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204:(1851). In this book, he sought out ways to re-interpret the Bible to agree with the latest geological theories. For example, knowing that the earth was at least hundreds of thousands of years old, vastly older than the 6,000 years allowed by certain biblical interpretations, Hitchcock devised a way to read the original Hebrew so that a single letter in Genesis—a "v", meaning "afterwards"—implied the vast timespans during which the earth was formed. Randy Moore described Hitchcock as "America's leading advocate of
911:
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and
Geology from 1845 until his death in 1864. In 1845, Hitchcock became President of the College, a post he held until 1854. As president, Hitchcock was responsible for Amherst's recovery from severe financial difficulties. He is also credited with developing the college's scientific resources and
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369:. He believed that new species were introduced by a deity at the right time in the history of the earth. The chart is present in all editions between 1840 and 1859. After
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200:. His chief project, however, was natural theology, which attempted to unify and reconcile science and religion, focusing on geology. His major work in this area was
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196:, and in 1830 was appointed state geologist of Massachusetts (he held the post until 1844). He also played a role in the geological surveys of New York and
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231:, that were later associated with dinosaurs, though he believed, with a certain prescience, that they were made by gigantic ancient birds. In the
545:
Brignon, Arnaud (2017). "The earliest discoveries of articulated fossil fishes (Actinopterygii) in the United States: A historical perspective".
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350:(1840). It shows a branching diagram of the plant and animal kingdom against a geological background. He referred to it as a tree. This "
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which once filled the
Connecticut River basin, this prehistoric lake was named after him. Since he had done geological research on the
406:"Retrospection: A Sermon Delivered at Amherst, MA, at Close of Spring Term". May 13, 1823. Northampton, MA: Sylvester Judd, Jr., 1823.
391:(1836–1919) published a new edition (1870) also without a paleontological chart. Charles then published books and articles of his own.
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gives an overview of the holdings of
Hitchcock material available in the Archives & Special Collections and elsewhere at Amherst.
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785:
601:
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Restoring a 'Public
Standard' to Accuracy: Authority, Social Class, and Utility in the American Almanac Controversy, 1814–1818
309:
232:
462:
Outline of the
Geology of the Globe and of the United States in Particular with Sketches of Characteristic American Fossils
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In addition to his positions at
Amherst, Hitchcock was a well-known early geologist. He ran the first geological survey of
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Curious
Footprints: Professor Hitchcock's Dinosaur Tracks & Other Natural History Treasures at Amherst College
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921:"Early Discoveries of Dinosaurs From North America and the Significance of the Springfield Armory Dinosaur Site"
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Hitchcock dropped the chart. In 1863 Hitchcock wrote an article in which he criticized Darwin’s theory of
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215:. He discovered some of the first fossil fishes in the United States. He published papers on fossilized
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Geology and
Religion Before Darwin: The Case of Edward Hitchcock, Theologian and Geologist (1793-1864)
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1080:
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752:"Edward and Orra White Hitchcock Papers, Amherst College Archives and Special Collections"
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An Essay on
Temperance, Addressed Particularly to Students, and the Young Men of America
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Amherst College. He held that post from 1825 to 1845, serving as Professor of
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Dyspepsy Forestalled and Resisted, Or, Lectures on Diet, Regimen, and Employment
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172:, where he was later principal, from 1815 to 1818. In 1821 he was ordained as a
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819:
Government Information Department, University of New Hampshire Library web site
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Creationism: Intellectual Origins, Cultural Context, and Theoretical Diversity
638:
619:"Revision of the Early Jurassic arthropod trackways Camurichnus and Hamipes"
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362:
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in 1834. From 1856 to 1861, Hitchcock was the State Geologist for Vermont.
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Brief History of Geology at Amherst: The Latest Holocene, Amherst College
248:
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197:
180:, 1821–1825. He left the ministry to become Professor of Chemistry and
235:
he established a remarkable collection of fossil footmarks. His son,
926:
319:. The Archives and Special Collections at Amherst holds his papers.
361:. Hitchcock saw God as the agent of change. He explicitly rejected
333:
159:
986:
892:(Amherst College Press, 2006), with photographs by Frank Ward.
176:
pastor and served as pastor of the Congregational Church in
315:
His collections, a bust and portrait can be viewed at the
781:"Edward Hitchcock's Pre-Darwinian (1840) 'Tree of Life'"
449:
Lectures on the Peculiar Phenomena of the Four Seasons
411:
Catalogue of the Plants within Twenty Miles of Amherst
338:
Fold-out paleontological chart of Edward Hitchcock in
189:
establishing its reputation for scientific teaching.
1209:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
927:"Edward and Orra White Hitchcock at Amherst College"
524:
Moore, Randy; Decker, Mark; Cotner, Sehoya. (2010).
526:
Chronology of the Evolution-creationism Controversy
144:(May 24, 1793 – February 27, 1864) was an American
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96:
86:
78:
60:
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435:The Religion of Geology and its Connected Sciences
202:The Religion of Geology and Its Connected Sciences
871:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
941:National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir
168:Born to poor parents, he attended newly founded
998:
19:For other people named Edward Hitchcock, see
8:
775:
773:
346:He inserted a paleontological chart in his
308:In 1841, he was elected as a member to the
1005:
991:
983:
945:
27:
866:Edward Hitchcock: The Christian Geologist
637:
626:Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana
490:Amherst College Museum of Natural History
317:Amherst College Museum of Natural History
804:. University of California, Los Angeles.
677:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences
672:"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter H"
517:
455:Reports on the Geology of Massachusetts
164:A bust of Hitchcock at Amherst College.
934:Edward and Orra White Hitchcock Papers
588:Brummitt, R. K.; C. E. Powell (1992).
303:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
1224:People from Deerfield, Massachusetts
1184:American Congregationalist ministers
885:, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 693–710.
861:. Vol. 63, No. 4, pp. 529–543.
387:. After his death in 1864, his son
912:Works by or about Edward Hitchcock
501:Connecticut River Valley trackways
262:. This botanist is denoted by the
14:
789:42: 561-592, archived 6 July 2010
786:Journal of the History of Biology
401:Geology of the Connecticut Valley
21:Edward Hitchcock (disambiguation)
1229:Calvinist and Reformed ministers
476:Reminiscences of Amherst College
469:Illustrations of Surface Geology
38:
1179:American Christian creationists
301:He was elected a Fellow of the
851:Guralnick, Stanley M. (1972).
798:McIver, Thomas Allen. (1989).
779:Archibald, J. David. (2009).
310:American Philosophical Society
294:, one of the mountains there,
233:Hitchcock Ichnological Cabinet
1:
1239:Presidents of Amherst College
1015:Presidents of Amherst College
883:Journal of the Early Republic
357:Hitchcock was an advocate of
1244:19th-century American clergy
864:Lawrence, Philip J. (1972).
497:- electrical device inventor
127:Author abbrev. (botany)
823:University of New Hampshire
815:"More on Charles Hitchcock"
547:American Journal of Science
211:Hitchcock left his mark in
148:and the third President of
1260:
1214:Heads of Deerfield Academy
877:Marché, Jordan D. (1998).
697:"Hitchcock Geologic Atlas"
594:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
528:. Greenwood Press. p. 99.
237:Edward "Doc" Hitchcock Jr.
18:
1219:Middlebury College alumni
1022:
971:
961:
953:
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923:, by Vincent L. Santucci.
903:Works by Edward Hitchcock
617:Patrick R. Getty (2018).
286:As he had researched the
208:-based gap creationism."
135:
106:
37:
1204:Deerfield Academy alumni
1189:American paleontologists
975:William Augustus Stearns
639:10.18268/BSGM2018v70n2a1
457:(1833, 1835, 1838, 1841)
376:On the Origin of Species
54:Deerfield, Massachusetts
1194:Amherst College faculty
389:Charles Henry Hitchcock
298:, was named after him.
16:American paleontologist
1234:Yale University alumni
825:. 2003. Archived from
590:Authors of Plant Names
343:
241:Megadactylus polyzelus
165:
72:Amherst, Massachusetts
888:Pick, Nancy. (2006).
658:June 6, 2015, at the
430:, 1840. (31 editions)
373:(1859) published his
337:
330:Paleontological chart
178:Conway, Massachusetts
163:
1119:(1983–1984) (acting)
932:Updated link to the
731:search.amphilsoc.org
727:"APS Member History"
322:In 1821, he married
101:Orra White Hitchcock
559:2017AmJS..317..216B
264:author abbreviation
567:10.2475/02.2017.03
427:Elementary Geology
381:Elementary Geology
348:Elementary Geology
344:
340:Elementary Geology
221:Connecticut Valley
166:
1156:
1155:
981:
980:
972:Succeeded by
949:Academic offices
907:Project Gutenberg
829:on August 7, 2011
707:on August 7, 2011
534:978-0-313-36287-3
385:natural selection
174:Congregationalist
170:Deerfield Academy
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108:Scientific career
91:Deerfield Academy
64:February 27, 1864
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367:six-day creation
365:and a religious
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186:Natural Theology
142:Edward Hitchcock
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32:Edward Hitchcock
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874:116 (1): 21-34.
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827:the original
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756:the original
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705:the original
701:docs.unh.edu
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251:specimen of
245:reclassified
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66:(1864-02-27)
50:May 24, 1793
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1174:1864 deaths
1169:1793 births
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1137:(2003–2011)
1131:(1994–2003)
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1095:(1946–1960)
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1035:(1823–1845)
1029:(1821–1823)
260:prosauropod
254:Anchisaurus
79:Citizenship
1163:Categories
1069:Meiklejohn
512:References
324:Orra White
1039:Hitchcock
833:August 3,
711:March 21,
363:evolution
270:E.Hitchc.
256:polyzelus
225:Eubrontes
146:geologist
131:E.Hitchc.
1099:Plimpton
1033:Humphrey
736:April 9,
656:Archived
575:89973187
484:See also
395:Writings
1149:(2022–)
1147:Elliott
1123:Pouncey
1045:Stearns
914:at the
555:Bibcode
247:as the
229:Otozoum
219:in the
198:Vermont
117:Geology
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1129:Gerety
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277:citing
217:tracks
114:Fields
97:Spouse
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1027:Moore
675:(PDF)
622:(PDF)
571:S2CID
275:when
1135:Marx
1105:Ward
1093:Cole
1087:King
1075:Olds
858:Isis
835:2010
764:2010
738:2021
713:2018
683:2016
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530:ISBN
249:type
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156:Life
61:Died
47:Born
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