249:
Blandford and three of her brothers, to accompany him when he called on
Lanchester while she was having breakfast at her lodgings on the 25 October. Lanchester insisted that marriage was immoral and that she would lose her independence if she married, and was pronounced mad at the scene. Blandford justified his action by describing Lanchester's planned action
297:
During the four days of her incarceration Edith was subject to mental, physical and sexual abuse. Under
Section 11 of the 1890 Lunacy Act, Edith could be detained for up to seven days but further incarceration would require another certificate. Edith was examined by the commissioners of lunacy, and
311:
knew of
Lanchester's situation in 1895 and had been disgusted by the misogynistic failure of male socialists to support and defend Edith's position, and more generally their failure to recognise the class dimension of the feminist struggle. Marx's ire was particularly directed towards SDF activist
33:
248:
In 1895 Lanchester announced that she intended to live with
Sullivan, beginning 26 October 1895, an arrangement which in the phraseology of the day was known as "housekeeping". Lanchester's father was appalled and recruited one of the country's leading mental health experts Dr George Fielding
327:
her own background influenced her choice to campaign and promote the cause of socialism through 'the true working-class'. By 1917 Edith identified politically as a communist describing socialists as 'practically Tories' who had let the working-class down.
281:
reported that the affair had "rivet the attention of three kingdoms" and that "no penny paper had printed less than ten columns on this engrossing subject during the week". The SDF attempted to release her and SDF supporters sang
355:. Her daughter, Elsa, recounts in her biography that Biddy and Shamus were "violently anti-war" and that pacifism 'roared through' the house. When Biddy's mother, Octavia, died in 1916, Biddy invested her £400 inheritance in the
210:, an established architect, (1834–1914) and Octavia Ward (1834–1916). Following in their father's footsteps of bourgeois success, three of Edith's brothers became successful in the fields of architecture and engineering.
340:, was born in 1897. It was a difficult pregnancy that was not assisted by the social pressures that her 'love-child' pregnancy attracted. Marx invited Lanchester to recuperate for a few weeks at Marx's home (The Den) in
253:“If she had said that she contemplated suicide a certificate might have been signed without question... I was equally justified in signing one when she expressed her determination to commit this social suicide.”
305:
Edith set up home with
Sullivan and never saw her father alive again, though she did reconnect with her mother who left her £400. Lanchester and Sullivan lived together until his death in 1945.
771:
1028:
257:
When
Lanchester physically tried to resist and fight back, she was handcuffed by her father. One of Lanchester's brothers reportedly assaulted Mrs Gray, Lanchester's landlady.
1023:
320:
moralistic judgement on
Lanchester. Marx challenged Bax in a public letter to an open debate on "the woman question", but he declined, citing his rhetorical weaknesses.
226:, Edith first worked as a teacher and then a clerk-secretary working for a firm in the City of London. By 1895 Edith was a confirmed socialist and member of the
190:(28 July 1871 – 26 March 1966) was an English socialist, feminist and suffragette. She became well known in 1895 when her family had her incarcerated in an
287:
264:, Roehampton, which was then a private lunatic asylum. The "Supposed Cause" of her insanity was recorded on the certificates as "over-education".
380:
Lanchester continued to attend political meetings as long 'as she was physically active enough to walk to the bus.' Edith
Lanchester died on 26
294:
offering her a cheque for £100 as a wedding present if she would go through the legal marriage ceremony "under protest" against marriage laws.
582:
460:
1033:
366:
and was imprisoned in
Wormwood Scrubs for one year. Upon his release Waldo was supported by his mother to become a puppeteer and weaver.
426:
656:
945:
888:
861:
727:
696:
878:
526:
245:
Through her membership of the
Battersea branch of the SDF she met factory worker and fellow member Shamus (aka James) Sullivan.
1018:
219:
227:
111:
905:
1008:
223:
194:
for planning to live with her lover, who was an Irish, working-class labourer. Lanchester later became secretary to
1003:
440:
1013:
744:
356:
163:
373:, became a noted actress with a long career in theatre, film, and television, and the wife of actor/director
452:
237:, a feminist and socialist campaigner. Upon Marx's death, Lanchester received her writing pen as a memento.
206:
Lanchester was born in Hove, Sussex on 28 July 1871, the fifth child of a family of eight. Her parents were
169:
961:
363:
207:
150:
821:
796:
637:. No. Non-conformity: cohabiting press cuttings. British Women's Emancipation since the Renaissance
302:
her father justified his actions, stating that she was “not of sound mind the effects of over-study.”
998:
993:
277:
941:
884:
857:
723:
692:
578:
466:
456:
175:
32:
937:
931:
853:
847:
719:
713:
531:
374:
341:
337:
132:
448:
370:
261:
137:
431:
191:
492:
298:
found to be sane. She was released under Section 75 of the Lunacy Act. In a letter to
987:
686:
436:
630:
308:
283:
234:
195:
101:
550:
348:
57:
535:
520:
313:
268:
470:
352:
317:
272:
445:
Dictionary of National Biography: From the earliest times to the year 2000
389:
80:
609:
Lyons, Mathew (October 2011), "25 October 1895:'A Socialist Romance'",
324:
772:"Eleanor Marx: daughter of Karl, and the mother of socialist feminism"
286:" from outside the asylum's walls and beneath her barred window. The
351:, Biddy developed a growing interest in the pacifist principles of
53:
657:"Edith Lanchester: A socialist pioneer against patriarchy"
344:
where Edith and Waldo were protected and looked after.
577:. London: Bloomsbury. pp. 389, 390, 411, 441.
156:
146:
125:
117:
107:
96:
88:
65:
39:
23:
519:
430:
906:"British Quaker Women and Peace, 1880s to 1920s"
1029:History of mental health in the United Kingdom
362:When Waldo was conscripted he registered as a
323:Although Edith was closest, in spirit, to the
267:Lanchester's case created a national scandal.
8:
822:"Exchange between Bax and Eleanor Marx 1895"
797:"Exchange between Bax and Eleanor Marx 1895"
530:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
290:commended Lanchester's bravery and wrote to
962:"Edith Lanchester - socialist and feminist"
497:Grace's Guide to British Industrial History
16:English socialist, feminist and suffragette
629:Miss Lanchester's Case (1 November 1895).
31:
20:
718:. London, UK: St Martin's Press. p.
1024:People detained in psychiatric hospitals
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
421:
419:
417:
415:
413:
411:
409:
407:
405:
604:
602:
600:
598:
596:
594:
527:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
521:"Lanchester, Henry Vaughan (1863–1953)"
401:
233:In 1897 Lanchester became secretary to
936:. London: St Martin's Press. pp.
852:. London: St Martin's Press. pp.
7:
680:
678:
624:
622:
620:
260:Lanchester was taken by carriage to
743:Richards, Penny L. (28 July 2006).
228:Social Democratic Federation (SDF)
14:
121:Socialist and feminist activism
745:"Edith Lanchester (1871-1966)"
447:. Knox to Lear. Vol. 32.
1:
877:Kapp, Yvonne (10 July 2018).
770:Holmes, Rachel (4 May 2014).
691:. London: St Martin's Press.
749:Disability Studies, Temple U
551:UK public library membership
518:Gerstein, Alexandra (2004).
112:Social Democratic Federation
1034:English socialist feminists
224:Maria Grey training college
1050:
384:March 1966 at her home, 18
359:Quaker community project.
347:During the early years of
336:Lanchester's first child,
930:Lanchester, Elsa (1983).
880:Eleanor Marx: A Biography
846:Lanchester, Elsa (1983).
712:Lanchester, Elsa (1983).
685:Lanchester, Elsa (1983).
437:Matthew, Henry Colin Gray
30:
933:Elsa Lanchester, Herself
910:University of Birmingham
904:Cho, Mijin (July 2010).
849:Elsa Lanchester, Herself
715:Elsa Lanchester, Herself
688:Elsa Lanchester, Herself
631:"Miss Lanchester's Case"
493:"Henry Jones Lanchester"
316:who had publicly passed
188:Edith 'Biddy' Lanchester
164:Henry Vaughan Lanchester
573:Holmes, Rachel (2015).
453:Oxford University Press
288:Marquess of Queensberry
170:Frederick W. Lanchester
536:10.1093/ref:odnb/63138
364:conscientious objector
255:
241:Politics and notoriety
208:Henry Jones Lanchester
151:Henry Jones Lanchester
83:, East Sussex, England
1019:People from Battersea
251:
575:Eleanor Marx: A Life
455:. pp. 375–376.
220:Birkbeck Institution
218:After attending the
499:. Grace's Guide Ltd
432:"Lanchester, Edith"
262:The Priory Hospital
1009:English socialists
663:. 5 September 2009
388:Highcroft Villas,
369:Her second child,
278:The New York Times
275:, intervened, and
1004:English feminists
968:. 5 February 2018
584:978-1-4088-5289-7
549:(Subscription or
462:978-0-19-861382-4
427:Rubinstein, David
185:
184:
176:George Lanchester
1041:
1014:People from Hove
978:
977:
975:
973:
958:
952:
951:
927:
921:
920:
918:
916:
901:
895:
894:
874:
868:
867:
843:
837:
836:
834:
832:
826:www.marxists.org
818:
812:
811:
809:
807:
801:www.marxists.org
793:
787:
786:
784:
782:
767:
761:
760:
758:
756:
740:
734:
733:
709:
703:
702:
682:
673:
672:
670:
668:
661:Workers' Liberty
653:
647:
646:
644:
642:
626:
615:
614:
606:
589:
588:
570:
555:
554:
546:
544:
542:
523:
515:
509:
508:
506:
504:
488:
482:
481:
479:
477:
434:
423:
387:
383:
375:Charles Laughton
338:Waldo Lanchester
133:Waldo Lanchester
89:Other names
76:
74:
50:
48:
35:
25:Edith Lanchester
21:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1038:
984:
983:
982:
981:
971:
969:
966:Catford Central
960:
959:
955:
948:
929:
928:
924:
914:
912:
903:
902:
898:
891:
883:. Verso Books.
876:
875:
871:
864:
845:
844:
840:
830:
828:
820:
819:
815:
805:
803:
795:
794:
790:
780:
778:
776:The Independent
769:
768:
764:
754:
752:
742:
741:
737:
730:
711:
710:
706:
699:
684:
683:
676:
666:
664:
655:
654:
650:
640:
638:
628:
627:
618:
608:
607:
592:
585:
572:
571:
558:
548:
540:
538:
517:
516:
512:
502:
500:
491:Grace's Guide.
490:
489:
485:
475:
473:
463:
449:British Academy
441:Harrison, Brian
425:
424:
403:
398:
385:
381:
371:Elsa Lanchester
334:
243:
216:
204:
181:
142:
138:Elsa Lanchester
84:
78:
72:
70:
61:
51:
46:
44:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1047:
1045:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
986:
985:
980:
979:
953:
946:
922:
896:
889:
869:
862:
838:
813:
788:
762:
735:
728:
704:
697:
674:
648:
616:
590:
583:
556:
510:
483:
461:
400:
399:
397:
394:
333:
330:
242:
239:
215:
212:
203:
200:
183:
182:
180:
179:
173:
167:
160:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
141:
140:
135:
129:
127:
123:
122:
119:
118:Known for
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
79:
77:(aged 94)
67:
63:
62:
52:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1046:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
991:
989:
967:
963:
957:
954:
949:
947:0-312-24376-6
943:
939:
935:
934:
926:
923:
911:
907:
900:
897:
892:
890:9781786635952
886:
882:
881:
873:
870:
865:
863:0-312-24376-6
859:
855:
851:
850:
842:
839:
827:
823:
817:
814:
802:
798:
792:
789:
777:
773:
766:
763:
750:
746:
739:
736:
731:
729:0-312-24376-6
725:
721:
717:
716:
708:
705:
700:
698:0-312-24376-6
694:
690:
689:
681:
679:
675:
662:
658:
652:
649:
636:
632:
625:
623:
621:
617:
612:
611:History Today
605:
603:
601:
599:
597:
595:
591:
586:
580:
576:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
557:
552:
537:
533:
529:
528:
522:
514:
511:
498:
494:
487:
484:
472:
468:
464:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
433:
428:
422:
420:
418:
416:
414:
412:
410:
408:
406:
402:
395:
393:
391:
378:
376:
372:
367:
365:
360:
358:
354:
350:
345:
343:
339:
332:Personal life
331:
329:
326:
321:
319:
315:
310:
306:
303:
301:
295:
293:
289:
285:
280:
279:
274:
270:
265:
263:
258:
254:
250:
246:
240:
238:
236:
231:
229:
225:
221:
213:
211:
209:
201:
199:
197:
193:
189:
177:
174:
171:
168:
165:
162:
161:
159:
155:
152:
149:
145:
139:
136:
134:
131:
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
113:
110:
106:
103:
100:Secretary to
99:
95:
91:
87:
82:
69:26 March 1966
68:
64:
59:
55:
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
970:. Retrieved
965:
956:
932:
925:
913:. Retrieved
909:
899:
879:
872:
848:
841:
829:. Retrieved
825:
816:
804:. Retrieved
800:
791:
779:. Retrieved
775:
765:
753:. Retrieved
748:
738:
714:
707:
687:
665:. Retrieved
660:
651:
639:. Retrieved
635:Western Mail
634:
610:
574:
539:. Retrieved
525:
513:
501:. Retrieved
496:
486:
474:. Retrieved
444:
379:
368:
361:
346:
335:
322:
309:Eleanor Marx
307:
304:
299:
296:
292:The Standard
291:
284:The Red Flag
276:
266:
259:
256:
252:
247:
244:
235:Eleanor Marx
232:
217:
205:
196:Eleanor Marx
187:
186:
108:Organization
102:Eleanor Marx
43:28 July 1871
18:
999:1966 deaths
994:1871 births
972:3 September
915:3 September
831:3 September
806:3 September
781:3 September
476:19 December
349:World War I
58:East Sussex
988:Categories
755:24 January
667:24 January
641:24 January
553:required.)
541:24 January
503:24 January
451:. Oxford:
396:References
314:Ernest Bax
269:John Burns
202:Early life
97:Occupation
73:1966-03-27
47:1871-07-28
938:37, 46–49
854:1, 14, 60
751:. Blogger
471:178927778
353:Quakerism
318:bourgeois
300:The Times
273:Battersea
271:, MP for
178:(brother)
172:(brother)
166:(brother)
60:, England
443:(eds.).
429:(2004).
390:Brighton
342:Sydenham
222:and the
126:Children
81:Brighton
357:Jordans
325:Fabians
71: (
45: (
944:
887:
860:
726:
695:
581:
547:
469:
459:
386:
382:
192:asylum
157:Family
147:Father
435:. In
92:Biddy
974:2019
942:ISBN
917:2019
885:ISBN
858:ISBN
833:2019
808:2019
783:2019
757:2016
724:ISBN
693:ISBN
669:2016
643:2016
613:: 26
579:ISBN
543:2016
505:2016
478:2022
467:OCLC
457:ISBN
214:Work
66:Died
54:Hove
40:Born
532:doi
990::
964:.
940:.
908:.
856:.
824:.
799:.
774:.
747:.
722:.
677:^
659:.
633:.
619:^
593:^
559:^
524:.
495:.
465:.
439:;
404:^
392:.
377:.
230:.
198:.
56:,
976:.
950:.
919:.
893:.
866:.
835:.
810:.
785:.
759:.
732:.
720:5
701:.
671:.
645:.
587:.
545:.
534::
507:.
480:.
282:"
75:)
49:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
