270:. During those years, Romania was the country of its area with the richest tradition in this field." Writing in 2007, Arina Stoenescu, herself an illustrator, recalled the contributions of Rusz, Munteanu and Taru as a defining element of her own childhood reading experience. She argued: "The logotype of Ion Creangă Publishing House became a well known symbol, the distinguishing mark of many books with excellent pictures."
266:
communist period. In her assessment: "Perhaps also because reality was grayer and more deprived of visual stimuli, the books themselves worked as aesthetic markers. The books which have lit my childhood often crossed the borders, were taken into consideration by foreign editors, reaching countries such as
573:
publishing houses were especially active in fulfilling the growing need for German-language books, in particular by presenting special awards to German authors and translators. These activities also incorporated a political aspect: a 1975 official report on cultural policies, which listed Ion Creangă
618:
noted: "In the '80s, reading was the only way to make one's spare time informative and entertaining. Many have forgotten that all they could watch on television amounted to a daily two-hour program, never mind the content..." In the final decade of communist rule, Editura Ion Creangă published some
613:
Progressively in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s, Ion Creangă's projects often stood in contrast with the tightening of political pressures and the economic decline. According to Arina
Stoenescu: "By the end of the communist era, when the poor quality of paper and print made the pictures in
537:
featured original illustrations by Rusz, who relied exclusively on her imagination for depicting the main characters, as the lack of
Tolkien editions in Romania made it impossible for her to find other points of visual reference. Her contribution has nevertheless earned her an international profile
511:
among its protagonists. Colin's rendition, in part a retranslation, parted with other
Romanian versions. These had noted Verne's use of obscure words to designate places and names as his approximate renditions of Romanian, and had sought to reconstruct them into readable Romanian; instead, Colin
265:
From early on, the publishing house became an important venue for the
Romanian school of book illustration. According to visual artist and journalist Cristiana Radu, the company stood for a "richer and more colorful" tradition of visual art for children, which "paradoxically" thrived under the
614:
fiction literature almost unintelligible, the strong colors and powerful black and white illustrations managed to reach the children and offered them a friendlier and happier sight of the world." Looking back on the same interval and the successful Verne collection, writer
665:
secret police oversaw further punitive measures, forcing the early retirement of
Editura Ion Creangă's chief manager Viniciu Gafița and moving proofreader Doina Mandaj, stripped of her political position, to the Albatros group. In the short interval before
250:, who was himself manager of the group in the same decade. Writer and translator Adrian Solomon argued that, "with a few obnoxious exceptions", Editura Ion Creangă mostly published works which generally avoided or went beyond the
702:
318:("The 12 Months of Dreaming. An Anthology of Innocence"), noted for revisiting the Surrealists' visual vocabulary and for subverting the official communist take on culture. Editura Ion Creangă also published, in 1976,
361:
A significant portion of the group's activities was dedicated to translations from foreign literature, some of which marked important moments in local editorial history. Such milestones included several editions of
484:"), translated by Veronica and Ion Mihăileanu. Contrasting it to previous translations from the 1950s, Vida argued that the Mihăileanus' work was better suited to the original text. She also analyzed the relative
713:
process began in 2003, under the watch of the Agency for the
Recovery of State Assets. Editura Ion Creangă effectively closed down, even though the privatization monitoring case was only sealed in November 2009.
488:
that had occurred in the meantime, noting that the new version was more accepting of Verne's references to religion, and lacked the "ridiculous footnotes" which encouraged the reader to interpret the text from a
1699:
533:"). According to journalist Adina Popescu, Ralea's text was "excellent", and the volume itself stood among "the fundamental books of the last generation to have lived its childhood during communism."
717:
Comparing the book illustration scene at Ion Creangă with the post-1989 situation, Cristiana Radu contended that new publishers resorted to "traditional, tame and descriptive variants" or "the
661:
Censors deciphered these messages only after the volume's release, and reported the matter to Ceaușescu personally, leading to an almost complete ban on
Blandiana's work. The
701:
The company faced competition from newly founded independent publishers of children's books, and remained the only publisher in this class to receive subventions from the
1821:
326:, verse in which the author depicted allegorically the "personal hell" of his life during and after communist labor camps. In 1979, another acclaimed edition reissued
1695:
Consideration of the
Reports Submitted by States Parties under Article 44 of the Convention. Periodic Reports of States Parties Due in 1997. Romania (18 January 2000)
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1551:
1419:
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1836:
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was withdrawn from shops, rumors spread about the irritation it caused to communist authorities, and, as a consequence, sales increased significantly.
349:, and who allegedly became the first local comics author to make a living exclusively from his art. In 1974, Ion Creangă also published Mircea Possa's
1831:
1431:
1358:
1124:
1826:
1272:
469:. As noted by Zarafu, management decided in favor of the oldest illustrations only because their copyright had expired. The Verne books were all
1786:
1330:
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851:
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solution", while the public was left without "visual education". In later years, Editura Ion Creangă editions became involved in debates about
634:
became involved in a political scandal involving the highest levels of communist power. Having debuted in children's poetry with the fascicle
1816:
1739:
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and
Kriterion as the year's most significant contributors to the program, explained the role it had in the "communist education of readers".
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1304:
1101:
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Founded in 1969, the publishing house established its reputation during the following two decades. Among its early employees were poet
24:
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In addition to encouraging artistic expression in regular book illustration, Editura Ion Creangă played a part in promoting
Romanian
258:
literature aimed at adults. According to his assessment, while some of the books issued preferred for publishing aimed at attacking "
1530:
1491:
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773:
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1791:
722:
623:
291:
206:
1806:
213:'s poems, which featured allusions to the communist system, resulted in culturally repressive measures personally ordered by
1714:
465:"yellow covers" reader, published as a set of 40 volumes bound in boards and illustrated with copies of the original French
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1396:
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998:
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In additions to adaptations into Romanian, Editura Ion Creangă was noted for a state-assigned translation program into
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954:
888:
679:
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226:
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The group was also active in circulating translated Romanian works for children within the wider world: from 1971,
1183:
1801:
1610:
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works of propaganda for the youth, including communist education teaching aides by Tudor Opriș and Maria Obaciu.
1119:
Mihaela Mudure, "From the Infantile to the Subversive: Swift's Romanian Adventures", in Hermann J. Real (ed.),
884:
404:
218:
262:" society, even they were ambiguous and may not have contributed to indoctrination beyond the facade aspects.
149:
96:
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437:
295:. The latter edition is deemed "legendary" by author György Györfi-Deák. After 1971, the company also issued
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145:
61:
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353:("Titilică, a Fearless Boy"), which some regard as one of the best Romanian comic books in its generation.
726:
346:
229:, but was no longer able to compete with rival companies. It effectively ceased its activity during 2003.
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1526:
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161:
141:
124:
1426:, in Carmen Crișan, István Király V., Cristina Popa, Viorica Sâncrăian, Raluca Soare (eds.),
741:, which, claiming that the communist copyright law was void, had digitized the 1986 edition.
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651:
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586:
516:
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Enlisted by Utan, Rusz contributed drawings to reprints of classical works for children in
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depiction of Ceaușescu, in particular by introducing oblique references to the leader's
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687:
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376:, called "without doubt the best of all so far" by scholar Mihaela Mudure, as well as
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76:
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During the late years of communism, the enterprise was subject to the intervention of
1775:
1417:"Literatura germană pentru copii aparută în România între 1944-1989 - O bibliografie"
1308:
710:
646:("Incidents on My Street"). The latter transformed its hero, Arpagic the Cat, into a
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575:
455:
377:
311:
210:
195:
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by Romanian standards, reportedly selling on average some 200,000 copies per issue.
1356:"Promovarea culturii costă bani, bani și iarăși bani!" (interview with Jenö Farkas)
1335:
1026:
737:; a controversy was sparked when Humanitas demanded the closure of Romania's Nosov
706:
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and some of Gârleanu's other works were also issued in German, Hungarian, English,
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451:
389:
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255:
187:
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23:
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169:
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338:
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307:
299:("A Caseful of Joys" or "My Bedtime Library"), the main works for children by
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100:
995:
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comme paradigme du phénomene retraductif roumain dans le cas de Jules Verne"
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65:
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and propaganda system. The public followed up on the hint, and a number of
630:. A notable incident took place in 1988, when Editura Ion Creangă and poet
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860:
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In 1975, Editura Ion Creangă also published the first Romanian version of
1043:
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Among these volumes, linguist Raluca Anamaria Vida chose as a study case
442:
1740:"AVAS a decis încetarea monitorizării postprivatizare la nouă societăți"
246:, who presided over the enterprise for a while in the 1970s, and writer
1522:
1483:
1204:
1155:
738:
388:, illustrated by Rusz) and, in a "richly illustrated edition" of 1978,
137:
50:
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which toppled communism. Around the year 2000, it was managed by poet
658:
surfacing at the time reportedly referred to Ceaușescu as "Arpagic".
647:
530:
267:
1226:(Next Page Foundation bibliography), p.1; retrieved August 14, 2011
525:, translated from English by Catinca Ralea, and carrying the title
1633:
1630:
959:
893:
691:
409:
91:
686:. It was at the time openly engaged in the process of recovering
432:, introduced the public to samples of foreign legends, including
1768:, Bucharest Municipal Library catalog; retrieved August 22, 2011
602:
1700:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
182:. The company also stood at the core of a phenomenon in local
306:
Some projects of the period recovered the legacy of Romanian
1388:"Official Romanian Documentary Material on Minority Affairs"
164:
translations of world children's classics, among which were
709:, the 5th largest in this category of sponsorships. A slow
622:
Additionally, the publishing house felt the tightening of
1428:
Hermeneutica Bibliothecaria. Antologie Philobiblion (III)
1223:
Literary Translations – Turkish Literature into Romanian
815:
638:("Incidents in My Garden"), Blandiana followed up with
512:
preferred to observe the original spelling throughout.
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released, in 2003 and 2010, new versions of Nosov's
493:
perspective. Also in the "yellow covers" series was
461:
A notable series inaugurated by the company was the
186:, assigning contracts to recognized artists such as
424:. The company also ran a special paperback series,
90:
82:
71:
56:
46:
38:
30:
316:Cele 12 luni ale visului. O antologie a inocenței
1572:
1570:
1102:"Brigada Desenatorilor pune publicul în alertă"
303:, with illustrations by Ileana Ceaușu-Pandele.
1201:"Povești de adormit părinții. A fost odată..."
916:
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912:
910:
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785:
783:
781:
310:. One notable Editura Ion Creangă edition was
148:, it ranked high among Romanian publishers of
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8:
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1379:
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1259:
1257:
945:
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941:
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16:
285:("Golden Stories") and Creangă's collected
1020:Nicholas Catanoy, "Romanian: Ion Caraion,
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
757:
755:
753:
642:("Some Other Incidents in My Garden") and
626:, a policy encouraged by communist leader
428:("Immortal Tales"), which, in addition to
15:
1731:
1729:
1234:
1232:
1121:The Reception of Jonathan Swift in Europe
1022:O ureche de dulceață și-o ureche de pelin
879:
877:
705:. In 2001, these amounted to 178 million
440:, Editura Ion Creangă also published the
402:). Also noted were its luxury edition of
320:O ureche de dulceață și-o ureche de pelin
1822:Publishing companies established in 1969
1302:"Arcul Carpatic. Topos, logo, ideolegmă"
1125:Continuum International Publishing Group
925:"Ilustrația de carte. Un domeniu minor?"
322:("An Ear of Jam and an Ear of Wine") by
144:and named after the 19th-century writer
1432:Lucian Blaga Central University Library
1030:, Vol. 50, Issue 4, Autumn 1976, p. 863
849:"Cu ochii copiilor, pentru bucuria lor"
749:
609:Communist pressures and Arpagic scandal
398:(translators Ovidiu Constantinescu and
140:. Founded as a state-run company under
1702:, p.102-103; retrieved August 17, 2009
123:
7:
1782:Book publishing companies of Romania
1690:Committee on the Rights of the Child
885:"The Truth About Romania's Children"
601:, was published in cooperation with
1624:, Nr. 2-3/2008 (republished by the
729:in respect to communist-era works.
408:, issued in collaboration with the
225:. Editura Ion Creangă survived the
690:literature, publishing a diary of
678:The publishing house survived the
14:
1837:2003 disestablishments in Romania
1394:Research, April 19, 1978, at the
1832:Companies disestablished in 2003
1578:"The 'Stylistics' of Censorship"
1519:Explorări în comunismul românesc
1480:Explorări în comunismul românesc
1470:, "Un pămînt numit România", in
334:, with drawings by Dan Stanciu.
160:. Its activity resulted in many
22:
1584:Centre for Political Analysis'
1430:, Presa Universitară Clujeană,
1339:, Vol. III, Nr. 115, April 2006
1127:, New York City, 2005, p.254.
640:Alte întîmplări din grădina mea
125:[ediˈturaiˈonˈkre̯aŋɡə]
1827:1969 establishments in Romania
1797:Romanian children's literature
1148:"Povești de adormit părinții.
816:Center for Imagination Studies
762:Europa World Year Book, Book 2
422:La promessa sposa di Pinocchio
1:
1400:; retrieved September 8, 2021
1397:Blinken Open Society Archives
209:. In 1988, its publishing of
1817:Companies based in Bucharest
1184:Adevărul Literar și Artistic
538:among Tolkien illustrators.
238:Beginnings and consolidation
1765:Emil Gârleanu. Bibliografie
1626:Romanian Cultural Institute
1549:"Amintirile Anei Blandiana"
1505:, "Un om între oameni", in
1456:Emil Gârleanu. Bibliografie
1444:Emil Gârleanu. Bibliografie
1179:"De la Rabelais la McLuhan"
980:Emil Gârleanu. Bibliografie
955:Romanian Cultural Institute
889:Romanian Cultural Institute
668:Întîmplări de pe strada mea
644:Întîmplări de pe strada mea
279:Nicolae Constantin Batzaria
1853:
1787:Children's book publishers
1642:September 2, 2011, at the
1486:, Iași, 2008, p.275-276.
636:Întîmplări din grădina mea
605:'s Editorial Gente Nueva.
436:ones. In cooperation with
351:Titilică, băiat fără frică
1331:"Literatura imaginarului"
768:, London, 2004, p.3530.
254:characteristics found in
21:
996:"Subversiunea inocenței"
680:December 1989 Revolution
416:, and a 1978 version of
405:Gargantua and Pantagruel
345:, known for his work in
341:authors. Among them was
1812:Mass media in Bucharest
1792:Fantasy book publishers
1611:"Motanul și dictatorul"
1582:Babeș-Bolyai University
1371:, Nr. 880, January 2007
1317:, Nr. 867, October 2006
965:March 21, 2012, at the
899:March 21, 2012, at the
812:Babeș-Bolyai University
810:, Vol. 9, 2005, at the
599:Mi biblioteca para leer
438:Raduga Publishing House
121:Romanian pronunciation:
62:House of the Free Press
60:Piața Presei Libere 1 (
1723:, Nr. 86, October 2001
1525:, Iași, 2004, p.421.
1243:"Note, site-uri, ruși"
1209:Suplimentul de Cultură
1160:Suplimentul de Cultură
794:Raluca Anamaria Vida,
727:copyright infringement
698:author Naum V. Lospa.
535:O poveste cu un hobbit
527:O poveste cu un hobbit
347:science fiction comics
172:'s complete works and
75:international, mainly
1807:Censorship in Romania
1715:"Cărți subvenționate"
1270:"Eternul Jules Verne"
1268:Corneliu Apetroaiei,
723:intellectual property
694:imprisonment, by the
482:The Mysterious Island
150:children's literature
97:children's literature
57:Headquarters location
1434:, Cluj-Napoca, 2007
1352:Gabriela Adameșteanu
1044:"E corul de Crăciun"
847:György Györfi-Deák,
731:Humanitas consortium
366:'s translation from
357:Translation projects
330:by 1940s Surrealist
328:Apolodor the Penguin
1738:Florentina Cioacă,
1720:Observator Cultural
1220:Luminița Munteanu,
1071:Petrina Calabalic,
994:Marina Debattista,
933:, February 27, 2009
766:Europa Publications
703:Ministry of Culture
551:Hungarian-Romanians
426:Povești nemuritoare
275:Romanian literature
207:official censorship
117:Editura Ion Creangă
18:
17:Editura Ion Creangă
1748:, November 9, 2009
1666:2012-08-11 at the
1616:2011-07-16 at the
1554:2013-09-28 at the
1515:Angelo Mitchievici
1476:Angelo Mitchievici
1422:2012-03-25 at the
1415:Boglárka Daróczi,
1361:2012-02-20 at the
1275:2011-10-03 at the
1110:, February 2, 2010
1088:, December 6, 2004
1078:2011-10-08 at the
1049:2012-08-11 at the
1042:Simona Vasilache,
1001:2012-08-11 at the
951:"All Those Images"
866:2011-09-11 at the
854:2011-09-11 at the
821:2009-04-29 at the
802:Insula misterioasă
543:minority languages
497:'s translation of
478:Insula misterioasă
292:Childhood Memories
154:fantasy literature
105:fantasy literature
1634:România Culturală
1561:Jurnalul Național
1517:, Ioan Stanomir,
1478:, Ioan Stanomir,
1392:Radio Free Europe
1384:George Ciorănescu
1241:Constantin Vică,
1150:Finding Neverland
1100:Dragoș Cojocaru,
982:, p.15-16, 19, 20
949:Arina Stoenescu,
798:L'Île mystérieuse
656:clandestine jokes
628:Nicolae Ceaușescu
583:Caseta cu bucurii
529:("A Story with a
500:Carpathian Castle
430:Romanian folklore
297:Caseta cu bucurii
223:Nicolae Ceaușescu
184:book illustration
162:Romanian-language
114:
113:
83:Publication types
47:Country of origin
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1802:Romanian fantasy
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1749:
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1673:România Literară
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1565:
1564:, April 13, 2005
1547:Irina Munteanu,
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1447:
1446:, p.16-19, 20-22
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1285:, April 12, 2005
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1175:Mircea Vasilescu
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1059:, Nr. 51-52/2008
1056:România Literară
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1008:România Literară
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989:
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930:Ziarul Financiar
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883:Adrian Solomon,
881:
872:
846:
842:
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808:Caietele Echinox
793:
789:
776:
759:
684:Daniela Crăsnaru
652:personality cult
597:edition, titled
561:). Ion Creangă,
559:German-Romanians
517:J. R. R. Tolkien
509:ethnic Romanians
503:, a book set in
491:Marxist-Leninist
418:Ugo Scotti Berni
174:J. R. R. Tolkien
130:publishing house
127:
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86:books, magazines
26:
19:
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1684:
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1668:Wayback Machine
1661:"Lecturi la zi"
1656:
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1644:Wayback Machine
1618:Wayback Machine
1609:Luiza Vasiliu,
1606:
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1556:Wayback Machine
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1424:Wayback Machine
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1363:Wayback Machine
1348:
1347:
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1329:Adina Popescu,
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1277:Wayback Machine
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1080:Wayback Machine
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1003:Wayback Machine
991:
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978:
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967:Wayback Machine
960:Plural Magazine
948:
937:
923:Cristina Radu,
920:
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908:
901:Wayback Machine
894:Plural Magazine
882:
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868:Wayback Machine
856:Wayback Machine
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823:Wayback Machine
791:
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751:
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676:
611:
545:, specifically
395:Peter and Wendy
359:
244:Gheorghe Zarafu
240:
235:
227:1989 Revolution
219:Communist Party
158:science fiction
120:
109:science fiction
12:
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1686:United Nations
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1659:Iulia Argint,
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1298:Richard Wagner
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1107:Ziarul de Iași
1090:
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861:Caiete Silvane
826:
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688:anti-communist
675:
672:
610:
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495:Vladimir Colin
486:liberalization
368:Jonathan Swift
358:
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283:Povești de aur
239:
236:
234:
231:
142:communist rule
112:
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92:Fiction genres
88:
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1531:973-681-817-9
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1511:Ion Manolescu
1508:
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1503:Ioan Stanomir
1499:
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1073:"Cartoon Man"
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1011:, Nr. 22/2007
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771:
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632:Ana Blandiana
629:
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453:
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400:Andrei Bantaș
397:
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379:
378:Wilhelm Hauff
375:
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364:Leon Levițchi
356:
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309:
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211:Ana Blandiana
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1336:Dilema Veche
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1027:Books Abroad
1025:
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520:
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505:Transylvania
498:
477:
475:
460:
450:) series by
447:
441:
425:
421:
414:Arta Grafică
413:
403:
393:
390:J. M. Barrie
385:
381:
371:
360:
350:
343:Sandu Florea
336:
327:
319:
315:
305:
296:
290:
282:
272:
264:
256:Eastern Bloc
248:Tiberiu Utan
241:
204:
192:Val Munteanu
188:Sandu Florea
177:
168:versions of
116:
115:
72:Distribution
1507:Paul Cernat
1472:Paul Cernat
1386:and P. M.,
1251:, July 2010
871:, June 2009
792:(in French)
696:Bessarabian
674:Final years
507:and having
471:bestsellers
467:lithographs
463:Jules Verne
412:typography
324:Ion Caraion
287:fairy tales
170:Jules Verne
166:bestselling
146:Ion Creangă
1776:Categories
1755:References
1576:Ilie Rad,
1368:Revista 22
1314:Revista 22
1248:Dilemateca
1085:Bănățeanul
663:Securitate
624:censorship
616:Ion Hobana
574:alongside
522:The Hobbit
339:comic book
332:Gellu Naum
308:Surrealism
277:, such as
252:propaganda
200:Eugen Taru
196:Lívia Rusz
179:The Hobbit
101:comic book
1698:, at the
1580:, in the
1282:Clujeanul
1211:, Nr. 157
1162:, Nr. 105
953:, in the
887:, in the
648:satirical
593:. A 1986
563:Kriterion
547:Hungarian
260:bourgeois
215:President
134:Bucharest
132:based in
66:Bucharest
1745:Adevărul
1664:Archived
1640:Archived
1614:Archived
1552:Archived
1420:Archived
1359:Archived
1305:Archived
1273:Archived
1076:Archived
1047:Archived
999:Archived
963:Archived
897:Archived
864:Archived
852:Archived
819:Archived
735:Habarnam
567:Albatros
458:(1986).
448:Habarnam
443:Neznaika
373:Gulliver
128:) was a
1590:, Nr. 3
1523:Polirom
1484:Polirom
1205:Polirom
1156:Polirom
739:fansite
595:Spanish
587:Swedish
454:author
434:Turkish
382:Märchen
233:History
221:leader
138:Romania
51:Romania
39:Founded
34:defunct
1622:Steaua
1529:
1490:
1458:, p.22
1131:
1024:", in
772:
719:Disney
555:German
553:) and
531:Hobbit
452:Soviet
268:France
31:Status
1742:, in
1717:, in
1670:, in
1620:, in
1558:, in
1365:, in
1333:, in
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1104:, in
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1053:, in
1005:, in
927:, in
858:, in
806:, in
745:Notes
692:Gulag
591:Czech
571:Facla
557:(for
549:(for
410:Sibiu
386:Basme
1587:East
1527:ISBN
1488:ISBN
1129:ISBN
770:ISBN
725:and
603:Cuba
589:and
289:and
217:and
198:and
156:and
42:1969
1628:'s
1207:'s
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957:'s
891:'s
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707:lei
519:'s
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