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substituted for those commodities which become too expensive. Additionally the fixed stock of most mineral commodities is huge (e.g., copper within the Earth's crust given current rates of consumption would last for more than 100 million years.) Nonetheless, economic geologists continue to successfully expand and define known mineral resources.
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Mineral resources are concentrations of minerals significant for current and future societal needs. Ore is classified as mineralization economically and technically feasible for extraction. Not all mineralization meets these criteria for various reasons. The specific categories of mineralization in
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of ore deposits plus the minerals associated with ore deposits. Though metals, minerals and other geologic commodities are non-renewable in human time frames, the impression of a fixed or limited stock paradigm of scarcity has always led to human innovation resulting in a replacement commodity
856:
Pohl W.L. (2020) Economic
Geology, Principles and Practice: Metals, Minerals, Coal and Hydrocarbons – an Introduction to Formation and Sustainable Exploitation of Mineral Deposits. 2nd ed. 755 pp. 32 Colour Plates, 305 Figures, 32 Tables, 25 Boxes, 81 Equations. Schweizerbart Science
582:. Economic geology is a subdiscipline of the geosciences; according to Lindgren (1933) it is “the application of geology”. It may be called the scientific study of the Earth's sources of mineral raw materials and the practical application of the acquired knowledge.
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Economic geology is studied and practiced by geologists. Economic geology may be of interest to other professions such as engineers, environmental scientists and conservationists because of the far-reaching impact that
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The study is primarily focused on metallic mineral deposits and mineral resources. The techniques employed by other Earth science disciplines (such as
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is concerned with earth materials that can be used for economic and industrial purposes. These materials include precious and
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and the processes within the Earth's crust that form and concentrate ore minerals into economically viable quantities.
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species can have concentrations of uranium in their bodies 300 times higher than in the surrounding environment.
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The “chessboard” classification scheme of mineral deposits: Mineralogy and geology from aluminum to zirconium.
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U.S. Geological Survey
Circular 831, Principles of a Resource/Reserve Classification for Minerals (PDF format)
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include those potentially economically and technically feasible and those that are not
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The purpose of the study of economic geology is to gain understanding of the
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J.E. Tilton, 2010, "Is
Mineral Depletion a threat to sustainable mining?",
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or prospects of geological interest but not necessarily economic interest
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in process, a common way to study the lithology when drilling oil wells.
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Publishers, Stuttgart. www.schweizerbart.de/9783510654352 (Soft Cover)
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to quantify economic ore bodies. The ultimate aim of this process is
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Lindgren, W., 1933. Mineral
Deposits. 930 pp. McGraw-Hill, New York.
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is of prime importance to the delineation of economic reserves of
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Valuation (finance) § Valuation of mining projects
30:"Economic Geology" redirects here. For the journal, see
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Science concerned with earth materials of economic value
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Earth-Science
Reviews Volume 100, pp. 1–420, 2010
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440:Lists of geological features of the Solar System
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224:Principle of lateral continuity
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234:Principle of faunal succession
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1410:Iron oxide copper gold (IOCG)
738:and resource estimation via
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868:The Geology of Ore Deposits
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1586:Composition and structure
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204:Stratigraphic principles
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1860:Forensic geophysics
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1577:Timeline of geology
1529:Glossary of geology
1469:Minerals portal
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728:mineral exploration
654:Mineral occurrences
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302:Landform structures
183:Geologic time scale
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1559:History of geology
1534:History of geology
1524:Outline of geology
899:Dill, H.G., 2010.
838:Geology portal
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767:See main articles
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709:structural geology
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293:Structure of Earth
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596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
573:
562:
557:
555:
550:
548:
543:
542:
540:
539:
534:
529:
524:
523:
522:
521:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
459:
454:
451:
450:
446:
443:
441:
438:
437:
434:
429:
428:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
401:
394:
393:
386:
383:
381:
378:
377:
373:
369:
366:
364:
361:
360:
354:
353:
345:
342:
341:
336:
333:
332:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
311:Geomorphology
309:
308:
303:
300:
299:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
283:Sedimentology
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
270:
265:
262:
261:
254:
253:
245:
244:Walther's law
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
211:
206:
205:
201:
200:
193:
192:
184:
181:
179:
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
161:
160:
155:
152:
149:
146:
144:
141:
139:
135:
132:
130:
127:
126:
119:
118:
111:
107:
104:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
83:
81:
80:
76:
71:
67:
66:
63:
62:
57:
53:
49:
48:
41:
35:
34:
19:
1944:
1932:
1913:
1824:
1813:Applications
1784:Geomagnetism
1708:Hydrogeology
1641:Paleontology
1636:Stratigraphy
1603:Geochemistry
1460:
1140:Chalcopyrite
942:ore deposits
938:Ore minerals
900:
880:
875:
867:
862:
852:
778:
766:
725:
721:metasomatism
717:metamorphism
713:geochemistry
706:
695:
681:
666:Ore reserves
665:
659:
653:
647:
631:localization
624:
611:
603:paleontology
587:geochemistry
584:
571:
570:
452:
397:Applications
379:
334:
301:
273:Geochemistry
263:
202:
74:
59:
32:
1884:Occupations
1865:Meteoritics
1731:Cartography
1687:Volcanology
1672:Geodynamics
1224:Pentlandite
1200:Molybdenite
967:Cassiterite
816:Ore genesis
732:geochemical
702:ore genesis
692:Ore genesis
683:Citrobacter
576:base metals
404:Engineering
326:Volcanology
264:Composition
148:Metamorphic
143:Sedimentary
1845:Geobiology
1820:Biogeology
1799:Seismology
1776:Geophysics
1703:Glaciology
1608:Mineralogy
1368:Wolframite
1344:Sperrylite
1253:Carbonates
1236:Sphalerite
1205:molybdenum
1152:Chalcocite
1055:Pyrolusite
844:References
595:geophysics
591:mineralogy
316:Glaciology
278:Mineralogy
173:Weathering
1891:Geologist
1746:Geomatics
1613:Petrology
1517:Overviews
1356:Scheelite
1337:beryllium
1325:aluminium
1285:Malachite
1278:magnesium
1273:Magnesite
1266:magnesium
1176:Cobaltite
1116:Argentite
1104:Acanthite
1079:Uraninite
1067:Tantalite
1060:manganese
1043:Magnetite
1007:Columbite
785:petroleum
599:petrology
414:Forensics
368:Geologist
288:Petrology
1962:Category
1373:tungsten
1361:tungsten
1349:platinum
1261:Dolomite
1164:Cinnabar
1096:Sulfides
1072:tantalum
1036:titanium
1031:Ilmenite
1019:Hematite
1000:tantalum
984:chromium
979:Chromite
883:, No. 82
795:See also
736:drilling
419:Military
357:Research
154:Sediment
129:Minerals
110:Timeline
101:Glossary
96:Category
52:a series
50:Part of
1946:Geology
1934:Geology
1723:Geodesy
1510:Geology
1440:Uranium
1320:Bauxite
1169:mercury
1128:Bornite
1084:uranium
1012:niobium
996:niobium
759:Mud log
627:genesis
462:Mercury
380:Methods
178:Erosion
138:Igneous
106:History
91:Outline
61:Geology
1313:barium
1308:Baryte
1290:copper
1229:nickel
1212:Pyrite
1188:Galena
1181:cobalt
1157:copper
1145:copper
1133:copper
1121:silver
1109:silver
991:Coltan
959:Oxides
744:mining
512:Charon
502:Triton
409:Mining
257:Topics
168:Strata
1696:Water
1332:Beryl
1301:Other
507:Pluto
497:Titan
487:Ceres
482:Vesta
467:Venus
372:List)
86:Index
1241:zinc
1217:iron
1193:lead
1048:iron
1024:iron
998:and
950:Ores
821:Coal
789:coal
787:and
771:and
769:Coal
629:and
605:and
477:Mars
472:Moon
134:Rock
972:tin
811:Ore
698:ore
673:Ore
1964::
746:.
711:,
601:,
597:,
593:,
589:,
492:Io
54:on
1502:e
1495:t
1488:v
1375:)
1371:(
1363:)
1359:(
1351:)
1347:(
1339:)
1335:(
1327:)
1323:(
1315:)
1311:(
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1288:(
1280:)
1276:(
1268:)
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1243:)
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1231:)
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1219:)
1215:(
1207:)
1203:(
1195:)
1191:(
1183:)
1179:(
1171:)
1167:(
1159:)
1155:(
1147:)
1143:(
1135:)
1131:(
1123:)
1119:(
1111:)
1107:(
1086:)
1082:(
1074:)
1070:(
1062:)
1058:(
1050:)
1046:(
1038:)
1034:(
1026:)
1022:(
1014:)
1010:(
1002:)
994:(
986:)
982:(
974:)
970:(
930:e
923:t
916:v
560:e
553:t
546:v
370:(
150:)
136:(
112:)
108:(
36:.
20:)
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