emperor but cannot bring herself to denounce her father as a traitor. She tries to convince Ezio to flee, but he refuses such a cowardly course. Ezio is arrested.
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Onoria repeats this conversation to Valentiniano and advises the Emperor to have Fulvia advise Ezio to reveal what he knows about the plot to kill Valentiniano. However Ezio remains silent even so and is taken away.
79:'s setting for 26 December 1728 with his own version (of a slightly edited copy of the libretto) for Venice on 20 November, a month earlier. The libretto continued to be set and reset for another 50 years, including
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has stated that the failure of the opera related to the artistic incompatibility between the "classical" nature of the libretto and the more "romantic" nature of the music. As with all Baroque opera seria,
437:, culminating in June 1727 with a brawl in the audience while the two prima donnas onstage stopped singing, traded insults and pulled each other's hair, to enormous public scandal satirized in the popular
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The German-born Handel, after spending some of his early career composing operas and other pieces in Italy, settled in London, where in 1711 he had brought Italian opera for the first time with his opera
118:, London on 15 January 1732. It received a total of only 5 performances before falling from the repertoire, in what turned out to be Handel's greatest operatic failure. It was revived in
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In the palace, Valentiniano's sister Onoria interrogates Varo, captain of the Guards, about Ezio. It becomes clear that she also is in love with the victorious hero.
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in 1926 and became extremely popular in the former East Germany, receiving more than 350 performances in at least 23 different revivals to 1983. In London,
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created a craze in London for Italian opera seria, a form focused overwhelmingly on solo arias for the star virtuoso singers. In 1719, Handel was appointed
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the one who was behind the assassination plot. Valentiniano is bitter - everyone around him seems to be his enemy with no one he can trust.
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159:. The performance, staged by Günter Krämer, with Yosemeh Adjei singing Ezio, was also broadcast on the German television network
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is the last of three operas Handel composed to texts by the most famous librettist of the day, Metastasio, the other two being
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did not receive another performance after the five in Handel's lifetime until 1977, by the Handel Opera Society at
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664:"Con che soavità : studies in Italian opera, song, and dance, 1580–1740", Iain Fenlon, Tim Carter, Nigel Fortune
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The opera is scored for two recorders, two flutes, two oboes, two bassoons, trumpet, two horns, strings and
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The story of the opera is a fictionalisation of events in the life of the fifth-century AD Roman general
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finally has to admit it is a pretense, she still loves Ezio. Valentiniano has Ezio thrown into prison.
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was staged by the London Handel Festival in 2005, and in May 2009 it was performed at the
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went unperformed for many years, but with the revival of interest in Baroque music and
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71:. The same libretto had already been set by many other composers, first of all
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The second of the two volume definitive reference on the operas of Handel
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Dean, W. & J.M. Knapp (1995) Handel's operas 1704-1726, p. 298.
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This article is about the opera by Handel. For other uses, see
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Strohm, Reinhard, "Handel, Metastasio, Racine: The Case of
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Essays on Handel and Italian opera by Reinhard Strohm
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orders, in which belief he is encouraged by Massimo.
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who managed to preempt the official Rome premiere of
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Caricature of Senesino, who created the role of Ezio
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Agrippina condotta a morire or Dunque sarĂ pur vero
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343:he will marry Fulvia the next day, to Ezio's fury.
102:(Ezio in Italian), returned from his victory over
425:adapt operas from Italy for London performance.
114:The opera received its first performance at the
63:. Metastasio's libretto was partly inspired by
332:In the Roman forum, the emperor Valentiniano (
1061:
736:"Handel's Ezio at the London Handel Festival"
8:
493:is "one of Handel's finest serious operas."
91:is considered one of the purest examples of
880:The Gilded Stage: A Social History of Opera
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455:For the opera season of 1732, opening with
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355:Flavius Aetius, called "Ezio" in the opera
16:1732 opera seria by George Frideric Handel
1015:International Music Score Library Project
141:historically informed musical performance
857:"Programme Notes for "The Rival Queens""
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1594:L'Allegro, il Penseroso ed il Moderato
2482:Cultural depictions of Flavius Aetius
1530:Il trionfo del Tempo e del Disinganno
785:. Handel House Museum. Archived from
181:Roles, voice types, and premiere cast
95:with its absence of vocal ensembles.
7:
2452:Operas based on works by Jean Racine
2401:
929:"Handel And The Battle Of The Divas"
761:Schwetzingen Festival 2009 programme
486:attended every performance but one.
2268:Keyboard suite in D minor (HWV 437)
1534:Il trionfo del Tempo e della VeritĂ
1759:Ode for the Birthday of Queen Anne
686:. Handel Institute. Archived from
489:To music historian David Vickers,
401:The King's Theatre, London, where
14:
1924:Funeral Anthem for Queen Caroline
817:Strohm, Reinhard (20 June 1985).
2457:Operas by George Frideric Handel
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1945:Wedding anthem for Princess Anne
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300:Prefect of the Praetorian Guard
2366:Handel & Hendrix in London
193:Premiere cast, 15 January 1732
1:
2039:Music for the Royal Fireworks
1538:The Triumph of Time and Truth
2442:Works set in the 5th century
1970:Utrecht Te Deum and Jubilate
1854:Tra le fiamme (Il consiglio)
1109:Handel's lost Hamburg operas
763:. Accessed 24 September 2009
500:(cello, lute, harpsichord).
216:Francesco Bernardi, called "
2447:Fiction set in ancient Rome
568:Manhattan Chamber Orchestra
153:Schlosstheater Schwetzingen
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984:Handel's Operas, 1726–1741
323:Scene: Rome, about 451 AD.
293:Giovanni Battista Pinacci
18:
2384:
2284:Handel Reference Database
2262:The Harmonious Blacksmith
1952:Foundling Hospital Anthem
1840:O lucenti, o sereni occhi
1773:Ode For St. Cecilia's Day
1083:
405:had its first performance
2299:Hallische Händel-Ausgabe
2289:Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis
2277:Catalogs and collections
878:Snowman, Daniel (2010).
680:"List of Handel's works"
416:. A tremendous success,
2472:Italian-language operas
1798:Allor ch'io dissi addio
1752:Aci, Galatea e Polifemo
1657:Joseph and his Brethren
2224:Concerti grossi, Op. 6
2219:Concerti grossi, Op. 3
2214:Organ concertos, Op. 7
2209:Organ concertos, Op. 4
1984:Queen Caroline Te Deum
1727:The Choice of Hercules
1077:George Frideric Handel
406:
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163:on 19 September 2009.
128:Sadler's Wells Theatre
53:George Frideric Handel
35:
33:George Frideric Handel
1812:Clori, Tirsi e Fileno
903:Dean, Winton (1997).
400:
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157:Schwetzingen Festival
31:
21:Ezio (disambiguation)
2346:Letters and writings
1819:Dalla guerra amorosa
1480:Va tacito e nascosto
1473:Svegliatevi nel core
1093:List of compositions
1040:Friedrich Chrysander
951:"Recordings of Ezio"
905:The New Grove Handel
711:, "Music in London:
655:(1617): pp. 901–903.
611:Il Complesso Barocco
564:Richard Auldon Clark
446:John James Heidegger
393:Context and analysis
2341:British citizenship
2294:Händel-Gesellschaft
2018:Oboe Concerto No. 2
2013:Oboe Concerto No. 1
2008:Oboe Concerto No. 3
1678:Occasional Oratorio
1459:Lascia ch'io pianga
789:on 13 November 2014
645:" (November 1977).
526:Valentiniano,Onoria
515:
183:
110:Performance history
1871:Latin church music
1861:Un'alma innamorata
1826:Del bell'idolo mio
1805:Aure soavi e lieti
1025:2011-07-16 at the
882:. Atlantic Books.
859:. Hyperion Records
779:"Synopsis of Ezio"
725:(1619): pp. 59–64.
599:Marianne Andersen,
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440:The Beggar's Opera
407:
357:
310:Antonio Montagnana
276:Francesca Bertolli
179:
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2356:Handel at Cannons
2027:Orchestral suites
1977:Dettingen Te Deum
1910:As Pants the Hart
1766:Alexander's Feast
1413:Alessandro Severo
1350:Parnasso in festa
1020:Complete libretto
986:, Boydell Press,
718:The Musical Times
648:The Musical Times
621:
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560:Nathaniel Watson
554:Raymond Pellerin,
431:Francesca Cuzzoni
315:
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237:Anna Maria Strada
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2334:Related articles
1991:Chandos Jubilate
1917:Zadok the Priest
1744:Odes and masques
1685:Judas Maccabaeus
1490:Incidental music
1343:Arianna in Creta
1294:Lotario (Handel)
1189:Acis and Galatea
1182:Amadigi di Gaula
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907:. W. W. Norton.
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1088:List of operas
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2361:Handel House
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1989:
1982:
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1968:
1950:
1943:
1936:
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1893:Salve Regina
1888:Nisi Dominus
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1466:Ombra mai fu
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1029:(in Italian)
1008:
983:
980:Dean, Winton
972:
971:
958:. Retrieved
954:
945:
933:. Retrieved
931:. Classic FM
923:
904:
898:
879:
873:
861:. Retrieved
850:
842:Google Books
840:– via
834:. Retrieved
819:
812:
803:
791:. Retrieved
787:the original
782:
756:
744:. Retrieved
739:
730:
722:
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712:
709:Dean, Winton
704:
692:. Retrieved
688:the original
684:Gfhandel.org
683:
660:
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628:
627:
601:Ancio Zorzi,
524:Ezio,Fulvia
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245:Valentiniano
226:
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88:
82:
68:
39:
38:
37:
25:
2462:Opera seria
2437:1732 operas
2072:Fitzwilliam
2034:Water Music
1628:Der Messias
607:Alan Curtis
595:Sonia Prina
576:Cat:2 7503
513:discography
450:Anna Strada
190:Voice type
132:Winton Dean
93:opera seria
87:. Handel's
69:Britannicus
65:Jean Racine
49:opera seria
43:("Aetius",
2431:Categories
1671:Belshazzar
1259:Alessandro
1210:Floridante
836:2 February
624:References
533:orchestra
531:Conductor,
504:Recordings
272:contralto
268:his sister
61:Metastasio
47:29) is an
2315:Göttingen
2308:Festivals
2241:Germanico
1962:Canticles
1607:Structure
1522:Oratorios
1406:Faramondo
1364:Ariodante
1301:Partenope
1245:Rodelinda
1238:Tamerlano
1196:Radamisto
1142:Agrippina
1033:Score of
615:DG Archiv
282:Massimo,
254:contralto
227:his lover
120:Göttingen
2395:Category
1783:Cantatas
1720:Theodora
1664:Hercules
1622:Part III
1441:Deidamia
1399:Berenice
1392:Giustino
1378:Atalanta
1252:Scipione
1114:Florindo
1023:Archived
1011:, HWV 29
982:(2006),
498:continuo
318:Synopsis
225:Fulvia,
218:Senesino
212:castrato
85:by Gluck
67:'s play
57:libretto
2406:Commons
2059:sonatas
2057:XV solo
1902:Anthems
1734:Jephtha
1713:Solomon
1706:Susanna
1617:Part II
1601:Messiah
1573:Athalia
1566:Deborah
1512:Alceste
1385:Arminio
1336:Orlando
1322:Sosarme
1287:Tolomeo
1149:Rinaldo
1135:Rodrigo
973:Sources
418:Rinaldo
413:Rinaldo
239:del Pò
232:soprano
2467:Operas
2325:London
2255:Gideon
1883:Gloria
1692:Joshua
1650:Semele
1643:Samson
1612:Part I
1559:Esther
1434:Imeneo
1371:Alcina
1357:Oreste
1329:Catone
1266:Admeto
1224:Flavio
1217:Ottone
1128:Almira
1120:Daphne
1102:Operas
990:
960:5 July
935:4 June
911:
886:
863:3 June
827:
793:5 July
746:5 July
694:5 July
536:Label
298:Varo,
264:Onoria
104:Attila
2416:Audio
2320:Halle
2248:Nabal
2233:Other
2049:Flute
1505:Comus
1420:Serse
1280:Siroe
1175:Silla
1168:Teseo
1038:(ed.
629:Notes
541:1995
522:Cast:
519:Year
468:Siroe
372:Act 3
347:Act 2
328:Act 1
289:tenor
187:Role
167:Roles
55:to a
2351:Will
2202:Opus
2138:367b
2133:367a
2118:364b
2113:364a
2108:363b
2103:363a
2083:359b
2078:359a
2055:and
2053:solo
1580:Saul
1315:Ezio
1308:Poro
1035:Ezio
1009:Ezio
988:ISBN
962:2014
937:2014
909:ISBN
884:ISBN
865:2014
838:2013
825:ISBN
795:2014
748:2014
713:Ezio
696:2014
643:Ezio
581:2008
511:Ezio
491:Ezio
479:Ezio
474:Poro
471:and
463:Ezio
457:Ezio
433:and
403:Ezio
305:bass
209:alto
200:Ezio
161:3sat
149:Ezio
145:Ezio
137:Ezio
124:Ezio
89:Ezio
83:Ezio
40:Ezio
2193:379
2188:378
2183:376
2178:375
2173:374
2168:373
2163:372
2158:371
2153:370
2148:369
2143:368
2128:366
2123:365
2098:362
2093:361
2088:360
2066:358
723:119
653:118
573:VOX
59:by
51:by
45:HWV
2433::
2051:,
1117:,
953:.
781:.
768:^
738:.
721:,
682:.
669:^
651:,
452:.
266:,
247:,
220:"
202:,
130:.
106:.
2074:"
2070:"
1482:"
1478:"
1475:"
1471:"
1468:"
1464:"
1461:"
1457:"
1123:)
1111:(
1069:e
1062:t
1055:v
964:.
939:.
917:.
892:.
867:.
844:.
797:.
750:.
698:.
597:,
592:,
587:,
552:,
547:,
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
