362:
274:
31:
56:
454:
of the plumage to avoid predators. The male takes over incubation during the night, but roosts some distance away when the female is brooding. If necessary, the female will attempt to distract the intruder away from the eggs, or perform a defence display with spread wings, puffed throat and hissing
404:
The eared nightjars are large compared to many nightjars, but otherwise are similar in structure. They are long-winged and long-tailed, and are light for the wing area, making them powerful and agile in flight. An important difference from typical nightjars is the lack of bristles around the beak.
463:
All eared nightjars feed almost entirely on insects caught in flight, typically moths and beetles. They hunt at twilight and in the night, and eat their prey on the wing. The flight is buoyant and twisting, and may be interspersed with periods of resting on the ground, a road, or in a tree. These
409:
at the back of the eye. The beaks are small, but these birds have a very large gape for catching insects in flight. The feet and legs are small and weak, and the toes are partly webbed. The middle toe's claw has a comb-like pecten on its inner edge, which may be used for plumage care.
201:. They are long winged birds with plumage patterned with grey and brown to camouflage them when resting on the ground. They feed on insects caught in flight. A single white egg is laid directly on the ground and incubated by both adults. The chicks can walk soon after hatching.
421:(Great and Malaysian) have "ear tufts" at the rear of the crown. The songs of these birds are three or more repeated notes, sometimes with whistles or bubbling sounds, and are typically given at dawn or dusk.
429:
The eared nightjars are found from China through
Southeast Asia to Australia. Tropical populations are mostly sedentary, but the two Australian species (spotted and white-throated nightjars) are
417:
patterned with browns and greys, to make these ground-nesting birds difficult to see when resting during the day. Some species have white patches in the wings, and the two in the genus
546:
Barrowclough, George F.; Groth, Jeff G. & Mertz, Lisa A. (2006). "The RAG-1 exon in the avian order
Caprimulgiformes: phylogeny, heterozygosity, and base composition".
581:
Braun, MJ; Huddleston, Christopher J. (2009). "A molecular phylogenetic survey of caprimulgiform nightbirds illustrates the utility of non-coding sequences".
240:
of the
Caprimulgidae but some studies have them as a sister group, while others treat them as a clade within the caprimulgids; others consider that the genus
638:"A molecular phylogeny of the nightjars (Aves: Caprimulgidae) suggests extensive conservation of primitive morphological traits across multiple lineages"
491:
637:
692:
Han, K.-L.; M.B. Robbins & M.J. Braun (2010). "A multi-gene estimate of phylogeny in the nightjars and nighthawks (Caprimulgidae)".
361:
795:
492:"A molecular phylogenetic survey of the nightjars and allies (Caprimulgiformes) with special emphasis on the potóos (Nyctibiidae)"
455:
sounds. The eggs hatch in three to four weeks, and the young can walk soon after hatching. The chicks are fed by both parents.
55:
814:
273:
376:
522:
324:
315:
38:
288:
617:
233:, Chordelinae, and the typical nightjars Caprimulginae. The eared nightjars are sometimes considered a
385:
668:
30:
788:
Nightjars: A Guide to the
Nightjars, Frogmouths, Potoos, Oilbird and Owlet-nightjars of the World
50:
791:
709:
660:
598:
563:
514:
347:
701:
652:
590:
555:
506:
306:
297:
210:
406:
338:
430:
808:
280:
705:
656:
594:
559:
447:
450:. The female incubates the egg during the day, relying mainly on the excellent
451:
446:
No nest is built, the single white egg is laid directly on to the ground or
418:
368:
234:
230:
214:
187:
110:
67:
713:
664:
602:
567:
510:
518:
229:. The latter family is normally split into two subfamilies, the American
226:
175:
130:
120:
87:
464:
birds drink in flight, gliding low over the water and dipping the beak.
414:
332:
222:
179:
183:
77:
247:
The eared nightjars consist of seven extant species in two genera,
213:
contains several families of nocturnal insectivores, these are the
636:
Larsen, C; Michael Speed; Nicholas Harvey; Harry A. Noyes (2007).
433:. These are birds of open woodland or forest clearings and edges.
218:
191:
171:
619:
Molecular systematics of nightjars and nighthawks (Caprimulgidae)
97:
178:
family, although the taxonomy is uncertain. There are seven
190:
from China to
Australia. Five species are placed in the
8:
747:
745:
743:
741:
768:
766:
29:
20:
405:They are nocturnal and have a reflective
257:
473:
325:New Caledonian white-throated nightjar
786:Cleere, Nigel; Nurney, David (1998).
694:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
645:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
583:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
548:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
499:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
7:
625:(MS Thesis). University of Maryland.
490:Mariaux, J; Michael J Braun (1996).
14:
360:
272:
54:
329:Eurostopodus (mystacalis) exsul
170:are a small group of nocturnal
1:
706:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.01.023
657:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.10.005
595:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.08.025
560:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.013
197:, the other two species in
831:
790:. Pica/Christopher Helm.
780:General and cited sources
751:Cleere (1998) pp. 174–184
735:Cleere (1998) pp. 106–112
244:may not be monophyletic.
151:
146:
51:Scientific classification
49:
37:
28:
23:
425:Distribution and habitat
377:Malaysian eared nightjar
352:Eurostopodus nigripennis
772:Cleere (1998) pp. 32–33
760:Cleere (1998) pp. 24–35
320:Eurostopodus mystacalis
316:White-throated nightjar
311:Eurostopodus diabolicus
43:Eurostopodus mystacalis
39:White-throated nightjar
511:10.1006/mpev.1996.0073
343:Eurostopodus papuensis
293:Eurostopodus archboldi
616:Kin-Lan Han (2006).
386:Great eared nightjar
381:Lyncornis temminckii
726:Cleere (1998) p. 24
480:Cleere (1998) p. 15
289:Archbold's nightjar
390:Lyncornis macrotis
335:(mid-20th century)
302:Eurostopodus argus
182:, mainly found in
16:Subfamily of birds
397:
396:
348:Solomons nightjar
164:
163:
822:
815:Caprimulgiformes
801:
773:
770:
761:
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752:
749:
736:
733:
727:
724:
718:
717:
689:
683:
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667:. Archived from
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607:
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578:
572:
571:
543:
537:
536:
534:
533:
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521:. Archived from
496:
487:
481:
478:
431:partial migrants
364:
307:Satanic nightjar
298:Spotted nightjar
276:
258:
211:Caprimulgiformes
121:Caprimulgiformes
59:
58:
33:
21:
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479:
475:
470:
461:
444:
439:
427:
413:The plumage is
407:tapetum lucidum
402:
339:Papuan nightjar
267:Living species
207:
168:eared nightjars
156:
53:
24:Eared nightjar
17:
12:
11:
5:
828:
826:
818:
817:
807:
806:
803:
802:
796:
781:
778:
775:
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762:
753:
737:
728:
719:
700:(2): 443–453.
684:
651:(3): 789–796.
628:
608:
573:
538:
505:(2): 228–244.
482:
472:
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469:
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238:Eurostopodinae
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149:
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141:Eurostopodinae
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35:
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2:
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797:1-873403-48-8
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674:on 2012-03-02
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650:
646:
639:
632:
629:
621:
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596:
592:
589:(3): 948–60.
588:
584:
577:
574:
569:
565:
561:
557:
554:(1): 238–48.
553:
549:
542:
539:
528:on 2012-02-27
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131:Caprimulgidae
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40:
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27:
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787:
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697:
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676:. Retrieved
669:the original
648:
644:
631:
618:
611:
586:
582:
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551:
547:
541:
530:. Retrieved
523:the original
502:
498:
485:
476:
462:
445:
428:
412:
403:
389:
380:
367:
351:
342:
328:
319:
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281:Eurostopodus
279:
252:
249:Eurostopodus
248:
246:
242:Eurostopodus
241:
237:
208:
198:
195:Eurostopodus
194:
167:
165:
157:
154:Eurostopodus
153:
152:
140:
104:
42:
18:
448:leaf litter
415:cryptically
400:Description
331:– possibly
137:Subfamily:
678:2009-11-09
532:2009-11-09
452:camouflage
231:nighthawks
215:frogmouths
209:The order
468:Citations
437:Behaviour
419:Lyncornis
369:Lyncornis
253:Lyncornis
235:subfamily
227:nightjars
199:Lyncornis
158:Lyncornis
111:Strisores
74:Kingdom:
68:Eukaryota
809:Category
714:20123032
665:17123840
603:19720151
568:16814574
442:Breeding
225:and the
205:Taxonomy
176:nightjar
127:Family:
88:Chordata
84:Phylum:
78:Animalia
64:Domain:
519:8899725
459:Feeding
333:extinct
223:oilbird
180:species
174:in the
147:Genera
117:Order:
94:Class:
794:
712:
663:
601:
566:
517:
221:, the
219:potoos
217:, the
184:forest
672:(PDF)
641:(PDF)
623:(PDF)
526:(PDF)
495:(PDF)
264:Genus
261:Image
192:genus
188:scrub
172:birds
105:Clade
792:ISBN
710:PMID
661:PMID
599:PMID
564:PMID
515:PMID
251:and
186:and
166:The
98:Aves
702:doi
653:doi
591:doi
556:doi
507:doi
388:,
379:,
341:,
318:,
309:,
300:,
291:,
811::
765:^
740:^
708:.
698:55
696:.
659:.
649:42
647:.
643:.
597:.
587:53
585:.
562:.
552:41
550:.
513:.
501:.
497:.
350:,
327:,
255::
107::
45:)
800:.
716:.
704::
681:.
655::
605:.
593::
570:.
558::
535:.
509::
503:6
41:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
