117:
29:
330:, the area where the outbreak occurred. It still took years before the public authorities acted to ensure the purity of water supply; Snow had been dead for over 30 years when the Chief Medical Office of Health at last acknowledged that his work on the transmission of cholera was one of the most significant medical discoveries of the 19th century.
316:
The Board of
Guardians met to consult what ought to be done. Of that meeting, the late Dr. Snow demanded an audience. He was admitted and gave it as his opinion that the pump in Broad Street, and that pump alone, was the cause of all the pestilence. He was not believed: not a member of his own
77:
in 1845, daughter of a former mill-owner. She was 19 at the time of marriage, became a botanist and microscopist, published books for children and wrote natural history articles. They had a total of eleven children of whom eight survived – four boys and four girls.
86:, Darwin's tutor, was also a family friend. A born teacher, he introduced Edwin's son Ray to the delights of fossil collecting. Through his association with East Suffolk and his friendship with Henslow, Lankester became an early and active Honorary Member of the
167:
to become resident medical attendant and science tutor to the Woods family of
Campsall Hall, recommended by Lindley. The Woods family were "indifferent to religion and fervent Owenites" as he mentioned in a letter home.
397:
349:
The
Correspondence of John Ray: Consisting of Selections from the Philosophical Letters Published by Dr. Derham, and Original Letters of John Ray in the Collection of the British Museum
333:
Lankester's interest in this (beyond simple humanity) came through his microscopical examination of water, which is still one of the standard tests of drinking water quality today.
303:). The matter was not decided until Lankester formed a committee to look into the latest outbreak. The Committee's report (1854) had sections written by Snow and the Reverend
579:
108:, married, and raised a family, the only one of Edwin's offspring to do so. The lack of productivity in this otherwise capable family was distinctly unusual at that time.
248:
for 25 years, and the founder of the
Biological Section of the BA. He was present at the infamous Wilberforce-Huxley encounter in 1860. He was the first Secretary of the
100:'s and was so deeply impressed by him that he was determined that one of his sons should become a great biologist, He named all three of his sons suitably: Forbes,
104:
and Owen!" (p. 338 in Mayr and
Provine). But, alas for this excellent story, Edwin had another son, his second, whom he named Rushton. Rushton emigrated to
574:
156:
47:
191:. He contributed to the Biographical Dictionary, and wrote for other journals. As time went by, he became ever more fully absorbed in natural history.
559:
267:
In addition, Lankester also served as coroner for
Central Middlesex, succeeding the first medically qualified coroner to take up the position, Dr
554:
317:
profession, not an individual in the parish believed that Snow was right. But the pump was closed nevertheless and the plague was stayed.
194:
In 1841 his study of sulphur bacteria (then the 'glairine of sulphurous waters') was noteworthy, as was his microscopic examination of
496:
594:
311:. They reached the conclusion that the outbreak was attributable to the use of impure water from the well in Broad Street.
363:
50:(23 April 1814 – 30 October 1874) was an English surgeon and naturalist who made a major contribution to the control of
549:
304:
288:
257:
253:
145:
43:
39:
261:
149:
275:
in nineteenth century
Britain by producing a series of 'statistically detailed Annual Reports' on the phenomenon.
584:
536:
Vinten-Johansen, Peter et al. Cholera, chloroform, and the science of medicine: A Life of John Snow. Oxford 2003.
485:
323:
184:
129:
124:
Apprenticed at first to a Mr. Ginney, a surgeon of
Woodbridge, in 1832 he became Assistant to Thomas Spurgin of
327:
271:, in 1862. Dr. Lankester, like his predecessor, contributed greatly to our knowledge on the social problem of
204:
160:
383:
Steven J. Plunkett, 'Ipswich Museum
Moralities in the 1840s and 1850s', in C. Harper-Bill et al. (eds),
292:
144:
succeeded in 1875. Grant had been one of Darwin's tutors at
Edinburgh. Edwin's friends at UCL included
589:
569:
564:
83:
418:
300:
245:
233:
137:
79:
63:
238:
187:, the botanist. He practised medicine and wrote articles on botany, medicine and surgery for the
492:
296:
188:
141:
67:
446:
Rose, Lionel 1986, Massacre of the Innocents: Infanticide in Great Britain 1800–1939 p. 62.
237:
in his honour. In 1850 he was appointed professor of natural sciences at the newly founded
128:. Spurgin raised £300 to enable Edwin to study medicine and science from 1834–7 at the new
224:
74:
359:
116:
195:
125:
97:
96:, the ecological geneticist, said of Edwin: "Lankester was a close personal friend of
87:
543:
268:
180:
101:
20:
133:
347:
353:
272:
249:
228:
209:
172:
actually visited Campsall Hall, and Lankester described the event in his diary.
169:
457:
387:(Boydell press with Centre of East Anglian Studies, Woodbridge 2002), 309–331.
176:
93:
28:
179:
to take his M.D., which he got in six months. Back in London, he befriended
164:
252:, with his wife as Assistant Secretary. In 1845 he was President of the
489:
Victorian Values: The Life and Times of Dr Edwin Lankester M.D., F.R.S.
284:
155:
Edwin could not afford a complete degree course, so he qualified as an
90:, of which his son Ray Lankester was afterwards President (1901–1929).
51:
519:(edited, with additions, by Peter J. Bowler). BSHS Monograph #9. 1995.
308:
220:
115:
27:
105:
66:
in Suffolk, to 'poor but clever parents' according to his son
314:
In 1866, twelve years after the event, Dr. Lankester wrote "
458:"John Snow and the removal of the Broad Street pump handle"
260:. Twenty years later he became the first President of the
385:
East Anglia's History: Essays in Honour of Norman Scarfe
82:
became a close friend of the family, and visited often.
54:
in London: he was the first public analyst in England.
517:
E. Ray Lankester: the making of modern British biology
202:(1856) had a great vogue. He co-founded the important
423:Lindl. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science"
175:In 1839 Lankester left the Woods and travelled to
62:Edwin Lankester was born in 1814 in Melton, near
216:(1857) was a best-seller, reprinted until 1918.
227:from Tropical Africa, (belonging to the family
140:(zoology) – to whose post Edwin's eldest son
8:
16:English surgeon & naturalist (1814-1874)
580:Fellows of the Royal Microscopical Society
522:Mayr, Ernst and Provine, William B. (eds)
205:Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science
70:(Lester 1995). His father was a builder.
295:(1813–1858; author of the famous map of
531:On the mode of communication of Cholera
376:
256:, and that same year he was elected a
208:(QJMS) in 1853, and co-edited it with
19:For his son, Edwin Ray Lankester, see
398:"The International Plant Names Index"
244:Edwin Lankester was President of the
7:
241:. He held this position until 1872.
575:Alumni of University College London
14:
322:Lankester later became the first
287:outbreaks had been identified by
560:People from Woodbridge, Suffolk
510:Half-hours with the microscope
214:Half-hours with the microscope
212:, and later with his son Ray.
1:
364:Biodiversity Heritage Library
555:Fellows of the Royal Society
526:. Harvard 1980; 2nd ed 1998.
258:Fellow of the Royal Society
254:Royal Microscopical Society
611:
524:The evolutionary synthesis
427:Plants of the World Online
262:Quekett Microscopical Club
150:William Benjamin Carpenter
132:. He attended lectures by
120:Lankester as a younger man
18:
533:. Churchill, London 1855.
324:Medical Officer of Health
130:University College London
491:Biopress, Bristol 1990.
595:Child murder in England
161:Society of Apothecaries
283:The cause of London's
163:. In 1837 he moved to
159:and Licentiate of the
121:
33:
337:Selected publications
119:
31:
328:St. James's district
84:John Stevens Henslow
456:Frerichs, Ralph R.
291:(1808–1891) and Dr
246:British Association
138:Robert Edmund Grant
80:Thomas Henry Huxley
550:English scientists
508:Lankester, Edwin.
501:Lankester, Edwin.
239:New College London
219:In 1845, botanist
122:
34:
223:named a genus of
189:Penny Cyclopaedia
602:
585:English coroners
503:The Aquavivarium
486:English, Mary P.
473:
472:
470:
468:
453:
447:
444:
438:
437:
435:
433:
415:
409:
408:
406:
404:
394:
388:
381:
357:
344:Lankester, Edwin
225:flowering plants
142:E. Ray Lankester
68:E. Ray Lankester
610:
609:
605:
604:
603:
601:
600:
599:
540:
539:
482:
477:
476:
466:
464:
462:www.ph.ucla.edu
455:
454:
450:
445:
441:
431:
429:
417:
416:
412:
402:
400:
396:
395:
391:
382:
378:
373:
342:
339:
305:Henry Whitehead
289:John Sutherland
281:
198:. His book the
114:
60:
37:Edwin Lankester
32:Edwin Lankester
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
608:
606:
598:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
542:
541:
538:
537:
534:
527:
520:
513:
506:
499:
481:
478:
475:
474:
448:
439:
410:
389:
375:
374:
372:
369:
368:
367:
346:, ed. (1848).
338:
335:
280:
277:
196:drinking water
185:Arthur Henfrey
146:William Jenner
126:Saffron Walden
113:
110:
88:Ipswich Museum
73:Edwin married
59:
56:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
607:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
547:
545:
535:
532:
528:
525:
521:
518:
514:
511:
507:
504:
500:
498:
497:0-948737-14-X
494:
490:
487:
484:
483:
479:
463:
459:
452:
449:
443:
440:
428:
424:
422:
414:
411:
399:
393:
390:
386:
380:
377:
370:
365:
361:
355:
351:
350:
345:
341:
340:
336:
334:
331:
329:
325:
320:
318:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
278:
276:
274:
270:
269:Thomas Wakley
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
242:
240:
236:
235:
230:
226:
222:
217:
215:
211:
207:
206:
201:
197:
192:
190:
186:
182:
181:Edward Forbes
178:
173:
171:
166:
162:
158:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
136:(botany) and
135:
131:
127:
118:
111:
109:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
89:
85:
81:
76:
71:
69:
65:
57:
55:
53:
49:
45:
41:
38:
30:
26:
22:
21:Ray Lankester
530:
529:Snow, John.
523:
516:
515:Lester, Joe
509:
502:
488:
465:. Retrieved
461:
451:
442:
430:. Retrieved
426:
420:
413:
401:. Retrieved
392:
384:
379:
348:
343:
332:
321:
315:
313:
301:Broad Street
282:
266:
243:
232:
218:
213:
203:
200:Aquavivarium
199:
193:
174:
154:
134:John Lindley
123:
92:
72:
61:
36:
35:
25:
590:Infanticide
570:1874 deaths
565:1814 births
421:Lankesteria
403:27 February
354:Ray Society
297:water pumps
273:infanticide
250:Ray Society
234:Lankesteria
229:Acanthaceae
210:George Busk
170:Robert Owen
544:Categories
371:References
352:. London:
307:, a local
177:Heidelberg
94:E. B. Ford
75:Phebe Pope
64:Woodbridge
293:John Snow
165:Doncaster
326:for the
512:. 1857.
505:. 1856.
480:Sources
467:5 March
285:cholera
279:Cholera
52:cholera
495:
432:16 May
358:(also
309:curate
221:Lindl.
112:Career
98:Darwin
299:near
231:) as
493:ISBN
469:2017
434:2021
405:2015
360:here
183:and
157:MRCS
148:and
106:Java
58:Life
48:MRCS
44:FRMS
362:at
102:Ray
40:FRS
546::
460:.
425:.
319:"
264:.
152:.
46:,
42:,
471:.
436:.
419:"
407:.
366:)
356:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
