580:
continuance. Many of the generals and officers of the
Wallingford House party also considered Ludlow as disloyal to their own cause and rights given his devotion to the "Old Commonwealth way". In the confusion, the Parliament recalled his commission and in December as Ludlow returned hastily to Ireland to suppress a movement in favour of the adverse party in the Long Parliament he found generals of the corresponding and opposing factions in command of all strategic points and himself almost without supporters. He came back to England in January 1660, and was met with an impeachment presented against him by parliament. His own republican faction allies had also been largely forced out of power and could not assist him.
562:
Each faction feared successful attempt in bringing forth an equally representative republic on anything other than their own terms. For example, it was difficult for the key leaders of a previously suspended Long
Parliament to take seriously any overtures from an army which had disbanded them without significant concessions to the army's power and good behaviour, terms to which the Wallingford House and Gen. Lambert's party would not agree. Although Ludlow had the support of
538:, as the only means to satisfy the people, and to establish an equal and just government amongst us in the way of a Commonwealth...they were compelled at last to admit the debate of the restitution of the Long Parliament amongst other propositions that were under their consideration. They also restored some officers to their commands who had suffered for their affection to the Parliament..." Edmund Ludlow, was still loyal to
558:, who having communicated it to Sir. Arthur Haslerig, and knowing there had been some differences between the colonel and Sir. Arthur, he persuaded them to renew their former friendship, with promises on each part to unit their endeavours in the service of Parliament". Ludlow and Lambert were more or less aligned and of the same party. Similar offers were apparently made to Col. Monk by the King's party at about this time.
846:
40:
895:", 1681, in the National Library of Ireland. Extracts from his journal, including his account of the Clare section of his journey, were published in the Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries, 6 (1867). These appear in an online in "The History and Topography of the County of Clare" by James Frost Part II. History of Thomond Chapter 28
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Despite Ludlow's efforts of bringing these parties together, he was accused by some members of the
Parliament of treason for having conspired with the Wallingford House party, who to these same members of Parliament seemed to be against the restoration of the original republic and only for their own
561:
Returning to
England again in October 1659, he endeavoured to support the original republican cause by reconciling the army to the parliament. Ludlow failed in these final reconciliation attempts primarily because of the divisions and corruption within the military, legal, and Presbyterian factions.
506:
On returning to
England in October 1655 he was arrested, and on refusing to submit to the government was allowed to retire to Essex. When examined by Cromwell, he was asked: "Pray then,' said he, 'what is it that you would have? May not every man be as good as he will? What can you desire more than
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was for the restoration of the Long
Parliament. They had no idea that King Charles II would be restored by George Monck to the throne and were entirely deceived by Monck's treachery to the republican cause. The attempts at reconciliation between the Wallingford House part of the army and Parliament
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and some other generals, these efforts proved abortive since each side had much to lose in any compromise. While these futile attempts at reconciliation between the
Wallingford House party and key members of the Long Parliament were taking place, other matters would soon override all these various
553:
In August 1659, King's party addressed themselves to Col. Lambert through his wife, endeavouring to persuade her to solicit her husband to be the instrument of the King's return, with large land offers of whatsoever terms he would demand. "She acquainted the colonel with their propositions; but he
502:
he believed that
Cromwell "had not appeared that he ever approved on any persons farther than he might make them subservient to his own ambitious designs; ...and that the generality of the people that had engaged with us having acted upon no higher principles than those of civil liberty, and that
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of all forces in
Ireland; and made Lieutenant-General of the Horse. Upon Ludlow's departure from parliament, he pleaded with Sir Arthur Haslerig, Henry Vane the Younger, Mr. Henry Nevil, Mr. Scot, and Major Saloway not to put any unnecessary hardships upon those in the army.
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granted Ludlow and two fellow fugitives, Lisle and Cawley, an act of protection allowing them to live in the canton. His wife joined him in 1663. For security, he adopted the pseudonym of Edmund
Phillips, based on a variant of his mother's maiden name.
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A monument raised to Ludlow's memory by his widow is in the church of St Martin in Vevey. Over the door of the house in which he lived was placed the inscription "omne solum forti patria, quia patris". This is a Christianized version of a line by
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in October 1652. Most of his campaigning in Ireland was against Irish guerrillas or "tories" and much of his operations consisted of hunting small bands and destroying foodstuff and crops. Ludlow is remembered for what he said of the
611:. Accordingly, on the proclamation of the king ordering the regicides to come in, Ludlow emerged from his concealment, and on 20 June surrendered to the Speaker; but finding that his life was not assured, he succeeded in escaping to
908:
The Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, Lieutenant-General of the Horse in the Army of the Commonwealth of England 1625–1672 Edited with Appendices of Letters and Illustrative Documents by C. A. Firth, M.A., in two volumes. v. II p.
591:. Monck led each party faction (republican, military, and restoration) to believe that he had declared for Parliament but kept his plans to himself until he had accomplished his purpose on what exactly that meant to him.
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Answered in two pamphlets by E.D.: 'A true relation of the state of the case between the ever-honorable Parliament and the officers of the army'; and 'The Declaration of the officers of the army, opened, examined and
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in 1895. As a result, the Memoirs have been used until very recently as a major source for historians of the seventeenth century, with only the rediscovery of Ludlow's original manuscript prompting a reassessment.
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factions and encompass all these parties in serious compromise and peril. Consequently, most of the generals of the Wallingford House party and the key members of the Long Parliament who were in favour of the
607:, Wiltshire, but his election was annulled on 18 May after the parliament ruled that all those that had been judges of Charles I during his trial should be arrested. Ludlow was not protected under the
885:... and yet their cattle are very fat; for the grass growing in turfs of earth, of two or three foot square, that lie between the rocks, which are of limestone, is very sweet and nourishing.
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in place of his father, and became involved with the Independent faction within Parliament – especially with Henry Marten and other radical critics of the monarchy. Ludlow was a Baptist and
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meaning "to the brave man every land is a fatherland because God his father made it". Ludlow married Elizabeth, daughter of William Thomas, of Wenvoe, Glamorganshire, but left no children.
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you have? It were easy,' said I, 'to tell what we would have.' 'What is that, I pray? said he. 'That which we fought for," said I, 'that the nation might be governed by its own consent."
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after them, they were a contribution to the Whig cause. Contemporaries variously attributed them to Slingsby Bethel, John Phillips (Milton's nephew), Thomas Percival, and John Toland.
534:, a strong faction in the army, "who had thus possessed themselves of the supreme power, were every day pressed from all parts, and especially from the city of London, to restore the
458:(1650–51). After Ireton's death on 26 November 1651, Ludlow held the chief command, and had practically completed the conquest of the island when he resigned his authority to
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522:, and was a member of its Council of State and of the Committee of Safety after its second expulsion, and a commissioner for the nomination of officers in the army.
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The Burren affordeth not a piece of timber sufficient to hang a man, water in any one place to drown a man, or earth enough in any one part to bury him.
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of 1688 opened up the prospect of a return, in 1689 Ludlow came back to England. He was however remembered only as a regicide, and an address from the
571:(of a republican commonwealth) would lose their lives upon the restoration of King Charles II. It was believed by many of this republican faction that
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by Sir Edward Seymour requesting the king to issue a proclamation for his arrest. Ludlow escaped again, and returned to Vevey, where he died in 1692.
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after having himself been involved in drawing up the terms for its existence. Around this time he married Elizabeth Thomas of Glamorgan.
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in 1648. He was one of the king's judges, and signed the warrant for his execution. In February 1649 he was elected a member of the new
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there. Here he spared neither health nor money in the public service. He landed in Ireland in January 1651 and was involved in the
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they might be governed by their own consent, it could not be just to treat them in another manner upon any pretenses whatsoever."
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A True Narrative of the late proceedings in Parliament, Councell of State, General Councell of the Army and Committee of Safety
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Ludlow went into exile in Switzerland, where he spent much of the rest of his life. Ludlow himself spelt his name Ludlowe.
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were generally assumed to be authentic – there were editions in 1720–1722, 1751, and 1771, with a scholarly edition by
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It is a country where there is not enough water to drown a man, wood enough to hang one, nor earth enough to bury him.
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The memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, Lieutenant-General of the Horse in the army of the Commonwealth of England, 1625–1672
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The memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, Lieutenant-General of the Horse in the army of the Commonwealth of England, 1625–1672
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returned from Ireland in June 1650, he appointed Ludlow as lieutenant-general of horse and second-in-command to
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His influence and authority had now disappeared, and all chance of regaining them vanished with General
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on 23 October 1642. In 1643 he returned to Wiltshire and became captain of a troop of horse for Sir
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After a brief imprisonment in Oxford, he was exchanged soon afterwards, and engaged as major of
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John Raithby (ed. 1819), Statutes of the Realm: volume 5: 1628–80 (1819), pp. 226–234.
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in April 1653, Ludlow maintained his employment. However, when Cromwell was declared
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XXXIV. Persons excepted by Name who were concerned in the Murder of King Charles I
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Ludlow's puritanism is virtually written out, and his views changed to make him a
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Ludlow opposed negotiations with Charles I, and was one of the chief promoters of
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of 1659, but opposed the continuance of the Protectorate. He sat in the restored
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870:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 112–113.
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In July 1659, Edmond Ludlow was appointed commander-in-chief by the restored
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Charles II, 1660: An Act of Free and Generall Pardon Indempnity and Oblivion
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Roundhead Reputations: The English Civil War and the Passions of Posterity
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of Maiden Bradley and his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Phelips of
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were part of a range of late seventeenth-century publications printed by
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having resolved to play another part, discovered the whole intrigue to
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In 1691–1693 four pamphlets were published in Ludlow's name. Like the
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surprised his regiment, with Ludlow only escaping with difficulty.
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The first edition of this text is available at Wikisource:
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in September 1634 and graduated in 1636. He was admitted to the
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in 1649 he was made second-in-command of Parliament's forces in
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Though disapproving of Cromwell's action in dissolving the
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in 1642, Ludlow engaged as a volunteer in the lifeguard of
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For his grandfather, also a landowner and politician, see
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During his exile, Ludlow wrote an autobiography entitled
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after a tenacious three-month defence on 18 March 1644.
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After Oliver Cromwell's death, Ludlow was returned for
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in November, and took part in an expedition to relieve
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Commander-in-chief of all forces in Ireland (1659-1660)
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during counter-guerilla operations there in 1651–52; "
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BBC: The Flowers of the Burren, County Clare, Ireland
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Lieutenant-general of horse (1650-1655...1659-1660)
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891:" A similar quote can be found in "The Journal of
667:. After his death, his manuscript was obtained by
290:and served in the Parliamentary armies during the
1114:Not represented in Second Protectorate Parliament
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679:. A heavily rewritten and shortened version of
627:, Switzerland. On 16 April 1662, the canton of
936:The Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, v. II p. 111-112
883:The BBC report goes on to say that he added "
730:-like secular republican. Until the 1970s the
16:17th-century English parliamentary politician
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797:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
385:'s regiment of horse. He was present at the
828:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
687:in 1698–99 in three volumes. The historian
113:1659 – (rump parliament abolished)
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918:The Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, v. II p. 11.
495:he declined to acknowledge his authority.
370:regiment. Hungerford made him governor of
362:on 23 September 1642, and his next was at
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1259:English Calvinist and Reformed Christians
927:The Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, v. II p. 74
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374:in 1643, but he had to surrender to the
270:, best known for his involvement in the
1046:. Vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
1031:. Vol. 1. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
794:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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542:and other Long Parliament leaders.
1279:English expatriates in Switzerland
986:, Date accessed: 18 February 2008.
609:Pardon, Indemnity and Oblivion Act
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397:in December. In January 1645 Sir
294:. After the establishment of the
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408:for 1645 he was elected in 1646
334:, Somerset. He matriculated at
306:over the establishment of the
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1167:Commander-in-Chief of Ireland
526:Opposition to the Restoration
52:Commander-in-chief of Ireland
811:UK public library membership
685:The Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow
665:A voyce from the watch tower
599:Ludlow took his seat in the
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1229:Members of the Inner Temple
595:Exile after the Restoration
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1021:Ludlow, Edmund (1894).
867:Encyclopædia Britannica
651:Reputation and writings
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336:Trinity College, Oxford
302:, before breaking with
282:. Ludlow was elected a
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428:Pride's Purge
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32:Edmund Ludlow
29:
26:
22:
1180:
1165:
1159:
1131:
1128:1659
1118:
1086:
1073:
1042:
1038:Firth, C. H.
1027:
1023:Firth, C. H.
996:
991:
974:
964:
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932:
923:
914:
904:
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876:
865:
823:
792:
789:Firth, C. H.
743:
741:
731:
723:
707:
699:
689:Blair Worden
684:
683:appeared as
680:
664:
662:
654:
634:
598:
585:John Lambert
582:
578:
573:George Monck
560:
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529:
509:
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482:
472:
469:County Clare
448:Henry Ireton
441:
425:
403:
380:
349:
340:Inner Temple
321:
310:. After the
308:Protectorate
296:Commonwealth
275:
260:
259:
230:Battles/wars
127:
108:
92:
85:Succeeded by
77:
59:
25:
1204:1692 deaths
1199:1617 births
1105:Thomas Eyre
969:condemned.'
716:John Milton
696:John Toland
645:William III
312:Restoration
173:Switzerland
70:Preceded by
1234:Roundheads
1193:Categories
1171:1659–1660
1090:1646–1648
1007:, ch. 1–4.
813:required.)
750:References
736:C.H. Firth
708:Discourses
704:John Darby
635:After the
356:Lord Essex
318:Early life
199:politician
195:Profession
1079:Wiltshire
722:. In the
460:Fleetwood
418:Calvinist
414:Wiltshire
412:(MP) for
376:Royalists
360:Worcester
352:Civil War
342:in 1638.
332:Montacute
158:, England
156:Wiltshire
132:1646–1653
128:In office
120:Wiltshire
109:In office
60:In office
621:Lausanne
576:failed.
364:Edgehill
1040:(ed.).
1025:(ed.).
855::
744:Memoirs
732:Memoirs
724:Memoirs
700:Memoirs
681:A voyce
500:Memoirs
395:Taunton
300:Ireland
286:of the
276:Memoirs
265:English
203:soldier
149:c. 1617
1130:With:
1124:Hindon
1085:With:
1003:
849:
807:
698:. The
617:Geneva
613:Dieppe
605:Hindon
512:Hindon
465:Burren
442:After
284:Member
187:Spouse
101:Hindon
693:deist
625:Vevey
169:Vevey
1122:for
1077:for
1001:ISBN
728:Whig
718:and
658:Ovid
629:Bern
619:and
530:The
214:Rank
166:1692
163:Died
146:Born
864:".
799:doi
710:of
467:in
450:in
1195::
982:,
941:^
909:7.
834:^
822:.
758:^
475:"
247:.
242:.
237:.
201:,
171:,
154:,
899:.
805:.
801::
23:.
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