1110:. Sphingomyelin is a lipid constituent of cell membrane, and a dietary component being particularly abundant in milk, cheese, egg, and meat. Digestion of sphingomyelin mainly occurs in the middle part of the small intestine, where ENPP7 is abundant, indicating a role of the enzyme in sphingomyelin digestion. Recent studies on ENPP7 knockout mice clearly showed that digestion of sphingomyelin and generation of ceramide is severely affected in ENPP7 deficiency mice. ENPP7 is fully developed in the intestine before birth, which gives the infant ability to digest sphingomyelin in the milk.
242:
219:
116:
141:
1179:. Cholesterol absorption can be inhibited by supplementation of sphingomyelin in the diet. Milk sphingomyelin seems more potent than egg sphingomyelin, indicating that the inhibition is related to the degree of the saturation and the length of sphingomyelin. Recent studies further showed that formation of ceramide by ENPP7 in the gut enhanced sphingomyelin-induced inhibition of cholesterol, indicating regulatory roles of ENPP7 in cholesterol absorption.
248:
147:
4322:
1114:
phospholipids, fat and high concentrations of bile salts. It is thus understandable why SM digestion occurs most effectively in the low part of the small intestine, where most fat, phospholipids, and bile salt have been absorbed or up taken. It is also understandable that considerable amount of dietary sphingomyelin is delivered into the colon and excreted in the feces.
1129:. Animal studies showed that supplement of SM or ceramide in the diet may inhibit the development of colon cancer. Of particular interest is that the activity of ENPP7 is significantly decreased in human colorectal adenoma and carcinoma as well as in the feces of the cancer patients. The decrease is caused by expression of a few mutant forms of ENPP7, which lack
1011:
was created based on the results of cloning studies which show that alk-SMase shares no structural similarities with either acid or neutral SMase but belongs to the family of ecto nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (ENPP). As a new addition to the family it is therefore called ENPP7 or NPP7. A 3D
1010:
in the intestinal tract. The enzyme was then purified and characterized by Duan et al. and named alkaline sphingomyelinase (alk-SMase), as the optimal pH of the enzyme was 9.0 and its main substrate is sphingomyelin. Most previous studies used the name of alk-SMase for this protein. The name of ENPP7
1070:
have no stimulatory effects rather inhibitory effects, indicating a biologic interaction between bile salts and the enzyme. Unlike acid and neutral SMases in the intestinal tract that are rapidly inactivated by pancreatic trypsin, alk-SMase is resistant to trypsin digestion. Thus ENPP7 is active in
1113:
The daily intake of sphingomyelin for human with
Western diet is about 300 mg. Under physiological conditions, only part of the sphingomyelin can be digested and absorbed. The limitation is thought to be caused by several factors that are present in the intestine such as cholesterol,
1187:
The expression of ENPP7 can be modified by dietary factors. High fat diet (53% energy) greatly reduces ENPP7 activities and enzyme protein in the intestinal mucosa by 50%. On the other hand, water-soluble fiber
1630:
Duan RD, Cheng Y, Tauschel HD, Nilsson A (January 1998). "Effects of ursodeoxycholate and other bile salts on levels of rat intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase: a potential implication in tumorigenesis".
2389:
Andersson D, Kotarsky K, Wu J, Agace W, Duan RD (July 2009). "Expression of alkaline sphingomyelinase in yeast cells and anti-inflammatory effects of the expressed enzyme in a rat colitis model".
2940:"Identification of one exon deletion of intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase in colon cancer HT-29 cells and a differentiation-related expression of the wild-type enzyme in Caco-2 cells"
2301:"Identification of one exon deletion of intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase in colon cancer HT-29 cells and a differentiation-related expression of the wild-type enzyme in Caco-2 cells"
1192:
was shown to increase both the activities and protein of ENPP7 in the colon of mice. Sphingomyelin can also increase the levels of ENPP7 after a long term of administration. Besides,
1677:
Wu J, Liu F, Nilsson A, Duan RD (November 2004). "Pancreatic trypsin cleaves intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase from mucosa and enhances the sphingomyelinase activity".
255:
154:
2648:
Zhang P, Li B, Gao S, Duan RD (2008). "Dietary sphingomyelin inhibits colonic tumorigenesis with an up-regulation of alkaline sphingomyelinase expression in ICR mice".
2123:
Hertervig E, Nilsson A, Nilbert M, Duan RD (July 2003). "Reduction in alkaline sphingomyelinase in colorectal tumorigenesis is not related to the APC gene mutation".
1971:
Liu JJ, Nilsson A, Duan RD (April 2000). "Effects of phospholipids on sphingomyelin hydrolysis induced by intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase: an in vitro study".
2862:"The Secreted Protein Discovery Initiative (SPDI), a Large-Scale Effort to Identify Novel Human Secreted and Transmembrane Proteins: A Bioinformatics Assessment"
2559:"Generating Ceramide from Sphingomyelin by Alkaline Sphingomyelinase in the Gut Enhances Sphingomyelin-Induced Inhibition of Cholesterol Uptake in Caco-2 Cells"
709:
690:
77:
1789:
Duan RD (July 1998). "Sphingomyelin hydrolysis in the gut and clinical implications in colorectal tumorigenesis and other gastrointestinal diseases".
1946:
Nilsson A, Hertervig E, Duan RD (2003). "Digestion and absorption of sphingolipids in food". In Willem van
Nieuwenhuyzen, Bernard F. Szuchaj (eds.).
1595:
Duan RD, Nyberg L, Nilsson A (October 1995). "Alkaline sphingomyelinase activity in rat gastrointestinal tract: distribution and characteristics".
3396:
1508:
Duan J, Wu J, Cheng Y, Duan RD (October 2010). "Understanding the molecular activity of alkaline sphingomyelinase (NPP7) by computer modeling".
3643:
2211:"Detection of alkaline sphingomyelinase activity in human stool: proposed role as a new diagnostic and prognostic marker of colorectal cancer"
1276:
1258:
4342:
2166:
Hertervig E, Nilsson A, Nyberg L, Duan RD (February 1997). "Alkaline sphingomyelinase activity is decreased in human colorectal carcinoma".
3557:
2209:
Di Marzio L, Di Leo A, Cinque B, Fanini D, Agnifili A, Berloco P, Linsalata M, Lorusso D, Barone M, De Simone C, Cifone MG (April 2005).
1903:
Lillienau J, Cheng Y, Nilsson A, Duan RD (May 2003). "Development of intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase in rat fetus and newborn rat".
241:
3658:
3652:
3453:
3203:
2179:
1299:"Identification of human intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase as a novel ecto-enzyme related to the nucleotide phosphodiesterase family"
916:
3501:
909:
1828:
218:
4041:
3612:
3401:
1955:
1338:
2609:"Psyllium and fat in diets differentially affect the activities and expressions of colonic sphingomyelinases and caspase in mice"
3104:"Cloning of alkaline sphingomyelinase from rat intestinal mucosa and adjusting of the hypothetical protein XP_221184 in GenBank"
2518:"Milk sphingomyelin is more effective than egg sphingomyelin in inhibiting intestinal absorption of cholesterol and fat in rats"
1471:"Cloning of alkaline sphingomyelinase from rat intestinal mucosa and adjusting of the hypothetical protein XP_221184 in GenBank"
3719:
3607:
1245:
1224:
1164:
999:
3528:
3438:
3391:
1059:
140:
115:
4197:
2717:
Soo I, Madsen KL, Tejpar Q, Sydora BC, Sherbaniuk R, Cinque B, Di Marzio L, Cifone MG, Desimone C, Fedorak RN (March 2008).
1864:"Human meconium contains significant amounts of alkaline sphingomyelinase, neutral ceramidase, and sphingolipid metabolites"
1241:
3950:
3891:
3140:"Intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase hydrolyses and inactivates platelet-activating factor by a phospholipase C activity"
2342:"Intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase hydrolyses and inactivates platelet-activating factor by a phospholipase C activity"
4312:
1220:
3995:
3562:
3552:
1024:
57:
3955:
3847:
3472:
2481:
Nyberg L, Duan RD, Nilsson A (May 2000). "A mutual inhibitory effect on absorption of sphingomyelin and cholesterol".
1352:
Nilsson A (March 1969). "The presence of sphingomyelin- and ceramide-cleaving enzymes in the small intestinal tract".
254:
153:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3449:
3282:
1141:
1055:
4182:
247:
146:
4298:
4285:
4272:
4259:
4246:
4233:
4220:
3803:
3749:
3709:
3668:
3572:
3411:
3379:
3265:
3229:
1125:, the product of sphingomyelin hydrolysis, can inhibit cell proliferation and stimulate cell differentiation and
4192:
2677:"Ursodeoxycholic acid differentially affects three types of sphingomyelinase in human colon cancer Caco 2 cells"
2252:"Identification of aberrant forms of alkaline sphingomyelinase (NPP7) associated with human liver tumorigenesis"
4146:
4089:
3457:
3306:
3220:
1152:
in an animal study, and patients with chronic ulcerative colitis are associated with a reduced ENPP7 activity.
998:
ENPP7 is a new name for an old enzyme whose activity was originally identified in 1969 by
Nilsson as a type of
754:
65:
1039:. As an ecto enzyme, ENPP7 is located on the surface of the intestinal mucosa and is released in the lumen by
3061:"The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)"
4094:
3326:
3196:
1015:
of ENPP7 was recently constructed using the crystal structural of an NPP member in bacteria as a template.
735:
3882:
3521:
4115:
4034:
3817:
3714:
3506:
3467:
3331:
3253:
1087:
1027:
in many species and additionally in human liver. In the intestinal tract, ENPP7 activity is low in the
129:
4187:
4000:
3835:
3830:
3763:
3423:
3248:
3018:"Functional studies of human intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase by deglycosylation and mutagenesis"
2785:
1193:
44:
1754:
Stefan C, Jansen S, Bollen M (October 2005). "NPP-type ectophosphodiesterases: unity in diversity".
4151:
3855:
3825:
3629:
3624:
3548:
3484:
3270:
2719:"VSL#3 probiotic upregulates intestinal mucosal alkaline sphingomyelinase and reduces inflammation"
1176:
1075:
and is transported along the intestinal tract. Significant activity can be detected in the faeces.
847:
843:
1133:
4, resulting in total inactivation of the enzyme, as found in human colon and liver cancer cells.
4084:
3988:
3840:
3321:
3311:
3189:
2586:
2463:
2414:
2191:
2148:
1928:
1862:
Duan RD, Cheng Y, Jönsson BA, Ohlsson L, Herbst A, Hellström-Westas L, Nilsson A (January 2007).
1656:
1149:
89:
2774:"Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences"
1848:
873:
822:
1297:
Duan RD, Bergman T, Xu N, Wu J, Cheng Y, Duan J, Nelander S, Palmberg C, Nilsson A (Sep 2003).
4347:
3789:
3734:
3702:
3577:
3296:
3169:
3126:
3090:
3047:
3004:
2961:
2926:
2891:
2848:
2813:
2750:
2699:
2657:
2630:
2578:
2539:
2498:
2455:
2434:"Chronic colitis is associated with a reduction of mucosal alkaline sphingomyelinase activity"
2406:
2371:
2322:
2281:
2232:
2183:
2140:
2105:
2064:
2023:
1988:
1951:
1920:
1885:
1806:
1771:
1736:
1694:
1648:
1612:
1574:
1525:
1490:
1451:
1410:
1369:
1320:
1047:. The enzyme expressed in human liver is released in the bile and delivered to the intestine.
1012:
37:
2006:
Nilsson A (December 1968). "Metabolism of sphingomyelin in the intestinal tract of the rat".
4130:
4125:
4099:
4027:
3865:
3445:
3350:
3345:
3301:
3159:
3151:
3118:
3080:
3072:
3037:
3029:
2994:
2986:
2951:
2916:
2881:
2873:
2838:
2803:
2793:
2740:
2730:
2691:
2620:
2570:
2529:
2490:
2445:
2398:
2361:
2353:
2312:
2271:
2263:
2222:
2175:
2132:
2095:
2054:
2015:
1980:
1912:
1875:
1840:
1798:
1763:
1728:
1686:
1640:
1604:
1564:
1556:
1517:
1482:
1441:
1400:
1389:"Purification, characterization, and expression of rat intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase"
1361:
1310:
1145:
1051:
334:
265:
209:
164:
3103:
2041:
Ohlsson L, Hertervig E, Jönsson BA, Duan RD, Nyberg L, Svernlöv R, Nilsson A (March 2010).
1428:
Duan RD, Cheng Y, Hansen G, Hertervig E, Liu JJ, Syk I, Sjostrom H, Nilsson A (June 2003).
85:
4177:
4161:
4074:
3967:
3781:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3600:
3595:
3355:
3233:
2827:"Purification, localization, and expression of human intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase"
2676:
1430:"Purification, localization, and expression of human intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase"
1091:
1072:
1063:
1032:
309:
2789:
2432:
Sjöqvist U, Hertervig E, Nilsson A, Duan RD, Ost A, Tribukait B, Löfberg R (July 2002).
4326:
4215:
4156:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3316:
3291:
3287:
3260:
3243:
3164:
3139:
3042:
3017:
2999:
2975:"Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites"
2974:
2745:
2718:
2366:
2341:
2276:
2251:
2084:"Dietary sphingomyelin inhibits 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in CF1 mice"
1880:
1863:
1569:
1544:
3085:
3060:
2886:
2861:
2808:
2773:
2494:
1984:
1844:
1405:
1388:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
537:
532:
527:
522:
4336:
4120:
4079:
3681:
3590:
3340:
2450:
2433:
2019:
1608:
1365:
1160:
1137:
1118:
1107:
1095:
1003:
504:
48:, ALK-SMase, E-NPP 7, NPP-7, NPP7, ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7
2467:
2418:
2340:
Wu J, Nilsson A, Jönsson BA, Stenstad H, Agace W, Cheng Y, Duan RD (February 2006).
2250:
Cheng Y, Wu J, Hertervig E, Lindgren S, Duan D, Nilsson A, Duan RD (November 2007).
2195:
2043:"Sphingolipids in human ileostomy content after meals containing milk sphingomyelin"
1159:
absorption. In the intestinal tract cholesterol and sphingomyelin are co-exiting in
69:
4069:
3808:
3739:
3462:
3383:
2590:
2152:
1932:
1660:
1083:
1067:
327:
106:
2227:
2210:
1829:"Localization and capacity of sphingomyelin digestion in the rat intestinal tract"
3122:
2695:
1732:
1486:
93:
4293:
4228:
4064:
3983:
3754:
3648:
3511:
3477:
3415:
3181:
1281:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1263:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1156:
4321:
2843:
2826:
1767:
1446:
1429:
1148:
effects. Rectal administration of recombinant ENPP7 has been shown to improve
1050:
The activity of ENPP7 depends specifically on two types of primary bile salts,
410:
3960:
2574:
2402:
2136:
1916:
1802:
1644:
1079:
226:
123:
73:
2534:
2517:
1690:
4267:
4241:
3873:
3672:
3585:
3212:
2956:
2939:
2905:"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs"
2317:
2300:
2059:
2042:
1543:
Suresh PS, Olubiyi O, Thirunavukkarasu C, Strodel B, Kumar MS (March 2011).
1197:
1126:
1040:
654:
462:
348:
293:
280:
192:
179:
81:
3173:
3130:
3094:
3051:
3008:
2965:
2930:
2895:
2852:
2817:
2798:
2754:
2703:
2661:
2634:
2582:
2543:
2502:
2459:
2410:
2375:
2326:
2285:
2267:
2236:
2180:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970201)79:3<448::AID-CNCR4>3.0.CO;2-E
2144:
2100:
2083:
2068:
1992:
1924:
1889:
1775:
1740:
1698:
1578:
1560:
1529:
1494:
1455:
1414:
1324:
1315:
1298:
2735:
2187:
2109:
2027:
1810:
1652:
1616:
1469:
Wu J, Cheng Y, Palmberg C, Bergman T, Nilsson A, Duan RD (February 2005).
1373:
956:
951:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3729:
3364:
3216:
1189:
1168:
1122:
1028:
1007:
940:
780:
2990:
2625:
2608:
517:
3925:
3903:
3898:
3516:
3155:
3076:
3033:
2877:
2558:
2357:
1339:"Entrez Gene: ENPP7 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7"
1172:
1078:
The substrates of ENPP family vary greatly. Some have activity against
1044:
1036:
766:
721:
1716:
1521:
1470:
1144:(PAF), which is proinflammatory, indicating that ENPP7 may also have
4280:
4050:
3945:
3878:
3771:
3369:
3277:
1023:
Differing from other ENPP members, ENPP7 seems only expressed in the
980:
924:
676:
2921:
2904:
4254:
3887:
3638:
3634:
1717:"Alkaline sphingomyelinase: an old enzyme with novel implications"
639:
635:
3619:
3496:
3489:
3433:
3428:
1130:
987:
969:
Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 7
61:
4023:
3185:
1200:
VSL#3 may stimulate the expression of ENPP7 in the intestine.
2557:
Feng D, Ohlsson L, Ling W, Nilsson A, Duan RD (April 2010).
2772:
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003).
4019:
2675:
Liu F, Cheng Y, Wu J, Tauschel HD, Duan RD (April 2006).
2082:
Dillehay DL, Webb SK, Schmelz EM, Merrill AH (May 1994).
1387:
Cheng Y, Nilsson A, Tömquist E, Duan RD (February 2002).
317:
3059:
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004).
1545:"Molecular modeling of human alkaline sphingomyelinase"
4310:
474:
615:
negative regulation of cell population proliferation
4206:
4170:
4139:
4108:
4057:
3976:
3864:
3816:
3802:
3780:
3762:
3748:
3728:
3667:
3571:
3410:
3378:
3228:
887:
866:
836:
815:
2903:Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004).
2860:Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, et al. (2003).
1237:
1235:
1233:
1216:
1214:
1212:
3507:Fructose 6-P,2-kinase:fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase
3138:Wu J, Nilsson A, Jönsson BA, et al. (2006).
2299:Wu J, Cheng Y, Nilsson A, Duan RD (August 2004).
1827:Nyberg L, Nilsson Å, Lundgren P, Duan RD (1997).
1102:Physiological functions and clinical implications
264:
163:
2825:Duan RD, Cheng Y, Hansen G, et al. (2004).
1106:ENPP7 is the key enzyme in the gut that digests
3102:Wu J, Cheng Y, Palmberg C, et al. (2005).
2602:
2600:
1710:
1708:
1672:
1670:
16:Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
1822:
1820:
1590:
1588:
1292:
1290:
1242:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000046697
1175:. The two molecules form a stable complex via
1090:. ENPP7 is the only enzyme that has a type of
4035:
3197:
1117:ENPP7 may have important roles in preventing
8:
3016:Wu J, Hansen GH, Nilsson A, Duan RD (2005).
1948:Nutrition and Biochemistry of Phospholipids
1679:Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol
1221:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000182156
4042:
4028:
4020:
3813:
3759:
3745:
3204:
3190:
3182:
2938:Wu J, Cheng Y, Nilsson A, Duan RD (2004).
650:
500:
383:Skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis
305:
204:
101:
3163:
3084:
3041:
2998:
2955:
2920:
2885:
2842:
2807:
2797:
2744:
2734:
2624:
2533:
2449:
2365:
2316:
2275:
2226:
2099:
2058:
1879:
1568:
1445:
1404:
1314:
2607:Cheng Y, Ohlsson L, Duan RD (May 2004).
1140:, ENPP7 can also degrade and inactivate
973:alkaline sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase
528:sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activity
4317:
3397:Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1
1833:The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
1208:
605:negative regulation of DNA replication
18:
3977:either deoxy- or ribo-
579:integral component of plasma membrane
269:
230:
225:
168:
127:
122:
7:
3558:Protein serine/threonine phosphatase
977:intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase
3659:Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase
3653:Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin
3454:Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
610:glycosphingolipid metabolic process
3502:Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase
1881:10.1203/01.pdr.0000250534.92934.c2
884:
863:
833:
812:
790:
771:
745:
726:
700:
681:
479:
405:
343:
322:
14:
3402:4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA thioesterase
2215:Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev
983:that in humans is encoded by the
4320:
2451:10.1097/00054725-200207000-00004
253:
246:
240:
217:
152:
145:
139:
114:
3720:N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase
3608:Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase
2516:Noh SK, Koo SI (October 2004).
1060:critical micelle concentrations
620:sphingomyelin metabolic process
600:sphingomyelin catabolic process
3529:Inositol-phosphate phosphatase
3392:Palmitoyl protein thioesterase
1035:but high in the middle of the
554:integral component of membrane
463:More reference expression data
1:
3892:RNA-induced silencing complex
2495:10.1016/S0955-2863(00)00069-3
2228:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0434
1985:10.1016/S0955-2863(00)00064-4
1845:10.1016/S0955-2863(97)00010-7
1406:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)30174-7
1082:, some have activity against
238:
137:
4343:Genes on human chromosome 17
3996:Serratia marcescens nuclease
3563:Dual-specificity phosphatase
3553:Protein tyrosine phosphatase
3123:10.1016/j.bbalip.2004.11.006
2778:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
2696:10.1016/j.canlet.2005.04.016
2020:10.1016/0005-2760(68)90187-2
1733:10.1016/j.bbalip.2006.03.007
1609:10.1016/0005-2760(95)00137-2
1487:10.1016/j.bbalip.2004.11.006
1366:10.1016/0005-2760(69)90192-1
1121:in the intestinal tract, as
1062:. Other detergents, such as
3473:Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
2973:Zhang Z, Henzel WJ (2005).
4364:
2844:10.1194/jlr.M300037-JLR200
1768:10.1016/j.tibs.2005.08.005
1447:10.1194/jlr.M300037-JLR200
1142:platelet-activating factor
917:Chr 11: 118.88 – 118.88 Mb
4198:Michaelis–Menten kinetics
3710:Galactosamine-6 sulfatase
3266:6-phosphogluconolactonase
2575:10.1007/s10620-010-1202-9
2403:10.1007/s10620-008-0509-2
2137:10.1007/s00384-002-0471-y
1917:10.1007/s11745-003-1340-1
1803:10.1080/00365529850171594
1277:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1259:"Human PubMed Reference:"
955:
950:
946:
939:
923:
904:
891:
870:
859:
840:
819:
808:
797:
793:
778:
774:
765:
752:
748:
733:
729:
720:
707:
703:
688:
684:
675:
660:
653:
649:
633:
503:
499:
487:
482:
473:
460:
417:
408:
355:
346:
316:
308:
304:
287:
274:
237:
216:
207:
203:
186:
173:
136:
113:
104:
100:
55:
52:
42:
35:
30:
26:
21:
4090:Diffusion-limited enzyme
3458:Purple acid phosphatases
1691:10.1152/ajpgi.00190.2004
971:(E-NPP 7) also known as
910:Chr 17: 79.73 – 79.74 Mb
367:tendon of biceps brachii
2060:10.3945/ajcn.2009.28311
1791:Scand. J. Gastroenterol
1645:10.1023/A:1018807600683
3883:Microprocessor complex
3522:Beta-propeller phytase
3111:Biochim. Biophys. Acta
2799:10.1073/pnas.242603899
2535:10.1093/jn/134.10.2611
2268:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604013
2008:Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1721:Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1715:Duan RD (March 2006).
1597:Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1561:10.6026/97320630006078
1475:Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1354:Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1316:10.1074/jbc.M305437200
1155:ENPP7 may also affect
1056:taurochenodeoxycholate
4183:Eadie–Hofstee diagram
4116:Allosteric regulation
3818:Endodeoxyribonuclease
3715:Iduronate-2-sulfatase
3468:Glucose 6-phosphatase
3254:Butyrylcholinesterase
2957:10.1093/carcin/bgh140
2723:Can. J. Gastroenterol
2318:10.1093/carcin/bgh140
232:Chromosome 11 (mouse)
130:Chromosome 17 (human)
4193:Lineweaver–Burk plot
4001:Micrococcal nuclease
3836:Deoxyribonuclease IV
3831:Deoxyribonuclease II
3764:Exodeoxyribonuclease
3424:Alkaline phosphatase
3249:Acetylcholinesterase
2125:Int J Colorectal Dis
2101:10.1093/jn/124.5.615
1851:on January 26, 2013.
1194:ursodeoxycholic acid
1177:van der Waals forces
3856:UvrABC endonuclease
3826:Deoxyribonuclease I
3549:Protein phosphatase
3485:Protein phosphatase
3283:Bile salt-dependent
3271:PAF acetylhydrolase
2991:10.1110/ps.04682504
2790:2002PNAS...9916899M
2736:10.1155/2008/520383
2626:10.1079/BJN20041107
1950:. AOCS Publishing.
1756:Trends Biochem. Sci
1019:Tissue distribution
387:right lobe of liver
4152:Enzyme superfamily
4085:Enzyme promiscuity
3989:Mung bean nuclease
3848:Restriction enzyme
3841:Restriction enzyme
3156:10.1042/BJ20051121
3077:10.1101/gr.2596504
3034:10.1042/BJ20041455
2878:10.1101/gr.1293003
2438:Inflamm. Bowel Dis
2358:10.1042/BJ20051121
1150:ulcerative colitis
755:ENSMUSG00000046697
588:Biological process
547:Cellular component
523:hydrolase activity
518:catalytic activity
511:Molecular function
4308:
4307:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4009:
4008:
3798:
3797:
3790:Oligonucleotidase
3735:deoxyribonuclease
3703:Steroid sulfatase
3578:Phosphodiesterase
3307:Hormone-sensitive
3150:(Pt 1): 299–308.
2784:(26): 16899–903.
2352:(Pt 1): 299–308.
2047:Am. J. Clin. Nutr
1522:10.1021/bi101069u
1094:activity against
1088:lysophospholipids
1025:intestinal mucosa
966:
965:
962:
961:
935:
934:
900:
899:
881:
880:
855:
854:
830:
829:
804:
803:
787:
786:
761:
760:
742:
741:
716:
715:
697:
696:
645:
644:
538:metal ion binding
495:
494:
491:
490:
469:
468:
456:
455:
402:
401:
395:cerebellar vermis
300:
299:
199:
198:
94:ENPP7 - orthologs
4355:
4325:
4324:
4316:
4188:Hanes–Woolf plot
4131:Enzyme activator
4126:Enzyme inhibitor
4100:Enzyme catalysis
4044:
4037:
4030:
4021:
3866:Endoribonuclease
3852:
3846:
3814:
3760:
3746:
3446:Acid phosphatase
3327:Monoacylglycerol
3237:ester hydrolases
3206:
3199:
3192:
3183:
3177:
3167:
3134:
3108:
3098:
3088:
3055:
3045:
3028:(Pt 1): 153–60.
3012:
3002:
2969:
2959:
2934:
2924:
2899:
2889:
2856:
2846:
2821:
2811:
2801:
2759:
2758:
2748:
2738:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2681:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2628:
2604:
2595:
2594:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2537:
2513:
2507:
2506:
2483:J. Nutr. Biochem
2478:
2472:
2471:
2453:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2369:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2320:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2279:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2230:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2103:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2062:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1973:J. Nutr. Biochem
1968:
1962:
1961:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1883:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1847:. Archived from
1824:
1815:
1814:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1712:
1703:
1702:
1674:
1665:
1664:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1592:
1583:
1582:
1572:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1516:(42): 9096–105.
1505:
1499:
1498:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1449:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1408:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1318:
1309:(40): 38528–36.
1294:
1285:
1284:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1255:
1249:
1239:
1228:
1218:
1146:antiinflammatory
1002:that hydrolyses
1000:sphingomyelinase
948:
947:
919:
912:
895:
885:
876:
864:
860:RefSeq (protein)
850:
834:
825:
813:
791:
772:
746:
727:
701:
682:
651:
625:lipid metabolism
533:zinc ion binding
501:
480:
465:
413:
411:Top expressed in
406:
351:
349:Top expressed in
344:
323:
306:
296:
283:
272:
257:
250:
244:
233:
221:
205:
195:
182:
171:
156:
149:
143:
132:
118:
102:
96:
47:
40:
19:
4363:
4362:
4358:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4352:
4333:
4332:
4331:
4319:
4311:
4309:
4304:
4216:Oxidoreductases
4202:
4178:Enzyme kinetics
4166:
4162:List of enzymes
4135:
4104:
4075:Catalytic triad
4053:
4048:
4018:
4005:
3972:
3860:
3850:
3844:
3807:
3794:
3782:Exoribonuclease
3776:
3753:
3737:
3733:
3724:
3698:Arylsulfatase L
3693:Arylsulfatase B
3688:Arylsulfatase A
3663:
3576:
3567:
3406:
3374:
3236:
3224:
3210:
3180:
3137:
3117:(1–3): 94–102.
3106:
3101:
3071:(10B): 2121–7.
3058:
3015:
2985:(10): 2819–24.
2972:
2937:
2902:
2872:(10): 2265–70.
2859:
2824:
2771:
2767:
2765:Further reading
2762:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2679:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2606:
2605:
2598:
2569:(12): 3377–83.
2556:
2555:
2551:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1958:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1826:
1825:
1818:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1714:
1713:
1706:
1676:
1675:
1668:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1594:
1593:
1586:
1555:(2): 9096–105.
1542:
1541:
1537:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1481:(1–3): 94–102.
1468:
1467:
1463:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1296:
1295:
1288:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1240:
1231:
1219:
1210:
1206:
1185:
1161:plasma membrane
1104:
1092:phospholipase C
1071:the intestinal
1043:and pancreatic
1021:
996:
975:(Alk-SMase) or
957:View/Edit Mouse
952:View/Edit Human
915:
908:
905:Location (UCSC)
893:
872:
846:
842:
821:
736:ENSG00000182156
629:
583:
569:Golgi apparatus
564:plasma membrane
542:
461:
452:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
409:
398:
393:
391:trabecular bone
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
347:
291:
278:
270:
260:
259:
258:
251:
231:
208:Gene location (
190:
177:
169:
159:
158:
157:
150:
128:
105:Gene location (
56:
43:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4361:
4359:
4351:
4350:
4345:
4335:
4334:
4330:
4329:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4289:
4276:
4263:
4250:
4237:
4224:
4210:
4208:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4143:
4141:
4140:Classification
4137:
4136:
4134:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4112:
4110:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4054:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4024:
4015:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3922:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3885:
3870:
3868:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3858:
3853:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3822:
3820:
3811:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3786:
3784:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3768:
3766:
3757:
3743:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3677:
3675:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3656:
3646:
3641:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3616:
3615:
3605:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3588:
3582:
3580:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3526:
3525:
3524:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3493:
3492:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3420:
3418:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3332:Diacylglycerol
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3285:
3274:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3261:Pectinesterase
3258:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3244:Cholinesterase
3240:
3238:
3226:
3225:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3186:
3179:
3178:
3135:
3099:
3056:
3013:
2970:
2950:(8): 1327–33.
2944:Carcinogenesis
2935:
2922:10.1038/ng1285
2900:
2857:
2837:(6): 1241–50.
2822:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2709:
2667:
2656:(6A): 3631–5.
2650:Anticancer Res
2640:
2596:
2549:
2528:(10): 2611–6.
2508:
2473:
2424:
2381:
2332:
2311:(8): 1327–33.
2305:Carcinogenesis
2291:
2262:(10): 1441–8.
2242:
2201:
2158:
2115:
2074:
2033:
1998:
1963:
1956:
1938:
1895:
1854:
1839:(3): 112–118.
1816:
1781:
1762:(10): 542–50.
1746:
1704:
1685:(5): G967–73.
1666:
1622:
1584:
1549:Bioinformation
1535:
1500:
1461:
1440:(6): 1241–50.
1420:
1379:
1344:
1330:
1286:
1268:
1250:
1229:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1184:
1181:
1165:lipid vesicles
1103:
1100:
1020:
1017:
1013:homology model
995:
992:
964:
963:
960:
959:
954:
944:
943:
937:
936:
933:
932:
930:
928:
921:
920:
913:
906:
902:
901:
898:
897:
889:
888:
882:
879:
878:
868:
867:
861:
857:
856:
853:
852:
838:
837:
831:
828:
827:
817:
816:
810:
806:
805:
802:
801:
795:
794:
788:
785:
784:
776:
775:
769:
763:
762:
759:
758:
750:
749:
743:
740:
739:
731:
730:
724:
718:
717:
714:
713:
705:
704:
698:
695:
694:
686:
685:
679:
673:
672:
667:
662:
658:
657:
647:
646:
643:
642:
631:
630:
628:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
591:
589:
585:
584:
582:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
550:
548:
544:
543:
541:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
514:
512:
508:
507:
497:
496:
493:
492:
489:
488:
485:
484:
477:
471:
470:
467:
466:
458:
457:
454:
453:
451:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
415:
414:
403:
400:
399:
397:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
359:jejunal mucosa
356:
353:
352:
340:
339:
331:
320:
314:
313:
310:RNA expression
302:
301:
298:
297:
289:
285:
284:
276:
273:
268:
262:
261:
252:
245:
239:
235:
234:
229:
223:
222:
214:
213:
201:
200:
197:
196:
188:
184:
183:
175:
172:
167:
161:
160:
151:
144:
138:
134:
133:
126:
120:
119:
111:
110:
98:
97:
54:
50:
49:
41:
33:
32:
28:
27:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4360:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4314:
4300:
4296:
4295:
4290:
4287:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4274:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4261:
4257:
4256:
4251:
4248:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4235:
4231:
4230:
4225:
4222:
4218:
4217:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4205:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4157:Enzyme family
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4121:Cooperativity
4119:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4107:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4080:Oxyanion hole
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4045:
4040:
4038:
4033:
4031:
4026:
4025:
4022:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3969:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3943:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3867:
3863:
3857:
3854:
3849:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3805:
3801:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3751:
3747:
3744:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3684:
3683:
3682:arylsulfatase
3679:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3670:
3666:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3609:
3606:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3592:
3591:Phospholipase
3589:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3574:
3570:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3483:
3479:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3341:Phospholipase
3339:
3338:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3207:
3202:
3200:
3195:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3175:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3105:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2756:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2729:(3): 237–42.
2728:
2724:
2720:
2713:
2710:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2678:
2671:
2668:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2644:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2619:(5): 715–23.
2618:
2614:
2610:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2563:Dig. Dis. Sci
2560:
2553:
2550:
2545:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2512:
2509:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2477:
2474:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2444:(4): 258–63.
2443:
2439:
2435:
2428:
2425:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2397:(7): 1440–8.
2396:
2392:
2391:Dig. Dis. Sci
2385:
2382:
2377:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2336:
2333:
2328:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2292:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2256:Br. J. Cancer
2253:
2246:
2243:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2221:(4): 856–62.
2220:
2216:
2212:
2205:
2202:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2174:(3): 448–53.
2173:
2169:
2162:
2159:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2131:(4): 309–13.
2130:
2126:
2119:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2094:(5): 615–20.
2093:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2075:
2070:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2034:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2014:(3): 575–84.
2013:
2009:
2002:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1967:
1964:
1959:
1957:1-893997-42-1
1953:
1949:
1942:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1899:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1858:
1855:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1797:(7): 673–83.
1796:
1792:
1785:
1782:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1750:
1747:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1727:(3): 281–91.
1726:
1722:
1718:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1633:Dig. Dis. Sci
1626:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1539:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1465:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1424:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1399:(2): 316–24.
1398:
1394:
1390:
1383:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1360:(2): 339–47.
1359:
1355:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1334:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1272:
1269:
1264:
1260:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1138:sphingomyelin
1134:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1119:tumorigenesis
1115:
1111:
1109:
1108:sphingomyelin
1101:
1099:
1097:
1096:sphingomyelin
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1009:
1005:
1004:sphingomyelin
1001:
993:
991:
989:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
958:
953:
949:
945:
942:
938:
931:
929:
926:
922:
918:
914:
911:
907:
903:
896:
890:
886:
883:
877:
875:
869:
865:
862:
858:
851:
849:
845:
839:
835:
832:
826:
824:
818:
814:
811:
809:RefSeq (mRNA)
807:
800:
796:
792:
789:
783:
782:
777:
773:
770:
768:
764:
757:
756:
751:
747:
744:
738:
737:
732:
728:
725:
723:
719:
712:
711:
706:
702:
699:
693:
692:
687:
683:
680:
678:
674:
671:
668:
666:
663:
659:
656:
652:
648:
641:
637:
632:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
592:
590:
587:
586:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
551:
549:
546:
545:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
515:
513:
510:
509:
506:
505:Gene ontology
502:
498:
486:
481:
478:
476:
472:
464:
459:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
419:
416:
412:
407:
404:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
357:
354:
350:
345:
342:
341:
338:
336:
332:
330:
329:
325:
324:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
295:
290:
286:
282:
277:
271:11|11 E2
267:
263:
256:
249:
243:
236:
228:
224:
220:
215:
211:
206:
202:
194:
189:
185:
181:
176:
166:
162:
155:
148:
142:
135:
131:
125:
121:
117:
112:
108:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
51:
46:
39:
34:
29:
25:
20:
4294:Translocases
4291:
4278:
4265:
4252:
4239:
4229:Transferases
4226:
4213:
4070:Binding site
3851:}}
3845:{{
3809:Endonuclease
3740:ribonuclease
3680:
3463:Nucleotidase
3384:Thioesterase
3147:
3143:
3114:
3110:
3068:
3064:
3025:
3021:
2982:
2978:
2947:
2943:
2912:
2908:
2869:
2865:
2834:
2831:J. Lipid Res
2830:
2781:
2777:
2726:
2722:
2712:
2690:(1): 141–6.
2687:
2683:
2670:
2653:
2649:
2643:
2616:
2612:
2566:
2562:
2552:
2525:
2521:
2511:
2489:(5): 244–9.
2486:
2482:
2476:
2441:
2437:
2427:
2394:
2390:
2384:
2349:
2345:
2335:
2308:
2304:
2294:
2259:
2255:
2245:
2218:
2214:
2204:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2128:
2124:
2118:
2091:
2087:
2077:
2053:(3): 672–8.
2050:
2046:
2036:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1979:(4): 192–7.
1976:
1972:
1966:
1947:
1941:
1911:(5): 545–9.
1908:
1904:
1898:
1871:
1868:Pediatr. Res
1867:
1857:
1849:the original
1836:
1832:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1759:
1755:
1749:
1724:
1720:
1682:
1678:
1639:(1): 26–32.
1636:
1632:
1625:
1603:(1): 49–55.
1600:
1596:
1552:
1548:
1538:
1513:
1510:Biochemistry
1509:
1503:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1437:
1434:J. Lipid Res
1433:
1423:
1396:
1393:J. Lipid Res
1392:
1382:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1333:
1306:
1302:
1280:
1271:
1262:
1253:
1186:
1154:
1135:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1084:phospholipid
1077:
1068:Triton X-100
1052:taurocholate
1049:
1022:
997:
984:
976:
972:
968:
967:
892:
871:
848:NM_001359574
844:NM_001030291
841:
820:
798:
779:
753:
734:
708:
689:
669:
664:
333:
326:
292:118,884,047
279:118,879,014
53:External IDs
4065:Active site
3984:Nuclease S1
3755:Exonuclease
3649:Lecithinase
3478:Calcineurin
3416:Phosphatase
3322:Lipoprotein
3312:Endothelial
2979:Protein Sci
2915:(1): 40–5.
2684:Cancer Lett
2613:Br. J. Nutr
1874:(1): 61–6.
1303:J Biol Chem
1157:cholesterol
1080:nucleotides
559:microvillus
191:79,742,219
178:79,730,943
31:Identifiers
4337:Categories
4268:Isomerases
4242:Hydrolases
4109:Regulation
3297:Pancreatic
3234:Carboxylic
3144:Biochem. J
3065:Genome Res
3022:Biochem. J
2909:Nat. Genet
2866:Genome Res
2346:Biochem. J
1248:, May 2017
1227:, May 2017
1204:References
1183:Regulation
1058:(TCDC) at
595:metabolism
437:blastocyst
337:(ortholog)
74:HomoloGene
4147:EC number
3874:RNase III
3732:(includes
3673:Sulfatase
3586:Autotaxin
3450:Prostatic
3302:Lysosomal
3217:esterases
3213:Hydrolase
1198:probiotic
1169:liposomes
1127:apoptosis
1054:(TC) and
1041:bile salt
874:NP_848638
823:NM_178543
655:Orthologs
375:vena cava
82:GeneCards
4348:EC 3.1.4
4171:Kinetics
4095:Cofactor
4058:Activity
3968:RNase T1
3730:Nuclease
3365:Cutinase
3174:16255717
3131:15708357
3095:15489334
3052:15458386
3009:15340161
2966:15016655
2931:14702039
2896:12975309
2853:12671034
2818:12477932
2755:18354751
2704:16290921
2662:19189644
2635:15137923
2583:20393874
2544:15465755
2503:10876096
2468:23648078
2460:12131609
2419:40115990
2411:18989780
2376:16255717
2327:15016655
2286:17923876
2237:15824156
2196:32446993
2145:12774245
2069:20071649
1993:10827341
1925:12880111
1890:17211142
1776:16125936
1741:16631405
1699:15205117
1579:21544170
1530:20839774
1495:15708357
1456:12671034
1415:11861674
1325:12885774
1244:–
1223:–
1190:psyllium
1173:micelles
1136:Besides
1123:ceramide
1029:duodenum
1008:ceramide
941:Wikidata
634:Sources:
574:membrane
441:duodenum
433:yolk sac
425:placenta
371:testicle
363:duodenum
4327:Biology
4281:Ligases
4051:Enzymes
3941:RNase E
3936:RNase Z
3931:RNase A
3926:RNase P
3899:RNase H
3517:Phytase
3317:Hepatic
3292:Lingual
3288:Gastric
3165:1386028
3043:1134777
3000:2286551
2786:Bibcode
2746:2662197
2591:9945168
2522:J. Nutr
2367:1386028
2277:2360232
2188:9028353
2153:2133507
2110:8169652
2088:J. Nutr
2028:5701698
1933:4026200
1811:9712229
1661:2473970
1653:9508530
1617:7492615
1570:3082857
1374:5775951
1246:Ensembl
1225:Ensembl
1163:and in
1045:trypsin
1037:jejunum
994:History
767:UniProt
722:Ensembl
661:Species
640:QuickGO
449:stomach
421:jejunum
312:pattern
170:17q25.3
70:3027917
38:Aliases
4313:Portal
4255:Lyases
3879:Drosha
3804:3.1.21
3772:RecBCD
3750:3.1.11
3370:PETase
3278:Lipase
3172:
3162:
3129:
3093:
3086:528928
3083:
3050:
3040:
3007:
2997:
2964:
2929:
2894:
2887:403697
2884:
2851:
2816:
2809:139241
2806:
2753:
2743:
2702:
2660:
2633:
2589:
2581:
2542:
2501:
2466:
2458:
2417:
2409:
2374:
2364:
2325:
2284:
2274:
2235:
2194:
2186:
2168:Cancer
2151:
2143:
2108:
2067:
2026:
1991:
1954:
1931:
1923:
1905:Lipids
1888:
1809:
1774:
1739:
1697:
1659:
1651:
1615:
1577:
1567:
1528:
1493:
1454:
1413:
1372:
1323:
981:enzyme
979:is an
927:search
925:PubMed
781:Q6UWV6
710:238011
691:339221
677:Entrez
475:BioGPS
78:110852
62:616997
4207:Types
3888:Dicer
3843:;see
3669:3.1.6
3639:PDE4B
3635:PDE4A
3573:3.1.4
3542:IMPA3
3538:IMPA2
3534:IMPA1
3412:3.1.3
3380:3.1.2
3230:3.1.1
3107:(PDF)
2680:(PDF)
2587:S2CID
2464:S2CID
2415:S2CID
2192:S2CID
2149:S2CID
1929:S2CID
1657:S2CID
1073:lumen
1064:CHAPS
1033:colon
985:ENPP7
670:Mouse
665:Human
636:Amigo
445:colon
429:ileum
379:liver
335:Mouse
328:Human
275:Start
210:Mouse
174:Start
107:Human
86:ENPP7
45:ENPP7
22:ENPP7
4299:list
4292:EC7
4286:list
4279:EC6
4273:list
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