337:, providing a nursery habitat for recreational and commercial fish species. These important wetland ecosystem provide necessary buffers to storm surges and reduce shoreline erosion. The foundation has worked with community members to return 1,000+ tons of oyster shells into the bay, allowing more oysters to filter harmful biochemical heavy metals polluting East Bay. To date, Galveston Bay Foundation has protected over 20 miles of shoreline and restored nearly 50 acres of salt marsh through living shorelines, protecting shorelines from erosion. Such protection from erosion have shown to be critical to wetland/marshland ecosystems. Storm surge models from major hurricanes (i.e.
26:
81:
51:
737:
88:
58:
289:
automobile. A few ranches were also established on the bay. Fishing and ranching were the mainstay of the economy until oil was discovered in 1944. Since then, numerous oil and gas wells have been constructed both onshore and in East Bay. According to the U.S Census, Smith Point had a population of 150 people in 2000.
288:
about twenty years later, the site of the landing was named for John Smith who protested the
Mexican government's claims in the area. Soon thereafter, a small community was established. The residents depended on East Bay to provide sustenance and transportation before the introduction of the
268:. During their rule, sea captains would customarily land at Bolivar Peninsula and roll imported or exported goods across a small patch of land to or from the aptly named Rollover Bay to avoid the Galveston trade customs. Centuries later, a natural channel in the area was dredged to create
276:
to East Bay. As a result, Gilchrist benefited economically from the pass, which became one of the most productive fishing locations along the Texas coast, and East Bay was supplied with a greater amount of seawater to improve the bay's fish and vegetative habitat.
1440:
725:
236:. The bay is oriented northeast to southwest, and is approximately five miles wide and twenty miles in length. It covers the area north of the entire
904:
313:
to its confluence with East Bay, near the bay's easternmost point. At the easternmost point, the combined waters of East Bay Bayou and the
80:
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979:
310:
1262:
703:
116:
50:
1022:
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718:
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1117:
974:
668:
Sebastian, Antonia; Proft, Jennifer; Dietrich, J. Casey; Du, Wei; Bedient, Philip B.; Dawson, Clint N. (2014-06-01).
248:
at the western extreme. The bay's one extension is
Rollover Bay, which is found to the extreme east near the town of
532:
Lopez, Amanda M.; Fitzsimmons, Jessica N.; Adams, Hannah M.; Dellapenna, Timothy M.; Brandon, Alan D. (2022-02-01).
939:
1382:
1316:
1311:
964:
711:
297:
East Bay exchanges seawater with the Gulf of Mexico at
Rollover Pass in Gilchrist and at Galveston Harbor near
280:
The
Spanish notably landed on the northern shore of the bay at present-day Smith Point in 1805 to defend their
25:
326:
272:, named for the practice that previously occurred. The pass cut Gilchrist in half and improved flows from the
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534:"A time-series of heavy metal geochemistry in sediments of Galveston Bay estuary, Texas, 2017-2019"
298:
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670:"Characterizing hurricane storm surge behavior in Galveston Bay using the SWAN+ADCIRC model"
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305:, an important nursery for oysters and shrimp, which runs 23 miles from its source near
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and protection to the area. The foundation has restored thousands of acres of
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848:
334:
285:
742:
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113:
173:
707:
623:"Storm surge propagation in Galveston Bay during Hurricane Ike"
341:) have revealed the erosion potential of major hurricanes.
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988:
897:
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109:
18:
486:. Texas State Historical Association. May 30, 2010
406:. Texas State Historical Association. May 30, 2010
377:. Texas State Historical Association. May 30, 2010
123:
264:controlled the bay during the course of their
719:
8:
284:settlement. Following the establishment of
726:
712:
704:
15:
1441:Bodies of water of Chambers County, Texas
621:Rego, João L.; Li, Chunyan (2010-09-01).
557:
362:
394:
392:
7:
513:. Texas State Historical Association
460:. Texas State Historical Association
433:. Texas State Historical Association
505:Johnston, Julianne (May 30, 2010).
244:, including the small community of
30:East Bay (left), off the shore of
14:
735:
686:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2014.03.002
538:Science of the Total Environment
452:Wooster, Robert (May 30, 2010).
425:Daniels, A. Pat (May 30, 2010).
311:Anahuac National Wildlife Refuge
87:
86:
79:
57:
56:
49:
24:
1263:Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River
559:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150446
1023:Falcon International Reservoir
228:, is the eastern extension of
1:
647:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2010.06.001
108:
100:Show map of the United States
1118:Richland-Chambers Reservoir
329:has provided comprehensive
1457:
940:Gulf Intracoastal Waterway
627:Journal of Marine Systems
43:
23:
602:Galveston Bay Foundation
511:Handbook of Texas Online
484:Handbook of Texas Online
458:Handbook of Texas Online
431:Handbook of Texas Online
404:Handbook of Texas Online
375:Handbook of Texas Online
327:Galveston Bay Foundation
240:, and south of mainland
1412:29.508641°N 94.671764°W
905:Acequia Madre de Valero
146:29.508641°N 94.671764°W
1018:Choke Canyon Reservoir
975:Sabine–Neches Waterway
960:Port Mansfield Channel
950:Matagorda Ship Channel
331:ecological restoration
234:Chambers County, Texas
1417:29.508641; -94.671764
1128:Toledo Bend Reservoir
1123:Sam Rayburn Reservoir
1013:Cedar Creek Reservoir
598:"Habitat Restoration"
315:Intracoastal Waterway
151:29.508641; -94.671764
36:Intracoastal Waterway
990:Lakes and reservoirs
945:Houston Ship Channel
925:Brazos Santiago Pass
454:"Smith Point, Texas"
321:Conservation Efforts
317:merge with the bay.
1408: /
1063:Lake Corpus Christi
898:Channels and canals
674:Coastal Engineering
639:2010JMS....82..265R
550:2022ScTEn.806o0446L
142: /
814:Espiritu Santo Bay
809:East Matagorda Bay
794:Corpus Christi Bay
750:Bays and estuaries
427:"Gilchrist, Texas"
226:East Galveston Bay
1391:
1390:
1383:Rio Grande Valley
1363:Big Cypress Bayou
1317:San Jacinto River
1312:San Gabriel River
1307:San Bernard River
1295:San Antonio River
1088:Lake Marble Falls
998:Amistad Reservoir
879:Tres Palacios Bay
757:
266:conquest of Texas
238:Bolivar Peninsula
219:
218:
174:Ocean/sea sources
70:Show map of Texas
32:Bolivar Peninsula
1448:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1322:San Marcos River
1258:Pedernales River
1073:Lake Ray Roberts
1068:Lake Ray Hubbard
752:
740:
739:
728:
721:
714:
705:
698:
697:
665:
659:
658:
618:
612:
611:
609:
608:
594:
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561:
544:(Pt 3): 150446.
529:
523:
522:
520:
518:
507:"East Bay Bayou"
502:
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491:
476:
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469:
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442:
440:
438:
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351:West Bay (Texas)
175:
168:, East Bay Bayou
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125:
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16:
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1416:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1387:
1373:Ottine wetlands
1351:
1186:Guadalupe River
1132:
1113:Lewisville Lake
1083:Lake Livingston
984:
965:Riverside Canal
893:
874:St. Charles Bay
864:San Antonio Bay
751:
745:
734:
732:
702:
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667:
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434:
424:
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419:
409:
407:
400:"Rollover Pass"
398:
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380:
378:
369:
368:
364:
359:
347:
323:
301:. It is fed by
295:
258:
188: countries
150:
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1365:
1359:
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1349:
1344:
1339:
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1329:
1327:San Saba River
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1292:
1287:
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1280:
1270:
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1245:
1244:
1243:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1196:Lampasas River
1193:
1188:
1183:
1181:Canadian River
1178:
1173:
1171:Colorado River
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1146:Angelina River
1142:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1033:Lady Bird Lake
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
994:
992:
986:
985:
983:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
935:Franklin Canal
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
910:American Canal
907:
901:
899:
895:
894:
892:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
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861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
779:Carancahua Bay
776:
771:
766:
760:
758:
755:Gulf of Mexico
747:
746:
733:
731:
730:
723:
716:
708:
700:
699:
660:
633:(4): 265–279.
613:
589:
524:
497:
480:"Oyster Bayou"
471:
444:
417:
388:
361:
360:
358:
355:
354:
353:
346:
343:
322:
319:
294:
291:
274:Gulf of Mexico
257:
254:
224:also known as
217:
216:
203:
199:
198:
195:
194:
189:
182:
181:
179:Gulf of Mexico
176:
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126:
120:
119:
111:
107:
106:
93:
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63:
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55:
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29:
21:
20:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1453:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1436:Bays of Texas
1434:
1433:
1431:
1424:
1421:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1342:Wichita River
1340:
1338:
1337:Trinity River
1335:
1333:
1332:Sulphur River
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1298:
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1246:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1221:Navidad River
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1166:Buffalo Bayou
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1098:Lake Tawakoni
1096:
1094:
1093:Lake Meredith
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1053:Lake Buchanan
1051:
1049:
1048:Lake Bardwell
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
995:
993:
991:
987:
981:
980:San Luis Pass
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
920:Bolivar Roads
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
902:
900:
896:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
839:Matagorda Bay
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
824:Guadalupe Bay
822:
820:
819:Galveston Bay
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
799:Dickinson Bay
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
784:Christmas Bay
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
761:
759:
756:
748:
744:
738:
729:
724:
722:
717:
715:
710:
709:
706:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
664:
661:
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652:
648:
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640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
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614:
603:
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581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
560:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
528:
525:
512:
508:
501:
498:
485:
481:
475:
472:
459:
455:
448:
445:
432:
428:
421:
418:
405:
401:
395:
393:
389:
376:
372:
366:
363:
356:
352:
349:
348:
344:
342:
340:
339:Hurricane Ike
336:
332:
328:
320:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
292:
290:
287:
283:
278:
275:
271:
270:Rollover Pass
267:
263:
255:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
230:Galveston Bay
227:
223:
215:
211:
207:
204:
200:
196:
193:
192:United States
190:
187:
183:
180:
177:
171:
167:
164:
162:River sources
160:
155:
127:
121:
118:
115:
112:
82:
52:
42:
37:
33:
27:
22:
17:
1393:
1378:Rincon Bayou
1300:Medina River
1290:Sabine River
1278:Devils River
1248:Paluxy River
1236:Nueces River
1226:Neches River
1211:Little River
1201:Lavaca River
1176:Concho River
1161:Brazos River
1156:Bosque River
1151:Blanco River
955:Pass Cavallo
915:Aransas Pass
829:Laguna Madre
803:
677:
673:
663:
630:
626:
616:
605:. Retrieved
601:
592:
541:
537:
527:
515:. Retrieved
510:
500:
488:. Retrieved
483:
474:
462:. Retrieved
457:
447:
435:. Retrieved
430:
420:
408:. Retrieved
403:
379:. Retrieved
374:
365:
324:
309:through the
303:Oyster Bayou
299:Port Bolivar
296:
279:
259:
225:
221:
220:
214:Port Bolivar
166:Oyster Bayou
1415: /
1347:White River
1283:Pecos River
1253:Pease River
1231:Nolan River
1216:Llano River
1191:James River
1108:Lake Travis
1103:Lake Texoma
1058:Lake Conroe
1043:Lake Austin
1008:Canyon Lake
970:Sabine Pass
930:Cedar Bayou
884:Trinity Bay
859:Sabine Lake
854:Redfish Bay
769:Aransas Bay
680:: 171–181.
246:Smith Point
210:Smith Point
202:Settlements
149: /
124:Coordinates
34:cut by the
1430:Categories
1403:94°40′18″W
1400:29°30′31″N
1273:Rio Grande
1241:Frio River
1206:Leon River
1038:Lavon Lake
1003:Caddo Lake
844:Nueces Bay
834:Lavaca Bay
789:Copano Bay
774:Baffin Bay
764:Alazan Bay
741:Waters of
607:2023-02-22
371:"East Bay"
357:References
282:Atascosito
137:94°40′18″W
134:29°30′31″N
117:Gulf Coast
1368:Cow Bayou
1268:Red River
1028:Inks Lake
869:South Bay
694:0378-3839
655:0924-7963
584:238254121
568:0048-9697
345:See above
250:Gilchrist
232:found in
206:Gilchrist
1356:Wetlands
1078:Lake LBJ
889:West Bay
804:East Bay
576:34599961
335:wetlands
293:Features
222:East Bay
110:Location
94:East Bay
64:East Bay
38:(center)
19:East Bay
849:Oso Bay
753:of the
635:Bibcode
546:Bibcode
517:25 June
490:25 June
464:25 June
437:25 June
410:25 June
381:25 June
262:Spanish
256:History
1138:Rivers
692:
653:
582:
574:
566:
307:Winnie
286:Mexico
743:Texas
580:S2CID
242:Texas
186:Basin
114:Texas
690:ISSN
651:ISSN
572:PMID
564:ISSN
519:2010
492:2010
466:2010
439:2010
412:2010
383:2010
325:The
260:The
682:doi
643:doi
554:doi
542:806
1432::
688:.
678:88
676:.
672:.
649:.
641:.
631:82
629:.
625:.
600:.
578:.
570:.
562:.
552:.
540:.
536:.
509:.
482:.
456:.
429:.
402:.
391:^
373:.
252:.
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