Edith Roosevelt - Knowledge

708: 1286: 898:. Upon entering the White House, she rearranged the furniture in the living quarters and then promptly slept for two days. One benefit of their new position meant that the Roosevelts no longer had to worry about money, and she came to enjoy her life as first lady. For her sitting room, Edith used an oval library adjacent to the president's office. From here she could watch over him and scold him if he was working too late. Instead of overseeing meal preparation in the White House, Edith hired caterers, allowing her to lighten her schedule and to avoid potential criticism for poor catering decisions. She likewise delegated management of the staff to the chief usher. Rather than hiring a housekeeper, she took personal responsibility for the care of the mansion. 838:'s electoral ticket. In the days leading up to the convention, the Roosevelts dined at the White House with President McKinley, where Edith reveled in the fact that she and Theodore were much younger than the other guests of their status. As the presidential campaign commenced, she tended to their home while he traveled to garner support. She became very thin during the campaign, because of the stress of Theodore being away and the possibility that he might win. After Theodore was elected vice president, Edith began receiving requests that she donate some of her possessions to be auctioned, as was common for prominent women of the time. She started a diary, deciding that her insights as the wife of a public figure were worth preserving. 44: 1294: 1103: 1302:

trip to Europe, where they visited France, Switzerland, and Italy, including a stay at the home of Edith's sister. They returned in November, only for Edith and Ethel to leave for Egypt the following March to reunite with Theodore and go on another European tour. They returned to New York in June 1910, and for the first time in nearly two years, Edith, Theodore, and their children were all reunited. Theodore began embarking on speaking tours shortly after their return, again leaving Edith alone until she eventually decided to accompany him in March 1911.

1547:, left her in pain for hours at a time as it became more severe in the 1930s. She spent March 1934 in Greece before making her final journey to South America in January 1935. Her income at this point had decreased, and she could no longer afford elaborate vacations. Edith then broke her hip after taking a fall that November. It did not heal well, and she spent five months in the hospital. The injury meant she could no longer live an active life. Continuing her recovery in early 1937, she rented a home, Magnolia Manor, for a few months in 1376:

told only her sister-in-law Corinne—but she felt that she had to do her part for the family and take on Theodore's family responsibilities as well. From February through May, she went to Europe to see her sons, stay with her sister, and visit Quentin's grave. She then accompanied Kermit on a vacation in South America that December. Both of these trips were fueled by a need to avoid memories of Theodore at Oyster Bay, but she began traveling for leisure as time passed. The following decade was marked by further ventures around the world.

1603:, whose poor health prevented her from being active as first lady. Edith was more socially active than the first ladies of the preceding two decades, as they either had abbreviated tenures or were unable to fulfill their duties. Besides social activity, Edith was the most athletic first lady to occupy the White House at that point, regularly engaging in walks and horseback riding. She was the last first lady to live in an environment where horseback riding was a common part of life, and she disliked using automobiles. 989: 941: 5255: 1592: 1063:, which was entirely redesigned, including a new ceiling, wallpaper, carpeting, and three electric crystal chandeliers. She also had a tennis court installed, hoping that it would encourage her husband to maintain a healthy weight. Other projects included changes to the public areas and a redesign of the garden. The renovations were generally received positively. The Roosevelts moved back into the White House on November 4, 1902, as renovations finished over the following month. 1351:, Edith found that she no longer had the energy to keep up with political figures passing through their home. For her part, Edith marched with the "Independent Patriotic Women of America", which had been organized by Theodore III and his wife Eleanor. She also became president of the Needlework Guild. To get away from the politics of the war, Edith and Theodore left for the Caribbean in February 1916. They had planned further vacations over the following year, but as 551:

he encountered Edith by chance at his sister's house. They renewed their relationship and were secretly engaged that November, unwilling to disclose that Theodore was to rewed so soon after the death of his wife. After their engagement was set, they separated for eight months so Edith could help her mother and sister move to Europe while Theodore could settle his business affairs on the frontier. They remained in contact, but she preserved only one of these letters.

1313:. Edith was severely injured the following month after being thrown off of her horse. She was unconscious for the next two days and underwent physical rehabilitation for several months thereafter. She temporarily lost her sense of taste from the accident, and she permanently lost her sense of smell. As she recovered, Edith and Ethel left for a weeks-long trip to the Caribbean in February, giving her a chance to get away as Theodore again became active politically. 360: 907: 5111: 7562: 891:

trips, during which she was in constant worry until his return. Edith feared that he would not do well under the confinement he would experience as president, and she worried that he was too young to be president. She received some relief at the beginning of her tenure when she spoke to former president Cleveland about Theodore as president, to which he simply responded "don't worry, he is all right".

854:, watched the inaugural parade, and returned to Sagamore Hill. Theodore joined the rest of the family soon after, as the vice president was not needed until the next Congressional session later in the year. Edith felt that the job's limited duties made it a poor fit for her perennially active husband. Nonetheless, she was glad to have more time with him. Over the following months, they attended the 1265:, to exert her own influence on the White House. Edith and Helen had developed a rivalry over the years, both distrusting each other and the other's husband. This contributed to a similar animosity between Theodore and William in the following years. The tone of the White House became melancholy when the 1909 social season began as the Roosevelts' presence there was nearing its end. The incoming 1407:. She joined Archibald on a trip to Europe in January 1922, where they visited Paris, Berlin, and then London, taking her first airplane trip to the latter. From Europe, she traveled on her own to South Africa. Edith hosted a party for Theodore's friends in 1922 in which they visited his grave and shared their memories of him, which became a yearly tradition. After hearing that her grandson 1094:, Edith tracked down much of the china used by previous administrations. At the end of her tenure, she had all of the damaged pieces destroyed, feeling that selling or gifting them would degrade the collection. She also organized the creation of a portrait gallery that featured official portraits of the first ladies. Since then, every first lady has had an official portrait created. 786: 1499:, which had been built for her great-grandfather, Daniel Tyler III. Around this time, Edith confessed to her daughter that after leading a happy life, she had only been happy twice since Theodore's death—both times in a dream. She took multiple trips to Mortlake Manor each year from then on, including an annual pilgrimage on July 4. Edith was not significantly affected by the 956:. She nonetheless lost five pounds from stress as the election neared. Edith was disappointed when, in the jubilation of his victory, Theodore announced that he would not run for election again. She knew he would come to regret the announcement, and she later said that she would have done anything in her power to prevent it if she had known what he was going to say. 679:, on August 13, 1891. With a growing family and both their New York and Washington homes to maintain, the Roosevelts struggled financially. Edith was in charge of all the family's finances, keeping meticulous records and allotting $ 20 per day to her husband (equivalent to $ 678 in 2023). The increasingly erratic behavior of Theodore's alcoholic brother 1522:, and began campaigning for him. To demonstrate her support, she took an airplane to the White House, visiting it for the first time since she was first lady. She did not recognize the interior, as it had been thoroughly refurnished, and she considered the whole experience "hateful". Franklin went on to win the election. Theodore III had been appointed 976:. Theodore left for another trip across the United States in fall 1907, and she again grew anxious for his return, looking forward to each letter he sent. In the final ten months of her tenure as first lady, a series of attacks on unaccompanied women in Washington led Theodore to appoint a bodyguard for Edith's walks. He chose 1359:, Edith encouraged her sons to fight. She took up typing to distract herself when they left for war, but this effort was short-lived. On July 17, 1918, Edith learned that Quentin's plane had been shot down and that he had been killed. To escape the reminders of Quentin at Sagamore Hill, Edith, Theodore, and Quentin's fiancée 524:, afterward commenting that it would be unlikely that she should ever visit it again. After graduating from Miss Comstock's School in 1879, she participated in New York's social life, attending balls and making social calls. She was unable to travel, as she had to stay home tending for her parents, who had both fallen ill. 1146:, from returning to the senate. This was in part because of political alliances, but Edith had a negative opinion of him for neglecting Frances that may have also played a role. The Roosevelts were successful in keeping Edward from being elected, but he never reunited with Frances. The Roosevelts later got Frances's son, 508:, over their mutual love of literature. The Carows moved uptown in 1871, where Edith attended Miss Comstock's School. Here she developed a lifelong sense of strict religious morality. She also learned to speak fluent French and took a more active interest in English literature, with a particular focus on the works of 1563:

longer capable of managing her own finances and mail. Kermit's alcoholism became more severe in 1941, and he fatally shot himself on June 4, 1943. Edith had adored Kermit especially among her children, and no one told her that his death was a suicide. Theodore III died from a heart attack during World War II.

830:. Edith was uncomfortable with the proposition. It would again uproot the family's lives in a move to Washington, and it would come with a lower salary than the governorship. The two at one point drafted an official declination of the role saying he was needed as the governor of New York, but he attended the 1273:

associations with the scandal. Archibald Butt described this incident as the only time he ever saw her angry. Two years later, President Taft bought a new couch and had the original sent to her. As their time in the White House came to a close, Theodore grew excited about the prospect of a year-long African

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Historians credit Edith for developing the first lady's office as its own institution. The historian Catherine Forslund described Edith as the "first truly modern occupant of her post", citing her involvement in the White House renovations and her hiring of a secretary. The historian Stacy A. Cordery

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Theodore's health declined in 1918, and he was hospitalized on November 11. Edith stayed by him each day until his death on January 6, 1919. As was tradition for the widow, she stayed inside while the funeral took place two days later. Edith considered herself to have died with Theodore—something she

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After leaving the White House in 1909, Edith returned to Sagamore Hill while Theodore and Kermit went on a safari. Her children had all moved out except for Ethel, who had just reached adulthood. The solitude became too much for Edith after a few months, so she took Ethel, Quentin, and Archibald on a

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Edith donated handkerchiefs and other items to be auctioned for charity during the first two years of her tenure, establishing a "handkerchief bureau" to facilitate the donations. She stopped after the handkerchiefs were scrutinized and criticized, which caused her a great deal of emotional distress.

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later wrote that Edith seemed to regret that her role as first lady prevented her from being more active in the children's play. She hoped for another child, but her two pregnancies in 1902 and 1903 both resulted in miscarriages. For two months beginning in April 1903, Theodore ventured off on a trip

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to run concurrently with cabinet meetings. Here they planned and budgeted White House entertainment, and they made sure the wives' entertainment did not overshadow that of the White House. Here Edith also governed who was allowed on guest lists, excluding anyone that did not meet her moral standards,

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Edith's mornings as first lady often entailed answering her mail, reading the newspaper, shopping, and studying French. In the evenings, she spent time with her children and went horseback riding with her husband. Despite the tribulations of White House life, Edith and Theodore adored one another and

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on botanical trips. Edith was more cautious about public life as her husband became one of the most prominent figures in American politics. Her receptions and public activity were the subject of national press coverage, though it was generally positive. Edith's primary focus when entertaining was the

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and traveled to Italy to join her, staying until August. Theodore and Kermit went on another expedition later that year, this time to South America. Edith accompanied them in the beginning, returning home as they began the second stage of the trip charting unexplored areas in Brazil. Theodore's trek

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At the reception for Theodore's inauguration as governor, Edith held a bouquet in each hand so she would not have to shake hands with the thousands of visitors—a technique that she used throughout her husband's political career. Her children were older by this point, and their time in school or with

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was touring the United States, and he engaged in what Edith considered to be vulgar behavior. She refused to recognize him socially, leaving to have lunch with relatives before he arrived to meet Theodore. Her rejection of the duke was praised by the press and by members of the Russian aristocracy.

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Edith dreaded the idea of Theodore being president, fearing both for his safety and for her children who would receive national attention. Only after leaving the White House did she realize how severely these anxieties affected her. Especially stressful were Theodore's absences on tours and hunting

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in 1895, and the Roosevelts again made New York their primary residence. Edith was reluctant to leave Washington and her social circle in the city, but the move also came with an increased salary for Theodore. Edith's mother died in April of the same year, and Edith's sister Emily came to live with

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Sagamore Hill had a staff of approximately 12 servants, and Edith found herself managing the entire staff and estate by herself. Each morning, Edith tended to the household chores while Theodore worked on his writing, and then the two went walking or rowing in the afternoons. She was content with a

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both died in February 1884, so he moved west to distance himself from his life in New York. Edith did not see him for the following year. He avoided her intentionally, worrying that he would be betraying Alice if he developed feelings for Edith. When Theodore returned to New York in September 1885,

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Edith was bedridden in early 1947, where she stayed for the remainder of her life. She died at the age of 87 on September 30, 1948, a day after she fell into a coma. She was buried next to her husband. Edith wished for a simple funeral, and by the time of her death she had recorded every detail of

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in early 1939, she received news that her sister was dying in Italy. The two had been almost estranged by that point, and Edith spent the rest of her life guilt-ridden, feeling that she had abandoned her sister. As she neared 80 years old in 1941, Edith felt greatly ashamed as she found herself no

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Among Edith's greatest concerns with becoming first lady was the effect it would have on her privacy. This was something she valued, and she considered the press to be her greatest annoyance while living in the White House. She exerted her influence over journalists: for example, when she wore the

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in 1905, she was in contact with Cecil Spring Rice, who at this point was a diplomat at the British embassy in Russia. It would have been untoward for Spring Rice and Theodore to communicate directly given their respective positions, but Spring Rice wrote to Edith and his letters included valuable

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to ignore his request. She also had two Secret Service agents stationed at Pine Knot each night without telling Theodore. Edith had little interest in the political affairs of the Republican Party and its members, but she took an interest in certain political issues and gave her evaluations of the

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Edith did not need the pension provided to first ladies, but she worried about embarrassing the other former first ladies by refusing it. She instead used the funds to support others, including former members of Theodore's Rough Riders. To maintain some control over Theodore's legacy, Edith also

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pointed to her use of racist language and the fact that she allowed racist songs to be performed at the White House to suggest strong anti-black views. Black people were specifically disallowed from her receptions, as was anyone of a lower social class. Gould presented a negative image of Edith

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Historians have little information about Edith's own state of mind while studying her life, as she avoided public comment and did not preserve her letters. She worried that her letters might some day be published, and she sometimes requested that recipients destroy them after reading. Surviving

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While taking inventory of her belongings, Edith caused controversy because she intended to keep a $ 40 couch (equivalent to $ 1,356 in 2023) that had been purchased during White House renovations. After the backlash, she decided to leave it behind, saying that it was now tainted by negative

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Edith disliked the White House upon moving in, saying that it was "like living over the store". The building had become cramped with more employees as the scope of federal politics changed over the 19th century, and demand for workspace restricted the residential areas. Renovations began on the

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The nation was in mourning when the Roosevelts entered the White House, so the first lady's traditional role of hosting social events was postponed for 30 days. As Washington became active, Edith increased the amount of social events held by the White House each season, including dinners, teas,

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The exact nature of Edith's influence over Theodore's presidency is unknown, but they frequently spoke about politics and he often took her advice. She resented the press, feeling that it was intrusive. She leveraged her influence to control when and how they reported on the Roosevelts, and had

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Edith did not share her political opinions publicly, but she often discussed them with her husband—a fact that was generally known by the public. Since Theodore did not read the newspapers, Edith read four each day and brought clippings to him if she thought they warranted his attention. It is

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and Fischer's antique shop. She looked back fondly on these years later in life. She attended several receptions at the White House in 1890 with her husband, and was now received as a guest rather than a tourist. She retired to Sagamore Hill that summer at the end of the social season, and she

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The tone of the White House improved after Theodore's reelection, as the beginning of this term was a cause for celebration instead of the mourning that followed the assassination of President McKinley. This led up to Edith's most prominent social event as first lady, in which she hosted the

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in 1894, Edith implored him not to because she preferred life in Washington and because he would have a smaller salary as mayor. He regretted not running to the point of depression, and Edith made a promise not to give further input on his political career. The promise was not kept for long.

1005:. She found the egg roll distasteful, saying that it ruined the grass and lamenting the smell of rotting eggs as the event went on. Though "first lady" had already become a common term for the president's wife, she never used the title herself, instead signing her name as Mrs. Roosevelt. 750:. Edith wrote to him almost every day while he was away and stayed informed through the newspaper, which often covered his exploits with the Rough Riders as he became increasingly famous. The Rough Riders returned to the United States that August and were put under quarantine in 720:

the Roosevelts for several months. Theodore was rarely at home as he became heavily invested in his work. Edith eventually joined him in the city whenever he worked overnight, and after her period of mourning for her mother ended, she began attending cultural events in the city.

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quiet, domestic life, but she accepted that Theodore would often bring home company for her to entertain. To her displeasure, her husband was frequently away on trips west. She began suffering headaches that plagued her for the rest of her life, sometimes leaving her bedridden.

543:. This caused Edith grief, but she held a dinner in the couple's honor and attended their wedding. She maintained a close relationship with the Roosevelts over the following years, though she was cold toward Alice. Edith's father died from alcohol-related illness in 1883. 923:

In tandem with her responsibilities as first lady, Edith continued acting as the caregiver for her children. She tended to her children and her husband whenever they fell ill or were injured, which happened many times throughout her tenure. Quentin's childhood friend

583:, on December 2, 1886. They spent their honeymoon in Europe over the winter, going to France and then visiting Edith's family at their new home in Italy before returning to England. The Roosevelts returned to New York in March 1887. They stayed with Theodore's sister 1269:, though generally well-liked, lacked the energetic reputation of the Roosevelts. Helen Taft had already begun planning the changes she would make in the staff. Edith had bonded with these people over the years and became emotional when discussing Taft's intentions. 421:. Theodore was elected Vice President in March 1901, and she became second lady of the United States for six months, and then became first lady when the assassination of President William McKinley propelled Theodore to the presidency in September of that year. 1050:

Edith saw the construction of a feature long desired by past first ladies: separate living quarters secluded from the executive offices and public areas, allowing the family to live uninterrupted by visitors. This separation came with the establishment of the

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Edith found comfort in the fact that the first lady did not have to make social calls, instead receiving them from others each afternoon. Being first lady came with new obligations that she disliked, including participation in large receiving lines and the

1627:. Many of Edith's relatives and associates wrote memoirs that include detailed descriptions of their interactions. She was given little scholarly attention in the decades after her death. The first full biography about her, and the largest in scope, was 1236:

wrote a critical article about the first lady's fashion consisting of "three hundred dollars a year", Edith cut it from the newspaper and placed it in her scrapbook. The first published caricature of a first lady depicted Edith during her husband's

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Edith is often recognized for the wisdom, both scholarly and political, that she provided her husband throughout his career. She read extensively throughout her life, preferring British, French, and German writers of the 19th century, including

1277:. This frightened Edith, especially when he said that he did not fear death during the expedition. The Roosevelts learned of the sudden death of their nephew Stewart Robinson shortly before leaving, and they spent these final days in mourning. 936:

and after she returned to the White House. Worried about his safety the entire time, she was relieved when he returned. Besides her own children, Edith also made sure to dedicate time to her stepdaughter Alice, who felt neglected by Theodore.

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Edith grew comfortable with her life in Albany, as it brought financial security and her role as first lady allowed her to spend more time with her husband. She pursued new hobbies in the city, joining the Friday Morning Club and accompanying

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was dangerous and nearly fatal, leaving Edith worried until his return in May 1914. Her health declined that year, preventing her from attending Kermit's wedding. In April 1915, Edith underwent what was described as "a necessary operation".

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policies, insisting that they were nothing like Theodore's progressive platform. She maintained good relations with her niece-in-law Eleanor after the latter became first lady, and she generally approved of Eleanor's public activities.

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wished to destroy it, and Edith protested. They settled on relocating it, an agreement that McKim dubbed the "Treaty of Oyster Bay". She also objected to McKim's proposed design for her writing desk, calling it "ugly and inconvenient".

773:. She did not join him on the campaign, out of both her need to support the children and her desire to avoid public attention. She instead took charge of the mail that he received. Theodore went on to win the election, making Edith the 531:, but they had a falling-out in August 1878. The details surrounding this stage of their relationship are not known. Various reasons have been proposed by the families and by historians for their split, including a rejected proposal, 1644:

said that the White House renovations organized by Edith were one of her "most important legacies", and that her hiring of a secretary was "a significant innovation crucial to the creation of the modern institution of first ladies".

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In May 1905, Edith set off to create a presidential retreat to which the family could escape. Their home at Sagamore Hill was frequently visited by reporters, politicians, and those seeking favors of the president. She went to the

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same dress on multiple occasions, she convinced the reporters to describe it differently each time. To control media coverage of her family, she had photographs taken of herself and her children that were then given to the press.

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how to organize it. Her instructions were: "Simplest coffin possible. If the church has no pall, cover with one of my crepe shawls. Nothing on coffin but bunch of pink and blue flowers from my children. Processional Hymn No. 85 '

1518:, Edith was frustrated by well-wishers who congratulated her, believing Franklin to be her son. Over 300 letters celebrating Franklin's nomination arrived at Sagamore Hill. She vocally proclaimed support for Franklin's opponent, 504:'s funeral procession. Edith and Corinne formed their own literature club as children, the "Party of Renowned Eligibles", in which Edith served as club secretary each week for three years. She also bonded with Corinne's brother, 460:. She lost two more of her sons in the 1940s and was bedridden for the last year of her life. Edith died on September 30, 1948. Historians have consistently ranked her in the upper half of first ladies in periodic polling by the 1216:

It became common practice for well-off women to hire a secretary in the 1890s, but no first lady had ever done this. A few weeks into her tenure, Edith hired Belle Hagner as a social secretary, creating the first formalized

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During her time in Washington, Edith took on more serious hosting responsibilities as the wife of a political figure, and she befriended several of the city's major figures, developing a particularly close friendship with

595:. Edith promptly had her own family's furniture brought in to replace the furniture from Theodore's previous marriage. This was to be the Roosevelts' home for the rest of their lives. Edith decided that her stepdaughter 1221:. Hagner was responsible for answering Edith's mail, managing her schedule, overseeing guest lists, and communicating information about the first lady's activities to the press. In Theodore's second term, Congressman 5724: 621:

Managing the family became a large responsibility, in part because she considered her husband to be one of the children for his involvement in their trouble-making, and she frequently hosted their family friend

746:. Though she was apprehensive about Theodore's desire to join the fighting, she defended his decision against critics. She traveled to Florida on June 1, 1898, to see Theodore off as he left to fight with the 707: 5684: 1059:. Aware that extravagant spending could provoke controversy, she reduced costs wherever possible, having older furniture brought in rather than purchasing newer items. The largest change was in the 500:

was Edith's closest childhood friend, and Edith was often brought along with the Roosevelt children in their family activities. At age four, she stood with the Roosevelts on their balcony to watch

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was to live with them and was to refer to Edith as her mother. Separating Alice from her aunt, who had previously been caring for her, began a lifelong enmity between Edith and her stepdaughter.

1460:) and his wife Eleanor Roosevelt (Theodore's niece) lambasted Theodore III as they campaigned for his opponent, brewing resentment from Edith. That same year, Edith co-wrote a travelogue titled 1167:

She also made anonymous donations from her personal funds to those in need, so long as she could first confirm the facts to ensure she was not "'carrying' people when they should 'learn to walk

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Edith took up travel in the years after leaving the White House, frequently touring Europe and Latin America. Her health declined in the 1910s, and she was devastated by the deaths of her son

1038:, Edith returned to Sagamore Hill with the children. From here, she stayed updated on the renovations and prevented the implementation of any ideas she disliked. The work was carried out by 7662: 980:, the new White House military aide. Butt accompanied Edith on her walks and shopping trips, and she felt herself able to speak freely to him in a way that she did not with most people. 5784: 1652:

overall, portraying her as having an "acidic personality" and casting doubt on her success as a mother. Deborah Davis contradicted Gould's account and said that Edith was an admirer of

489:. For much of her childhood, the family was forced to move in with various relatives. She was unhappy with her childhood, and she rarely spoke of her parents throughout her adult life. 7622: 6964: 6139: 1422:

Edith and Kermit went on another trip in December 1923, going to California and then Hawaii before arriving in Japan the following January. The region had just been devastated by the

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wives, and became the gatekeeper of who could attend formal events. Her oversight of the 1902 White House renovations and her hiring the first social secretary for a first lady,

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to court, alleging that the companies had caused damage to the building during rail construction. The trial went on until it was decided in the Carow sisters' favor in 1890.

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and Gertrude Elizabeth Tyler. Though her family was wealthy, her father was an unsuccessful businessman as well as a chronic gambler and an alcoholic, while her mother was a

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With her life having settled and her children all grown, Edith found herself wishing for a grandchild. This wish came true on August 6, 1911, when Theodore III and his wife

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professional photographs taken of the family so the press would not need to take their own. Edith also controlled Washington social life, organizing weekly meetings of the

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Edith sponsored a variety of classical instrumentalists and singers, giving them a venue to perform at the White House. She enjoyed classical music, including the work of

869:. Edith correctly speculated that the perpetrator was an anarchist. McKinley died on September 14, 1901. Only six months into his term as vice president, Theodore became 1479:. That year, she began featuring the poet Elbert Newton as a guest of honor in a poetry reading group that she hosted. The following year, Edith took a ferry across the 7647: 7632: 5793: 1551:. She had not seen the house before renting it and discovered that it was a cockroach-infested house in a poor neighborhood, cast under shadow by moss-dripping trees. 1171:". Edith frequently did needlework for charity, participating in the St. Hilda Sewing Circle with Oyster Bay's Christ Episcopal Church. She voiced her support for the 1583:. Service as in Prayer Book. Do not take off my wedding ring and please no embalming." Her chosen epitaph read, "Everything she did was for the happiness of others." 1615:. Theodore once confessed his belief that she looked down on his literary knowledge, and he acknowledged that he was worse off whenever he did not take her advice. 1124: 7003: 6457: 6226: 6155: 5734: 1238: 539:, or clashing personalities between their strong tempers. They rekindled their friendship in December 1879. By this time, Theodore was engaged to his first wife, 6614: 6106: 1325: 1320:, asserting that he would "never be president again". When her attempts to discourage him failed, she assisted him in speech writing and accompanied him to the 1218: 6630: 7607: 7597: 6059: 6027: 5777: 7017: 6671: 1527: 1324:, though she did not campaign for him. Edith again feared for Theodore's safety as he resumed his political activity, and her fears were validated when he 6637: 7627: 5751: 1599:

Edith was widely popular as first lady, maintaining strong public approval until her tenure ended. She was compared positively against her predecessor,

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agreed to work with all of her husband's biographers, though she did not approve of all their work. She especially disliked the biography written by

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The White House became too hot in the summer, so the Roosevelts returned to Sagamore Hill each year. Edith was confident in Theodore's chances for

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men with whom the Roosevelts interacted. She agreed with Theodore's policies when he became adamant about progressive reforms in his second term.

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The Roosevelts were invited to dine at the White House for the first time on February 1, 1894, where Edith was seated directly next to President

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Fashion was not important to Edith, who often kept outfits over multiple seasons. She sometimes had adjustments made to keep them updated. When

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flower arrangements, while an aide addressed food, seating, and music. In March 1900, Edith and her sister vacationed in Cuba where she visited

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Edith and Theodore grew closer as teenagers, and they developed romantic feelings for one another. They stayed in contact when Theodore went to

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garden parties, and concerts. The 1902 social season saw approximately 40,000 people visit the White House, far more than any previous year.

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while Theodore was on a speaking tour. It was here that she received a telephone call from her husband informing her that President McKinley

1440:, which told the story of a mother who lost her son. She had a much lower opinion of China and the Soviet Union as she passed through them. 1153:

Edith often served as an intermediary for the Roosevelts' associates to get information to the president. During peace negotiations for the

7617: 7612: 7602: 6757: 6607: 1449: 1321: 1067: 610:, was born September 13, 1887. She hired her own childhood nanny, Mary Ledwith, to care for the children. Edith then underwent a period of 413:

as Theodore's political career progressed over the following years. Edith became a public figure when her husband became a war hero in the

1352: 1070:

was expanded to seat over one hundred guests, Edith purchased more china for the White House. Unable to find American-made china, she had

1204:. She also supported the theater and allowed the performance of plays at the White House at a time when actors were seen as lower class. 6833: 6826: 6819: 6812: 6411: 6219: 6062: 5746: 1523: 1018: 831: 827: 6374: 7515: 7038: 6887: 6873: 5273: 1035: 559: 496:. Edith's early schooling took place at the Roosevelt home, as well as the Dodsworth School where she received etiquette instruction. 7060: 6089: 5729: 5239: 5043: 866: 735:, was born on November 9, 1897. She spent the following four months recovering from an abdominal abscess and the resulting surgery. 716: 359: 1430:, which was designed to withstand earthquakes, but Edith feared for her safety as the tremors continued. She was delighted by the 7288: 7127: 7052: 6980: 6952: 6901: 6508: 6418: 6162: 6101: 6020: 5342: 1660: 1572: 1568: 1191: 835: 795: 461: 391: 116: 1468:, detailing the history of Edith's ancestors in New England. The book was of interest to only a limited few and saw poor sales. 7187: 7064: 6971: 6712: 6536: 6529: 6522: 6473: 6450: 6330: 6081: 5719: 5374: 4987:

Forslund, Catherine (2016). "Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt: The Victorian Modern First Lady". In Sibley, Katherine A. S. (ed.).

1356: 1075: 874: 724: 387: 64: 6945: 6784: 6427: 6051: 5156: 870: 1423: 580: 7452: 6908: 6777: 6767: 6070: 5407: 5085: 1293: 1102: 680: 254: 6351: 7308: 6931: 6804: 6279: 6211: 6204: 5474: 1131: 916: 456:. Edith took an interest in her ancestry in 1920s, writing a book on her ancestors and purchasing her ancestral home in 426: 642:

His absences especially took a toll on her while she was pregnant, causing her further depression. Edith's second son,

7565: 7177: 6996: 6487: 6480: 6288: 6249: 6013: 5320: 1608: 1002: 895: 5114: 1316:

Edith strongly disliked the idea of Theodore returning to politics. She advised him not to run for president in the

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The Roosevelts in 1903 (left to right: Quentin, Theodore, Theodore III, Archibald, Alice, Kermit, Edith, and Ethel)

1180: 1034:

building in 1902, and the Roosevelts found other places to live for six months. While Theodore moved to a home on

7657: 7380: 7324: 7244: 7167: 7031: 6924: 6917: 6743: 6390: 5444: 1548: 1511:, Edith went to stay there in January 1930 and again that December. She traveled to Jamaica the following March. 1500: 1233: 1195: 1111:

unknown to what extent or in what areas Edith had political influence over her husband. One government official,

858:, went horseback riding with Edith's new horse Yagenka, and endured a variety of medical ailments in the family. 743: 596: 563: 6570: 6316: 739: 664:

accompanied Theodore on his travels west. While initially hesitant, she came to share her husband's love of the

414: 7436: 7404: 7262: 7045: 6692: 6169: 5839: 5400: 1310: 1306: 1139: 1130:

Edith often dissuaded Theodore from ideas she disliked. When he asked for reduced security, she instructed the

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objected to Hagner's employment on government funds and raised a motion to dismiss her. The remainder of the

929:

to the west. Edith cared for the children on her own at this time, first when she was on a cruise aboard the

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has periodically conducted surveys asking historians to assess American first ladies, where Edith ranked:

1544: 1116: 1039: 802:

after moving in so that it was a suitable home for her children, and she redecorated it with new artwork.

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saw this as an affront against the first lady, and Hardwick was the lone voice in support of the motion.

1194:

when he visited the United States, which led to her appearance at a charity performance of Humperdinck's

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reunite with her ex-husband following a divorce. Theodore wished to keep her ex-husband, former senator

940: 676: 634:, finding the experience enjoyable. After Harrison's victory, he repaid Theodore with a position on the 611: 457: 316: 5074: 968:, where she purchased a cabin from a family friend. This cabin became Theodore's presidential retreat, 1591: 7592: 7587: 7412: 7396: 7388: 7280: 6404: 6176: 6073: 5874: 5504: 5499: 5335: 1653: 1576: 1242: 1091: 1043: 961: 930: 862: 766: 659:. She preferred Washington to New York, and after arriving, she made her first of many visits to the 588: 478: 418: 237: 149: 1492: 915:

maintained a strong relationship. Each Tuesday, Edith organized a meeting with the wives of all the

591:

house that Theodore had intended to live in with his first wife. The house was subsequently renamed

7541: 7468: 7356: 7197: 7137: 6381: 6323: 6265: 5924: 5894: 5762: 5584: 5574: 5554: 5484: 5469: 5367: 5029: 1632: 1624: 1600: 1360: 1254: 1042:. The earliest point of contention was the location of the White House conservatory; the architect 691: 509: 321: 97: 5264: 925: 409:, where Edith had five children with Theodore, and they moved back and forth between New York and 7484: 7106: 6729: 6397: 6344: 6036: 5854: 5599: 1364: 1222: 1154: 1022: 540: 528: 520:

During the celebrations for the first centennial of the United States in 1876, Edith visited the

505: 383: 277: 85: 972:. The same year, Edith joined Theodore in a voyage to Panama to oversee the construction of the 794:

a governess gave her a degree of freedom from her previous responsibilities. She renovated the

7499: 7364: 6685: 6501: 6494: 6358: 5954: 5934: 5869: 5649: 5629: 5594: 5579: 5569: 5564: 5549: 5529: 5434: 5384: 5235: 5214: 5162: 5152: 5060: 5039: 5015: 4994: 4973: 4952: 4942: 4928: 1408: 1392: 1262: 1143: 1083: 1079: 969: 751: 732: 695: 627: 623: 535:'s disapproval of Charles Carow's alcoholism, a rumor that the Roosevelts were afflicted with 497: 441: 437: 326: 109: 5086:"Siena College Research Institute/C-SPAN Study of the First Ladies of the United States 2014" 850:

in Washington on March 4, 1901. Edith and the children subsequently had lunch with President

765:, and their home became a place of public interest. When he began his campaign to be elected 7532: 7492: 7340: 7299: 6600: 5834: 5639: 5624: 5614: 5514: 5454: 5259: 5054: 1504: 1399:. In January 1921, Edith traveled the Caribbean, including a voyage deep into the jungle of 1381: 1120: 851: 799: 728: 687: 643: 639: 493: 410: 402: 311: 17: 7444: 7024: 6183: 5939: 5859: 5819: 5814: 5679: 5664: 5544: 5509: 5289: 1620: 1619:

letters and other papers are kept in various archival collections, including those of the

1176: 1172: 1112: 953: 584: 501: 1480: 731:. Edith once again delayed her move to Washington because of pregnancy. Her final child, 6751:"Progressive Cause Greater Than Any Individual" (1912 post-assassination-attempt speech) 906: 7507: 7420: 7072: 6894: 6880: 6295: 6233: 5969: 5899: 5696: 5619: 5559: 5464: 5449: 5305: 5208: 5033: 5009: 4946: 1648: 1519: 1464:

with Kermit and his family. In 1925, Edith and Kermit published another book together,

1404: 1400: 1333: 1187: 977: 449: 5229: 5175: 4966:

Cordery, Stacy A. (1996). "Edith Kermit (Carow) Roosevelt". In Gould, Lewis L. (ed.).

1526:

under the Hoover administration, and Edith traveled to visit him there shortly before

1487:

on the border between Argentina and Brazil. By this time, Edith was beginning to have

1355:

declined, the Roosevelts canceled them in anticipation of war. When the United States

1332:

while campaigning. Theodore lost the election, and Edith loathed the eventual winner,

7581: 7551: 6678: 6664: 5829: 5804: 5701: 5479: 5439: 5197: 4922: 1289:

A 1912 cartoon of Edith restricting the public's access to Theodore after he was shot

1147: 812: 592: 486: 482: 406: 342: 5392: 1558:, though she found the journey much more difficult in her old age. While she was in 1426:, and tremors were still frequently occurring. They stayed at the newly-constructed 646:, was born on October 10, 1889. She joined her husband in Washington that December. 638:. Edith was pregnant again, and she stayed at Sagamore Hill while Theodore moved to 7236: 7228: 6577: 6365: 6197: 5979: 5964: 5959: 5844: 5674: 5669: 5609: 5524: 5459: 5186: 5146: 1488: 1484: 1476: 1457: 1340: 1329: 1138:

Shortly after becoming first lady, Edith put her efforts toward helping her friend

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in 1918 and then Theodore in 1919. She remained politically active, supporting

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Alice & Edith: A Biographical Novel of the Two Wives of Theodore Roosevelt

1472: 785: 376: 1514:

When Franklin D. Roosevelt was nominated as the Democratic candidate for the

7271: 6515: 5929: 5809: 5654: 5166: 1060: 1056: 1052: 755: 626:. In October 1888, Edith joined Theodore in traveling west to campaign for 4924:

First Ladies: The Saga of the Presidents' Wives and Their Power, 1789–1961

723:

The Roosevelts returned to Washington in 1897 when Theodore was appointed

1555: 1531: 1071: 762: 536: 405:, and she married Theodore Roosevelt in 1886. They established a home in 1466:

American Backlogs: The Story of Gertrude Tyler and Her Family, 1660–1860

382:; August 6, 1861 – September 30, 1948) was the second wife of President 1412: 694:, on April 9, 1894. When Theodore considered running a campaign to be 6005: 5268: 5132:

Boera, A. Richard, ed. (1986). "The Edith Kermit Roosevelt Diaries".

5122: 4168: 4166: 4164: 4162: 4160: 4158: 4156: 3897: 3895: 3893: 3891: 3889: 3090: 3088: 3086: 2354: 2352: 1274: 5210:

The Lion's Pride: Theodore Roosevelt and His Family in Peace and War

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china imported to the United States where it was painted with the

987: 939: 905: 784: 706: 683:

became the family's primary focus until his sudden death in 1894.

1395:. She made appeals to women specifically, as they had just been 1253:

Edith was skeptical when Theodore selected the secretary of war

6009: 5766: 5396: 4861: 4859: 4399: 4397: 3463: 3461: 3459: 1431: 1419:. This inspired her to research her ancestry more thoroughly. 1339:

In June 1913, Edith learned that her sister was to undergo an

579:

Edith and Theodore traveled to London, where they were wed at

1119:, to the Civil Service Commission. She sometimes worked with 861:

In August 1901, Edith took her children on a vacation to the

433:, are described by historians as her most enduring legacies. 554:

Edith and her sister inherited an interest in a building on

4810: 4808: 4717: 4715: 4713: 4273: 4271: 4269: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4008: 4006: 3271: 3269: 3267: 1336:, whom she considered a "vile and hypocritical charlatan". 4795: 4793: 4527: 4525: 4523: 4213: 4211: 4209: 4207: 4205: 3876: 3874: 3392: 3390: 3218: 3216: 3191: 3189: 3187: 3022: 3020: 2633: 2631: 2629: 2627: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2016: 1921: 1919: 1917: 4700: 4698: 4696: 4426: 4424: 4071: 4069: 3531: 3529: 3527: 3407: 3405: 3290: 3288: 3286: 3284: 3061: 3059: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2863: 2861: 2691: 2689: 2687: 2429: 2427: 2146: 2144: 2142: 2140: 1904: 1902: 1841: 1839: 1826: 1824: 1822: 1008:

While the Roosevelts were staying in Oyster Bay in 1902,

4288: 4286: 2882: 2880: 2878: 2876: 1722: 1720: 1718: 1716: 1150:, a prominent position as a New York district attorney. 492:

The Carows were close friends with their neighbors, the

4756: 4754: 3705: 3703: 3630: 3628: 3478: 3476: 3446: 3444: 3341: 3339: 1261:. This was complicated by the attempts of Taft's wife, 5011:

Edith Kermit Roosevelt: Creating the Modern First Lady

4948:

First Ladies: From Martha Washington to Michelle Obama

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collection that had been started by former first lady

587:

for the next two months, then moved into Leeholm, the

894:

Edith's first duty in her new role was to attend the

1785: 1783: 7298: 7212: 7089: 6865: 6794: 6702: 6647: 6560: 6100: 5103: 4969:

American First Ladies: Their Lives and Their Legacy

354: 335: 299: 271: 261: 244: 220: 215: 201: 191: 183: 167: 155: 143: 133: 115: 103: 91: 81: 63: 34: 4772: 4172: 4111: 3901: 3178: 3094: 2852: 2358: 2095: 1968: 1707: 477:Edith Kermit Carow was born on August 6, 1861, in 5059:(3rd ed.). Facts on File. pp. 162–171. 1647:Historians disagree about Edith's views on race. 27:First Lady of the United States from 1901 to 1909 7663:Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States 5794:Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States 5117:Edith Kermit Roosevelt: Portrait of a First Lady 5035:Edith Kermit Roosevelt: Portrait of a First Lady 1629:Edith Kermit Roosevelt: Portrait of a First Lady 5053:Schneider, Dorothy; Schneider, Carl J. (2010). 952:, as she had a low estimation of his opponent, 7623:First ladies and gentlemen of New York (state) 1257:as his successor to run as a candidate in the 992:Edith Roosevelt and her daughter Ethel in 1904 6888:Theodore Roosevelt Center and Digital Library 6021: 5778: 5408: 1571:.' Not slow tempo. Recessional Hymn No. 226 ' 481:. She was the first of two daughters born to 8: 7653:People from the Flatiron District, Manhattan 1391:approached, Edith campaigned for Republican 1179:on women's hats in 1905, and she joined the 826:approached, Theodore considered running for 179:January 1, 1899 – December 31, 1900 7018:Theodore Roosevelt United States Courthouse 4993:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 265–282. 1384:for its portrayal of Theodore as immature. 1078:. She then ensured the continuation of the 910:Edith Roosevelt and her son Quentin in 1902 129:March 4, 1901 – September 14, 1901 77:September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909 6028: 6014: 6006: 5785: 5771: 5763: 5415: 5401: 5393: 5294: 1475:, Mexico, in early 1926 where she visited 1190:. Edith hosted the famous German composer 920:particularly those suspected of adultery. 742:, Edith supported American efforts to end 390:from 1901 to 1909. She was previously the 42: 31: 6744:"Citizenship in a Republic" (1910 speech) 1021:of her stepdaughter Alice to Congressman 848:Theodore's inauguration as vice president 6631:Smithsonian–Roosevelt African expedition 4972:. Garland Publishing. pp. 294–320. 4865: 4814: 4721: 4403: 4277: 4260: 4241: 4012: 3769: 3423: 3275: 3154: 3106: 3026: 2637: 2510: 2418: 2323: 2026: 1925: 1869: 1554:Edith spent the early months of 1938 in 1444:Further travel and political involvement 1349:United States involvement in World War I 1175:'s efforts to end the use of decorative 1010:Grand Duke Boris Vladimirovich of Russia 769:, Edith worried he would be targeted by 7648:People from Oyster Bay (town), New York 7633:Family of Jonathan Edwards (theologian) 5115:Presentation by Sylvia Jukes Morris on 5056:First Ladies: A Biographical Dictionary 4901: 4889: 4877: 4850: 4799: 4531: 4217: 4048: 3985: 3925: 3880: 3781: 3595: 3547: 3518: 3467: 3396: 3357: 3222: 3195: 2903: 2867: 2827: 2695: 2433: 2406: 2382: 2282: 2258: 2150: 1908: 1893: 1845: 1830: 1813: 1726: 1689: 1434:drama performed in Japan, particularly 1411:had died in late 1922, she traveled to 558:in New York, and in 1886 they took the 292: 1886; died 1919) 6840:United States presidential elections: 5134:Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal 5100: 4733: 4704: 4687: 4675: 4663: 4651: 4639: 4627: 4615: 4603: 4591: 4579: 4567: 4555: 4543: 4514: 4502: 4490: 4478: 4466: 4454: 4442: 4430: 4415: 4388: 4376: 4364: 4352: 4340: 4328: 4316: 4304: 4229: 4196: 4184: 4147: 4135: 4123: 4099: 4075: 4060: 4036: 3997: 3961: 3949: 3937: 3913: 3865: 3853: 3841: 3829: 3817: 3757: 3721: 3619: 3559: 3535: 3435: 3411: 3381: 3369: 3330: 3294: 3258: 3246: 3207: 3130: 3118: 3077: 3065: 3050: 3038: 2999: 2987: 2963: 2939: 2915: 2886: 2815: 2803: 2755: 2743: 2731: 2719: 2707: 2678: 2649: 2618: 2606: 2594: 2570: 2558: 2546: 2534: 2522: 2481: 2469: 2445: 2394: 2370: 2306: 2294: 2270: 2246: 2234: 2222: 2210: 2198: 2174: 2131: 2119: 2107: 2074: 2062: 2050: 2007: 1980: 1881: 1857: 1801: 1774: 1762: 1750: 1738: 1543:Edith's heart condition, diagnosed as 1227:United States House of Representatives 7107:"Speak softly, and carry a big stick" 6638:"River of Doubt" Amazonian expedition 5177:The Roosevelt Family of Sagamore Hill 4838: 4826: 4784: 4760: 4745: 4292: 4087: 4024: 3973: 3805: 3793: 3745: 3733: 3709: 3694: 3682: 3670: 3658: 3646: 3634: 3607: 3583: 3571: 3506: 3494: 3482: 3450: 3345: 3318: 3306: 3234: 3166: 3142: 3011: 2975: 2951: 2927: 2791: 2779: 2767: 2666: 2582: 2498: 2457: 2186: 2162: 2038: 1995: 1949: 1937: 1789: 1127:, to convince Theodore of her ideas. 7: 7004:Roosevelt Memorial, Portland, Oregon 6759:Theodore Roosevelt: An Autobiography 5280:Memoirs of Isabella Hagner 1901-1905 1450:1924 New York gubernatorial election 1448:Theodore III was a candidate in the 1322:1912 Progressive National Convention 7608:20th-century American Episcopalians 7598:19th-century American Episcopalians 6250:Northern Securities Company breakup 6063:Vice President of the United States 5274:First Ladies: Influence & Image 5185:Longworth, Alice Roosevelt (1933). 1524:Governor-General of the Philippines 1507:. After Theodore III was appointed 832:1900 Republican National Convention 828:Vice President of the United States 7039:Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Bridge 6730:"The Strenuous Life" (1899 speech) 5091:. Sienna Research Institute. 2014. 5038:. Coward, McCann & Geoghegan. 1086:. Along with her social secretary 560:New York Elevated Railroad Company 401:Edith Carow grew up alongside the 25: 7628:First ladies of the United States 6220:United States Reclamation Service 6090:New York City Police Commissioner 5424:First ladies of the United States 5256:Works by or about Edith Roosevelt 5080:. Siena Research Institute. 2008. 1363:spent a month at Ethel's home in 1347:As Theodore led the movement for 717:New York City Police Commissioner 632:that year's presidential election 7643:People from Norwich, Connecticut 7561: 7560: 7289:Barnes vs. Roosevelt libel trial 7129:Terrible Teddy, the Grizzly King 6981:Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Park 6953:Mount Rushmore Anniversary coins 6902:Theodore Roosevelt National Park 6811:Republican National Convention: 6658:Birthplace, boyhood home replica 6523:State of the Union Address, 1901 6458:Department of Commerce and Labor 5343:Second Lady of the United States 5109: 5075:"Ranking America's First Ladies" 4951:. Oxford University Press, USA. 1661:Siena College Research Institute 873:, and Edith became the nation's 842:Second lady of the United States 817:her husband's most famous battle 796:New York State Executive Mansion 675:Edith gave birth to a daughter, 462:Siena College Research Institute 392:second lady of the United States 358: 117:Second Lady of the United States 6713:Theodore Roosevelt bibliography 6331:Federal Employers Liability Act 6227:National Wildlife Refuge System 6082:Assistant Secretary of the Navy 5720:First Lady of the United States 5375:First Lady of the United States 5228:Wilson, Dorothy Clarke (1989). 5151:. New York, N.Y.: Basic Books. 1219:staff office for the first lady 881:First lady of the United States 727:by the newly-elected president 725:Assistant Secretary of the Navy 546:Theodore's wife and his mother 516:Adolescence and young adulthood 388:first lady of the United States 289: 65:First Lady of the United States 6946:Theodore Roosevelt Association 6601:"Bull Moose" Progressive Party 6551:Federal judiciary appointments 6198:Devils Tower National Monument 6052:President of the United States 5014:. University Press of Kansas. 4927:. William Morrow and Company. 4773:Schneider & Schneider 2010 4173:Schneider & Schneider 2010 4112:Schneider & Schneider 2010 3902:Schneider & Schneider 2010 3179:Schneider & Schneider 2010 3095:Schneider & Schneider 2010 2853:Schneider & Schneider 2010 2359:Schneider & Schneider 2010 2096:Schneider & Schneider 2010 1969:Schneider & Schneider 2010 1708:Schneider & Schneider 2010 871:president of the United States 1: 7381:Cornelius V. S. Roosevelt III 7011:Proposed presidential library 6909:Theodore Roosevelt Wilderness 6778:Theodore Roosevelt Cyclopedia 6665:Sagamore Hill Home and Museum 6419:Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 5286:Theodore Roosevelt collection 2942:, pp. 240, 243–245, 320. 49: 7638:New York (state) Republicans 6932:Roosevelt Park (San Antonio) 6805:1898 New York state election 6280:Food and Drug Administration 6212:United States Forest Service 6205:Muir Woods National Monument 5188:Crowded Hours: Reminiscences 1181:New York Assembly of Mothers 1162:Charitable work and the arts 18:Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt 7618:Burials in New York (state) 7613:20th-century American women 7603:19th-century American women 6997:Theodore Roosevelt Monument 6481:Inland Waterways Commission 6156:Booker T. Washington dinner 5213:. Oxford University Press. 5145:Caroli, Betty Boyd (1998). 4990:A Companion to First Ladies 1609:William Makepeace Thackeray 1530:. Edith opposed Franklin's 1403:with a party of six to see 1003:White House Easter Egg Roll 896:funeral of William McKinley 834:and was chosen to join the 581:St George's, Hanover Square 7679: 6895:White House Roosevelt Room 5191:. Charles Scribner's Sons. 5174:Hagedorn, Hermann (1954). 1516:1932 presidential election 1389:1920 presidential election 1259:1908 presidential election 1208:Press and public relations 1158:information for Theodore. 966:Albemarle County, Virginia 824:1900 presidential election 7526: 7493:Robert Barnhill Roosevelt 7453:Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt 7032:Theodore Roosevelt Bridge 6925:Roosevelt National Forest 6918:Theodore Roosevelt Island 6444:College football meetings 6043: 5800: 5715: 5445:Martha Jefferson Randolph 5430: 5381: 5372: 5364: 5349: 5340: 5327: 5317: 5310: 5302: 5297: 5108: 1501:Wall Street Crash of 1929 1462:Cleared for Strange Ports 1397:granted the right to vote 1239:dinner at the White House 1234:Marion Graves Anthon Fish 690:. Edith had another son, 564:Manhattan Railway Company 366: 211: 172: 122: 70: 59: 41: 7437:Martha Bulloch Roosevelt 7405:Joseph Willard Roosevelt 7046:Theodore Roosevelt Award 6352:Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty 6170:Newlands Reclamation Act 5845:Ellen Vesta Emery Hamlin 5840:Mary Cyrene Breckinridge 5282:at whitehousehistory.org 5207:Renehan, Edward (1998). 5008:Gould, Lewis L. (2013). 1140:Frances Metcalfe Wolcott 808:Frances Theodora Parsons 636:Civil Service Commission 614:, and she experienced a 548:Martha Bulloch Roosevelt 347:Gertrude Elizabeth Tyler 266:Youngs Memorial Cemetery 7255:League to Enforce Peace 6737:League to Enforce Peace 6624:Boone and Crockett Club 6592:Battle of San Juan Hill 6451:Bureau of Investigation 6241:Conference of Governors 5910:Mariette Rheiner Garner 5885:Cornelia Cole Fairbanks 5312:First Lady of New York 5202:. Fleming H. Revell Co. 5180:. Macmillan Publishers. 4919:Anthony, Carl Sferrazza 1509:Governor of Puerto Rico 1297:Edith Roosevelt in 1917 1281:Return to Sagamore Hill 1106:Edith Roosevelt in 1905 1040:McKim, Mead & White 1029:White House renovations 856:Pan-American Exposition 789:Edith Roosevelt in 1900 761:Theodore returned as a 715:Theodore was appointed 661:Smithsonian Institution 162:Cornelia Cole Fairbanks 7500:Anna Eleanor Roosevelt 7485:James Alfred Roosevelt 7477:James Stephens Bulloch 7445:Anna "Bamie" Roosevelt 7429:Theodore Roosevelt Sr. 7333:Theodore Roosevelt III 7159:Teddy, the Rough Rider 6939:Roosevelt Study Center 6585:Battle of Las Guasimas 6465:Bureau of Corporations 6412:1906 Nobel Peace Prize 6273:Pure Food and Drug Act 5890:Carrie Babcock Sherman 5747:National Historic Site 5196:Looker, Earle (1929). 2954:, pp. 36, 72, 82. 1596: 1545:paroxysmal tachycardia 1424:Great Kantō earthquake 1353:relations with Germany 1298: 1290: 1117:James Rudolph Garfield 1107: 1025:on February 17, 1906. 993: 950:his reelection in 1904 945: 911: 790: 781:First lady of New York 775:first lady of New York 744:Spanish rule over Cuba 738:With the onset of the 712: 711:The Roosevelts in 1894 533:Theodore Roosevelt Sr. 396:first lady of New York 373:Edith Kermit Roosevelt 168:First Lady of New York 7542:William Howard Taft → 7508:Gracie Hall Roosevelt 7413:Edith Roosevelt Derby 7373:Theodore Roosevelt IV 7349:Ethel Carow Roosevelt 6721:The Naval War of 1812 6615:Assassination attempt 6516:White House West Wing 1639:Historical evaluation 1594: 1549:St. Andrew's, Florida 1497:Brooklyn, Connecticut 1454:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1417:Brooklyn, Connecticut 1296: 1288: 1202:The Legal Aid Society 1192:Engelbert Humperdinck 1125:president's secretary 1105: 991: 943: 909: 788: 710: 618:the following year. 612:postpartum depression 606:Edith's first child, 458:Brooklyn, Connecticut 7397:Kermit Roosevelt Jr. 7389:Quentin Roosevelt II 7281:Roosevelt Republican 6785:Archival collections 6571:Spanish–American War 6488:Bureau of the Census 6405:Treaty of Portsmouth 6317:Aldrich–Vreeland Act 6177:Transfer Act of 1905 6074:Governor of New York 5875:Jennie Tuttle Hobart 5199:The White House Gang 1654:Booker T. Washington 1539:Later life and death 1326:was non-fatally shot 1243:Booker T. Washington 1044:Charles Follen McKim 962:Blue Ridge Mountains 863:Adirondack Mountains 767:Governor of New York 740:Spanish–American War 703:Entering public life 479:Norwich, Connecticut 419:governor of New York 415:Spanish–American War 255:Oyster Bay, New York 238:Norwich, Connecticut 150:Jennie Tuttle Hobart 7469:Cornelius Roosevelt 7357:Archibald Roosevelt 7325:Alice Lee Roosevelt 7221:Political positions 7139:Roosevelt in Africa 7080:U.S. postage stamps 6988:Monument Assemblage 6672:Maltese Cross Cabin 6382:Roosevelt Corollary 6324:Tillman Act of 1907 6289:Meat Inspection Act 6266:Coal strike of 1902 6133:Second inauguration 5925:Jane Hadley Barkley 5895:Lois Irene Marshall 5148:The Roosevelt Women 5119:, November 10, 2001 4868:, pp. 307–308. 4736:, pp. 124–125. 4690:, pp. 501–507. 4666:, pp. 497–498. 4654:, pp. 495–496. 4642:, pp. 494–495. 4618:, pp. 487–489. 4606:, pp. 486–487. 4493:, pp. 473–474. 4406:, pp. 313–314. 4391:, pp. 459–461. 4379:, pp. 458–459. 4367:, pp. 455–456. 4331:, pp. 452–453. 4307:, pp. 447–448. 4232:, pp. 449–450. 4114:, pp. 169–170. 4090:, pp. 127–128. 4039:, pp. 396–397. 4027:, pp. 124–125. 4000:, pp. 125–126. 3988:, pp. 315–316. 3976:, pp. 122–123. 3964:, pp. 373–374. 3916:, pp. 362–363. 3868:, pp. 339–340. 3856:, pp. 332–334. 3844:, pp. 337–338. 3796:, pp. 107–108. 3724:, pp. 122–123. 3586:, pp. 101–103. 3562:, pp. 324–325. 3521:, pp. 296–297. 3470:, pp. 310–311. 3438:, pp. 338–339. 3360:, pp. 301–302. 3249:, pp. 303–304. 3181:, pp. 166–167. 3133:, pp. 328–330. 3121:, pp. 322–324. 3053:, pp. 280–281. 3041:, pp. 279–280. 2990:, pp. 266–268. 2918:, pp. 224–225. 2734:, pp. 210–211. 2710:, pp. 208–209. 2609:, pp. 204–205. 2537:, pp. 200–201. 2484:, pp. 187–188. 2448:, pp. 183–184. 2421:, pp. 302–303. 2409:, pp. 302–303. 2273:, pp. 152–153. 2261:, pp. 300–301. 2249:, pp. 148–149. 2237:, pp. 143–145. 2225:, pp. 138–139. 2213:, pp. 127–131. 2201:, pp. 122–124. 2177:, pp. 121–122. 2122:, pp. 116–117. 1896:, pp. 297–298. 1816:, pp. 223–224. 1633:Sylvia Jukes Morris 1625:Library of Congress 1601:Ida Saxton McKinley 1575:.' The anthem from 1503:and the subsequent 1361:Flora Payne Whitney 1255:William Howard Taft 1098:Political influence 1019:White House wedding 984:White House hostess 886:Becoming first lady 771:anarchist assassins 570:Marriage and family 510:William Shakespeare 398:from 1899 to 1900. 98:Ida Saxton McKinley 7533:← William McKinley 7421:Theodora Roosevelt 7317:Edith Kermit Carow 7309:Alice Hathaway Lee 7189:Theodore Roosevelt 7181:, 2014 documentary 7141:, 1910 documentary 7055:Theodore Roosevelt 6398:Russo-Japanese War 6391:Occupation of Cuba 6345:Big stick ideology 6117:First inauguration 6037:Theodore Roosevelt 5855:Ellen Maria Colfax 5645:Jacqueline Kennedy 5475:Angelica Van Buren 5358:Cornelia Fairbanks 5354:Title next held by 5332:Title last held by 4943:Caroli, Betty Boyd 3748:, pp. 99–101. 2818:, p. 219–220. 1679:13th of 39 in 2014 1676:11th of 38 in 2008 1670:14th of 37 in 1993 1667:10th of 42 in 1982 1597: 1471:Edith traveled to 1365:Dark Harbor, Maine 1299: 1291: 1223:Thomas W. Hardwick 1155:Russo-Japanese War 1108: 1023:Nicholas Longworth 994: 946: 912: 902:Life as first lady 791: 713: 541:Alice Hathaway Lee 529:Harvard University 506:Theodore Roosevelt 384:Theodore Roosevelt 278:Theodore Roosevelt 248:September 30, 1948 225:Edith Kermit Carow 187:Theodore Roosevelt 139:Theodore Roosevelt 86:Theodore Roosevelt 7575: 7574: 7461:Corinne Roosevelt 7365:Quentin Roosevelt 7191:, 2022 miniseries 7171:, 1997 miniseries 6771:magazine articles 6502:Perdicaris affair 6495:Great White Fleet 6375:Venezuelan crisis 6359:Panama Canal Zone 6003: 6002: 5955:Happy Rockefeller 5935:Lady Bird Johnson 5870:Letitia Stevenson 5760: 5759: 5650:Lady Bird Johnson 5630:Eleanor Roosevelt 5580:Frances Cleveland 5570:Caroline Harrison 5565:Frances Cleveland 5550:Lucretia Garfield 5530:Mary Todd Lincoln 5435:Martha Washington 5391: 5390: 5382:Succeeded by 5318:Succeeded by 5220:978-0-19-512719-5 5128: 5127: 5066:978-1-4381-0815-5 5021:978-0-7006-2651-9 5000:978-1-118-73218-2 4979:978-0-8153-1479-0 4958:978-0-19-539285-2 4934:978-0-688-11272-1 4748:, pp. 25–26. 3697:, pp. 66–67. 3685:, pp. 51–52. 3673:, pp. 48–66. 3610:, pp. 50–51. 3574:, pp. 34–36. 3497:, pp. 89–90. 3321:, pp. 41–42. 3309:, pp. 40–41. 3237:, pp. 42–44. 2978:, pp. 81–82. 2770:, pp. 26–27. 2041:, pp. 11–12. 1673:9th of 38 in 2003 1595:Official portrait 1409:Richard Derby Jr. 1393:Warren G. Harding 1307:Eleanor Alexander 1263:Helen Herron Taft 1197:Hansel and Gretel 1144:Edward O. Wolcott 1090:and the reporter 1084:Caroline Harrison 1080:White House china 1068:State Dining Room 752:Montauk, New York 696:mayor of New York 628:Benjamin Harrison 624:Cecil Spring Rice 498:Corinne Roosevelt 442:Warren G. Harding 370: 369: 110:Helen Herron Taft 16:(Redirected from 7670: 7658:Roosevelt family 7568: 7564: 7563: 7554: 7545: 7536: 7519: 7511: 7503: 7495: 7488: 7480: 7472: 7464: 7456: 7448: 7440: 7432: 7424: 7416: 7408: 7400: 7392: 7384: 7376: 7368: 7360: 7352: 7344: 7341:Kermit Roosevelt 7336: 7328: 7320: 7312: 7291: 7284: 7275: 7266: 7263:A Guest of Honor 7257: 7248: 7239: 7232: 7223: 7203: 7193: 7183: 7173: 7163: 7153: 7149:The Rough Riders 7143: 7133: 7123: 7116: 7109: 7102: 7082: 7075: 7068: 7048: 7041: 7034: 7027: 7020: 7013: 7006: 6999: 6990: 6983: 6974: 6972:Portland, Oregon 6967: 6960: 6955: 6948: 6941: 6934: 6927: 6920: 6911: 6904: 6897: 6890: 6883: 6876: 6858: 6851: 6844: 6836: 6829: 6822: 6815: 6807: 6787: 6780: 6773: 6763: 6753: 6746: 6739: 6732: 6725: 6715: 6695: 6688: 6681: 6674: 6667: 6660: 6640: 6633: 6626: 6617: 6610: 6603: 6594: 6587: 6580: 6573: 6553: 6546: 6544:White House desk 6539: 6532: 6525: 6518: 6511: 6504: 6497: 6490: 6483: 6476: 6467: 6460: 6453: 6446: 6437: 6430: 6428:Army War College 6421: 6414: 6407: 6400: 6393: 6384: 6377: 6368: 6361: 6354: 6347: 6340: 6333: 6326: 6319: 6312: 6305: 6298: 6291: 6282: 6275: 6268: 6259: 6252: 6243: 6236: 6229: 6222: 6215: 6207: 6200: 6193: 6186: 6179: 6172: 6165: 6158: 6151: 6142: 6135: 6126: 6119: 6093: 6085: 6077: 6066: 6055: 6030: 6023: 6016: 6007: 5835:Abigail Fillmore 5787: 5780: 5773: 5764: 5640:Mamie Eisenhower 5615:Florence Harding 5515:Abigail Fillmore 5455:Elizabeth Monroe 5417: 5410: 5403: 5394: 5365:Preceded by 5303:Preceded by 5298:Honorary titles 5295: 5260:Internet Archive 5245: 5224: 5203: 5192: 5181: 5170: 5141: 5113: 5112: 5101: 5092: 5090: 5081: 5079: 5070: 5049: 5025: 5004: 4983: 4962: 4938: 4905: 4899: 4893: 4887: 4881: 4875: 4869: 4863: 4854: 4848: 4842: 4836: 4830: 4824: 4818: 4812: 4803: 4797: 4788: 4782: 4776: 4770: 4764: 4758: 4749: 4743: 4737: 4731: 4725: 4719: 4708: 4702: 4691: 4685: 4679: 4673: 4667: 4661: 4655: 4649: 4643: 4637: 4631: 4625: 4619: 4613: 4607: 4601: 4595: 4589: 4583: 4577: 4571: 4565: 4559: 4553: 4547: 4541: 4535: 4529: 4518: 4512: 4506: 4500: 4494: 4488: 4482: 4476: 4470: 4464: 4458: 4452: 4446: 4440: 4434: 4428: 4419: 4413: 4407: 4401: 4392: 4386: 4380: 4374: 4368: 4362: 4356: 4350: 4344: 4338: 4332: 4326: 4320: 4314: 4308: 4302: 4296: 4290: 4281: 4275: 4264: 4258: 4245: 4239: 4233: 4227: 4221: 4215: 4200: 4194: 4188: 4182: 4176: 4170: 4151: 4145: 4139: 4133: 4127: 4121: 4115: 4109: 4103: 4097: 4091: 4085: 4079: 4073: 4064: 4058: 4052: 4046: 4040: 4034: 4028: 4022: 4016: 4010: 4001: 3995: 3989: 3983: 3977: 3971: 3965: 3959: 3953: 3947: 3941: 3935: 3929: 3923: 3917: 3911: 3905: 3899: 3884: 3878: 3869: 3863: 3857: 3851: 3845: 3839: 3833: 3827: 3821: 3815: 3809: 3803: 3797: 3791: 3785: 3779: 3773: 3767: 3761: 3755: 3749: 3743: 3737: 3731: 3725: 3719: 3713: 3707: 3698: 3692: 3686: 3680: 3674: 3668: 3662: 3656: 3650: 3644: 3638: 3632: 3623: 3617: 3611: 3605: 3599: 3593: 3587: 3581: 3575: 3569: 3563: 3557: 3551: 3545: 3539: 3533: 3522: 3516: 3510: 3504: 3498: 3492: 3486: 3480: 3471: 3465: 3454: 3448: 3439: 3433: 3427: 3421: 3415: 3409: 3400: 3394: 3385: 3379: 3373: 3367: 3361: 3355: 3349: 3343: 3334: 3328: 3322: 3316: 3310: 3304: 3298: 3292: 3279: 3273: 3262: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3238: 3232: 3226: 3220: 3211: 3205: 3199: 3193: 3182: 3176: 3170: 3164: 3158: 3152: 3146: 3140: 3134: 3128: 3122: 3116: 3110: 3104: 3098: 3092: 3081: 3075: 3069: 3063: 3054: 3048: 3042: 3036: 3030: 3024: 3015: 3009: 3003: 2997: 2991: 2985: 2979: 2973: 2967: 2961: 2955: 2949: 2943: 2937: 2931: 2930:, p. 79–80. 2925: 2919: 2913: 2907: 2901: 2890: 2884: 2871: 2865: 2856: 2850: 2831: 2825: 2819: 2813: 2807: 2801: 2795: 2789: 2783: 2777: 2771: 2765: 2759: 2753: 2747: 2741: 2735: 2729: 2723: 2717: 2711: 2705: 2699: 2693: 2682: 2676: 2670: 2664: 2653: 2647: 2641: 2635: 2622: 2616: 2610: 2604: 2598: 2592: 2586: 2580: 2574: 2568: 2562: 2556: 2550: 2544: 2538: 2532: 2526: 2520: 2514: 2508: 2502: 2496: 2485: 2479: 2473: 2467: 2461: 2455: 2449: 2443: 2437: 2431: 2422: 2416: 2410: 2404: 2398: 2392: 2386: 2380: 2374: 2368: 2362: 2356: 2327: 2321: 2310: 2304: 2298: 2292: 2286: 2280: 2274: 2268: 2262: 2256: 2250: 2244: 2238: 2232: 2226: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2202: 2196: 2190: 2184: 2178: 2172: 2166: 2160: 2154: 2148: 2135: 2129: 2123: 2117: 2111: 2105: 2099: 2093: 2078: 2072: 2066: 2060: 2054: 2048: 2042: 2036: 2030: 2024: 2011: 2005: 1999: 1993: 1984: 1978: 1972: 1966: 1953: 1947: 1941: 1935: 1929: 1923: 1912: 1906: 1897: 1891: 1885: 1879: 1873: 1867: 1861: 1855: 1849: 1843: 1834: 1828: 1817: 1811: 1805: 1799: 1793: 1787: 1778: 1772: 1766: 1760: 1754: 1748: 1742: 1736: 1730: 1724: 1711: 1705: 1528:the inauguration 1505:Great Depression 1382:Henry F. Pringle 1309:had a daughter, 1170: 1121:William Loeb Jr. 1036:Lafayette Square 852:William McKinley 836:Republican Party 729:William McKinley 688:Grover Cleveland 650:Washington, D.C. 640:Washington, D.C. 494:Roosevelt family 427:cabinet members' 417:and was elected 411:Washington, D.C. 403:Roosevelt family 394:in 1901 and the 362: 293: 291: 251: 234: 232: 216:Personal details 204: 194: 177: 158: 146: 136: 127: 106: 94: 75: 54: 51: 46: 32: 21: 7678: 7677: 7673: 7672: 7671: 7669: 7668: 7667: 7578: 7577: 7576: 7571: 7559: 7552:← Garret Hobart 7550: 7539: 7530: 7522: 7514: 7506: 7498: 7491: 7483: 7475: 7467: 7459: 7451: 7443: 7435: 7427: 7423:(granddaughter) 7419: 7415:(granddaughter) 7411: 7403: 7395: 7387: 7379: 7371: 7363: 7355: 7347: 7339: 7331: 7323: 7315: 7307: 7294: 7287: 7278: 7269: 7260: 7253: 7242: 7235: 7226: 7219: 7208: 7196: 7186: 7176: 7166: 7156: 7146: 7136: 7126: 7119: 7112: 7105: 7098: 7091: 7085: 7078: 7071: 7051: 7044: 7037: 7030: 7025:Roosevelt River 7023: 7016: 7009: 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5756: 5711: 5680:Hillary Clinton 5665:Rosalynn Carter 5605:Margaret Wilson 5590:Edith Roosevelt 5510:Margaret Taylor 5495:Priscilla Tyler 5426: 5421: 5387: 5378: 5370: 5355: 5346: 5333: 5323: 5314: 5308: 5290:Harvard Library 5265:Edith Roosevelt 5252: 5242: 5227: 5221: 5206: 5195: 5184: 5173: 5159: 5144: 5131: 5110: 5104:External videos 5099: 5097:Further reading 5088: 5084: 5077: 5073: 5067: 5052: 5046: 5028: 5022: 5007: 5001: 4986: 4980: 4965: 4959: 4941: 4935: 4917: 4914: 4909: 4908: 4900: 4896: 4888: 4884: 4876: 4872: 4864: 4857: 4849: 4845: 4837: 4833: 4825: 4821: 4813: 4806: 4798: 4791: 4783: 4779: 4771: 4767: 4759: 4752: 4744: 4740: 4732: 4728: 4720: 4711: 4703: 4694: 4686: 4682: 4674: 4670: 4662: 4658: 4650: 4646: 4638: 4634: 4626: 4622: 4614: 4610: 4602: 4598: 4590: 4586: 4578: 4574: 4566: 4562: 4554: 4550: 4542: 4538: 4530: 4521: 4513: 4509: 4501: 4497: 4489: 4485: 4477: 4473: 4465: 4461: 4453: 4449: 4441: 4437: 4429: 4422: 4414: 4410: 4402: 4395: 4387: 4383: 4375: 4371: 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Parker 917:cabinet members 904: 888: 883: 846:Edith attended 844: 783: 705: 652: 577: 572: 518: 502:Abraham Lincoln 475: 470: 350: 331: 295: 287: 283: 280: 253: 249: 236: 230: 228: 227: 226: 202: 192: 178: 173: 156: 144: 134: 128: 123: 104: 92: 76: 71: 55: 52: 37: 36:Edith Roosevelt 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7676: 7674: 7666: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7615: 7610: 7605: 7600: 7595: 7590: 7580: 7579: 7573: 7572: 7570: 7569: 7556: 7555: 7547: 7546: 7537: 7527: 7524: 7523: 7521: 7520: 7512: 7504: 7496: 7489: 7481: 7473: 7465: 7457: 7449: 7441: 7433: 7425: 7417: 7409: 7401: 7393: 7385: 7377: 7369: 7361: 7353: 7345: 7337: 7329: 7321: 7313: 7304: 7302: 7296: 7295: 7293: 7292: 7285: 7276: 7267: 7258: 7251: 7250: 7249: 7233: 7224: 7216: 7214: 7210: 7209: 7207: 7206: 7205: 7204: 7194: 7184: 7179:The Roosevelts 7174: 7164: 7154: 7144: 7134: 7117: 7110: 7103: 7095: 7093: 7087: 7086: 7084: 7083: 7076: 7073:Roosevelt Road 7069: 7049: 7042: 7035: 7028: 7021: 7014: 7007: 7000: 6993: 6992: 6991: 6977: 6976: 6975: 6968: 6956: 6949: 6942: 6935: 6928: 6921: 6914: 6913: 6912: 6898: 6891: 6884: 6881:Mount Rushmore 6877: 6869: 6867: 6863: 6862: 6860: 6859: 6852: 6845: 6837: 6830: 6823: 6816: 6808: 6800: 6798: 6792: 6791: 6789: 6788: 6781: 6774: 6764: 6754: 6747: 6740: 6733: 6726: 6716: 6708: 6706: 6700: 6699: 6697: 6696: 6689: 6682: 6675: 6668: 6661: 6653: 6651: 6645: 6644: 6642: 6641: 6634: 6627: 6620: 6619: 6618: 6611: 6597: 6596: 6595: 6588: 6581: 6566: 6564: 6558: 6557: 6555: 6554: 6547: 6540: 6533: 6526: 6519: 6512: 6505: 6498: 6491: 6484: 6477: 6470: 6469: 6468: 6454: 6447: 6440: 6439: 6438: 6435:Roosevelt Hall 6424: 6423: 6422: 6415: 6408: 6394: 6387: 6386: 6385: 6371: 6370: 6369: 6362: 6348: 6341: 6334: 6327: 6320: 6313: 6306: 6299: 6296:Expediting Act 6292: 6285: 6284: 6283: 6269: 6262: 6261: 6260: 6246: 6245: 6244: 6237: 6234:Roosevelt Arch 6230: 6223: 6216: 6208: 6201: 6194: 6191:Pelican Island 6187: 6180: 6173: 6159: 6152: 6143: 6140:Foreign policy 6136: 6129: 6128: 6127: 6112: 6110: 6098: 6097: 6095: 6094: 6086: 6078: 6067: 6056: 6044: 6041: 6040: 6035: 6033: 6032: 6025: 6018: 6010: 6001: 6000: 5998: 5997: 5995:Douglas Emhoff 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5970:Marilyn Quayle 5967: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5900:Grace Coolidge 5897: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5862: 5857: 5852: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5801: 5798: 5797: 5792: 5790: 5789: 5782: 5775: 5767: 5758: 5757: 5755: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5743: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5725:bibliographies 5716: 5713: 5712: 5710: 5709: 5704: 5699: 5697:Michelle Obama 5694: 5689: 5688: 5687: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5620:Grace Coolidge 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5560:Rose Cleveland 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5465:Emily Donelson 5462: 5457: 5452: 5450:Dolley Madison 5447: 5442: 5437: 5431: 5428: 5427: 5422: 5420: 5419: 5412: 5405: 5397: 5389: 5388: 5383: 5380: 5371: 5366: 5362: 5361: 5353: 5348: 5339: 5331: 5325: 5324: 5319: 5316: 5309: 5304: 5300: 5299: 5293: 5292: 5283: 5277: 5262: 5251: 5250:External links 5248: 5247: 5246: 5240: 5225: 5219: 5204: 5193: 5182: 5171: 5157: 5142: 5126: 5125: 5106: 5105: 5098: 5095: 5094: 5093: 5082: 5071: 5065: 5050: 5044: 5030:Morris, Sylvia 5026: 5020: 5005: 4999: 4984: 4978: 4963: 4957: 4939: 4933: 4913: 4910: 4907: 4906: 4894: 4882: 4880:, p. 305. 4870: 4855: 4853:, p. 308. 4843: 4841:, p. 112. 4831: 4829:, p. 131. 4819: 4817:, p. 317. 4804: 4802:, p. 319. 4789: 4777: 4775:, p. 171. 4765: 4750: 4738: 4726: 4724:, p. 316. 4709: 4707:, p. 516. 4692: 4680: 4678:, p. 502. 4668: 4656: 4644: 4632: 4630:, p. 489. 4620: 4608: 4596: 4594:, p. 485. 4584: 4582:, p. 483. 4572: 4570:, p. 482. 4560: 4548: 4546:, p. 477. 4536: 4534:, p. 318. 4519: 4517:, p. 475. 4507: 4505:, p. 474. 4495: 4483: 4481:, p. 469. 4471: 4469:, p. 472. 4459: 4457:, p. 467. 4447: 4445:, p. 471. 4435: 4433:, p. 464. 4420: 4418:, p. 457. 4408: 4393: 4381: 4369: 4357: 4355:, p. 453. 4345: 4343:, p. 452. 4333: 4321: 4319:, p. 450. 4309: 4297: 4295:, p. 130. 4282: 4280:, p. 315. 4265: 4263:, p. 314. 4246: 4244:, p. 313. 4234: 4222: 4220:, p. 317. 4201: 4199:, p. 445. 4189: 4187:, p. 437. 4177: 4175:, p. 170. 4152: 4150:, p. 425. 4140: 4138:, p. 423. 4128: 4126:, p. 415. 4116: 4104: 4102:, p. 411. 4092: 4080: 4078:, p. 408. 4065: 4063:, p. 406. 4053: 4051:, p. 316. 4041: 4029: 4017: 4015:, p. 312. 4002: 3990: 3978: 3966: 3954: 3952:, p. 373. 3942: 3940:, p. 367. 3930: 3928:, p. 315. 3918: 3906: 3904:, p. 169. 3885: 3883:, p. 314. 3870: 3858: 3846: 3834: 3832:, p. 335. 3822: 3820:, p. 336. 3810: 3808:, p. 109. 3798: 3786: 3784:, p. 313. 3774: 3772:, p. 308. 3762: 3760:, p. 277. 3750: 3738: 3726: 3714: 3699: 3687: 3675: 3663: 3651: 3649:, p. 101. 3639: 3624: 3622:, p. 332. 3612: 3600: 3598:, p. 311. 3588: 3576: 3564: 3552: 3550:, p. 312. 3540: 3538:, p. 125. 3523: 3511: 3499: 3487: 3472: 3455: 3440: 3428: 3426:, p. 306. 3416: 3414:, p. 253. 3401: 3399:, p. 309. 3386: 3384:, p. 248. 3374: 3372:, p. 255. 3362: 3350: 3335: 3333:, p. 243. 3323: 3311: 3299: 3297:, p. 123. 3280: 3278:, p. 305. 3263: 3261:, p. 242. 3251: 3239: 3227: 3225:, p. 299. 3212: 3210:, p. 266. 3200: 3198:, p. 310. 3183: 3171: 3159: 3157:, p. 307. 3147: 3135: 3123: 3111: 3109:, p. 309. 3099: 3097:, p. 168. 3082: 3080:, p. 292. 3070: 3068:, p. 289. 3055: 3043: 3031: 3029:, p. 310. 3016: 3004: 3002:, p. 273. 2992: 2980: 2968: 2966:, p. 318. 2956: 2944: 2932: 2920: 2908: 2906:, p. 307. 2891: 2889:, p. 124. 2872: 2870:, p. 296. 2857: 2855:, p. 167. 2832: 2830:, p. 306. 2820: 2808: 2806:, p. 220. 2796: 2784: 2772: 2760: 2758:, p. 214. 2748: 2746:, p. 212. 2736: 2724: 2722:, p. 209. 2712: 2700: 2698:, p. 305. 2683: 2681:, p. 207. 2671: 2654: 2652:, p. 206. 2642: 2640:, p. 304. 2623: 2621:, p. 204. 2611: 2599: 2597:, p. 199. 2587: 2575: 2573:, p. 203. 2563: 2561:, p. 196. 2551: 2549:, p. 194. 2539: 2527: 2525:, p. 193. 2515: 2513:, p. 303. 2503: 2486: 2474: 2472:, p. 184. 2462: 2450: 2438: 2436:, p. 303. 2423: 2411: 2399: 2397:, p. 173. 2387: 2385:, p. 302. 2375: 2373:, p. 166. 2363: 2361:, p. 166. 2328: 2326:, p. 302. 2311: 2309:, p. 162. 2299: 2297:, p. 157. 2287: 2285:, p. 301. 2275: 2263: 2251: 2239: 2227: 2215: 2203: 2191: 2179: 2167: 2155: 2153:, p. 300. 2136: 2134:, p. 119. 2124: 2112: 2110:, p. 111. 2100: 2098:, p. 165. 2079: 2077:, p. 121. 2067: 2065:, p. 116. 2055: 2053:, p. 113. 2043: 2031: 2029:, p. 301. 2012: 2010:, p. 109. 2000: 1985: 1983:, p. 106. 1973: 1971:, p. 164. 1954: 1942: 1930: 1928:, p. 300. 1913: 1911:, p. 298. 1898: 1886: 1874: 1872:, p. 299. 1862: 1850: 1848:, p. 296. 1835: 1833:, p. 297. 1818: 1806: 1794: 1779: 1767: 1755: 1743: 1731: 1729:, p. 294. 1712: 1710:, p. 163. 1688: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1681: 1680: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1668: 1649:Lewis L. Gould 1640: 1637: 1588: 1585: 1581:Ninth Symphony 1569:The Son of God 1540: 1537: 1520:Herbert Hoover 1493:Mortlake Manor 1445: 1442: 1428:Imperial Hotel 1405:Kaieteur Falls 1401:British Guiana 1372: 1369: 1334:Woodrow Wilson 1282: 1279: 1250: 1247: 1209: 1206: 1188:Richard Wagner 1163: 1160: 1132:Secret Service 1099: 1096: 1030: 1027: 985: 982: 978:Archibald Butt 903: 900: 887: 884: 882: 879: 843: 840: 815:, the site of 782: 779: 704: 701: 651: 648: 576: 573: 571: 568: 517: 514: 474: 471: 469: 466: 450:Herbert Hoover 368: 367: 364: 363: 356: 352: 351: 349: 348: 345: 339: 337: 333: 332: 330: 329: 324: 319: 314: 309: 303: 301: 297: 296: 285: 281: 276: 275: 273: 269: 268: 263: 259: 258: 252:(aged 87) 246: 242: 241: 235:August 6, 1861 224: 222: 218: 217: 213: 212: 209: 208: 205: 199: 198: 195: 189: 188: 185: 181: 180: 170: 169: 165: 164: 159: 153: 152: 147: 141: 140: 137: 135:Vice President 131: 130: 120: 119: 113: 112: 107: 101: 100: 95: 89: 88: 83: 79: 78: 68: 67: 61: 60: 57: 56: 47: 39: 38: 35: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7675: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7611: 7609: 7606: 7604: 7601: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7585: 7583: 7567: 7558: 7557: 7553: 7549: 7548: 7544: 7543: 7538: 7535: 7534: 7529: 7528: 7525: 7517: 7513: 7509: 7505: 7501: 7497: 7494: 7490: 7486: 7482: 7479:(grandfather) 7478: 7474: 7471:(grandfather) 7470: 7466: 7462: 7458: 7454: 7450: 7446: 7442: 7438: 7434: 7430: 7426: 7422: 7418: 7414: 7410: 7406: 7402: 7398: 7394: 7390: 7386: 7382: 7378: 7374: 7370: 7366: 7362: 7358: 7354: 7350: 7346: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7330: 7326: 7322: 7319:(second wife) 7318: 7314: 7310: 7306: 7305: 7303: 7301: 7297: 7290: 7286: 7282: 7277: 7273: 7268: 7265: 7264: 7259: 7256: 7252: 7246: 7245:Nature fakers 7241: 7240: 7238: 7234: 7230: 7225: 7222: 7218: 7217: 7215: 7211: 7202: 7201:, 2024 series 7200: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7125: 7124: 7122: 7118: 7115: 7111: 7108: 7104: 7101: 7097: 7096: 7094: 7088: 7081: 7077: 7074: 7070: 7066: 7062: 7058: 7056: 7050: 7047: 7043: 7040: 7036: 7033: 7029: 7026: 7022: 7019: 7015: 7012: 7008: 7005: 7001: 6998: 6994: 6989: 6985: 6984: 6982: 6978: 6973: 6969: 6966: 6965:New York City 6962: 6961: 6957: 6954: 6950: 6947: 6943: 6940: 6936: 6933: 6929: 6926: 6922: 6919: 6915: 6910: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6899: 6896: 6892: 6889: 6885: 6882: 6878: 6875: 6871: 6870: 6868: 6864: 6857: 6853: 6850: 6846: 6843: 6838: 6835: 6831: 6828: 6824: 6821: 6817: 6814: 6809: 6806: 6802: 6801: 6799: 6797: 6793: 6786: 6782: 6779: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6755: 6752: 6748: 6745: 6741: 6738: 6734: 6731: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6717: 6714: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6701: 6694: 6690: 6687: 6683: 6680: 6679:Elkhorn Ranch 6676: 6673: 6669: 6666: 6662: 6659: 6655: 6654: 6652: 6646: 6639: 6635: 6632: 6628: 6625: 6621: 6616: 6612: 6609: 6605: 6604: 6602: 6598: 6593: 6589: 6586: 6582: 6579: 6575: 6574: 6572: 6568: 6567: 6565: 6559: 6552: 6548: 6545: 6541: 6538: 6534: 6531: 6527: 6524: 6520: 6517: 6513: 6510: 6506: 6503: 6499: 6496: 6492: 6489: 6485: 6482: 6478: 6475: 6471: 6466: 6462: 6461: 6459: 6455: 6452: 6448: 6445: 6441: 6436: 6432: 6431: 6429: 6425: 6420: 6416: 6413: 6409: 6406: 6402: 6401: 6399: 6395: 6392: 6388: 6383: 6379: 6378: 6376: 6372: 6367: 6363: 6360: 6356: 6355: 6353: 6349: 6346: 6342: 6339: 6335: 6332: 6328: 6325: 6321: 6318: 6314: 6311: 6307: 6304: 6300: 6297: 6293: 6290: 6286: 6281: 6277: 6276: 6274: 6270: 6267: 6263: 6258: 6254: 6253: 6251: 6247: 6242: 6238: 6235: 6231: 6228: 6224: 6221: 6217: 6213: 6209: 6206: 6202: 6199: 6195: 6192: 6188: 6185: 6181: 6178: 6174: 6171: 6167: 6166: 6164: 6160: 6157: 6153: 6149: 6144: 6141: 6137: 6134: 6130: 6125: 6124:historic site 6121: 6120: 6118: 6114: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6103: 6099: 6091: 6087: 6083: 6079: 6075: 6072: 6068: 6064: 6061: 6057: 6053: 6050: 6046: 6045: 6042: 6038: 6031: 6026: 6024: 6019: 6017: 6012: 6011: 6008: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5850:Eliza Johnson 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5830:Sophia Dallas 5828: 5826: 5825:Letitia Tyler 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5805:Abigail Adams 5803: 5802: 5799: 5795: 5788: 5783: 5781: 5776: 5774: 5769: 5768: 5765: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5722: 5721: 5718: 5717: 5714: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5702:Melania Trump 5700: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5686: 5683: 5682: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5575:Mary Harrison 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5535:Eliza Johnson 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5490:Letitia Tyler 5488: 5486: 5485:Jane Harrison 5483: 5481: 5480:Anna Harrison 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5470:Sarah Jackson 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5440:Abigail Adams 5438: 5436: 5433: 5432: 5429: 5425: 5418: 5413: 5411: 5406: 5404: 5399: 5398: 5395: 5386: 5377: 5376: 5369: 5363: 5360: 5359: 5352: 5345: 5344: 5338: 5337: 5336:Jennie Hobart 5330: 5326: 5322: 5313: 5307: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5287: 5284: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5275: 5270: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5257: 5254: 5253: 5249: 5243: 5241:0-385-24349-9 5237: 5234:. Doubleday. 5233: 5232: 5226: 5222: 5216: 5212: 5211: 5205: 5201: 5200: 5194: 5190: 5189: 5183: 5179: 5178: 5172: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5154: 5150: 5149: 5143: 5139: 5135: 5130: 5129: 5124: 5120: 5118: 5107: 5102: 5096: 5087: 5083: 5076: 5072: 5068: 5062: 5058: 5057: 5051: 5047: 5045:0-698-10994-5 5041: 5037: 5036: 5031: 5027: 5023: 5017: 5013: 5012: 5006: 5002: 4996: 4992: 4991: 4985: 4981: 4975: 4971: 4970: 4964: 4960: 4954: 4950: 4949: 4944: 4940: 4936: 4930: 4926: 4925: 4920: 4916: 4915: 4911: 4903: 4898: 4895: 4891: 4886: 4883: 4879: 4874: 4871: 4867: 4866:Forslund 2016 4862: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4847: 4844: 4840: 4835: 4832: 4828: 4823: 4820: 4816: 4815:Forslund 2016 4811: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4796: 4794: 4790: 4787:, p. 89. 4786: 4781: 4778: 4774: 4769: 4766: 4763:, p. 23. 4762: 4757: 4755: 4751: 4747: 4742: 4739: 4735: 4730: 4727: 4723: 4722:Forslund 2016 4718: 4716: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4701: 4699: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4684: 4681: 4677: 4672: 4669: 4665: 4660: 4657: 4653: 4648: 4645: 4641: 4636: 4633: 4629: 4624: 4621: 4617: 4612: 4609: 4605: 4600: 4597: 4593: 4588: 4585: 4581: 4576: 4573: 4569: 4564: 4561: 4558:, p. 79. 4557: 4552: 4549: 4545: 4540: 4537: 4533: 4528: 4526: 4524: 4520: 4516: 4511: 4508: 4504: 4499: 4496: 4492: 4487: 4484: 4480: 4475: 4472: 4468: 4463: 4460: 4456: 4451: 4448: 4444: 4439: 4436: 4432: 4427: 4425: 4421: 4417: 4412: 4409: 4405: 4404:Forslund 2016 4400: 4398: 4394: 4390: 4385: 4382: 4378: 4373: 4370: 4366: 4361: 4358: 4354: 4349: 4346: 4342: 4337: 4334: 4330: 4325: 4322: 4318: 4313: 4310: 4306: 4301: 4298: 4294: 4289: 4287: 4283: 4279: 4278:Forslund 2016 4274: 4272: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4261:Forslund 2016 4257: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4242:Forslund 2016 4238: 4235: 4231: 4226: 4223: 4219: 4214: 4212: 4210: 4208: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4193: 4190: 4186: 4181: 4178: 4174: 4169: 4167: 4165: 4163: 4161: 4159: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4144: 4141: 4137: 4132: 4129: 4125: 4120: 4117: 4113: 4108: 4105: 4101: 4096: 4093: 4089: 4084: 4081: 4077: 4072: 4070: 4066: 4062: 4057: 4054: 4050: 4045: 4042: 4038: 4033: 4030: 4026: 4021: 4018: 4014: 4013:Forslund 2016 4009: 4007: 4003: 3999: 3994: 3991: 3987: 3982: 3979: 3975: 3970: 3967: 3963: 3958: 3955: 3951: 3946: 3943: 3939: 3934: 3931: 3927: 3922: 3919: 3915: 3910: 3907: 3903: 3898: 3896: 3894: 3892: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3877: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3862: 3859: 3855: 3850: 3847: 3843: 3838: 3835: 3831: 3826: 3823: 3819: 3814: 3811: 3807: 3802: 3799: 3795: 3790: 3787: 3783: 3778: 3775: 3771: 3770:Forslund 2016 3766: 3763: 3759: 3754: 3751: 3747: 3742: 3739: 3736:, p. 28. 3735: 3730: 3727: 3723: 3718: 3715: 3712:, p. 27. 3711: 3706: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3691: 3688: 3684: 3679: 3676: 3672: 3667: 3664: 3661:, p. 54. 3660: 3655: 3652: 3648: 3643: 3640: 3637:, p. 24. 3636: 3631: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3616: 3613: 3609: 3604: 3601: 3597: 3592: 3589: 3585: 3580: 3577: 3573: 3568: 3565: 3561: 3556: 3553: 3549: 3544: 3541: 3537: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3515: 3512: 3509:, p. 91. 3508: 3503: 3500: 3496: 3491: 3488: 3485:, p. 90. 3484: 3479: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3464: 3462: 3460: 3456: 3453:, p. 48. 3452: 3447: 3445: 3441: 3437: 3432: 3429: 3425: 3424:Forslund 2016 3420: 3417: 3413: 3408: 3406: 3402: 3398: 3393: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3378: 3375: 3371: 3366: 3363: 3359: 3354: 3351: 3348:, p. 45. 3347: 3342: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3327: 3324: 3320: 3315: 3312: 3308: 3303: 3300: 3296: 3291: 3289: 3287: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3276:Forslund 2016 3272: 3270: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3255: 3252: 3248: 3243: 3240: 3236: 3231: 3228: 3224: 3219: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3204: 3201: 3197: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3175: 3172: 3169:, p. 40. 3168: 3163: 3160: 3156: 3155:Forslund 2016 3151: 3148: 3145:, p. 30. 3144: 3139: 3136: 3132: 3127: 3124: 3120: 3115: 3112: 3108: 3107:Forslund 2016 3103: 3100: 3096: 3091: 3089: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3074: 3071: 3067: 3062: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3047: 3044: 3040: 3035: 3032: 3028: 3027:Forslund 2016 3023: 3021: 3017: 3014:, p. 33. 3013: 3008: 3005: 3001: 2996: 2993: 2989: 2984: 2981: 2977: 2972: 2969: 2965: 2960: 2957: 2953: 2948: 2945: 2941: 2936: 2933: 2929: 2924: 2921: 2917: 2912: 2909: 2905: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2883: 2881: 2879: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2864: 2862: 2858: 2854: 2849: 2847: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2839: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2824: 2821: 2817: 2812: 2809: 2805: 2800: 2797: 2794:, p. 81. 2793: 2788: 2785: 2782:, p. 68. 2781: 2776: 2773: 2769: 2764: 2761: 2757: 2752: 2749: 2745: 2740: 2737: 2733: 2728: 2725: 2721: 2716: 2713: 2709: 2704: 2701: 2697: 2692: 2690: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2675: 2672: 2669:, p. 22. 2668: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2646: 2643: 2639: 2638:Forslund 2016 2634: 2632: 2630: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2615: 2612: 2608: 2603: 2600: 2596: 2591: 2588: 2585:, p. 20. 2584: 2579: 2576: 2572: 2567: 2564: 2560: 2555: 2552: 2548: 2543: 2540: 2536: 2531: 2528: 2524: 2519: 2516: 2512: 2511:Forslund 2016 2507: 2504: 2501:, p. 19. 2500: 2495: 2493: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2478: 2475: 2471: 2466: 2463: 2460:, p. 18. 2459: 2454: 2451: 2447: 2442: 2439: 2435: 2430: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2419:Forslund 2016 2415: 2412: 2408: 2403: 2400: 2396: 2391: 2388: 2384: 2379: 2376: 2372: 2367: 2364: 2360: 2355: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2324:Forslund 2016 2320: 2318: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2303: 2300: 2296: 2291: 2288: 2284: 2279: 2276: 2272: 2267: 2264: 2260: 2255: 2252: 2248: 2243: 2240: 2236: 2231: 2228: 2224: 2219: 2216: 2212: 2207: 2204: 2200: 2195: 2192: 2189:, p. 15. 2188: 2183: 2180: 2176: 2171: 2168: 2165:, p. 12. 2164: 2159: 2156: 2152: 2147: 2145: 2143: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2128: 2125: 2121: 2116: 2113: 2109: 2104: 2101: 2097: 2092: 2090: 2088: 2086: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2071: 2068: 2064: 2059: 2056: 2052: 2047: 2044: 2040: 2035: 2032: 2028: 2027:Forslund 2016 2023: 2021: 2019: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2004: 2001: 1998:, p. 11. 1997: 1992: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1977: 1974: 1970: 1965: 1963: 1961: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1946: 1943: 1939: 1934: 1931: 1927: 1926:Forslund 2016 1922: 1920: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1905: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1890: 1887: 1884:, p. 65. 1883: 1878: 1875: 1871: 1870:Forslund 2016 1866: 1863: 1860:, p. 58. 1859: 1854: 1851: 1847: 1842: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1827: 1825: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1810: 1807: 1804:, p. 32. 1803: 1798: 1795: 1791: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1777:, p. 42. 1776: 1771: 1768: 1764: 1759: 1756: 1753:, p. 15. 1752: 1747: 1744: 1741:, p. 20. 1740: 1735: 1732: 1728: 1723: 1721: 1719: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1704: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1690: 1683: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1664: 1662: 1657: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1638: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1616: 1614: 1610: 1604: 1602: 1593: 1586: 1584: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1564: 1561: 1557: 1552: 1550: 1546: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1512: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1489:heart murmurs 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1469: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1443: 1441: 1439: 1438: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1420: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1385: 1383: 1377: 1370: 1368: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1345: 1342: 1337: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1318:1912 election 1314: 1312: 1308: 1303: 1295: 1287: 1280: 1278: 1276: 1270: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1248: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1214: 1207: 1205: 1203: 1199: 1198: 1193: 1189: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1151: 1149: 1148:Lyman M. Bass 1145: 1141: 1136: 1133: 1128: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1104: 1097: 1095: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1064: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1048: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1028: 1026: 1024: 1020: 1014: 1011: 1006: 1004: 998: 990: 983: 981: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 957: 955: 951: 942: 938: 935: 934: 927: 921: 918: 908: 901: 899: 897: 892: 885: 880: 878: 876: 872: 868: 867:had been shot 864: 859: 857: 853: 849: 841: 839: 837: 833: 829: 825: 820: 818: 814: 813:San Juan Hill 809: 803: 801: 797: 787: 780: 778: 776: 772: 768: 764: 759: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 736: 734: 730: 726: 721: 718: 709: 702: 700: 697: 693: 689: 684: 682: 678: 673: 671: 667: 662: 658: 649: 647: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 619: 617: 613: 609: 604: 600: 598: 594: 593:Sagamore Hill 590: 586: 582: 575:Sagamore Hill 574: 569: 567: 565: 561: 557: 552: 549: 544: 542: 538: 534: 530: 525: 523: 515: 513: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 490: 488: 487:hypochondriac 484: 483:Charles Carow 480: 472: 467: 465: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 434: 432: 428: 422: 420: 416: 412: 408: 407:Sagamore Hill 404: 399: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 378: 374: 365: 361: 357: 353: 346: 344: 343:Charles Carow 341: 340: 338: 334: 328: 325: 323: 320: 318: 315: 313: 310: 308: 305: 304: 302: 298: 279: 274: 270: 267: 264: 262:Resting place 260: 256: 247: 243: 239: 223: 219: 214: 210: 206: 200: 196: 190: 186: 182: 176: 171: 166: 163: 160: 154: 151: 148: 142: 138: 132: 126: 121: 118: 114: 111: 108: 102: 99: 96: 90: 87: 84: 80: 74: 69: 66: 62: 58: 45: 40: 33: 30: 19: 7540: 7531: 7316: 7311:(first wife) 7261: 7237:Ananias Club 7229:Bully pulpit 7198: 7188: 7178: 7169:Rough Riders 7168: 7158: 7148: 7138: 7128: 7054: 6874:Bibliography 6768: 6758: 6720: 6705:and speeches 6578:Rough Riders 6366:Panama Canal 6163:Conservation 5980:Lynne Cheney 5965:Barbara Bush 5960:Joan Mondale 5879: 5675:Barbara Bush 5670:Nancy Reagan 5610:Edith Wilson 5600:Ellen Wilson 5589: 5585:Ida McKinley 5555:Mary McElroy 5525:Harriet Lane 5460:Louisa Adams 5373: 5368:Ida McKinley 5356: 5350: 5341: 5334: 5328: 5311: 5272: 5230: 5209: 5198: 5187: 5176: 5147: 5137: 5133: 5116: 5055: 5034: 5010: 4989: 4968: 4947: 4923: 4897: 4885: 4878:Anthony 1990 4873: 4851:Cordery 1996 4846: 4834: 4822: 4800:Cordery 1996 4780: 4768: 4741: 4729: 4683: 4671: 4659: 4647: 4635: 4623: 4611: 4599: 4587: 4575: 4563: 4551: 4539: 4532:Cordery 1996 4510: 4498: 4486: 4474: 4462: 4450: 4438: 4411: 4384: 4372: 4360: 4348: 4336: 4324: 4312: 4300: 4237: 4225: 4218:Cordery 1996 4192: 4180: 4143: 4131: 4119: 4107: 4095: 4083: 4056: 4049:Cordery 1996 4044: 4032: 4020: 3993: 3986:Cordery 1996 3981: 3969: 3957: 3945: 3933: 3926:Cordery 1996 3921: 3909: 3881:Cordery 1996 3861: 3849: 3837: 3825: 3813: 3801: 3789: 3782:Cordery 1996 3777: 3765: 3753: 3741: 3729: 3717: 3690: 3678: 3666: 3654: 3642: 3615: 3603: 3596:Cordery 1996 3591: 3579: 3567: 3555: 3548:Cordery 1996 3543: 3519:Anthony 1990 3514: 3502: 3490: 3468:Cordery 1996 3431: 3419: 3397:Cordery 1996 3377: 3365: 3358:Anthony 1990 3353: 3326: 3314: 3302: 3254: 3242: 3230: 3223:Anthony 1990 3203: 3196:Cordery 1996 3174: 3162: 3150: 3138: 3126: 3114: 3102: 3073: 3046: 3034: 3007: 2995: 2983: 2971: 2959: 2947: 2935: 2923: 2911: 2904:Cordery 1996 2868:Anthony 1990 2828:Cordery 1996 2823: 2811: 2799: 2787: 2775: 2763: 2751: 2739: 2727: 2715: 2703: 2696:Cordery 1996 2674: 2645: 2614: 2602: 2590: 2578: 2566: 2554: 2542: 2530: 2518: 2506: 2477: 2465: 2453: 2441: 2434:Cordery 1996 2414: 2407:Cordery 1996 2402: 2390: 2383:Cordery 1996 2378: 2366: 2302: 2290: 2283:Cordery 1996 2278: 2266: 2259:Cordery 1996 2254: 2242: 2230: 2218: 2206: 2194: 2182: 2170: 2158: 2151:Cordery 1996 2127: 2115: 2103: 2070: 2058: 2046: 2034: 2003: 1976: 1945: 1940:, p. 9. 1933: 1909:Cordery 1996 1894:Cordery 1996 1889: 1877: 1865: 1853: 1846:Cordery 1996 1831:Cordery 1996 1814:Anthony 1990 1809: 1797: 1792:, p. 6. 1770: 1758: 1746: 1734: 1727:Cordery 1996 1659:Since 1982, 1658: 1646: 1642: 1628: 1617: 1605: 1598: 1565: 1553: 1542: 1513: 1485:Iguazu Falls 1481:Paraná River 1477:Chichen Itza 1470: 1465: 1461: 1458:fifth cousin 1456:(Theodore's 1447: 1435: 1421: 1386: 1378: 1374: 1357:declared war 1346: 1341:appendectomy 1338: 1330:John Schrank 1315: 1304: 1300: 1271: 1252: 1231: 1215: 1211: 1196: 1185: 1165: 1152: 1137: 1129: 1109: 1088:Belle Hagner 1065: 1049: 1032: 1015: 1007: 999: 995: 974:Panama Canal 958: 947: 932: 926:Earle Looker 922: 913: 893: 889: 860: 845: 821: 804: 792: 760: 748:Rough Riders 737: 722: 714: 685: 674: 653: 620: 608:Theodore III 605: 601: 578: 556:Stone Street 553: 545: 526: 519: 491: 476: 435: 431:Belle Hagner 423: 400: 379: 372: 371: 307:Theodore III 250:(1948-09-30) 203:Succeeded by 174: 157:Succeeded by 124: 105:Succeeded by 72: 29: 7593:1948 deaths 7588:1861 births 7161:, 1940 film 7151:, 1927 film 7131:, 1901 film 6761:(1913 book) 6723:(1882 book) 6338:Kinkaid Act 6310:Hepburn Act 6148:Square Deal 6092:(1895–1897) 6084:(1897–1898) 6076:(1899–1900) 6054:(1901–1909) 5990:Karen Pence 5975:Tipper Gore 5920:Bess Truman 5915:Ilo Wallace 5865:Anna Morton 5635:Bess Truman 5540:Julia Grant 5520:Jane Pierce 5500:Julia Tyler 5321:Linda Odell 4902:Sienna 2014 4890:Sienna 2008 4734:Caroli 2010 4705:Morris 1980 4688:Morris 1980 4676:Morris 1980 4664:Morris 1980 4652:Morris 1980 4640:Morris 1980 4628:Morris 1980 4616:Morris 1980 4604:Morris 1980 4592:Morris 1980 4580:Morris 1980 4568:Morris 1980 4556:Morris 1980 4544:Morris 1980 4515:Morris 1980 4503:Morris 1980 4491:Morris 1980 4479:Morris 1980 4467:Morris 1980 4455:Morris 1980 4443:Morris 1980 4431:Morris 1980 4416:Morris 1980 4389:Morris 1980 4377:Morris 1980 4365:Morris 1980 4353:Morris 1980 4341:Morris 1980 4329:Morris 1980 4317:Morris 1980 4305:Morris 1980 4230:Morris 1980 4197:Morris 1980 4185:Morris 1980 4148:Morris 1980 4136:Morris 1980 4124:Morris 1980 4100:Morris 1980 4076:Morris 1980 4061:Morris 1980 4037:Morris 1980 3998:Caroli 2010 3962:Morris 1980 3950:Morris 1980 3938:Morris 1980 3914:Morris 1980 3866:Morris 1980 3854:Morris 1980 3842:Morris 1980 3830:Morris 1980 3818:Morris 1980 3758:Morris 1980 3722:Caroli 2010 3620:Morris 1980 3560:Morris 1980 3536:Caroli 2010 3436:Morris 1980 3412:Morris 1980 3382:Morris 1980 3370:Morris 1980 3331:Morris 1980 3295:Caroli 2010 3259:Morris 1980 3247:Morris 1980 3208:Morris 1980 3131:Morris 1980 3119:Morris 1980 3078:Morris 1980 3066:Morris 1980 3051:Morris 1980 3039:Morris 1980 3000:Morris 1980 2988:Morris 1980 2964:Morris 1980 2940:Morris 1980 2916:Morris 1980 2887:Caroli 2010 2816:Morris 1980 2804:Morris 1980 2756:Morris 1980 2744:Morris 1980 2732:Morris 1980 2720:Morris 1980 2708:Morris 1980 2679:Morris 1980 2650:Morris 1980 2619:Morris 1980 2607:Morris 1980 2595:Morris 1980 2571:Morris 1980 2559:Morris 1980 2547:Morris 1980 2535:Morris 1980 2523:Morris 1980 2482:Morris 1980 2470:Morris 1980 2446:Morris 1980 2395:Morris 1980 2371:Morris 1980 2307:Morris 1980 2295:Morris 1980 2271:Morris 1980 2247:Morris 1980 2235:Morris 1980 2223:Morris 1980 2211:Morris 1980 2199:Morris 1980 2175:Morris 1980 2132:Morris 1980 2120:Morris 1980 2108:Morris 1980 2075:Caroli 2010 2063:Morris 1980 2051:Morris 1980 2008:Morris 1980 1981:Morris 1980 1882:Morris 1980 1858:Morris 1980 1802:Morris 1980 1775:Morris 1980 1763:Morris 1980 1751:Morris 1980 1739:Morris 1980 1613:Jean Racine 1573:Love Divine 1437:Sumida-gawa 1267:Taft family 758:volunteer. 670:Yellowstone 657:Henry Adams 616:miscarriage 522:White House 207:Linda Odell 193:Preceded by 145:Preceded by 93:Preceded by 53: 1903 7582:Categories 7407:(grandson) 7399:(grandson) 7391:(grandson) 7383:(grandson) 7375:(grandson) 7351:(daughter) 7327:(daughter) 7100:Teddy bear 6303:Elkins Act 6257:court case 6102:Presidency 5985:Jill Biden 5950:Betty Ford 5945:Judy Agnew 5905:Caro Dawes 5707:Jill Biden 5692:Laura Bush 5660:Betty Ford 5625:Lou Hoover 5595:Helen Taft 5545:Lucy Hayes 5505:Sarah Polk 5385:Helen Taft 5379:1901–1909 5315:1899–1900 5306:Lois Black 5158:0465071333 5140:(2): 2–11. 4912:References 4839:Gould 2013 4827:Gould 2013 4785:Gould 2013 4761:Gould 2013 4746:Gould 2013 4293:Gould 2013 4088:Gould 2013 4025:Gould 2013 3974:Gould 2013 3806:Gould 2013 3794:Gould 2013 3746:Gould 2013 3734:Gould 2013 3710:Gould 2013 3695:Gould 2013 3683:Gould 2013 3671:Gould 2013 3659:Gould 2013 3647:Gould 2013 3635:Gould 2013 3608:Gould 2013 3584:Gould 2013 3572:Gould 2013 3507:Gould 2013 3495:Gould 2013 3483:Gould 2013 3451:Gould 2013 3346:Gould 2013 3319:Gould 2013 3307:Gould 2013 3235:Gould 2013 3167:Gould 2013 3143:Gould 2013 3012:Gould 2013 2976:Gould 2013 2952:Gould 2013 2928:Gould 2013 2792:Gould 2013 2780:Gould 2013 2768:Gould 2013 2667:Gould 2013 2583:Gould 2013 2499:Gould 2013 2458:Gould 2013 2187:Gould 2013 2163:Gould 2013 2039:Gould 2013 1996:Gould 2013 1950:Gould 2013 1938:Gould 2013 1790:Gould 2013 1076:great seal 1066:After the 875:first lady 589:Oyster Bay 468:Early life 231:1861-08-06 197:Lois Black 48:Portrait, 7455:(brother) 7272:Muckraker 6796:Elections 6769:The Forum 6693:Gravesite 5930:Pat Nixon 5810:Ann Gerry 5655:Pat Nixon 1635:in 1980. 1577:Beethoven 1387:When the 1371:Widowhood 1249:Departure 1183:in 1907. 1061:East Room 1057:East Wing 1053:West Wing 970:Pine Knot 933:Mayflower 756:Red Cross 692:Archibald 473:Childhood 355:Signature 322:Archibald 82:President 7566:Category 7510:(nephew) 7463:(sister) 7447:(sister) 7439:(mother) 7431:(father) 6703:Writings 6648:Life and 6107:timeline 5752:Category 5730:families 5167:39713794 5032:(1980). 4945:(2010). 4921:(1990). 1623:and the 1556:Portugal 1532:New Deal 1072:Wedgwood 1055:and the 763:war hero 666:Badlands 562:and the 537:scrofula 386:and the 300:Children 184:Governor 7502:(niece) 7487:(uncle) 7213:Related 7199:Elkhorn 7092:culture 7090:Popular 6959:Statues 6509:Cabinet 5740:memoirs 5258:at the 1483:to the 1473:Yucatán 822:As the 733:Quentin 681:Elliott 438:Quentin 336:Parents 327:Quentin 294: 286: 282: 175:In role 125:In role 73:In role 7300:Family 6866:Legacy 6563:events 6065:(1901) 5735:firsts 5685:tenure 5351:Vacant 5329:Vacant 5269:C-SPAN 5238: 5217: 5165: 5155: 5123:C-SPAN 5063: 5042: 5018: 4997: 4976: 4955: 4931: 1587:Legacy 1275:safari 1177:plumes 1123:, the 800:Albany 644:Kermit 312:Kermit 272:Spouse 257:, U.S. 240:, U.S. 7518:(dog) 7367:(son) 7359:(son) 7343:(son) 7335:(son) 7121:Films 7114:Books 7057:(1906 6650:homes 6561:Other 5347:1901 5089:(PDF) 5078:(PDF) 1684:Notes 1560:Haiti 1311:Grace 1241:with 677:Ethel 597:Alice 585:Bamie 380:Carow 317:Ethel 288:( 284: 7516:Pete 7065:1984 7061:1961 7053:USS 6856:1912 6849:1904 6842:1900 6834:1916 6827:1912 6820:1904 6813:1900 6537:1908 6530:1906 6071:33rd 6060:25th 6049:26th 5236:ISBN 5215:ISBN 5163:OCLC 5153:ISBN 5061:ISBN 5040:ISBN 5016:ISBN 4995:ISBN 4974:ISBN 4953:ISBN 4929:ISBN 1611:and 1413:Pará 1200:for 931:USS 668:and 454:1932 448:and 446:1920 245:Died 221:Born 5288:at 5271:'s 5267:at 1579:'s 1495:in 1432:Noh 1328:by 964:in 798:in 630:in 452:in 444:in 377:née 7584:: 7063:, 7059:, 6214:, 5161:. 5138:12 5136:. 5121:, 4858:^ 4807:^ 4792:^ 4753:^ 4712:^ 4695:^ 4522:^ 4423:^ 4396:^ 4285:^ 4268:^ 4249:^ 4204:^ 4155:^ 4068:^ 4005:^ 3888:^ 3873:^ 3702:^ 3627:^ 3526:^ 3475:^ 3458:^ 3443:^ 3404:^ 3389:^ 3338:^ 3283:^ 3266:^ 3215:^ 3186:^ 3085:^ 3058:^ 3019:^ 2894:^ 2875:^ 2860:^ 2835:^ 2686:^ 2657:^ 2626:^ 2489:^ 2426:^ 2331:^ 2314:^ 2139:^ 2082:^ 2015:^ 1988:^ 1957:^ 1916:^ 1901:^ 1838:^ 1821:^ 1782:^ 1715:^ 1692:^ 1656:. 1452:. 1367:. 1245:. 877:. 819:. 777:. 672:. 512:. 464:. 290:m. 50:c. 7283:" 7279:" 7274:" 7270:" 7247:" 7243:" 7231:" 7227:" 7067:) 6150:" 6146:" 6109:) 6105:( 6029:e 6022:t 6015:v 5786:e 5779:t 5772:v 5416:e 5409:t 5402:v 5244:. 5223:. 5169:. 5069:. 5048:. 5024:. 5003:. 4982:. 4961:. 4937:. 4904:. 4892:. 1169:' 375:( 233:) 229:( 20:)

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