2087:
1942). Some mills were located on the branches of the
Chicago River emanating from the downtown area, but the largest mills were located along the Calumet River and Lake Calumet in the far south of the city. Over 200,000 people were employed in the steel industry at its peak in the 1950s and 1960s, but mass layoffs in the 1970s and 1980s devastated many working class south side neighborhoods that were heavily dependent on industrial jobs. Downsizing and plant closures continued into the 1990s and 2000s, and the US Dept of Commerce estimates that today fewer than 25,000 people are employed in the steel industry in the Chicago–Joliet–Naperville, IL–IN–WI
49:
19:
596:
3109:
4036:
3124:
3061:
3051:
4046:
1892:
2086:
During World War II, the steel mills in the city of
Chicago alone accounted for 20% of all steel production in the United States and 10% of global production. The city produced more steel than the United Kingdom during the war, and surpassed Nazi Germany's output in 1943 (after barely missing in
2063:; this was located at 4450 Ravenswood Avenue in 1946, and produced "very expensive, beautifully-designed, chrome-plated chassis". It added "a line of high-quality television sets in 1949". Other entrants in this business were
2133:
Chicago has produced many of the foremost industrialists, corporate lawyers, merchants, and financiers in United States history. Among the foremost of the
Chicago industrialists, lawyers, financiers, and merchants were
4087:
110:
293:
627:
2616:
4080:
331:
3969:
3533:
3186:
285:
174:
3819:
355:
3493:
3097:
75:
4073:
3285:
3513:
3366:
2960:
95:
3857:
3776:
2884:
2340:
1408:
620:
3389:
3706:
3523:
3964:
3766:
3908:
3346:
3258:
3135:
759:
613:
277:
3979:
3761:
3475:
2847:
200:
195:
3872:
4604:
4407:
4371:
4018:
3814:
3784:
3471:
3213:
2948:
578:
518:
65:
2624:
48:
3789:
3726:
3158:
3090:
272:
85:
4008:
3736:
3309:
3238:
3009:
2048:
3926:
3691:
3673:
3304:
3294:
3198:
190:
4397:
3831:
3746:
3616:
3596:
3508:
3427:
3422:
3334:
3324:
3233:
3203:
3127:
254:
154:
70:
3503:
3228:
3173:
123:
1519:, Chicago was ranked as having the 20th most competitive financial center in the world and sixth-most competitive in the United States (after
4039:
3991:
3751:
3683:
3588:
3584:
3559:
3459:
3444:
3314:
3248:
3143:
3083:
547:
164:
80:
58:
32:
3756:
3741:
3696:
3528:
3404:
3218:
3016:
350:
216:
3794:
3488:
3483:
3319:
2448:
90:
4464:
3916:
3731:
3626:
3439:
3412:
3181:
2283:
378:
182:
144:
3936:
3075:
4499:
3986:
3841:
3836:
3809:
3701:
3569:
2812:
2778:
1743:
574:
557:
552:
413:
4594:
3954:
3804:
3606:
3574:
3454:
3351:
3278:
3193:
2965:
2891:
2068:
1341:
531:
508:
139:
4534:
4494:
4155:
3959:
3826:
3449:
3329:
3289:
3153:
783:
448:
408:
360:
241:
221:
100:
3921:
4584:
4524:
3721:
2992:
1516:
1489:
498:
438:
246:
231:
149:
1960:. It quickly became known for its ruthless practice of buying out or destroying the competition, as most private traders in
687:
and making
Chicago's gross metropolitan product (GMP) the third largest in the United States, The city is home to several
4539:
4504:
4443:
4340:
3931:
3711:
3549:
3394:
3263:
3253:
2088:
1914:
453:
418:
262:
236:
169:
4549:
4484:
4474:
4423:
4096:
4049:
4013:
3799:
3611:
3498:
3341:
3113:
2921:
2219:
463:
398:
388:
267:
226:
40:
2477:
4625:
4599:
4428:
4265:
3273:
3243:
3223:
3148:
2982:
2926:
2591:
2118:
1667:
1493:
1481:
513:
321:
159:
2423:
2020:
to the production process and significantly reduced costs, while early in the 20th century, the city was part of the
762:, Lakeshore East development, and the 300 North Lasalle office building are projects completed after 2000. Since the
2029:
4554:
3518:
3299:
3268:
2852:
2837:
2243:
1993:
1324:
680:
468:
345:
2520:
4574:
4489:
4387:
4305:
4270:
3668:
3417:
3356:
3208:
3031:
2955:
2933:
2052:
1730:
950:
798:
644:
488:
403:
2370:
2267:
4544:
4345:
4250:
4210:
4054:
3716:
3384:
2056:
1520:
899:
865:
731:
656:
458:
2060:
750:. Three Fortune 500 companies left Chicago in 2022, leaving the city with 35, still second to New York City.
4559:
4514:
4310:
4300:
4295:
4275:
3898:
3867:
3663:
3638:
3554:
2874:
2832:
2350:
2315:
2263:
1985:
1793:
806:
539:
473:
428:
2013:
802:
4529:
4519:
4402:
4225:
4140:
3946:
3658:
3432:
3036:
3004:
2311:
2275:
2223:
2114:
1895:
1869:
1843:
1578:
1497:
1485:
1430:
882:
775:
719:
695:
443:
433:
22:
2323:
2211:
2191:
2167:
4569:
4260:
4255:
4130:
2975:
2906:
2805:
2659:
2247:
2227:
2187:
2135:
1945:
1641:
1604:
779:
483:
311:
2231:
4589:
4579:
4350:
4315:
4220:
4195:
3601:
2901:
2567:
2239:
2183:
2159:
2151:
2105:. Grain was stored in Chicago, and people began buying contracts on it. Later, people as far away as
1937:
1906:
1426:
1120:
600:
503:
493:
105:
4335:
4285:
4240:
4230:
4215:
4205:
4190:
4170:
4145:
4135:
4125:
2345:
2299:
2295:
2175:
2102:
1706:
1505:
1375:
1086:
1035:
810:
787:
18:
3050:
2545:
1996:
replaced
Deschamps in 1823 but soon went on his own by purchasing all interests of the company in
4564:
4509:
4469:
4355:
4330:
4235:
4175:
4150:
4120:
4110:
3026:
2997:
2938:
2916:
2869:
2842:
2572:
2335:
2303:
2271:
2255:
2235:
2215:
2139:
2064:
1886:
1470:
1466:
1307:
1103:
774:, have been canceled. Many city neighborhoods are gentrifying at a rapid pace as well, including
771:
723:
478:
423:
383:
326:
2259:
2071:, which started manufacturing power supplies in 1928 and went on to automobile radios under the
4065:
2391:"Forecasted Gross Metropolitan Product GMP of the United States in 2020, by metropolitan Area".
4290:
4245:
4185:
4160:
4115:
3564:
3021:
2774:
2493:
2396:
2291:
2195:
2179:
2122:
2101:
Massive amounts of goods passed through
Chicago from places in the Mississippi Valley such as
1973:
1767:
1654:
1273:
794:
743:
562:
2770:
2763:
4320:
4200:
4165:
3888:
3862:
3652:
3379:
3374:
3064:
2987:
2970:
2943:
2862:
2857:
2798:
2449:"Tyson Foods latest large business to flee Chicago, what sparked the exodus? | Fox Business"
2251:
1941:
1680:
1536:
1450:
1290:
316:
2113:
on the goods that would be stored in
Chicago in the future. From this were established the
4392:
4325:
4280:
4180:
3621:
2896:
2505:
2409:
2203:
1977:
1591:
1458:
1446:
1438:
763:
676:
208:
2098:
was
Chicago's largest single employer, with 18,000 workers at the company's South Works.
734:, although Chicago has experienced an exodus of large corporations since 2020, including
3642:
3054:
2911:
2163:
2155:
2147:
2036:
2017:
1981:
1628:
1504:. While the city of Chicago houses most of the major brokerage firms in the area, some
1462:
1454:
1434:
1137:
1052:
1018:
699:
652:
131:
4619:
4448:
4433:
2307:
2287:
2207:
2199:
2143:
2106:
2080:
2076:
1953:
1930:
1926:
1524:
1256:
984:
767:
715:
707:
679:
also play major roles in the city's economy. The total economic output of
Chicago in
660:
4438:
2473:
1474:
1442:
1239:
4002:
3974:
3633:
2279:
1989:
1965:
1957:
1547:
According to Reboot
Illinois, the largest employers in the city of Chicago are:
1528:
747:
739:
711:
688:
684:
648:
3163:
2758:
2319:
2171:
2021:
1949:
1780:
668:
3893:
2110:
2025:
1969:
1693:
1501:
1392:
1358:
782:, Pilsen, Uptown, Near Southside, and Rogers Park. The massive expansion of
672:
2067:, which started life there in 1918, entering auto radios in the 1930s, and
683:
totaled US$ 770.7 billion in 2020, surpassing the total economic output of
3996:
2577:
2095:
2072:
1997:
1806:
1509:
1188:
1001:
916:
664:
1891:
2821:
2655:
2009:
1961:
1856:
1819:
1433:. The largest banks in the Chicago region (by % of deposits) are:
1222:
1171:
640:
3648:
2649:
1532:
1205:
967:
933:
735:
703:
2371:"U.S. metro areas - ranked by Gross Metropolitan Product (GMP) 2020"
2040:
1980:. Their field of operations covered northeastern Illinois and the
1922:
1918:
1890:
727:
1902:
4069:
3079:
2794:
1910:
1154:
1069:
2059:, which introduced a high-grade radio in 1928, and grew into
1952:
companies, practically took control of the fur trade in the
2121:(CME), and the modern systems in use today for futures and
2790:
766:, other projects, such as the planned 150-story 2000 foot
2533:
Chicago has lost three Fortune 500 headquarters in 2022.
2478:"Big Companies Keep Leaving Chicago: What's Going On?"
2055:
kept Grunow alive.) Chicago also hosted E. H. Scott's
675:, transportation, financial trading and services, and
2546:"Death knell for Chicago Spire as receiver appointed"
1976:, and they reported to the company's headquarters on
3514:
Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States
813:
of the value of the residential real estate market.
4457:
4416:
4380:
4364:
4103:
3945:
3907:
3881:
3850:
3775:
3682:
3583:
3542:
3470:
3403:
3365:
3172:
3134:
2282:of the Bunn–Richardson–Stryker–Taylor family (See:
2091:(18,000 of whom are actually in Northwest Indiana.
790:will shape development patterns for years to come.
3858:U.S. International Development Finance Corporation
2762:
2521:"Chicago's Fortune 500 headquarters are shrinking"
2341:List of companies in the Chicago metropolitan area
2008:Late in the 19th century, Chicago was part of the
1933:, where he traded until relocating again in 1800.
1457:. The largest banks headquartered in Chicago are:
801:are publicly tracked on a regular basis using the
2673:Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877-1925
3707:Office of the United States Trade Representative
2424:"Chicago's 50 Largest Publicly Traded Companies"
2744:
2742:
2705:
2703:
2617:"Chicago employers that provide the most jobs"
1925:post in the area, which later became known as
4081:
3091:
2806:
809:and is also a component of S&P's 10-city
621:
8:
4097:Economy of the United States by jurisdiction
3762:United States International Trade Commission
2769:. New York, New York: Basic Books. p.
2688:(Antiques Electronics Supply, 1990), p.107.
4088:
4074:
4066:
4045:
3727:United States Trade and Development Agency
3098:
3084:
3076:
2813:
2799:
2791:
1992:and eventually became head of the outfit.
628:
614:
86:Industrial Revolution in the United States
27:
3737:Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
2727:Scott himself quit in 1945. Mahon, p.167.
2049:Majestic Radio and Television Corporation
2047:brand until the company failed in 1934. (
1473:. Many financial institutions are in the
1429:, established in 1914. There is also the
1549:
17:
3873:Export–Import Bank of the United States
2675:(New York: Bonanza Books, 1950), p.178.
2592:"The Global Financial Centres Index 28"
2362:
39:
2648:The Ride to Modernity: The Bicycle in
2501:
2491:
2405:
2394:
3752:Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
7:
3927:2008–2010 automotive industry crisis
3757:National Credit Union Administration
3742:Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
1921:-born fur trader, established a fur
2051:preserved the Majestic name, while
2032:, which was founded there in 1907.
91:History of the United States dollar
3747:Securities and Exchange Commission
2519:Dylan Sharkey (October 17, 2022).
2284:John Whitfield Bunn and Jacob Bunn
754:Real estate and corporate location
14:
2548:. The Boston Irish Emigrant. 2010
1756:Northwestern Memorial Healthcare
1744:University of Illinois at Chicago
1480:Chicago has five major financial
1431:Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago
4044:
4035:
4034:
3607:Bureau of Engraving and Printing
3123:
3122:
3107:
3060:
3059:
3049:
2069:Galvin Manufacturing Corporation
1917:, the area's first resident and
1901:Before it was incorporated as a
1342:Packaging Corporation of America
820:
805:; the statistic is published by
594:
47:
2686:A Flick of the Switch 1930–1950
1832:Rush University Medical Center
4009:List of Americans by net worth
3722:National Labor Relations Board
3128:Companies of the United States
2597:. Long Finance. September 2020
1517:Global Financial Centres Index
1490:Chicago Board Options Exchange
106:United States dollar § History
1:
4444:Pine Ridge Indian Reservation
3937:China–United States trade war
3732:Customs and Border Protection
3712:Small Business Administration
3395:Metropolitan Statistical Area
2568:"Fortune 500 2017: Full List"
2089:Metropolitan Statistical Area
1964:soon found out. It appointed
1944:to compete with the powerful
1915:Jean Baptiste Pointe du Sable
1409:Companies in the Chicago area
4050:Outline of the United States
3114:Economy of the United States
2637:DuSable Heritage Association
1508:are in the suburbs, such as
1441:(through its acquisition of
833:with metro and U.S. rankings
784:O'Hare International Airport
294:Companies listed on the NYSE
41:Economy of the United States
4429:Flathead Indian Reservation
3932:2008 economic stimulus plan
3524:Water supply and sanitation
2429:. Loyola University Chicago
2119:Chicago Mercantile Exchange
2075:marque in 1930, as well as
2053:General Household Utilities
1668:United Continental Holdings
1494:Chicago Mercantile Exchange
1425:The city houses one of the
786:and recently reconstructed
4642:
3922:2007–2008 financial crisis
3692:Department of the Treasury
2268:William Douglas Richardson
2244:Nathaniel Kellogg Fairbank
2109:began buying contracts by
1884:
1325:Old Republic International
827:companies in metro Chicago
681:gross metropolitan product
4027:
3851:International development
3669:Intercontinental Exchange
3120:
3045:
2848:Colleges and universities
2828:
2765:How We Got Here: The '70s
2057:Scott Transformer Company
1988:was brought in to assist
1940:, established in 1808 by
1731:Chicago Transit Authority
1403:
823:
799:Chicago metropolitan area
373:Economy by city or county
4398:Northern Mariana Islands
4055:Economy of North America
3917:2006–2012 housing bubble
3717:Internal Revenue Service
3385:Targeted Employment Area
2061:Scott Radio Laboratories
2024:revolution, hosting the
1929:, along the bank of the
866:Walgreens Boots Alliance
732:United Airlines Holdings
601:United States portal
31:This article is part of
3899:Pathways out of Poverty
3868:Build Back Better World
3820:State unemployment rate
3684:Government institutions
3664:New York Board of Trade
3639:New York Stock Exchange
2351:Great Lakes Megalopolis
2316:Gustavus Franklin Swift
2264:William McCormick Blair
1972:as its first agents in
1913:trading. In the 1790s,
1794:Northwestern University
1617:Advocate Health System
356:State unemployment rate
4019:Science and technology
3785:International rankings
3697:Department of Commerce
3659:Chicago Board of Trade
3367:Special Economic Zones
2621:www.rebootillinois.com
2373:. Statista. 2021-01-20
2312:Philip Danforth Armour
2224:Milo Barnum Richardson
2115:Chicago Board of Trade
1898:
1896:Chicago Board of Trade
1870:Northern Trust Company
1844:Archdiocese of Chicago
1579:Chicago Public Schools
1498:Chicago Board of Trade
1486:Chicago Stock Exchange
951:Mondelēz International
883:Archer Daniels Midland
720:Mondelez International
696:Archer Daniels Midland
25:
23:Chicago Board of Trade
3159:Industrial Revolution
2660:University of Toronto
2136:John Villiers Farwell
2039:, which manufactured
2014:Western Wheel Company
1905:in 1833, the primary
1894:
1885:Further information:
1642:University of Chicago
1605:Cook County, Illinois
1427:Federal Reserve Banks
830:according to revenues
807:Standard & Poor's
694:companies, including
21:
4372:District of Columbia
3882:Economic initiatives
2662:Press, 2001), p.107.
2276:James Monroe Stryker
2184:Cyrus Hall McCormick
2160:Richard Teller Crane
2035:It was also home to
1938:American Fur Company
1510:Allstate Corporation
1405:Further information:
351:State credit ratings
175:Water and sanitation
66:Agricultural history
4417:Indian Reservations
4408:U.S. Virgin Islands
4014:American economists
3702:Department of Labor
3543:Law and regulations
3390:Foreign Trade Zones
2476:(October 6, 2022).
2453:www.foxbusiness.com
2346:Economy of Illinois
2326:, and many others.
2324:Jonathan Y. Scammon
2192:Charles Banks Shedd
2176:John Whitfield Bunn
2168:John Jacob Glessner
2103:St. Louis, Missouri
2016:, which introduced
1986:Charles H. Beaubien
1946:Canadian North West
1881:Historic highlights
1707:Abbott Laboratories
1506:insurance companies
1418:: Fortune 500 2017
1376:Arthur J. Gallagher
1087:Illinois Tool Works
1036:Abbott Laboratories
825:Top publicly traded
788:Dan Ryan Expressway
760:Trump Tower Chicago
651:companies and is a
4626:Economy of Chicago
4458:Cities or counties
3992:National Standards
3832:Standard of living
3597:Financial services
3509:Illegal drug trade
3325:Telecommunications
2504:has generic name (
2336:Tourism in Chicago
2318:, Michael Morris,
2304:John Peter Altgeld
2248:Ezra Butler McCagg
2236:Arthur Jerome Eddy
2228:Joseph Edward Otis
2220:Leonard Richardson
2188:Edward Avery Shedd
2140:Edmund Dick Taylor
2083:and for the Army.
2012:craze, as home to
1899:
1887:History of Chicago
1471:First Midwest Bank
1467:Wintrust Financial
1308:Motorola Solutions
1104:Discover Financial
803:Case–Shiller index
772:Santiago Calatrava
724:Motorola Solutions
255:Financial services
26:
4613:
4612:
4424:Black Feet Nation
4063:
4062:
3565:Right-to-work law
3073:
3072:
2956:Metropolitan area
2684:Mahon, Morgan E.
2646:Norcliffe, Glen.
2523:. Illinois Policy
2472:Jordan Valensky,
2404:Missing or empty
2232:Frank Hatch Jones
2196:Leander McCormick
2180:John Graves Shedd
2123:commodity trading
2004:Industrialization
1994:Gurdon S. Hubbard
1974:northern Illinois
1878:
1877:
1768:American Airlines
1681:AT&T Illinois
1655:State of Illinois
1543:Largest employers
1453:subsidiary), and
1423:
1422:
1274:Dover Corporation
638:
637:
563:Right-to-work law
286:Largest companies
76:Petroleum history
4633:
4605:Washington, D.C.
4365:Federal District
4090:
4083:
4076:
4067:
4048:
4047:
4038:
4037:
3889:AmeriCorps VISTA
3863:Blue Dot Network
3653:NASDAQ Composite
3560:Child labor laws
3534:Trading partners
3380:Opportunity Zone
3375:Empowerment Zone
3315:Renewable energy
3126:
3125:
3112:
3111:
3110:
3100:
3093:
3086:
3077:
3063:
3062:
3053:
2815:
2808:
2801:
2792:
2785:
2784:
2768:
2755:
2749:
2746:
2737:
2734:
2728:
2725:
2719:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2698:
2695:
2689:
2682:
2676:
2669:
2663:
2644:
2638:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2623:. Archived from
2613:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2596:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2528:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2503:
2499:
2497:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2428:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2407:
2402:
2400:
2392:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2378:
2367:
2252:Julius Rosenwald
1942:John Jacob Astor
1719:Presence Health
1567:U.S. Government
1550:
1537:Washington, D.C.
1484:, including the
1291:Tree House Foods
821:
630:
623:
616:
603:
599:
598:
597:
519:Washington, D.C.
361:Union membership
340:State statistics
306:Economy by state
183:Secondary sector
111:History by state
59:Economic history
51:
28:
4641:
4640:
4636:
4635:
4634:
4632:
4631:
4630:
4616:
4615:
4614:
4609:
4453:
4412:
4376:
4360:
4099:
4094:
4064:
4059:
4023:
3941:
3903:
3877:
3846:
3771:
3678:
3579:
3538:
3466:
3399:
3361:
3286:Pharmaceuticals
3168:
3154:American System
3149:American School
3130:
3116:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3074:
3069:
3041:
2853:Community areas
2824:
2819:
2789:
2788:
2781:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2747:
2740:
2735:
2731:
2726:
2722:
2717:
2713:
2708:
2701:
2696:
2692:
2683:
2679:
2671:Clymer, Floyd.
2670:
2666:
2645:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2551:
2549:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2526:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2500:
2490:
2483:
2481:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2457:
2455:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2403:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2376:
2374:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2359:
2332:
2272:Charles Farwell
2240:Arthur J. Caton
2216:Francis Peabody
2204:Charles Deering
2131:
2006:
1978:Mackinac Island
1889:
1883:
1592:City of Chicago
1545:
1459:BMO Harris Bank
1447:BMO Harris Bank
1439:Bank of America
1411:
1407:
900:United Airlines
831:
829:
826:
819:
811:composite index
764:Great Recession
756:
677:food processing
634:
595:
593:
592:
585:
584:
534:
524:
523:
374:
366:
365:
307:
299:
298:
278:Stock exchanges
217:Social programs
209:Tertiary sector
126:
116:
115:
71:Banking history
61:
12:
11:
5:
4639:
4637:
4629:
4628:
4618:
4617:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4575:Salt Lake City
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4420:
4418:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4388:American Samoa
4384:
4382:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4374:
4368:
4366:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4306:South Carolina
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4271:North Carolina
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4107:
4105:
4101:
4100:
4095:
4093:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4070:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4052:
4042:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3962:
3957:
3951:
3949:
3947:Related topics
3943:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3913:
3911:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3795:Social welfare
3792:
3787:
3781:
3779:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3688:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3646:
3643:NYSE Composite
3636:
3631:
3630:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3593:
3591:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3494:Postal history
3491:
3489:Communications
3486:
3484:Transportation
3480:
3478:
3476:infrastructure
3468:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3442:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3433:Oil refineries
3430:
3420:
3415:
3409:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3371:
3369:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3234:Electric power
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3178:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3140:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3095:
3088:
3080:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3057:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3034:
3032:Transportation
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3005:Public schools
3002:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2888:
2887:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2795:
2787:
2786:
2779:
2750:
2738:
2729:
2720:
2711:
2699:
2690:
2677:
2664:
2639:
2630:
2627:on 2014-05-31.
2608:
2583:
2559:
2537:
2511:
2464:
2440:
2415:
2383:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2331:
2328:
2164:Martin Ryerson
2156:Marshall Field
2148:George Pullman
2130:
2129:Notable people
2127:
2037:Grigsby-Grunow
2005:
2002:
1982:Illinois River
1956:following the
1882:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1867:
1863:
1862:
1859:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1670:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1629:JPMorgan Chase
1626:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1544:
1541:
1463:Northern Trust
1455:Northern Trust
1435:JPMorgan Chase
1421:
1420:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1138:W. W. Grainger
1135:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1053:Conagra Brands
1050:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1019:Sears Holdings
1016:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1004:
999:
997:
993:
992:
989:
987:
982:
980:
976:
975:
972:
970:
965:
963:
959:
958:
955:
953:
948:
946:
942:
941:
938:
936:
931:
929:
925:
924:
921:
919:
914:
912:
908:
907:
904:
902:
897:
895:
891:
890:
887:
885:
880:
878:
874:
873:
870:
868:
863:
861:
857:
856:
851:
849:
844:
842:
836:
835:
818:
815:
755:
752:
700:Conagra Brands
653:transportation
647:is home to 35
636:
635:
633:
632:
625:
618:
610:
607:
606:
605:
604:
587:
586:
583:
582:
566:
565:
560:
555:
550:
544:
543:
535:
530:
529:
526:
525:
522:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
489:Salt Lake City
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
375:
372:
371:
368:
367:
364:
363:
358:
353:
348:
342:
341:
337:
336:
329:
324:
319:
314:
308:
305:
304:
301:
300:
297:
296:
290:
289:
281:
280:
275:
270:
265:
259:
258:
250:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
222:Transportation
219:
213:
212:
204:
203:
201:Pulp and paper
198:
196:Iron and steel
193:
187:
186:
178:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
136:
135:
132:Primary sector
127:
122:
121:
118:
117:
114:
113:
108:
103:
101:Tariff History
98:
96:Lumber history
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
62:
57:
56:
53:
52:
44:
43:
37:
36:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4638:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4545:New York City
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4456:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4434:Navajo Nation
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4415:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4379:
4373:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4363:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4346:West Virginia
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4251:New Hampshire
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4211:Massachusetts
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4091:
4086:
4084:
4079:
4077:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4043:
4041:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4026:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4004:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3948:
3944:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3880:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3790:States by GDP
3788:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3774:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3644:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3541:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3413:Energy policy
3411:
3410:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3368:
3364:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
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3214:Biotechnology
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2780:0-465-04195-7
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2748:Mahon, p.110.
2745:
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2736:Mahon, p.189.
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2718:Mahon, p.169.
2715:
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2709:Mahon, p.167.
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2697:Mahon, p.107.
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2502:|author=
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2309:
2308:Walter Gurnee
2305:
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2300:Lucius Teeter
2297:
2296:Lucius Fisher
2293:
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2288:Samuel Insull
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2208:James Deering
2205:
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2200:Stanley Field
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2144:Potter Palmer
2141:
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2108:
2107:New York City
2104:
2099:
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2084:
2082:
2081:Handie-Talkie
2078:
2077:Walkie-talkie
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2019:
2015:
2011:
2003:
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1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
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1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1954:United States
1951:
1947:
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1939:
1934:
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1931:Chicago River
1928:
1927:Fort Dearborn
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1521:New York City
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808:
804:
800:
796:
791:
789:
785:
781:
777:
776:Humboldt Park
773:
770:by architect
769:
768:Chicago Spire
765:
761:
758:The 92-story
753:
751:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
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721:
717:
713:
709:
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670:
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662:
661:Manufacturing
658:
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467:
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460:
459:New York City
457:
455:
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447:
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385:
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369:
362:
359:
357:
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352:
349:
347:
346:State budgets
344:
343:
339:
338:
335:
334:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
309:
303:
302:
295:
292:
291:
288:
287:
283:
282:
279:
276:
274:
273:Largest banks
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
260:
257:
256:
252:
251:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
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109:
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69:
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64:
63:
60:
55:
54:
50:
46:
45:
42:
38:
34:
30:
29:
24:
20:
16:
4560:Philadelphia
4515:Indianapolis
4479:
4439:Osage Nation
4311:South Dakota
4301:Rhode Island
4296:Pennsylvania
4276:North Dakota
4001:
3987:Demographics
3837:Urbanization
3810:Unemployment
3622:Central bank
3570:Minimum wage
3352:Video gaming
2879:
2875:Demographics
2833:Architecture
2764:
2753:
2732:
2723:
2714:
2693:
2685:
2680:
2672:
2667:
2647:
2642:
2633:
2625:the original
2620:
2611:
2601:26 September
2599:. Retrieved
2586:
2571:
2562:
2550:. Retrieved
2540:
2532:
2525:. Retrieved
2514:
2482:. Retrieved
2474:CNN Business
2467:
2456:. Retrieved
2452:
2443:
2431:. Retrieved
2418:
2386:
2375:. Retrieved
2365:
2152:Charles Gray
2132:
2117:(CBOT), the
2100:
2093:
2085:
2044:
2034:
2028:car builder
2007:
1968:and Antoine
1935:
1900:
1546:
1515:In the 2020
1514:
1500:(CBOT), and
1492:(CBOE), the
1479:
1443:LaSalle Bank
1424:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1404:
1240:RR Donnelley
853:
846:
839:
832:
824:
795:house prices
792:
780:Logan Square
757:
689:
657:distribution
639:
575:Unemployment
568:
567:
558:Minimum wage
553:Labor unions
538:
474:Philadelphia
429:Indianapolis
393:
332:
284:
263:Central bank
253:
207:
181:
130:
81:Shipbuilding
15:
4530:Long Island
4520:Kansas City
4500:Door County
4403:Puerto Rico
4381:Territories
4226:Mississippi
4141:Connecticut
4003:Made in USA
3955:Agriculture
3805:Labor force
3777:Development
3634:Wall Street
3627:Other banks
3575:Food safety
3310:Real estate
3279:Gold mining
3239:Electronics
3194:Aquaculture
3037:Visual arts
3017:Skyscrapers
2892:Expressways
2759:Frum, David
2652:, 1869-1900
2552:January 15,
2527:November 9,
2484:November 5,
2480:. WRAL News
2280:Jon Stryker
2256:Morris Selz
1984:. In 1819,
1966:John Kinzie
1958:War of 1812
1529:Los Angeles
1496:(CME), the
1488:(CHX), the
847:Corporation
793:Changes in
748:Tyson Foods
744:Caterpillar
740:Citadel LLC
712:Kraft Heinz
685:Switzerland
649:Fortune 500
645:its suburbs
548:Child labor
444:Long Island
434:Kansas City
414:Door County
155:Electricity
140:Agriculture
4600:Youngstown
4570:Pittsburgh
4535:Louisville
4341:Washington
4261:New Mexico
4256:New Jersey
4131:California
3960:Bankruptcy
3842:Emigration
3827:Corruption
3767:Statistics
3674:Accounting
3550:Tax system
3460:Geothermal
3330:Television
3295:Publishing
3259:Hedge fund
3199:Automotive
3174:Industries
3164:Gilded Age
2949:Newspapers
2939:Literature
2907:Government
2458:2022-11-05
2406:|url=
2377:2022-05-25
2357:References
2320:Jacob Best
2260:Harry Selz
2212:Robert Law
2172:Jacob Bunn
2043:under the
2022:automobile
1950:Hudson Bay
1781:Jewel-Osco
1559:Employees
985:McDonald's
716:McDonald's
669:publishing
569:Employment
514:Youngstown
484:Pittsburgh
449:Louisville
312:California
242:Healthcare
191:Automotive
4590:St. Louis
4580:San Diego
4525:Lexington
4485:Cleveland
4465:Allentown
4351:Wisconsin
4316:Tennessee
4221:Minnesota
4196:Louisiana
3965:Companies
3894:Job Corps
3555:Labor law
3445:Renewable
3428:Oil shale
2993:musicians
2934:Landmarks
2902:Geography
2885:companies
2433:3 January
2292:Max Adler
2111:telegraph
2094:In 1945,
2030:Bugmobile
2026:brass era
1970:Deschamps
1694:Walgreens
1556:Employer
1502:NYSE Arca
1482:exchanges
1393:Essendant
1359:Ingredion
673:insurance
540:Labor Law
504:St. Louis
494:San Diego
439:Lexington
399:Cleveland
379:Allentown
247:Insurance
232:Education
150:Petroleum
4620:Category
4595:Stamford
4490:Columbus
4336:Virginia
4286:Oklahoma
4266:New York
4241:Nebraska
4231:Missouri
4216:Michigan
4206:Maryland
4191:Kentucky
4171:Illinois
4146:Delaware
4136:Colorado
4126:Arkansas
4040:Category
4031:See also
3997:FCC mark
3504:Shipping
3347:Textiles
3290:Pharmacy
3264:Internet
3254:Gambling
3204:Aviation
3182:Industry
3065:Category
2927:timeline
2922:politics
2761:(2000).
2578:CNNMoney
2494:cite web
2397:cite web
2330:See also
2096:US Steel
2073:Motorola
2045:Majestic
2018:stamping
1998:Illinois
1907:industry
1807:Allstate
1189:Navistar
1002:US Foods
917:Allstate
797:for the
665:printing
659:center.
509:Stamford
404:Columbus
322:New York
237:Gambling
170:Forestry
33:a series
4585:Spokane
4565:Phoenix
4550:Norfolk
4540:Memphis
4510:Houston
4495:Detroit
4480:Chicago
4475:Buffalo
4470:Atlanta
4356:Wyoming
4331:Vermont
4236:Montana
4176:Indiana
4156:Georgia
4151:Florida
4121:Arizona
4111:Alabama
3975:Top 500
3970:Largest
3800:Poverty
3617:History
3612:Banking
3589:banking
3585:Finance
3529:Exports
3499:Tourism
3440:Nuclear
3342:Tourism
3335:Digital
3305:Railway
3249:Fishing
3187:History
3144:History
3136:History
3027:Tourism
2998:theater
2961:Museums
2917:History
2880:Economy
2870:Culture
2843:Climate
2838:Beaches
2822:Chicago
2656:Toronto
2573:Fortune
2010:bicycle
1962:Chicago
1923:trading
1919:Haitian
1857:Walmart
1735:11,100
1722:11,959
1711:12,000
1698:13,657
1685:14,000
1672:14,000
1659:14,731
1646:15,452
1633:16,045
1620:18,512
1609:21,482
1596:30,340
1583:39,094
1570:49,400
1223:Anixter
1172:Tenneco
817:Finance
690:Fortune
641:Chicago
499:Spokane
479:Phoenix
464:Norfolk
454:Memphis
424:Houston
409:Detroit
394:Chicago
389:Buffalo
384:Atlanta
333:more...
327:Florida
268:Banking
227:Tourism
165:Fishing
124:Sectors
4449:Seneca
4291:Oregon
4246:Nevada
4186:Kansas
4161:Hawaii
4116:Alaska
3909:Events
3815:Causes
3649:NASDAQ
3602:Dollar
3405:Energy
3274:Mining
3229:Cotton
3224:Coffee
3219:Cement
3055:Portal
3022:Sports
2983:People
2912:Harbor
2777:
2650:Canada
2065:Zenith
2041:radios
1990:Kinzie
1874:6,644
1861:7,260
1848:7,500
1835:7,500
1824:7,667
1811:7,808
1798:9,121
1785:9,155
1772:9,600
1759:9,614
1748:9,900
1535:, and
1533:Boston
1469:, and
1415:Source
1206:Univar
1121:Baxter
968:AbbVie
934:Exelon
746:; and
736:Boeing
730:, and
704:Exelon
579:Causes
160:Mining
145:Energy
35:on the
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