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The green eggs are laid singly or in stacks under host plant leaves and stems. The spiny larva varies in color from pale green to yellow to white and to even black. The solitary larva feeds on leaves at night. Older larvae construct daytime leaf shelters by pulling a single leaf together with silk.
274:
This butterfly is seasonally variable. The upperside of the summer form's hindwings are all black, whereas the winter forms hindwings are reddish orange. The underside of both forms is striped with dark and light brown. There is a silvery comma mark in the middle of the hindwing in both forms. Its
404:; and by the row of pale submarginal spots on the hindwing upperside, which tend to be separate and surrounded by dark shading in comma, but are larger and tend to run together into a pale band in
396:), which usually occurs north and west of the eastern comma's range. They can be distinguished by the upperside color, which is orange brown in the comma and tawny yellowish brown in
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The chrysalis is brown and covered with spines. Winter-form adults overwinter; some will also migrate south for the winter.
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Robinson, Gaden S.; Ackery, Phillip R.; Kitching, Ian; Beccaloni, George W.; Hernández, Luis M. (2023).
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The eastern comma may be spotted in woods near rivers, ponds, marshes, swamps, and other water sources.
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This butterfly seldom visits flowers, but rather feeds on sap, rotting fruit, salts and minerals from
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460:"HOSTS - The Hostplants and Caterpillars Database at the Natural History Museum"
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The dark form of comma is frequently confused with the dark form of the
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Hibernal diapause of North
American Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea.
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434:"NatureServe Explorer 2.0 Polygonia comma Eastern Comma"
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Range map showing distribution of the eastern comma
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275:wingspan is 4.5–6.4 cm (1.8–2.5 in).
492:. Regents of the University of Minnesota. 2022
8:
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204:
59:
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522:Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera
856:Taxa named by Thaddeus William Harris
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303:Caterpillars feed on paper birch (
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871:Lepidoptera of the United States
490:Hennepin County Master Gardeners
82:
333:), currants and gooseberries (
1:
861:Butterflies described in 1842
851:Butterflies of North America
548:Featured Creatures Web site
892:
846:NatureServe secure species
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79:Scientific classification
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57:
48:
39:
34:
438:explorer.natureserve.org
420:, Butterflies of Canada
271:
246:, is a North American
876:Lepidoptera of Canada
510:Scott, J. A. (1999).
269:
312:Boehmeria cylindrica
27:Species of butterfly
330:Laportea canadensis
318:Celtis occidentalis
51:Conservation status
517:2018-10-08 at the
386:P. interrogationis
357:), and clearweed (
272:
270:Upperside of wings
833:
832:
818:Open Tree of Life
558:Taxon identifiers
345:), American elm (
339:spp.), basswood (
309:), false nettle (
306:Betula papyrifera
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16:(Redirected from
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595:Polygonia_comma
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566:Polygonia comma
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376:Similar species
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348:Ulmus americana
342:Tilia americana
315:), hackberry (
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239:Polygonia comma
228:Nymphalis comma
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494:. Retrieved
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441:. Retrieved
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360:Pilea pumila
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29:
766:NatureServe
701:iNaturalist
486:"Clearweed"
390:satyr comma
351:), nettle (
299:Host plants
262:Description
256:Nymphalinae
252:Nymphalidae
146:Nymphalidae
136:Lepidoptera
69:NatureServe
866:Nymphalini
840:Categories
412:References
406:P. satyrus
402:P. satyrus
398:P. satyrus
394:P. satyrus
367:Life cycle
116:Arthropoda
443:3 October
321:), hops (
248:butterfly
164:Species:
157:Polygonia
102:Kingdom:
96:Eukaryota
771:2.120325
740:LepIndex
719:11410964
636:BugGuide
612:BioLib:
602:BAMONA:
581:Q2148192
575:Wikidata
515:Archived
496:4 August
293:puddling
219:Synonyms
142:Family:
112:Phylum:
106:Animalia
92:Domain:
693:5129430
540:on the
324:Humulus
279:Habitat
198:, 1842)
152:Genus:
132:Order:
126:Insecta
122:Class:
67: (
65:Secure
823:444091
797:159564
784:171597
745:157631
732:778042
680:POLACO
667:162825
615:527672
354:Urtica
242:, the
196:Harris
714:IRMNG
706:54064
654:4L8X8
628:12436
336:Ribes
805:ODNR
779:NCBI
758:4421
753:MONA
727:ITIS
688:GBIF
675:EPPO
641:5509
623:BOLD
546:IFAS
498:2022
445:2020
662:EoL
649:CoL
590:ADW
468:doi
363:).
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
