Effects of Hurricane Katrina in the Southeastern United States

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Orleans to fail and leave the city underwater. Many emergency officials were stunned by the lack of response to Hurricane Pam's simulation, expressing their concerns that if a disaster like this did occur, the effects would be catastrophic. It was indeed confirmed that Pam's disaster plan was seen by FEMA and Louisiana state officials, to no avail. Under Hurricane Pam's disaster plan, it was decided that preparations for the hurricane should have been happening for three days prior to the hurricane's arrival on land. In New Orleans, a mandatory evacuation was not ordered by the city until approximately 20 hours before Hurricane Katrina made landfall. On top of this, it was important that officials representing FEMA had critical resources ready to go before the storm hit the city, which they failed to do so. While it is true that the authorities of the city and state government were mainly in charge of moving people to safety, Hurricane Pam's disaster plan noted that there was a scarcity of resources in support shelters for the state of Louisiana. Shortly thereafter the effects of Hurricane Katrina were evident, President Bush made it clear that he wanted there to be an investigation regarding the government's preparedness for and response to Hurricane Katrina.

317:(51 in other states) and a 28-foot (8.5 m) storm surge flooding 6–12 miles (9.7–19.3 km) inland. Many, unable to evacuate, survived by climbing to attics or rooftops, or swimming to higher buildings and trees. The worst property damage from Katrina occurred in coastal Mississippi, where all towns flooded over 90% in hours, and waves destroyed many historic buildings, with others gutted to the 3rd story. Afterward, 238 people died in Mississippi, and all counties in Mississippi were declared disaster areas, 49 for full federal assistance. Regulations were changed later for emergency centers and casinos. The emergency command centers were moved higher because all 3 coastal centers flooded at 30 ft (9.1 m) above sea level. Casinos were allowed on land rather than limited to floating casino barges as in 2005. 668:

NHC's implementation and execution of policies was seen as excellent by many government emergency officials. Throughout the tracking of Hurricane Katrina, the NHC's forecasts were very consistent and provided strong evidence for the intensity and power of the storm. Not only were the forecasts made by the NHC accurate, but they were also timely, which allowed for workforce management operation members to in turn provide accurate information to their counterparts. As well as the accuracy and timeliness of the NHC's forecast, it was precisely expected that Hurricane Katrina would be a massive hurricane that caused detrimental effects to the northern Gulf coast.

1452: 2468:(2004). Because all 3 Emergency Command Centers in the Mississippi coastal counties had been flooded over 30 feet (9.1 m) above sea level, the rules for command-center elevation were changed to relocate to even higher ground. The casino-gambling regulations were changed to allow casinos to be built on land in taller buildings, no longer forcing the use of massive floating casino barges near a city, which could again become battering rams along 2nd and 3rd-story levels of nearby hotels. Many local Gulf Coast 660:

component for the National Centers for Environmental Prediction, and the HPC is a provider of weather forecasts and analyses that support the NWS. Along with this, the HPC supplies the NHC with precipitation statements. After what is considered a tropical storm progresses inward on land and the NHS terminates any alerts they put out, the HPC then accepts the authority of watching over the system. The two offices work hand in hand with one another to ensure the most accurate information is released to the public.

2341:, along with about a million chickens after destroying 17 poultry barns. This marked the first tornado fatality in Georgia in the month of August on record. The tornadoes also resulted in six injuries, with damage estimated at $ 12.8 million. Rainfall in the state reached 5.05 in (128 mm), enough to cause street flooding. Gusty winds caused isolated tree and power line damage across northwestern Georgia. Heavier rainfall occurred in North Carolina, reaching 7.19 in (183 mm) at 2397: 1717: 1191:

rental cars were in short supply and many forms of public transportation had been shut down well before the storm arrived. The result was that hundreds of thousands of residents and tourists were unable to evacuate and remained in the city. Nonetheless, some estimates claimed that 90-92% of the 1.3 million residents of the New Orleans metropolitan region evacuated including 80% of Orleans parish. More than 80,000 people were homeless at the time.

1852: 344: 47: 5311: 1919: 2105: 1204: 2204:. The hurricane-force winds caused widespread destruction, toppling trees and telephone poles throughout the parish. The Twin Spans of I-10 between Slidell and New Orleans East were virtually destroyed, and much of I-10 in New Orleans East was underwater. The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway and the Highway 11 bridge, connecting the north and south shores of Lake Pontchartrain, were open only to emergency traffic. 456: 2524:: GARY TUCHMAN, CNN Correspondent: Responds to Anderson Cooper that it felt like it would never end, saying winds were at least 100 miles per hour in Gulfport for seven hours, between about 7:00 a.m. and 2:01 p.m. For another five or six hours, on each side of that, they had hurricane-force winds over 75 miles per hour; much of the city of 71,000 was then under water. 491:. Early on August 25, a hurricane warning was issued from Florida City to Vero Beach and for Lake Okeechobee. In southeastern Florida, the lead time for the hurricane watch and warning occurred 31.5 and 19.5 hours before landfall, respectively; both were 16.5 hours less than the desired lead time. A tropical storm warning was also issued from Florida Key, southward through the 1959: 551:

28, the Red Cross also opened shelters in coastal counties, and by 7:00 p.m., 11 counties and eleven cities issued evacuation orders, a number which increased to 41 counties and 61 cities before the following morning, when Katrina came ashore. Moreover, 57 emergency shelters were established on coastal communities, with 31 additional shelters available to open if needed....

1223:. Most of the deaths were in Louisiana or Mississippi, caused by flooding. However, there were hundreds of indirect deaths, such as related to cardiovascular issues or traffic accidents. Katrina caused significant damage where it moved ashore, with monetary damage estimated at $ 125 billion, making it the costliest United States hurricane on record, later tied by 1302: 2457:

Jones, Kemper, Lamar, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Leake, Lincoln, Lowndes, Madison, Marion, Neshoba, Newton, Noxubee, Oktibbeha, Pearl River, Perry, Pike, Rankin, Scott, Simpson, Smith, Stone, Walthall, Warren, Wayne, Wilkinson, Winston and Yazoo. Taxpayers were eligible for automatic relief in the 49 Mississippi counties designated for individual assistance.

4785: 3799: 2257: 2200:. The storm surge extended over six miles inland, impacting numerous communities, including Slidell, Avery Estates, Lakeshore Estates, Oak Harbor, Eden Isles, and North Shore Beach. The surge affected the entire 57 miles of the parish's coastline and caused significant damage, with a height of 12 feet (3.7 m) being recorded in 1439:, or "The Causeway", which connects parts of Mobile Bay together, collapsed, causing a temporary closure. The strong winds knocked down trees and power lines. Over 656,000 customers in Alabama lost power, causing it to have, at the time, the second most power outages for a storm in Alabama history behind only 2155:

to contact Honoré of Northern Command (Honoré arrived on Wednesday, August 31, as the commander of the newly established Joint Task Force Katrina to supervise federal military operations) to arrange for active duty military support of response operations in Louisiana. Additionally, General Landreneau

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Rebuilding in Harrison County proceeded at different paces in different towns. Biloxi was greatly helped by the resurgence of the casino industry, while smaller towns such as Pass Christian did not have an economic base with which to start the reconstruction effort. By January 2007, almost a year and

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Thirty of the confirmed deaths in Harrison County were at the St. Charles apartment complex, said Kelly Jakubic with the county's Emergency Operations Center. The apartment complex was reported, by local news sources, to have collapsed with dozens of residents inside. FOX News also reported deaths at

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The three coastal counties of Mississippi, populated by about 400,000 people (almost the population of central New Orleans), had been mostly evacuated before Katrina flooded the 100-mile (160 km) region. Katrina's storm surge was the most extensive, as well as the highest, in the documented

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Because of federal intent to rebuild or recover projects of the US Federal Government, the damage assessment to federal buildings in Mississippi covers actual costs: the amount needed to resume operations at market costs. The following federal projects are described in terms of damage, along with the

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Louisiana's hurricane evacuation plan calls for local governments in areas along and near the coast to call for evacuations in three phases, starting with the immediate coast 50 hours before the start of tropical storm force winds. Persons in areas designated Phase II begin evacuating 40 hours before

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Since the evacuation was not total, many people survived the 30-foot (9.1 m) storm tide by climbing into the second-floor attic, or knocking out walls and ceiling boards to climb onto the roof or nearby trees. Tree trunks remained standing, even near the beaches, where many houses were leveled.

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was activated, raising the level of concern, and on August 27, the state government activated its Emergency Operations Center, and local governments began issuing evacuation orders: the Mississippi Emergency Management Agency (MEMA) advised not opening shelters in coastal counties. However, on August

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that had been washed out to sea along the coastal areas. Detailed reports were written describing how people had survived by swimming to taller buildings or trees, and noting that those too old or unable to swim did not survive. Many residents moved away and never returned. Medical studies attempted

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helicopters. The 17th Street Canal levee repair was completed by September 5, 2005, and subsequently, the three canals were repaired all the way to Lake Pontchartrain. The Army Corps of Engineers added flood gates to the three canals. Many evacuees were trapped in flooded houses and rooftops waiting

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levee was just south of the Hammond Highway Bridge. Levees adjacent to London Avenue breached in two locations: one near Robert E. Lee Boulevard and one between Filmore Avenue and Mirabeau Avenue. Two breaches also occurred in the Industrial Canal adjacent to Surekote Road. Levee repair efforts were

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struck southwestern Florida as a major hurricane, affecting the Miami area with hurricane-force winds that left 98% of south Florida without power. Including Hurricane Dennis in July, FEMA provided $ 1 billion in public assistance to Florida residents in association with the four hurricanes in

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which had been prepared to accommodate only 800. Eventually, 30,000 arrived at the Superdome before they were evacuated. By August 31, eighty percent (80%) of the city of New Orleans was flooded by Hurricane Katrina, with some parts of the city under 20 feet (6.1 m), of water. Over 50 breaches

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north of Katrina's first landfall, the hurricane dropped light rainfall, ranging from 2 to 4 in (51 to 102 mm). Train and bus service was disrupted in the Miami area. Widespread flooding affected crop nurseries and greenhouses, and crop damage totaled $ 423 million. The storm's outer

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Overall, Hurricane Katrina killed 14 people in Florida, of which 6 were directly related to the storm. Downed trees killed three people in Broward County. Three people drowned in Miami-Dade County, two of whom on boats. Six of the indirect deaths were in South Florida, of which three were from

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On August 29, the President of Plaquemines Parish, Benny Rousselle, issued a statement to all residents not to return to the parish until further notice. There were no public services available and all roads were closed and impassable. He requested that only employees in Drainage, Heavy Equipment,

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Initial search and rescue operations were conducted south of Highway 190 from Lacombe east to the state line, with over 3,000 people evacuated from flooded homes and about 300 people rescued. During the rescue period, radio communications for first responders were working, but the 9-1-1 system was

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within a few days to assist the relief efforts. The US Coast Guard rescued 1,259 survivors off rooftops by Wednesday morning August 31, less than two days after landfall, and more than 1,000 the next day. In less than two weeks 12,535 flood victims were saved by helicopter. In all, the Coast Guard

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Harrison County was hit particularly hard by the hurricane and the storm surge. Its two largest coastal cities, Biloxi and Gulfport, suffered severe damage and a number of casualties. By September 2005 126 people were already confirmed dead. Smaller coastal towns were also severely damaged.

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The NHC and HPC are essential to one another, especially in that the HPC routinely executes service backup for the NHC. An example of this is when the HPC conducted a respective amount of drills for service backup in the summer months leading up to Katrina. During Hurricane Katrina's landfall, the

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as Bogalusa was only fifteen miles away from the center of the eye. Much of Bogalusa was without power for weeks. Many major roads were covered by trees and were not cleared for many days. Schools did not reopen until October. As gasoline was in short supply even for emergency workers, the parish

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By one week after the storm, residents were allowed to return to their homes to retrieve essentials, provided that they could present identification proving that they lived in the parish. They were only allowed in to retrieve essential items, and were then required to leave the parish for another

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in Biloxi. Many restaurants were destroyed and several casino barges had been washed out of the water and onto land. Residents who survived Hurricane Camille stated that Katrina was "much worse," with a storm surge reportedly reaching further inland than the previous catastrophic storm. Katrina's

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The cost amounts were decided for work continuing in 2006. Note that repairs include modern renovation, since it is not feasible to assess damage in terms of restoring federal buildings to the year they were built. However, the costs provide a condensed measure of the construction damage, without

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The names of the 49 counties in Mississippi, declared disaster areas for full Federal assistance, are: Adams, Amite, Attala, Claiborne, Choctaw, Clarke, Copiah, Covington, Franklin, Forrest, George, Greene, Hancock, Harrison, Hinds, Holmes, Humphreys, Jackson, Jasper, Jefferson, Jefferson Davis,

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Several tragic deaths were reported at St. Rita's Nursing Home in the parish, as 35 people died due to drowning. The owners of the nursing home were arrested and charged with negligent homicide for not having evacuated in advance of the storm. However, the owners were subsequently found not

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on August 26, which damaged an airport hangar and several homes. This was one of only six F2 tornadoes in the Florida Keys since 1950. Similar to the Miami area, Katrina dropped heavy rainfall in the Florida Keys, reaching 10.05 in (255 mm) in Key West. In the area, the storm left

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Months before Hurricane Katrina made landfall on New Orleans, a hurricane simulation was created to warn the city of a potential hurricane crisis and its devastating outcomes. The simulation was named Pam, in which a category 3 hurricane's strong winds and flooding caused the levee system of New

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Before Katrina moved ashore Florida, schools and businesses were closed in the Miami area. Cruise ships altered their paths due to seaports in southeastern Florida closing. Officials in Miami-Dade County advised residents in mobile homes or with special needs to evacuate. To the north in Broward

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Hurricane Katrina made its final landfall near the Louisiana/Mississippi border, with estimated sustained winds of 120 mph (195 km/h). Anemometers failed during the storm, leading to an incomplete wind observation record; the highest official wind gust was 98 mph (157 km/h),

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However, many parishes were not able to provide sufficient transportation for citizens who did not have private means of evacuation, and many private care-taking facilities who relied on the same bus companies and ambulance services for evacuation were unable to evacuate their charges. Fuel and

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The storm that became Hurricane Katrina was recognized by both the NHC and HPC on August 22. After waiting a few days to monitor development, the HPC started formulating precipitation statements for Hurricane Katrina on August 24. on August 30, the HPC accepted responsibility for the release of

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declared a disaster area for Miami-Dade and Broward counties, which allocated federal funding for debris removal and other emergency services. Three days later, Monroe County was also declared a disaster area, and on the same day the three counties were designated to receive funding for public

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reported tropical storm-force winds. A station on Key West reported sustained winds of 61 mph (98 km/h), with gusts to 74 mph (119 km/h). While the storm passed to its north, the city reported a storm surge of about 2 ft (0.61 m). After its final landfall, Katrina

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The National Weather Center's (NWS) services are provided collaboratively with several different offices that specialize in certain areas regarding the weather. Some of these offices include the National Hurricane Center (NHC) and the Hydro-meteorological Prediction Center (HPC). The NHC is a

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recorded wind gusts to 135 mph (217 km/h). The hurricane also produced 11 tornadoes in the state. While moving ashore, Katrina produced a storm surge along the coast that reached 12 mi (19 km) inland, with a high water mark of 27.8 ft (8,500 mm) recorded at

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Statewide, Katrina directly caused at least 228 fatalities, 172 of them directly, mostly due to the storm surge along the Mississippi coastline. The powerful waves eroded beaches and washed away entire coastal towns. The National Weather Service described the effects as "almost total

435:. Katrina moved ashore in southeastern Louisiana on August 29, and then made another landfall near the border of Louisiana and Mississippi. Even after making landfall, it kept its strength as a hurricane almost 150 mi (240 km) inland, before becoming a tropical storm near 274:

and closed nearby roadways. There were five tornadoes in northwestern Florida. Damage was estimated along the panhandle at $ 100 million. Throughout the state, the hurricane killed 14 people, of which 6 were directly related to the storm's effects. Due to damage from Katrina,

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In the aftermath, 48,792 housing units were damaged by floodwaters and high winds. The recovery efforts, including over 6.6 million cubic yards collected and restoration of essential services, continued for at least through 2009 following the devastation caused by Hurricane Katrina.

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right in the center of their track probabilities, and the chances of a direct hit were forecast at 17% (with strike probability rising to 29% by August 28). This scenario was considered a potential catastrophe because 80% of the New Orleans metropolitan area is below sea level along

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Katrina's 28-foot (8.5 m) storm surge, and 55-foot (17 m) sea waves, practically obliterated Waveland, Mississippi, and state officials said that it took a harder hit from the wind and water than any other town along the coast. Katrina came ashore during the high tide of

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According to officials nearly one million people were temporarily without electricity in Louisiana for several weeks. On September 1, 2005, 800,000 homes were without electricity. Numerous roadways were flooded or damaged and many evacuations conducted by boat and helicopter.

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did not order a mandatory evacuation of the city until August 28, 2005. Approximately one million people had fled the city and its surrounding suburbs by the evening of August 28, while about 100,000 people remained in the city, with about 10,000 taking shelter at the

1365:. The storm caused moderate to severe beach erosion along the gulf coast, and washed sand onto many coastal roads. Winds along the Florida panhandle peaked at 56 mph (90 km/h) in Pensacola, with gusts to 71 mph (114 km/h). High winds briefly closed the 1240:

caused by generators, one was due to a vehicle accident, one occurred during debris cleanup, and one was associated with a lack of electricity. At least five people were injured due to carbon monoxide poisoning. Overall damage totaled $ 623 million (2005 USD).

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am, raising the storm tide by 2 ft (0.61 m), to over 30 feet (9.1 m). The storm dragged away almost every structure within one-half mile (0.80 km) of the beach, leaving driveways and walkways that went to nowhere. The death toll was estimated at 50.

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and other areas of coastal Louisiana near New Orleans that had been most heavily damaged by Katrina, and the spill will likely reach other states that were also affected by the storm (the hurricane had caused or exacerbated oil spills on a smaller scale when it hit).

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Although the population of the three (3) coastal counties had been nearly 400,000, and the storm tide was 20–30 feet (6.1–9.1 m) with coastal winds 75–120 mph (121–193 km/h), fewer than 250 people died in Mississippi during Hurricane Katrina.

2414:(FEMA) sent 20 State Emergency Response Teams to determine the extent of damage. After Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, President Bush declared a disaster area for seven counties along the Florida panhandle on September 6; the counties were 1599:, for the Corps of Engineers to enhance estuarine habitats in Mississippi: following the Governor's proposal regarding oyster reef and coastal marsh restoration. The Mississippi Department of Marine Resources will assist the Corps as these projects develop. 1244:

While moving across Florida, Katrina had an asymmetric area of thunderstorms, which placed the strongest winds and rainfall over Miami-Dade County. The highest precipitation total related to hurricane in the United States was 16.43 in (417 mm) in

1253:. Of the total, 15.10 in (384 mm) fell in 24 hours. During its passage, the eye of the hurricane moved directly over the office of the National Hurricane Center, which reported a wind gust of 87 mph (140 km/h). The strongest 1135:

had warned that a direct hurricane strike on New Orleans could lead to massive flooding, which would lead to thousands of drowning deaths, as well as many more suffering from disease and dehydration, as the flood waters slowly receded from the city.

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received significant damage due to wind damage and local flooding. The Parish is home to many pine forests in which many of the pine trees snapped or were completely uprooted. The eye of Katrina could be seen from the eastern part of the parish, in

5359: 1876:, also located in Biloxi, reported extensive damage to its facilities. Gulfport authorities reported to news station CNN that up to ten feet (3.0 m) of water covered downtown streets. The Biloxi-Ocean Springs Bridge was also destroyed, and 1823:

In Bay St. Louis, Mississippi, one foot (0.30 m) of water swamped the Emergency Operations Center at the Hancock County courthouse, which sits 30 feet (9.1 m) above sea level. Katrina also destroyed the first floor and dormitories of

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As buildings collapsed, water-tight appliances floated, sending refrigerators and dishwashers to ram other buildings and block streets. Millions of homes and buildings were affected, along with ships, boats, and more than 40 offshore oil rigs.

2368:. Two schools sustained water damage. Hopkinsville also recorded a gust of 44 mph (71 km/h). The combination of the rains and winds knocked down trees and power lines, leaving about 10,000 people statewide without power. In 1976: 326:

on February 16, 2006: "The Mississippi Gulf Coast has been devastated. The extent of the devastation in Mississippi is also staggering. Since Katrina hit, more than half a million people in Mississippi have applied for assistance from

1127:, emergency management officials in New Orleans feared that the storm surge could go over the tops of levees protecting the city, causing major flooding. This risk of devastation had been known for some time; previous studies by 2400:

Disaster areas map: dark orange indicates full Individual and Public Assistance, orange for Individual and Public Assistance (Categories A and B), yellow for full Public Assistance, and green for Public Assistance (Category

2298:, a 76 miles (122 km) canal. The levees were sized to hold back up to 17.5 feet (5.3 m), of water; they held back the initial surge, but then they were breached in several areas by the 22 feet (6.7 m), surge. 1331:

about 5,000 people without power. After Katrina re-intensified into a hurricane, a station on the Dry Tortugas reported sustained winds of 82 mph (132 km/h), with gusts to 105 mph (169 km/h).

254:. The rains caused flooding, and the combination of rains and winds downed trees and power lines, leaving 1.45 million people without power. Damage in South Florida was estimated at $ 523 million (2005 4232: 410:

counties with winds of around 80 mph (130 km/h). The hurricane moved southwestward and crossed Florida in about six hours, during which its eye became better defined over the warm and shallow waters of the

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and St. Bernard High School suffered considerable damage with flooding. Chalmette High lost much of its roof, and St. Bernard High had many broken windows. There were estimates of 300-plus evacuees at both sites.

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in 1969, were leveled. Nearby Gulfshore Baptist Assembly, a camp owned and operated by the Mississippi Baptist Convention, was permanently closed, and recommendations were made to build a new facility elsewhere.

2253:. Most of Terrebonne Parish and Lafourche Parish were covered with water during the storm surge, yet Houma was spared to the extent that the Coast Guard used their airport for the initial rescue launch site. 4023:: "ROB MARCIANO, CNN Meteorologist: Responds to Anderson Cooper that the governor preferred that folks did not go out on the streets because the "streets are literally littered with kitchen appliances." 4605:"Current Housing Unit Damage Estimates, Hurricanes Katrina, Rita and Wilma", February 12, 2006, Analysis by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's Office of Policy Development and Research 2156:

instructed Louisiana National Guard officials at the Superdome to cease planning for the evacuation as Honoré would be "taking charge" of the evacuation project. The evacuees were then transported to the

3221: 2364:. Floods in the city affected 180 buildings, forcing residents to evacuate, including several people rescued from their cars. Floodwaters closed at least 40 roads, which closed all schools in 2280:. All of the East Bank of the Parish was flooded, as was the downriver portion of the West Bank. Belle Chase mostly escaped with only moderate wind damage. The Belle Chasse Tunnel was flooded as well. 1872:

wind estimates were lighter than Camille's, and the central air pressure was slightly higher, but Camille was also a much smaller storm so the greater impact of the storm surge may be due to the size.

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In the tourist town of Biloxi, widespread damage was reported as several of the city's attractions were destroyed. The lower three floors of many high-rise casino-hotels were gutted, as in the former

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recorded gusts to 104 mph (167 km/h). The hurricane also washed ashore with a significant storm surge that flooded coastal portions of southern Alabama, reaching several miles inland. The

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The heavy rainfall flooded neighborhoods in the area, damaging over 100 houses. The storm left about 1.4 million people without power in Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade counties. In

1685:, and Jackson County were inundated by the storm surge, affecting most of the populated areas. Surge covered almost the entire lower half of Hancock County, destroying the coastal communities of 1345:

reported wind gusts to 46 mph (74 km/h), although there was no damage or erosion in the area. In southwestern Florida, the storm produced a storm surge of 1.13 ft (0.34 m) in

3463: 1258: 1431:, a storm surge of 15 ft (4.6 m) moved ashore, destroying over 350 houses. Only 50 have since been rebuilt. As a result of the storm surge, an oil rig under construction along the 5290: 2453:

approved $ 5.2 million into disaster aid to over 3,000 households in Alabama. Almost 550 truckloads with of supplies also arrived in Alabama from logistical centers across the southeast.

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down for ten days. Utility services were unavailable in the parish. However, hospitals and a special needs shelter had generator power, and the hospitals were operating at full capacity.

574: 246:. While it was crossing the state, the hurricane's convection was asymmetrical, primarily located to the south and east of the center. As a result, high rainfall totals occurred in the 2491:

Both the Mississippi residents who survived the hurricanes as well as the disaster relief workers who supported them are at high risk of developing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, or

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in Pensacola. The outer rainbands of the hurricane spawned five tornadoes, all of them weak and not very damaging. Rainfall along the panhandle reached 7.80 in (198 mm) in

5337: 5332: 1377:, which caused flooding. The winds caused damage to some trees and structures and there was some minor flooding in the panhandle. There were two indirect fatalities from Katrina in 3515: 520: 1516:) could be cleared, deliverers of supplies and other emergency relief were forced to detour through highway 609 or highway 43/603, though these routes were not officially posted. 5342: 3593: 4498:

Richard D. Knabb, Jamie R. Rhome, and Daniel P. Brown, National Hurricane Center, "Tropical Cyclone Report Hurricane Katrina", 23–30 August 2005; retrieved September 11, 2009

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warnings regarding Katrina. On August 31, the hurricane system was consumed by a system near the Great Lakes of the east, so the HPC terminated their advisories for Katrina.

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as a tropical storm. Many coastal towns of Mississippi (and Louisiana) had already been obliterated, in a single night. Hurricane-force winds reached coastal Mississippi by 2

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Moving into Tennessee as a tropical storm, Katrina still had winds strong enough to knock down trees and power lines. About 100,000 people in the state lost power. In

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reporter Heath Allen and a St. Bernard resident on a government complex rooftop. Residents reported that even oil platform service boats were utilized to rescue survivors.

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a half after the Hurricane, Pass Christian had still not yet begun rebuilding its city buildings, and volunteer labor was involved in rebuilding private homes in the town.

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of the city, calling Katrina, "a storm that most of us have long feared" and also saying it was "a once-in-a-lifetime event". To speed up the evacuations, authorities used

398:. Intensification of the ridge to its north caused the hurricane to turn to the west-southwest, and as it approached the Florida coastline Katrina developed a well-defined 5240: 320:

More than one million people in Mississippi were affected, and almost 6 months later, the extent of the devastation in Mississippi was still described as "staggering" in

1713:, which borders the Back Bay of Biloxi. Biloxi, on a peninsula between the Back Bay and the coast, was particularly hard hit, especially the low-lying Point Cadet area. 5347: 3680: 2143:

to be rescued. The Superdome sustained significant damage and much of the dome's waterproof membrane had essentially been peeled off. On August 30, Louisiana governor

1562:, "This is our tsunami." Relief and rebuilding efforts initially focused on restoring power and clearing communities of debris up to eight feet (2.4 m) in depth. 2410:

assistance; this included aid to repair roads and bridges, water control facilities, public buildings, and recreation areas. The declaration was determined after the

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to Vero Beach after the storm's intensification became apparent. About 25 hours before Katrina made landfall, the tropical storm watch was extended northward to

2646:"FEMA-1604-DR Mississippi Disaster Declaration as of October 27, 2005" (map), FEMA, ITS Mapping and Analysis Center, Washington, DC, 2005-10-27, webpage: 2309:

By August 29, about 150 people were sighted on rooftops in areas that were under approximately 8–10 feet or more of water. Among those on the roofs were

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were destroyed in the storm. The state government opted to have them reconstructed as a handful of regional water systems and one large regional sewage system.

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and a 22-foot storm surge. The eye of the storm passed 27 miles east of downtown New Orleans at 8:30 AM. The primary areas that were affected were southeastern

4509: 1613: 4568: 3218: 1602:$ 75 million: for the Corps of Engineers on various coastal projects: to accelerate completion of authorized projects along the Mississippi Gulf Coast. 596:

By 4:30 a.m. CDT, on August 29, 2005, just hours before Hurricane Katrina landfall, many shelters in Mississippi were full to capacity, including many

5382: 5327: 5265: 2099: 1701:. In Harrison County, Pass Christian was completely inundated, along with a narrow strip of land to the east along the coast, which includes the cities of 1435:

was dislodged, sending it down the river where it struck the Cochrane Bridge. Another offshore oil rig washed up on the beaches of Dauphin Island. Part of

30: 1420:. Two indirect deaths were reported after a fatal car accident during the storm. Rainfall in Alabama reached 6.59 in (167 mm) at a station near 5354: 4647: 4600: 4424: 3297: 2634:

As flood waters rose, many streets became swamped and impassable. Emergency crews rescued over 100 people, from rooftops or trees, in Mississippi.

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to "replace destroyed or damaged equipment, prepare and recover naval vessels under contract; and provide for cost adjustments." Ships were damaged in

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leading north from the city. The city government also established a "refuge of last resort" for citizens who could not leave the city, at the massive

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to the Florida/Alabama border, with a tropical storm warning westward to Intracoastal City, and another tropical storm warning extending eastward to

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reported that he expected his district to remain uninhabitable for at least one week and that residents should not return to the area. Incidents of

2294:, was completely flooded via water surging into Lake Borgne. A large portion of the flooding was apparently the result of levee failures along the 1493:." Katrina destroyed thousands of buildings in the state, with insured damages reaching $ 9.8 billion statewide. High waters covered parts of 1349:. In the central portion of the state, some areas for pasture were flooded due to outer rainbands. The Florida panhandle was still recovering from 954: 4087: 3600: 1216: 1755:, the easternmost coastal city in Mississippi, was flooded from surge. Other Jackson County communities such as Porteaux Bay were destroyed, and 3473: 5285: 5233: 4034: 428: 424: 220: 216: 1175:

delivered three truckloads of water and seven truckloads of MRE's to the Superdome, "enough to supply 15,000 people for three days" said

1123:. Since the storm surge produced by the hurricane's right-front quadrant (containing the strongest winds) was more than 20 ft (6 m) near 419:

shifted the deepest convection to the south and east of the center, and Katrina briefly weakened to a tropical storm before emerging into the

5433: 5280: 5275: 3569: 3040:

A Failure of Initiative: Final Report of the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina

2480: 1132: 1109: 673: 2460:

Rebuilding of towns took years, and some areas were not restored. The bay bridges were rebuilt taller and stronger, as had been done around

2650: 1803:

Hancock County was the scene of the final landfall of the eye of Hurricane Katrina, causing total devastation in Waveland, Bay St. Louis,

632:, rather than their usual destination of New Orleans. The corresponding northbound trains would also originate in Memphis. The southbound 1187:

the onset of tropical storm winds and those in Phase III areas (including New Orleans) evacuate 30 hours before the start of such winds.

5387: 5300: 4147: 2995: 2411: 4558:

St. Tammany Parish Emergency Operations Center Parish Status Update, Thursday, September 8, 2005, 5:00 PM; Retrieved September 11, 2009

4438: 3604: 3498: 2345:. Rains in the state caused creeks and rivers to flood, while gusty winds knocked down trees, including at least two that fell houses. 1898:, which play in Biloxi, was forced to suspend operations for two years because of the aftermath of the hurricane causing damage to the 5458: 5448: 5270: 4245: 3716: 2290:, which lies to the East of New Orleans and thus was closer to the path of the storm and the more exposed to the storm surge from the 1266: 2449:

As a result of the flooding in Mobile, Alabama, a curfew from dusk to dawn was implemented. Around a week after Katrina hit Alabama,

1114:

By August 26, the possibility of unprecedented cataclysm was already being considered. Some computer models were putting the city of

5377: 5226: 4044: 3380: 2553: 1998: 1357:, the surge flooded several businesses, and in Walton County, high tides flooded several roads, including portions of U.S. Highways 4535:

St. Tammany Parish Emergency Operations Center Parish Status Update, Tuesday, August 30, 2005 9:00 AM; retrieved September 11, 2009

3038: 2249:, signs, trees, roofs and utility poles suffered the brunt of Hurricane Katrina's fury when the storm roared across Terrebonne and 1265:. The same station recorded a gust of 94 mph (151 km/h). Unofficially, wind gusts reached 97 mph (156 km/h) at 539:. On August 25, Florida's Emergency Operations Center was activated in Tallahassee to monitor the progress of the hurricane. 3356: 2337:

As part of a broader tornado outbreak, Katrina spawned 18 tornadoes in Georgia, including an F2 twister that killed a man in

5453: 3414: 2495:, a mental health disorder that can develop after exposure to an extreme situation such as warfare, a natural disaster or abuse. 215:

counties with 80 mph (130 km/h) winds on August 25. After emerging from the state, Katrina intensified into one of the

5064: 4986: 4960: 4934: 3843: 3817: 2991: 297:

a.m. CDT on August 29, 2005, the eye of Katrina began traveling up the entire state, only slowing from hurricane-force winds at

3538: 1180: 608:

Other people had swum to taller buildings or trees. Over 100 people were rescued from roof tops and trees in Mississippi.

156: 5443: 5438: 3945:"OFFICE OF ELECTRICITY DELIVERY AND ENERGY RELIABILITY (OE) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Hurricane Katrina Situation Report #11" 2560:: page 7 (storm surge 26–28 ft), p. 50: "Appendix C: Tornado Reports Associated with Hurricane Katrina" (62 tornadoes). 1980: 1532: 1455:

Figure KW10: Katrina Wind speed at 10 a.m. CDT, August 29, 2005: hurricane eye (central blue hub) a few miles to the west of

1281:. Tides reached 3 to 5 ft (0.91 to 1.52 m) in mainland Monroe County, which flooded several houses and vehicles in 524: 371: 178: 4392: 1884:

the Quiet Water Beach apartments. (A later investigation by Biloxi's WLOX could not confirm any deaths at these apartments.

1547:

counties. About 800,000 people through the state experienced power outages, which is almost a third of the population.

1451: 4273: 5364: 5260: 4064: 3494:"Louisiana Citizen Awareness and Disaster Evacuation Guide" by the Louisiana Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness 2287: 2269: 2193: 2048: 528: 5423: 4180: 3389: 2059: 2036: 1686: 1682: 1524: 1494: 1490: 979: 555: 515:, and for residents in mobile homes south of Lantana Road. Shelters were opened across the region. Officials closed the 3169:

Unlike some suburbs, many towns in Mississippi had numerous strong trees, such as old oak trees, higher than roof-tops.

2966: 2875: 1504:

Roadways and railways were put out of service by excessive amounts of debris and occasional collapse (most notably the

293:

coastline on the morning of August 29, 2005, beginning a two-day path of destruction through central Mississippi; by 10

4652:"State of the Parish" Speech, October 27, 2005, St. Tammany Parish President Kevin Davis; retrieved September 11, 2009 4615: 4546:"State of the Parish" Speech, October 27, 2005, St. Tammany Parish President Kevin Davis; retrieved September 11, 2009 3630: 3302: 2173: 2082: 2032: 1783: 1678: 1528: 1520: 1482: 1478: 656:. Amtrak announced that no alternate transportation options would be made available into or out of the affected area. 620: 516: 262:. In the island chain, Katrina caused heavy rainfall and gusty winds. The storm produced a 5.37 ft (1.64 m) 29:

This is about the effects of Hurricane Katrina in the Southeastern United States. For the impacts in New Orleans, see

3522:. Vol. 178, no. 248. Burlington, Vermont. Gannett News Service. pp. 1A, 6A – via Newspapers.com. 3219:

Service Alert: Hurricane Katrina Update - City of New Orleans, Crescent, Sunset Limited - Revised Service Information

3178:

The tree trunks, after losing small branches, were narrow compared to wide walls battered by waves, boats and debris.

1710: 3145: 2276:. There was extensive flooding the majority of the Parish, and the southern part was temporarily "reclaimed" by the 604:

Coliseum (which allowed pets), and five special-needs shelters. The shelters had filled within 24 hours of opening.

5428: 3051: 2427: 2377: 2365: 2356:

a tree fell onto a house. Heavy rainfall occurred as far north as Kentucky, reaching 7.94 in (202 mm) in

1899: 1658: 1540: 547: 188: 4575: 4513: 4371: 1969: 4336: 3282: 2808: 2538: 1868: 1728:

to comply with Mississippi land-based gambling laws, were washed hundreds of yards inland by waves. According to

1544: 1536: 1409: 1362: 1237: 1220: 546:, government offices in Mississippi had already discussed emergency evacuation plans for days. On August 26, the 464: 5167: 4439:

Growth states: Arizona overtakes Nevada: Texas adds most people overall; Louisiana population declines nearly 5%

432: 224: 83: 5418: 5413: 3897: 3085: 2614: 2423: 2419: 2016: 1825: 1808: 1794: 1473: 1366: 1358: 1338: 1310: 1286: 1172: 1171:, which housed approximately 26,000 people with food and water for two days as the storm came ashore. The 1152: 567: 375: 87: 1903: 5116: 5091: 4015:

Rob Marciano (CNN Meteorologist), Transcript of "Anderson Cooper 360 Degrees" (August 29, 2006) 19:00 ET,

3866: 3638:. 24th Conference on Weather Analysis and Forecasting. Seattle, Washington: Key West National Weather Service 3104: 1273:

was small, estimated at 2 ft (0.61 m). Consequentially, there was minor beach erosion and isolated

1215:

Across the southeastern United States, Hurricane Katrina contributed to 1,392 fatalities, making it the

5196: 4151: 2546: 1791: 1787: 1756: 1752: 1702: 1579: 1428: 1346: 532: 511:

or in mobile homes were advised to leave their homes. Evacuation orders were issued for offshore islands in

407: 208: 1408:

recorded a high tide of 11.45 ft (3.49 m), which was nearly as high as the record set during the

503:. The warning in the Florida Keys occurred only nine hours before the onset of tropical storm force winds. 4672: 4369:

The town of Pass Christian recruited volunteers to help rebuild and clean up the city through its website

3191: 3089: 3034: 2441:

brushed the region in late September with tropical storm-force winds and flooding rains. In late October,

2385: 2028: 2024: 1895: 1873: 1651: 1638: 1465: 1378: 1278: 1254: 950: 559: 440: 360: 17: 5168:"State, business leaders consider regionalization of Jackson water system. Local officials hate the idea" 2682: 2674: 1508:). Costs of debris removal in the Gulf Coast region is estimated at $ 200 million. Until major roadways ( 4556: 2381: 2302: 2201: 2152: 2126:

in region's levee system were cataloged, five of which resulted in massive flooding of New Orleans. The

1860: 1736:-Gulfport coastline. A number of streets and bridges were washed away, including the bridge sections of 1706: 1690: 1505: 1456: 1417: 508: 436: 387: 298: 4084: 5153: 4128: 3277: 2853: 2830: 2234:

were reported throughout affected areas of Louisiana, most notably in New Orleans. Louisiana governor

2085:

in the Gulf in April 2010 caused massive amounts of oil to come ashore in the wetlands and marshes in

1720:

Damage to the riverboat Palace Casino located in Biloxi, Mississippi, resulting from Hurricane Katrina

1374: 5392: 5206: 4152:"Mississippi Hurricane Katrina Surge Inundation and Advisory Base Flood Elevation Map Panel Overview" 3674: 3332: 3273: 3252: 2622: 2360:. The rains added to rains that affected the state earlier, producing flooding that killed a girl in 2349: 2197: 2012: 1768: 1631: 1342: 1148: 1140: 1039: 601: 468: 141: 4912: 4890: 4846: 4824: 4802: 4738: 4716: 4050: 3994: 3919: 3080: 2709: 2396: 2131:

undertaken, involving reinforcing the levees with 3,000 pounds (1,400 kg) sandbags deployed by

1716: 3944: 3323: 2469: 2415: 2353: 2148: 2122: 2109: 1864: 1469: 1394: 1168: 746: 484: 379: 4545: 2704:"SIX MONTHS AFTER KATRINA: AN OVERVIEW" (short summary), Office of the House Democratic Leader 4355: 4278: 4069: 2907: 2169: 2086: 2075: 2063: 1623: 1436: 1354: 1335: 1250: 1120: 1043: 1001: 785: 649: 629: 571: 444: 4478: 2932: 2669:"Information Relating to the Federal Appropriations for Katrina Recovery" (January 6, 2006), 2223:, but some lower-lying areas did receive significant water damage, especially on the East Bank. 203:, causing many deaths and billions in damages. After developing on August 23, Katrina made 2902: 2723: 2647: 5249: 4768: 4764: 4641: 4594: 4418: 4319: 4299: 4133: 4040: 3782: 3778: 3565: 3430: 3348: 2488:

to estimate the indirect deaths caused by people losing their homes or local medical support.

2320: 2284:

Public Right-of-Way Maintenance and Solid Waste departments return to the parish if possible.

2277: 2273: 2261: 2246: 2216: 2185: 2127: 2067: 1844: 1836: 1698: 1559: 1531:, although almost all counties had damage, and 47 counties were declared full disaster areas. 1381:

as a result of a traffic accident. Along the Florida panhandle, 77,000 customers lost power.

1327: 1282: 704: 642:, with the corresponding northbound trains originating in Atlanta as well. Amtrak's westbound 634: 578: 512: 479:. Later that day, the watch was upgraded to a tropical storm warning and hurricane watch from 472: 395: 352: 282: 243: 200: 38: 4868: 4020: 3694: 2521: 2479:

came to understand the massive devastation that occurred along the Gulf Coast cities. The US

1740:. In particular, the roadway portion of the U.S. Highway 90 bridge between Bay St. Louis and 3727: 3495: 3438: 3340: 2357: 2227: 2220: 2139: 2011:

Hurricane Katrina made landfall in Louisiana at 6:45 AM local time on August 29, 2005, as a

1575: 1421: 1350: 1306: 1274: 1246: 1224: 803: 653: 423:

early on August 26. After emerging from the state, Katrina intensified into one of the

356: 351:

In the preceding 2004 season, Florida was affected by four hurricanes, including hurricanes

276: 258:), mostly as a result of crop damage. Further south, the hurricane spawned a tornado in the 251: 4497: 4458: 4350: 4256: 3731: 2541:, "Service Assessment: Hurricane Katrina August 23–31, 2005" (June 2006), pp. 10/16, 1732:, a 28-foot (8.5 m) storm surge came ashore wiping out 90% of the buildings along the 378:, or thunderstorms, and it intensified into a tropical storm on August 24. A building 5310: 5210: 5200: 4294: 4091: 3502: 3384: 3225: 3198: 2654: 2557: 2550: 2442: 2369: 2235: 2144: 1851: 1737: 1413: 1389:

When Katrina moved ashore, it produced hurricane-force winds across southwestern Alabama.

1012: 867: 757: 563: 488: 343: 116: 46: 4534: 3377: 2516:

Gary Tuchman, Transcript of "Anderson Cooper 361 Degrees" (August 29, 2006) 19:00 ET,

2268:

Hurricane Katrina made a direct landfall in the "lower" (southern/down river) portion of

4211: 3336: 3055: 2801: 2573: 1751:, with the combined surge and freshwater floods cutting the county in half. Over 90% of 3468: 3408: 3047: 2610: 2606: 2484: 2465: 2438: 2431: 2406: 2373: 2342: 2291: 2161: 2104: 1741: 1571: 1440: 1405: 1390: 1318: 644: 420: 51:

Katrina at its final landfall near the border of Louisiana and Mississippi on August 29

5039: 3344: 2388:

counties disaster areas due to flooding, and declared a statewide state of emergency.

1918: 1203: 593:. Officials also issued mandatory evacuations for portions of the Florida panhandle. 5407: 5068: 5013: 4990: 4964: 4938: 4789: 4399: 4115: 3803: 2999: 2602: 2135: 1760: 1694: 1551: 1164: 1160: 1156: 399: 394:

on August 25, Katrina attained hurricane status, based on observations from the

271: 239: 192: 152: 112: 3516:"Evacuation plan failed to consider those without transportation / PLAN: No way out" 1139:

At a news conference 10:00 AM on August 28, shortly after Katrina was upgraded to a

2705: 2598: 2361: 2147:

ordered the complete evacuation of the remaining people that sought shelter in the

1432: 1370: 1323: 1290: 1262: 927: 819: 815: 723: 500: 496: 492: 480: 455: 259: 4314:

Perkins, William H. Jr (November 9, 2006), "Messengers approve record CP budget",

2329:

banned gas sales to the public for several days, arousing the ire of many locals.

1843:

Much of Long Beach and most of Pass Christian, which bore the brunt of Category 5

4510:"FEMA: Hurricane Katrina Surge Inundation and Advisory Base Flood Elevation Maps" 2164:. The only route out of the city was west on the Crescent City Connection as the 1605:$ 1.1 billion: to repair vital federal facilities in Mississippi, including: 1078:

Cameron to Pearl River, Louisiana, and Florida-Alabama border to Destin, Florida

331:. In a state of just 2.9 million residents, that means more than one in six 3892: 2594: 2590: 2476: 2189: 2040: 1958: 1832: 1804: 1270: 1208: 1115: 831: 789: 586: 383: 332: 290: 286: 263: 232: 168: 164: 3403: 2405:

On August 28, or about three days after Katrina struck Florida, President

402:. At 2230 UTC on August 25, Katrina made landfall near the border of 4989:(Report). Federal Emergency Management Agency. August 28, 2005. Archived from 4963:(Report). Federal Emergency Management Agency. August 31, 2005. Archived from 4937:(Report). Federal Emergency Management Agency. August 28, 2005. Archived from 3418: 1831:

The destruction brought forth by Katrina also caused about one-quarter of the

1764: 1401: 708: 476: 416: 412: 403: 212: 108: 5067:(Report). Federal Emergency Management Agency. April 16, 2006. Archived from 4961:

FEMA Expands Public Assistance For South Florida Counties Affected By Katrina

4323: 4190: 1554:

called the scene indescribable, saying "I can only imagine that this is what

886:

Florida Keys including Florida Bay and Florida City to Longboat Key, Florida

558:

to the Florida/Alabama border. This was modified to a hurricane warning from

5038:

Richard Pasch; Eric Blake; Hugh Cobb III; David Roberts (January 12, 2006).

4483: 3975:(Report). New Orleans, Louisiana National Weather Service. February 17, 2006 3109: 2879: 2461: 2338: 2250: 2157: 2132: 2117: 2044: 2020: 1779: 1772: 1744:

was completely destroyed by the storm; only the support structure was left.

1668:

counting the millions of lost roof tiles, thousands of broken windows, etc.

1555: 1295: 1144: 958: 597: 582: 536: 322: 306: 267: 228: 196: 160: 4622: 3352: 1550:

Surveying the damage the day after Katrina's passing, Mississippi governor

1301: 3972: 3146:

Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena with Late Reports and Corrections

2256: 2151:. Blanco instructed the Adjutant General of the Louisiana National Guard, 2078:, the population of the state of Louisiana declined by 219,563, or 4.87%. 1257:

in Florida was a report of 72 mph (116 km/h) on the roof of the

3658: 3434: 2325: 939: 204: 4695: 4227:"2005 NOAA Tide Predictions: Waveland" (2005), tide on August 29, 2005, 1558:

looked like 60 years ago." The mayor of Biloxi, A.J. Holloway, told the

4375: 3632:

A Climatology of Tropical Cyclone-Induced Tornadoes in the Florida Keys

2231: 2062:

were dispatched to the area as part of the disaster relief effort. The

1983: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1748: 1176: 983: 712: 639: 625: 590: 543: 367: 314: 3752: 2074:

By July 1, 2006, when new population estimates were calculated by the

894:

Florida City to Longboat Key and all the Florida Keys and Florida Bay

542:

Also on August 25, when Hurricane Katrina crossed the southern tip of

3230: 3203: 2618: 1811:. The bridge between Bay St. Louis and Pass Christian was destroyed. 1733: 1627: 1124: 615: 347:

Satellite image of Hurricane Katrina approaching Florida on August 25

5218: 487:, and a tropical storm warning and a hurricane watch was issued for 2673:, Mississippi, webpage: "Mississippi Governor Haley Barbour" 1647:$ 82.8 million for new Navy housing in the Gulfport/Stennis region. 1393:

recorded sustained winds of 74 mph (119 km/h), while the

463:

About nine hours after the system developed on August 24, the

459:

The forecast for the estimated landfall of Hurricane Katrina, 2005.

366:

Hurricane Katrina developed as Tropical Depression Twelve over the

4110:

FOX News reporters, "'This Is Our Tsunami'" (August 30, 2005),

3151:(Report). Vol. 47. National Climatic Data Center. August 2005 2878:. Television New Zealand. Reuters. August 26, 2005. Archived from 2395: 2255: 2103: 1877: 1850: 1729: 1725: 1715: 1513: 1509: 1300: 1202: 618:, America's rail passenger carrier, announced that the southbound 581:. OMandatory evacuations were issued for large areas of southeast 454: 342: 247: 4987:

Public Assistance Expanded To Include Eight More Florida Counties

4788:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

3802:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

2434:

in southwestern Florida was added to the list of disaster areas.

2015:

with sustained winds of 127 miles per hour (204 km/h), near

5193: 5121: 4185: 2542: 2492: 2450: 2310: 2165: 1892: 1587: 1574:, for Navy Shipbuilding and Conversion; these funds will assist 1128: 328: 235:

and weakened as it moved inland, dissipating on August 31.

5222: 4255:. Associated Press. August 31, 2005. p. 4A. Archived from 1207:

Total rainfall from Katrina in the United States. Data for the

4667: 4463: 4443: 3995:"Hancock County, Mississippi Hurricane (Typhoon) Event Report" 2800:

Richard Knabb; Jamie Rhome; Daniel Brown (December 20, 2005).

2108:

An aerial view of the flooding near downtown New Orleans. The

1952: 1913: 1619:$ 45 million for the Armed Forces Retirement Home in Gulfport. 1481:. Rainfall in the state reached 9.84 in (250 mm) in 1294:

produced a storm surge of about 5.37 ft (1.64 m) in

391: 255: 5117:"The Disaster Center's Tropical Storm-Hurricane Katrina Page" 4765:"Tropical Cyclone Rainfall in the Southeastern United States" 4663:"Nursing Home Owners Found 'Not Guilty' in Deaths : NPR" 2066:

also announced that four amphibious ships would be sent from

1277:. Katrina weakened into a tropical storm while moving across 1000:

Morgan City, Louisiana, to Florida-Alabama border, including

5194:

Healing Katrina: Volunteering in Post-Hurricane Mississippi.

5156:: contains lists of disaster area counties in each state. 5148:"Hurricane Katrina Disaster Area" (description, lists), 5012:

Richard Knabb; Daniel Brown; Jamie Rhome (March 17, 2006).

1259:

Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science

535:

counties, schools were closed, and a shelter was opened in

374:. As it moved slowly northwestward, it developed organized 5065:$ 1 Billion In Public Assistance For Florida 2005 Recovery 4351:"Hurricane Katrina Slams Into Gulf Coast; Dozens Are Dead" 3844:"Alabama coastal residents remember the impact of Katrina" 3818:"Alabama coastal residents remember the impact of Katrina" 3695:

Photograph by Marvin Nauman taken on 08/31/2005 in Florida

2967:"Hurricane Moves Over Gulf After Soaking Southern Florida" 1592:

which provide subsidized loans and housing repair funding.

5203: 4739:"Bartow County, Georgia Hurricane (Typhoon) Event Report" 3514:

Rulon, Malia; Scott, Katherine Hutt (September 5, 2005).

3020:

Mississippi Emergency Management Agency (MEMA), website:

2352:, the winds destroyed a porch and some windows, while in 1709:; the flooding was more extensive in communities such as 878:

Deerfield Beach to Jupiter, Florida, and Lake Okeechobee

773:

Florida City to Vero Beach, Florida, and Lake Okeechobee

628:, from August 29 through September 3, would terminate in 390:, the storm continued strengthening. At around 2100 4036:

Hurricane Katrina: Performance of Transportation Systems

3751:

Merlin, Jeffery; Ball, Ray; Beeler, Gary (August 2005).

2903:"Tropical Storm Becomes a Hurricane as it Nears Florida" 1747:

In Jackson County, storm surge flowed up the wide river

1489:

destruction... along the immediate coast in Hancock and

554:

The NHC issued a hurricane watch on August 27 from

4825:"Macon County, North Carolina Strong Wind Event Report" 4696:"Katrina Spawns Tornadoes in Georgia - August 29, 2005" 3021: 2372:, 32 roads were blocked by fallen trees. Governor 2081:

Just as matters were beginning to improve in 2010, the

1929: 1424:. Katrina also spawned 16 tornadoes in the state. 676:

associated with Hurricane Katrina in the United States

638:

from New York City, for the same period, terminated in

4349:

Treaster, Joseph B.; Zernike, Kate (August 30, 2005).

3192:

Waveland practically wiped off map by force of Katrina

2437:

In the two months after Katrina struck south Florida,

3661:(Report). Melbourne, Florida National Weather Service 1612:$ 292.5 million for the repair and renovation of the 3404:

Washing Away: Special Report from The Times-Picayune

2965:

Joseph B. Treaster; Shadi Rahimi (August 26, 2005).

2933:"Reeling from hurricane, Florida braces for 2nd hit" 4913:"Hopkins County, Kentucky Strong Wind Event Report" 4847:"Tipton County, Tennessee Strong Wind Event Report" 1880:had heavy debris and severe damage to the roadbed. 1519:The three counties most affected by the storm were 1097:Source - Hurricane Katrina tropical cyclone report 148: 136: 128: 123: 102: 94: 71: 63: 56: 4803:"Yancey County, North Carolina Flood Event Report" 4448:December 22, 2006. Retrieved on December 22, 2006. 3755:(Report). Mobile, Alabama National Weather Service 3298:Hurricane Katrina Pulls Its Punches in New Orleans 3105:New Orleans flees as Katrina approaches Gulf Coast 2992:Officials Urge Preparedness As Katrina Intensifies 1075:Tropical Storm and Hurricane Warning discontinued 1070:Pearl River, Louisiana, to Florida-Alabama border 3659:Post Tropical Cyclone Report... Hurricane Katrina 3566:"Hurricane Katrina - August 24-September 1, 2005" 2512: 2510: 2508: 575:issued a bulletin predicting "devastating" damage 521:Fort Lauderdale – Hollywood International Airport 382:turned Katrina to the west, bringing it over the 370:on August 23, partially from the remains of 4339:about third-floor damage to high-rise buildings. 3278:Hurricane Katrina Probabilities Report Number 21 3274:Hurricane Katrina Probabilities Report Number 15 2593:, towns near the eye-path at night included: 1677:history of the United States; large portions of 1570:$ 1.987 billion: as requested by President 443:, and later got absorbed by a cold front in the 250:area, peaking at 16.43 in (417 mm) in 4891:"Christian County, Kentucky Flood Event Report" 3186: 3184: 5144: 5142: 5140: 4717:"Carroll County, Georgia Tornado Event Report" 4318:, vol. 130, no. 44, pp. 1, 5., 3973:Hurricane Katrina Post-Tropical Cyclone Report 3779:"Tropical Cyclone Rainfall for the Gulf Coast" 3657:Spratt, Turner, and Cannon (August 30, 2005). 2722:Lixion Avila; et al. (December 1, 2004). 2188:made its final landfall near the mouth of the 439:. It weakened into a tropical depression near 5234: 4935:President Declares Major Disaster For Florida 4106: 4104: 3772: 3770: 3730:. August 31, 2005. p. 4A. Archived from 3697:(Report). Federal Emergency Management Agency 3603:. August 30, 2005. p. 17. Archived from 2724:Monthly Tropical Weather Summary... Corrected 2071:made 33,544 rescues by helicopter and boats. 8: 4479:New Orleans outlook bleak; 100 dead in Miss. 3867:"Storm surge wipes out much of the causeway" 3679:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2238:ordered all roadways into the state closed. 2192:. The western eye wall passed directly over 1697:, and flowed up the Jourdan River, flooding 1644:$ 45 million for the Keesler Medical Center. 1416:, closing several businesses as well as the 1019:Intracoastal City to Morgan City, Louisiana 37: 4869:"Tropical Cyclone Rainfall for the Midwest" 4387: 4385: 3891:NWS Birmingham, Alabama (August 29, 2005). 2272:, the eye passed directly over the town of 2219:levee did not cause severe flooding within 2100:Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans 1807:, and Clermont Harbor, as well as southern 1159:leading west of New Orleans, as well as on 754:Tropical Storm Warning and Hurricane Watch 731:Tropical Storm Warning and Hurricane Watch 499:, and northward along the western coast to 313:a.m. and lasted over 17 hours, spawning 11 199:and areas inland, was severely affected by 31:Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans 5241: 5227: 5219: 5092:"Hurricanes that Alabama may never forget" 4295:"126 dead; gas, hot meals in short supply" 4212:Tropical Cyclone Report, Hurricane Katrina 4065:Power to be restored - but not all at once 3950:. US Department of Energy. August 30, 2005 2642: 2640: 2574:Tropical Cyclone Report, Hurricane Katrina 2483:developed plans to rebuild the protective 2176:was also carrying emergency traffic only. 2168:(twin span) bridge traveling east towards 1027:Florida-Alabama border to Destin, Florida 670: 45: 36: 18:Effect of Hurricane Katrina on Mississippi 4773:. United States Weather Prediction Center 3967: 3965: 3787:. United States Weather Prediction Center 3539:"Were the Katrina Warning Signs Ignored?" 2960: 2958: 2956: 2954: 2927: 2925: 2802:Hurricane Katrina Tropical Cyclone Report 2665: 2663: 2613:; in Louisiana, the towns included 1999:Learn how and when to remove this message 1855:Damage to the Biloxi-Ocean Springs bridge 1535:(MEMA) officials also recorded deaths in 652:, rather than its normal origin point of 4758: 4756: 4459:New Orleans braces for monster hurricane 4174: 4172: 3140: 2568: 2566: 2534: 2532: 2530: 1450: 5040:Hurricane Wilma Tropical Cyclone Report 4181:"Rumor Sometimes Becomes National News" 3601:United States Department of Agriculture 3588: 3586: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3124: 3122: 3120: 2939:. Agence France-Presse. August 27, 2005 2831:Tropical Storm Katrina Discussion Eight 2795: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2783: 2781: 2779: 2777: 2775: 2773: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2765: 2763: 2761: 2504: 2475:Celebrities who had previously visited 2184:On August 29, 2005, at 14:45 UTC, 1724:Several casinos, which were floated on 1657:$ 48.9 million for Navy housing at the 1533:Mississippi Emergency Management Agency 270:along the panhandle. High waves caused 5014:Hurricane Rita Tropical Cyclone Report 4646:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4639: 4599:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4592: 4423:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4416: 3746: 3744: 3672: 3253:"Hurricane Katrina August 23-31, 2005" 2759: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2749: 2747: 2745: 2743: 2741: 1334:Light rains and winds spread into the 1183:'s office for emergency preparedness. 913:Florida City to Longboat Key, Florida 279:were declared federal disaster areas. 4293:Korosec, Thomas (September 1, 2005). 4033:Reginald DesRoches, PhD, ed. (2012). 3893:"Hurricane Katrina - August 29, 2005" 3570:Hydrometeorological Prediction Center 3533: 3531: 3529: 3458: 3456: 3247: 3245: 3243: 3241: 2296:Mississippi River – Gulf Outlet Canal 1412:. The floodwaters inundated downtown 1249:, or about halfway between Miami and 1110:Hurricane preparedness in New Orleans 968:Tropical Storm Warnings discontinued 856:Jupiter Inlet to Vero Beach, Florida 674:tropical cyclone warnings and watches 227:. It moved ashore near the border of 7: 5166:Pender, Geoff (September 15, 2022). 4694:Robby Westbrook (December 1, 2005). 4129:Small town in eye of storm wiped out 3842:Hendricks, Mario (August 30, 2010). 3816:Hendricks, Mario (August 30, 2010). 2876:"Hurricane Katrina drenches Florida" 1981:adding citations to reliable sources 1585:(unknown): as increased funding for 1089:Tropical Storm Warning discontinued 910:Tropical Storm Warning discontinued 853:Tropical Storm Warning discontinued 734:Florida City to Vero Beach, Florida 5045:(Report). National Hurricane Center 5019:(Report). National Hurricane Center 4148:Federal Emergency Management Agency 2996:Federal Emergency Management Agency 2856:(Report). National Hurricane Center 2833:(Report). National Hurricane Center 2726:(Report). National Hurricane Center 2412:Federal Emergency Management Agency 2215:The breach on the east side of the 2153:Major General Bennett C. Landreneau 1661:and at the Seabee base in Gulfport. 238:In Florida, the storm affected the 5323:Southeastern United States effects 4274:"Miss. unemployment dips slightly" 1267:Homestead General Aviation Airport 902:Tropical Storm Watch discontinued 848:Vero Beach to Titusville, Florida 845:Tropical Storm Watch discontinued 25: 5204:Asogomi Publishing International. 3472:. August 28, 2005. Archived from 3345:10.1038/scientificamerican1001-76 2998:. August 25, 2005. Archived from 2854:Hurricane Katrina Discussion Nine 2852:Stacy Stewart (August 25, 2005). 2829:Stacy Stewart (August 25, 2005). 2708:, February 28, 2006, file: 2597:, Lakeshore, Clermont Harbor, 386:. With warm waters and favorable 5309: 5291:Criticism of government response 4783: 3920:"Alabama power outage statewide" 3865:Daker, Susan (August 31, 2005). 3797: 3594:Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 3564:David M. Roth (April 30, 2008). 3317:Fischetti, Mark (October 2001), 3054:. pp. 60–61. Archived from 2901:Shadi Rahimi (August 25, 2005). 2545:’s National Weather Service, 1957: 1917: 1782:that were under construction at 531:due to the storm. In Monroe and 415:. During its passage, northerly 4915:. National Climatic Data Center 4893:. National Climatic Data Center 4849:. National Climatic Data Center 4827:. National Climatic Data Center 4805:. National Climatic Data Center 4741:. National Climatic Data Center 4719:. National Climatic Data Center 3997:. National Climatic Data Center 3753:Hurricane Katrina - August 2005 3431:"Katrina Heads for New Orleans" 1968:needs additional citations for 1650:$ 324.8 million for housing at 1637:$ 43.4 million to help rebuild 1269:. The hurricane's accompanying 1219:in the United States since the 1181:Department of Homeland Security 1056:Hurricane Watches discontinued 875:Hurricane Warning discontinued 363:and caused billions in damage. 157:Gulf Coast of the United States 5090:Morgan, Leigh (May 18, 2019). 4763:Roth, David M (May 12, 2022). 3777:Roth, David M (May 12, 2022). 1353:when Katrina moved ashore. In 525:Key West International Airport 507:County, residents east of the 179:2005 Atlantic hurricane season 1: 3464:"26,000 Shelter at Superdome" 2301:The Parish's two shelters at 2288:St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana 2270:Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana 2194:St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana 1835:to lose their jobs, with the 1790:were damaged, as well as the 1179:Jay Mayeaux, director of the 529:Florida Keys Marathon Airport 425:strongest Atlantic hurricanes 217:strongest Atlantic hurricanes 5434:Effects of Hurricane Katrina 5174:. Nonprofit Mississippi News 3390:National Geographic Magazine 1597:wildlife habitat restoration 980:Intracoastal City, Louisiana 556:Intracoastal City, Louisiana 98:125 mph (205 km/h) 4871:. Weather Prediction Center 4214:. (post-analysis), page 9, 4039:. Reston, VA: ASCE, TCLEE. 2653:September 23, 2005, at the 2430:, and Walton. In addition, 2174:Lake Pontchartrain Causeway 2083:Deepwater Horizon oil spill 1902:. The team resumed play in 1839:reaching as high as 24.3%. 1784:Litton-Ingalls Shipbuilding 1566:cost to resume operations: 1472:. An unofficial station in 1042:, and Intracoastal City to 517:Miami International Airport 5475: 5152:, 2005-12-08, webpage: 4216:National Hurricane Center. 4085:What Hiroshima Looked Like 3629:Kennard B. Kasper (2011). 3052:Government Printing Office 2578:National Hurricane Center. 2097: 1900:Mississippi Coast Coliseum 1659:Naval Air Station Meridian 1630:base in Gulfport, and the 1107: 1011:Florida-Alabama border to 577:rivaling the intensity of 548:Mississippi National Guard 189:Southeastern United States 73:Category 3 major hurricane 28: 5459:Tropical cyclones in 2005 5449:Hurricanes in Mississippi 5373: 5318: 5307: 5256: 4770:Tropical Cyclone Rainfall 3784:Tropical Cyclone Rainfall 3520:The Burlington Free Press 3283:National Hurricane Center 2809:National Hurricane Center 2539:US Department of Commerce 1867:(IP Hotel and Casino) or 1759:was hard hit, along with 1410:1916 Gulf Coast hurricane 1238:carbon monoxide poisoning 1221:1928 Okeechobee hurricane 1143:storm, New Orleans mayor 1096: 1063: 1049: 1007: 993: 990: 964: 934: 930:to Longboat Key, Florida 923: 917: 898: 882: 870:to Florida City, Florida 860: 841: 838: 795: 763: 738: 718: 700: 694: 689: 686: 683: 680: 465:National Hurricane Center 174: 78: 44: 5276:New Orleans preparations 5209:October 6, 2017, at the 4218:revised August 10, 2006. 3599:(Report). Vol. 92. 3086:National Weather Service 2580:revised August 10, 2006. 2023:, including the city of 2017:Buras-Triumph, Louisiana 1826:Saint Stanislaus College 1622:$ 277.2 million for the 1339:National Weather Service 1287:Everglades National Park 1173:Louisiana National Guard 1153:contraflow lane reversal 568:National Weather Service 242:of the state and in the 140:$ 32 billion (2005 5454:Hurricanes in Louisiana 2481:Army Corps of Engineers 2464:in the years following 1792:amphibious assault ship 1147:ordered the first ever 1133:Army Corps of Engineers 1067:Tropical Storm Warning 1035:Tropical Storm Warning 1008:Tropical Storm Warning 924:Tropical Storm Warning 883:Tropical Storm Warning 864:Tropical Storm Warning 811:Tropical Storm Warning 372:Tropical Depression Ten 5383:International response 5360:Infrastructural repair 5266:Meteorological history 4114:, FOXNews.com web: 4063:Gates, Jimmie E. " 3501:July 14, 2006, at the 3417:November 12, 2005, at 3319:"Drowning New Orleans" 3090:New Orleans, Louisiana 3081:Urgent Weather Message 3035:United States Congress 2671:Office of the Governor 2576:." (post-analysis) 2556:July 23, 2006, at the 2402: 2265: 2113: 2025:New Orleans, Louisiana 1926:This section is empty. 1896:Mississippi Sea Wolves 1874:Keesler Air Force Base 1856: 1721: 1652:Keesler Air Force Base 1639:Keesler Air Force Base 1595:$ 75 million: in 1466:Keesler Air Force Base 1460: 1314: 1212: 1211:area are not available 624:passenger trains from 560:Morgan City, Louisiana 460: 441:Clarksville, Tennessee 348: 58:Meteorological history 5444:Hurricanes in Alabama 5439:Hurricanes in Florida 5199:May 16, 2008, at the 4378:on September 9, 2009. 4246:"Katrina at a Glance" 4127:Korosec, Thomas, " 3717:"Katrina at a Glance" 3037:(February 19, 2006). 2685:on September 28, 2007 2399: 2303:Chalmette High School 2259: 2107: 2058:Approximately 46,000 1854: 1719: 1506:I-10 Twin Span Bridge 1457:Waveland, Mississippi 1454: 1418:George Wallace Tunnel 1322:rainbands spawned an 1304: 1206: 827:Tropical Storm Watch 788:, Florida, including 781:Tropical Storm Watch 742:Tropical Storm Watch 722:Seven Mile Bridge to 701:Tropical Storm Watch 509:Intracoastal Waterway 458: 437:Meridian, Mississippi 346: 4282:. November 24, 2005. 3476:on November 12, 2005 2882:on December 21, 2013 2623:Chalmette, Louisiana 2198:Category 3 hurricane 2013:Category 3 hurricane 1977:improve this article 1863:of Gulfport, or the 1632:Stennis Space Center 1626:to help rebuild the 1367:Interstate 10 bridge 1343:Kennedy Space Center 1217:deadliest hurricanes 1149:mandatory evacuation 1040:Indian Pass, Florida 818:and Florida City to 566:. On August 28, the 469:tropical storm watch 433:Saffir–Simpson scale 225:Saffir–Simpson scale 103:Lowest pressure 5424:2005 in Mississippi 5338:New Orleans Hornets 5333:Louisiana Superdome 5125:. September 8, 2005 4262:on October 1, 2008. 4193:on December 1, 2006 3737:on October 1, 2008. 3378:Gone with the Water 3359:on November 1, 2005 3337:2001SciAm.285d..76F 3324:Scientific American 3303:National Geographic 2172:had collapsed. The 2123:Louisiana Superdome 1616:hospital in Biloxi. 1169:Louisiana Superdome 677: 621:City of New Orleans 585:as well as coastal 207:near the border of 41: 5343:New Orleans Saints 4405:on August 27, 2009 4372:"Rebuild the Pass" 4356:The New York Times 4316:The Baptist Record 4279:The Clarion-Ledger 4137:, August 31, 2005. 4090:2005-09-07 at the 4070:The Clarion-Ledger 4019:, CNN.com web: 3413:June 23–27, 2002. 3383:2006-06-03 at the 3235:September 1, 2005. 3224:2008-09-22 at the 3197:2006-05-04 at the 2971:The New York Times 2937:The New York Times 2908:The New York Times 2422:, Franklin, Gulf, 2403: 2266: 2170:Slidell, Louisiana 2114: 2087:Plaquemines Parish 2076:U.S. Census Bureau 2064:United States Navy 2027:, the parishes of 1857: 1722: 1624:United States Navy 1461: 1437:Battleship Parkway 1315: 1313:on August 31, 2005 1213: 1121:Lake Pontchartrain 1044:Cameron, Louisiana 1002:Lake Pontchartrain 997:Hurricane Warning 799:Hurricane Warning 770:Hurricane Warning 671: 650:San Antonio, Texas 630:Memphis, Tennessee 572:Slidell, Louisiana 461: 445:Great Lakes region 349: 335:have sought help. 305:p.m. and entering 95:Highest winds 80:1-minute sustained 67:August 25–31, 2005 5429:2005 in Louisiana 5401: 5400: 5348:Tulane University 5286:Political effects 5250:Hurricane Katrina 5172:Mississippi Today 4675:on March 15, 2016 4300:Houston Chronicle 4179:Phillips, Steve. 4150:(November 2005). 4134:Houston Chronicle 4098:February 9, 2006. 4053:on March 3, 2014. 4021:CNN-ACooper082906 3545:. August 26, 2010 3441:. August 29, 2005 3376:Bourne, Joel K. " 3061:on March 26, 2009 2710:HouseGov-Katrina6 2522:CNN-ACooper082906 2321:Washington Parish 2278:Mississippi River 2274:Empire, Louisiana 2262:Venice, Louisiana 2247:Terrebonne Parish 2217:17th Street Canal 2186:Hurricane Katrina 2180:Rest of Louisiana 2128:17th Street Canal 2068:Norfolk, Virginia 2047:(Thibodaux), and 2009: 2008: 2001: 1946: 1945: 1845:Hurricane Camille 1837:unemployment rate 1560:Biloxi Sun Herald 1101: 1100: 814:Jupiter Inlet to 705:Seven Mile Bridge 579:Hurricane Camille 513:Palm Beach County 473:Seven Mile Bridge 396:Hurricane Hunters 283:Hurricane Katrina 201:Hurricane Katrina 191:, extending from 185: 184: 39:Hurricane Katrina 16:(Redirected from 5466: 5313: 5281:Economic effects 5271:Tornado outbreak 5243: 5236: 5229: 5220: 5213: 5190: 5184: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5163: 5157: 5146: 5135: 5134: 5132: 5130: 5113: 5107: 5106: 5104: 5102: 5087: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5076: 5061: 5055: 5054: 5052: 5050: 5044: 5035: 5029: 5028: 5026: 5024: 5018: 5009: 5003: 5002: 5000: 4998: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4974: 4972: 4957: 4951: 4950: 4948: 4946: 4931: 4925: 4924: 4922: 4920: 4909: 4903: 4902: 4900: 4898: 4887: 4881: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4865: 4859: 4858: 4856: 4854: 4843: 4837: 4836: 4834: 4832: 4821: 4815: 4814: 4812: 4810: 4799: 4793: 4787: 4786: 4782: 4780: 4778: 4760: 4751: 4750: 4748: 4746: 4735: 4729: 4728: 4726: 4724: 4713: 4707: 4706: 4704: 4702: 4691: 4685: 4684: 4682: 4680: 4671:. 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Archived from 4030: 4024: 4013: 4007: 4006: 4004: 4002: 3991: 3985: 3984: 3982: 3980: 3969: 3960: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3949: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3916: 3910: 3909: 3907: 3905: 3888: 3882: 3881: 3879: 3877: 3862: 3856: 3855: 3853: 3851: 3839: 3833: 3832: 3830: 3828: 3813: 3807: 3801: 3800: 3796: 3794: 3792: 3774: 3765: 3764: 3762: 3760: 3748: 3739: 3738: 3736: 3728:Associated Press 3721: 3713: 3707: 3706: 3704: 3702: 3691: 3685: 3684: 3678: 3670: 3668: 3666: 3654: 3648: 3647: 3645: 3643: 3637: 3626: 3620: 3619: 3617: 3615: 3610:on June 18, 2012 3609: 3598: 3590: 3581: 3580: 3578: 3576: 3561: 3555: 3554: 3552: 3550: 3535: 3524: 3523: 3511: 3505: 3492: 3486: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3460: 3451: 3450: 3448: 3446: 3439:Associated Press 3427: 3421: 3401: 3395: 3374: 3368: 3367: 3366: 3364: 3355:, archived from 3314: 3308: 3307:August 29, 2005. 3294: 3288: 3287:August 26, 2005. 3270: 3264: 3263: 3257: 3249: 3236: 3215: 3209: 3208:August 31, 2005. 3190:Burdeau, Cain. " 3188: 3179: 3176: 3170: 3167: 3161: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3150: 3142: 3115: 3114:August 28, 2005. 3101: 3095: 3094:August 28, 2005. 3077: 3071: 3070: 3068: 3066: 3060: 3045: 3031: 3025: 3018: 3012: 3011: 3009: 3007: 2988: 2982: 2981: 2979: 2977: 2962: 2949: 2948: 2946: 2944: 2929: 2920: 2919: 2917: 2915: 2898: 2892: 2891: 2889: 2887: 2872: 2866: 2865: 2863: 2861: 2849: 2843: 2842: 2840: 2838: 2826: 2820: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2806: 2797: 2736: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2719: 2713: 2702: 2696: 2694: 2692: 2690: 2681:. Archived from 2667: 2658: 2644: 2635: 2632: 2626: 2587: 2581: 2570: 2561: 2536: 2525: 2520:, CNN.com, web: 2514: 2366:Christian County 2228:Jefferson Parish 2221:Jefferson Parish 2004: 1997: 1993: 1990: 1984: 1961: 1953: 1941: 1938: 1928:You can help by 1921: 1914: 1818: 1672:Coastal counties 1590:housing programs 1576:Northrop Grumman 1351:Hurricane Dennis 1311:Escambia Country 1275:coastal flooding 1225:Hurricane Harvey 1024:Hurricane Watch 976:Hurricane Watch 947:Hurricane Watch 938:Dry Tortugas to 830:Longboat Key to 802:Florida City to 784:Florida City to 678: 654:Orlando, Florida 312: 304: 296: 277:Florida counties 240:southern portion 119: 74: 59: 49: 42: 21: 5474: 5473: 5469: 5468: 5467: 5465: 5464: 5463: 5419:2005 in Alabama 5414:2005 in Florida 5404: 5403: 5402: 5397: 5378:Disaster relief 5369: 5314: 5305: 5296:USACE criticism 5252: 5247: 5217: 5216: 5211:Wayback Machine 5201:Wayback Machine 5191: 5187: 5177: 5175: 5165: 5164: 5160: 5147: 5138: 5128: 5126: 5115: 5114: 5110: 5100: 5098: 5089: 5088: 5084: 5074: 5072: 5071:on June 1, 2012 5063: 5062: 5058: 5048: 5046: 5042: 5037: 5036: 5032: 5022: 5020: 5016: 5011: 5010: 5006: 4996: 4994: 4993:on June 6, 2010 4985: 4984: 4980: 4970: 4968: 4967:on June 8, 2010 4959: 4958: 4954: 4944: 4942: 4941:on June 6, 2010 4933: 4932: 4928: 4918: 4916: 4911: 4910: 4906: 4896: 4894: 4889: 4888: 4884: 4874: 4872: 4867: 4866: 4862: 4852: 4850: 4845: 4844: 4840: 4830: 4828: 4823: 4822: 4818: 4808: 4806: 4801: 4800: 4796: 4784: 4776: 4774: 4762: 4761: 4754: 4744: 4742: 4737: 4736: 4732: 4722: 4720: 4715: 4714: 4710: 4700: 4698: 4693: 4692: 4688: 4678: 4676: 4661: 4660: 4656: 4638: 4631: 4629: 4625: 4618: 4616:"Archived copy" 4614: 4613: 4609: 4591: 4584: 4582: 4578: 4571: 4569:"Archived copy" 4567: 4566: 4562: 4555: 4551: 4544: 4540: 4533: 4529: 4519: 4517: 4508: 4507: 4503: 4496: 4492: 4477:Rourke, Matt. " 4476: 4472: 4457:Staff Writer. " 4456: 4452: 4436: 4432: 4415: 4408: 4406: 4402: 4395: 4393:"Archived copy" 4391: 4390: 4383: 4370: 4368: 4364: 4348: 4347: 4343: 4334: 4330: 4313: 4312: 4308: 4292: 4291: 4287: 4272: 4271: 4267: 4259: 4253:Mobile Register 4248: 4244: 4243: 4239: 4226: 4222: 4210: 4206: 4196: 4194: 4178: 4177: 4170: 4160: 4158: 4154: 4146: 4145: 4141: 4126: 4122: 4109: 4102: 4092:Wayback Machine 4083:Staff writer, " 4082: 4078: 4062: 4058: 4047: 4032: 4031: 4027: 4014: 4010: 4000: 3998: 3993: 3992: 3988: 3978: 3976: 3971: 3970: 3963: 3953: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3942: 3938: 3928: 3926: 3918: 3917: 3913: 3903: 3901: 3890: 3889: 3885: 3875: 3873: 3864: 3863: 3859: 3849: 3847: 3841: 3840: 3836: 3826: 3824: 3815: 3814: 3810: 3798: 3790: 3788: 3776: 3775: 3768: 3758: 3756: 3750: 3749: 3742: 3734: 3724:Mobile Register 3719: 3715: 3714: 3710: 3700: 3698: 3693: 3692: 3688: 3671: 3664: 3662: 3656: 3655: 3651: 3641: 3639: 3635: 3628: 3627: 3623: 3613: 3611: 3607: 3596: 3592: 3591: 3584: 3574: 3572: 3563: 3562: 3558: 3548: 3546: 3537: 3536: 3527: 3513: 3512: 3508: 3503:Wayback Machine 3493: 3489: 3479: 3477: 3462: 3461: 3454: 3444: 3442: 3429: 3428: 3424: 3402: 3398: 3385:Wayback Machine 3375: 3371: 3362: 3360: 3316: 3315: 3311: 3296:Drye, Willie. " 3295: 3291: 3271: 3267: 3255: 3251: 3250: 3239: 3226:Wayback Machine 3216: 3212: 3199:Wayback Machine 3189: 3182: 3177: 3173: 3168: 3164: 3154: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3143: 3118: 3103:Staff Writer. " 3102: 3098: 3078: 3074: 3064: 3062: 3058: 3043: 3033: 3032: 3028: 3019: 3015: 3005: 3003: 3002:on June 8, 2010 2990: 2989: 2985: 2975: 2973: 2964: 2963: 2952: 2942: 2940: 2931: 2930: 2923: 2913: 2911: 2900: 2899: 2895: 2885: 2883: 2874: 2873: 2869: 2859: 2857: 2851: 2850: 2846: 2836: 2834: 2828: 2827: 2823: 2813: 2811: 2804: 2799: 2798: 2739: 2729: 2727: 2721: 2720: 2716: 2703: 2699: 2688: 2686: 2677: 2668: 2661: 2655:Wayback Machine 2645: 2638: 2633: 2629: 2588: 2584: 2571: 2564: 2558:Wayback Machine 2551:NWS-Katrina-PDF 2537: 2528: 2515: 2506: 2501: 2485:barrier islands 2443:Hurricane Wilma 2394: 2370:Calloway County 2335: 2236:Kathleen Blanco 2226:The Sheriff of 2182: 2145:Kathleen Blanco 2102: 2096: 2005: 1994: 1988: 1985: 1974: 1962: 1951: 1942: 1936: 1933: 1912: 1865:Imperial Palace 1816: 1738:U.S. Highway 90 1687:Clermont Harbor 1683:Harrison County 1674: 1525:Harrison County 1449: 1387: 1255:sustained winds 1233: 1201: 1112: 1106: 1086:03:00 UTC 1064:21:00 UTC 1053:15:00 UTC 1032:09:00 UTC 1013:Destin, Florida 994:03:00 UTC 965:21:00 UTC 935:15:00 UTC 921:09:00 UTC 899:21:00 UTC 891:15:00 UTC 868:Deerfield Beach 861:05:00 UTC 842:03:00 UTC 796:21:00 UTC 778:09:00 UTC 767:03:00 UTC 758:Lake Okeechobee 739:21:00 UTC 719:15:00 UTC 698:03:00 UTC 564:Destin, Florida 489:Lake Okeechobee 467:(NHC) issued a 453: 341: 310: 302: 294: 175: 124:Overall effects 106: 72: 57: 52: 33: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5472: 5470: 5462: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5406: 5405: 5399: 5398: 5396: 5395: 5390: 5388:Media coverage 5385: 5380: 5374: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5367: 5365:Reconstruction 5362: 5357: 5355:Levee failures 5352: 5351: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5319: 5316: 5315: 5308: 5306: 5304: 5303: 5301:Social effects 5298: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5257: 5254: 5253: 5248: 5246: 5245: 5238: 5231: 5223: 5215: 5214: 5185: 5158: 5136: 5108: 5082: 5056: 5030: 5004: 4978: 4952: 4926: 4904: 4882: 4860: 4838: 4816: 4794: 4752: 4730: 4708: 4686: 4654: 4607: 4560: 4549: 4538: 4527: 4501: 4490: 4470: 4450: 4430: 4381: 4362: 4341: 4328: 4306: 4285: 4265: 4237: 4220: 4204: 4168: 4139: 4120: 4116:FOX-HK-tsunami 4100: 4076: 4056: 4045: 4025: 4008: 3986: 3961: 3936: 3911: 3883: 3857: 3834: 3808: 3766: 3740: 3708: 3686: 3649: 3621: 3582: 3556: 3525: 3506: 3487: 3469:Times-Picayune 3452: 3422: 3409:Times-Picayune 3396: 3369: 3309: 3289: 3265: 3237: 3210: 3180: 3171: 3162: 3116: 3096: 3072: 3048:Washington, DC 3026: 3013: 2983: 2950: 2921: 2893: 2867: 2844: 2821: 2737: 2714: 2697: 2659: 2636: 2627: 2615:Buras, Triumph 2611:Long Beach, MS 2607:Pass Christian 2582: 2562: 2549:, MD, web: 2526: 2503: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2466:Hurricane Ivan 2439:Hurricane Rita 2432:Collier County 2407:George W. Bush 2393: 2390: 2374:Ernie Fletcher 2343:Mount Mitchell 2334: 2331: 2292:Gulf of Mexico 2181: 2178: 2162:Houston, Texas 2098:Main article: 2095: 2092: 2060:National Guard 2007: 2006: 1965: 1963: 1956: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1943: 1937:September 2024 1924: 1922: 1911: 1908: 1742:Pass Christian 1693:, and much of 1679:Hancock County 1673: 1670: 1665: 1664: 1663: 1662: 1655: 1648: 1645: 1642: 1635: 1620: 1617: 1607: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1593: 1583: 1572:George W. Bush 1529:Jackson County 1521:Hancock County 1483:Hancock County 1479:Pass Christian 1448: 1445: 1441:Hurricane Ivan 1429:Dauphin Island 1406:Port of Mobile 1391:Dauphin Island 1386: 1383: 1347:St. Petersburg 1319:Broward County 1289:. Most of the 1232: 1229: 1200: 1197: 1105: 1102: 1099: 1098: 1094: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1080: 1079: 1076: 1072: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1061: 1060: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1047: 1046: 1036: 1033: 1029: 1028: 1025: 1021: 1020: 1016: 1015: 1009: 1005: 1004: 998: 995: 992: 988: 987: 977: 973: 972: 969: 966: 962: 961: 948: 944: 943: 936: 932: 931: 925: 922: 919: 915: 914: 911: 907: 906: 903: 900: 896: 895: 892: 888: 887: 884: 880: 879: 876: 872: 871: 865: 862: 858: 857: 854: 850: 849: 846: 843: 840: 836: 835: 828: 824: 823: 812: 808: 807: 800: 797: 793: 792: 782: 779: 775: 774: 771: 768: 765: 761: 760: 755: 751: 750: 745:Vero Beach to 743: 740: 736: 735: 732: 728: 727: 720: 716: 715: 702: 699: 696: 692: 691: 688: 685: 682: 648:originated in 645:Sunset Limited 600:shelters, the 452: 449: 421:Gulf of Mexico 340: 337: 333:Mississippians 183: 182: 172: 171: 150: 149:Areas affected 146: 145: 138: 134: 133: 130: 126: 125: 121: 120: 115:); 27.17 104: 100: 99: 96: 92: 91: 76: 75: 69: 68: 65: 61: 60: 54: 53: 50: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5471: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5411: 5409: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5375: 5372: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5325: 5324: 5321: 5320: 5317: 5312: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5258: 5255: 5251: 5244: 5239: 5237: 5232: 5230: 5225: 5224: 5221: 5212: 5208: 5205: 5202: 5198: 5195: 5189: 5186: 5173: 5169: 5162: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5137: 5124: 5123: 5118: 5112: 5109: 5097: 5093: 5086: 5083: 5070: 5066: 5060: 5057: 5041: 5034: 5031: 5015: 5008: 5005: 4992: 4988: 4982: 4979: 4966: 4962: 4956: 4953: 4940: 4936: 4930: 4927: 4914: 4908: 4905: 4892: 4886: 4883: 4870: 4864: 4861: 4848: 4842: 4839: 4826: 4820: 4817: 4804: 4798: 4795: 4791: 4790:public domain 4772: 4771: 4766: 4759: 4757: 4753: 4740: 4734: 4731: 4718: 4712: 4709: 4697: 4690: 4687: 4674: 4670: 4669: 4664: 4658: 4655: 4649: 4643: 4632:September 14, 4624: 4617: 4611: 4608: 4602: 4596: 4577: 4570: 4564: 4561: 4557: 4553: 4550: 4547: 4542: 4539: 4536: 4531: 4528: 4515: 4511: 4505: 4502: 4499: 4494: 4491: 4487: 4485: 4480: 4474: 4471: 4467: 4465: 4460: 4454: 4451: 4447: 4445: 4440: 4434: 4431: 4426: 4420: 4401: 4394: 4388: 4386: 4382: 4377: 4373: 4366: 4363: 4358: 4357: 4352: 4345: 4342: 4338: 4332: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4310: 4307: 4302: 4301: 4296: 4289: 4286: 4281: 4280: 4275: 4269: 4266: 4258: 4254: 4247: 4241: 4238: 4234: 4230: 4224: 4221: 4217: 4213: 4208: 4205: 4197:September 26, 4192: 4188: 4187: 4182: 4175: 4173: 4169: 4153: 4149: 4143: 4140: 4136: 4135: 4130: 4124: 4121: 4117: 4113: 4107: 4105: 4101: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4086: 4080: 4077: 4073: 4071: 4066: 4060: 4057: 4052: 4048: 4046:9780784408797 4042: 4038: 4037: 4029: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4012: 4009: 3996: 3990: 3987: 3974: 3968: 3966: 3962: 3946: 3940: 3937: 3925: 3921: 3915: 3912: 3900: 3899: 3894: 3887: 3884: 3872: 3868: 3861: 3858: 3845: 3838: 3835: 3823: 3819: 3812: 3809: 3805: 3804:public domain 3786: 3785: 3780: 3773: 3771: 3767: 3754: 3747: 3745: 3741: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3718: 3712: 3709: 3696: 3690: 3687: 3682: 3676: 3660: 3653: 3650: 3634: 3633: 3625: 3622: 3606: 3602: 3595: 3589: 3587: 3583: 3571: 3567: 3560: 3557: 3544: 3540: 3534: 3532: 3530: 3526: 3521: 3517: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3500: 3497: 3491: 3488: 3475: 3471: 3470: 3465: 3459: 3457: 3453: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3426: 3423: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3397: 3394:October 2004. 3393: 3391: 3386: 3382: 3379: 3373: 3370: 3358: 3354: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3325: 3320: 3313: 3310: 3306: 3304: 3299: 3293: 3290: 3286: 3284: 3279: 3275: 3269: 3266: 3261: 3254: 3248: 3246: 3244: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3232: 3227: 3223: 3220: 3214: 3211: 3207: 3205: 3200: 3196: 3193: 3187: 3185: 3181: 3175: 3172: 3166: 3163: 3147: 3141: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3125: 3123: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3111: 3106: 3100: 3097: 3093: 3091: 3087: 3082: 3076: 3073: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3042: 3041: 3036: 3030: 3027: 3023: 3017: 3014: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2987: 2984: 2972: 2968: 2961: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2951: 2938: 2934: 2928: 2926: 2922: 2910: 2909: 2904: 2897: 2894: 2881: 2877: 2871: 2868: 2855: 2848: 2845: 2832: 2825: 2822: 2810: 2803: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2780: 2778: 2776: 2774: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2748: 2746: 2744: 2742: 2738: 2725: 2718: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2701: 2698: 2684: 2680: 2679:"Information" 2676: 2672: 2666: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2649: 2648:FEMA-1604-pdf 2643: 2641: 2637: 2631: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2603:Bay St. Louis 2600: 2596: 2592: 2586: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2569: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2552: 2548: 2547:Silver Spring 2544: 2540: 2535: 2533: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2513: 2511: 2509: 2505: 2498: 2496: 2494: 2489: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2473: 2471: 2470:water systems 2467: 2463: 2458: 2454: 2452: 2447: 2444: 2440: 2435: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2408: 2398: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2346: 2344: 2340: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2312: 2307: 2304: 2299: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2263: 2258: 2254: 2252: 2248: 2243: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2224: 2222: 2218: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2179: 2177: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2141: 2137: 2134: 2129: 2124: 2119: 2112:is at center. 2111: 2106: 2101: 2093: 2091: 2088: 2084: 2079: 2077: 2072: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2056: 2052: 2051:(Chalmette). 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2003: 2000: 1992: 1982: 1978: 1972: 1971: 1966:This section 1964: 1960: 1955: 1954: 1948: 1940: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1920: 1916: 1915: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1894: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1879: 1875: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1853: 1849: 1846: 1840: 1838: 1834: 1829: 1827: 1821: 1812: 1810: 1806: 1801: 1799: 1798: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1776: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1761:Ocean Springs 1758: 1754: 1750: 1745: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1718: 1714: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1695:Bay St. Louis 1692: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1671: 1669: 1660: 1656: 1653: 1649: 1646: 1643: 1640: 1636: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1611: 1610: 1609: 1608: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1594: 1591: 1589: 1584: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1568: 1567: 1563: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1552:Haley Barbour 1548: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1517: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1502: 1498: 1496: 1492: 1486: 1484: 1480: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1458: 1453: 1446: 1444: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1425: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1398: 1392: 1384: 1382: 1380: 1379:Walton County 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1337: 1332: 1329: 1325: 1320: 1312: 1308: 1303: 1299: 1297: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1279:Monroe County 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1242: 1239: 1230: 1228: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1210: 1205: 1198: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1161:Interstate 55 1158: 1157:Interstate 10 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1137: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1117: 1111: 1103: 1095: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1081: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1069: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1055: 1052: 1048: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1022: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1003: 999: 996: 989: 985: 982:, to Florida- 981: 978: 975: 974: 970: 967: 963: 960: 956: 952: 949: 946: 945: 941: 937: 933: 929: 926: 920: 916: 912: 909: 908: 904: 901: 897: 893: 890: 889: 885: 881: 877: 874: 873: 869: 866: 863: 859: 855: 852: 851: 847: 844: 837: 833: 829: 826: 825: 821: 817: 813: 810: 809: 805: 804:Jupiter Inlet 801: 798: 794: 791: 787: 783: 780: 777: 776: 772: 769: 766: 762: 759: 756: 753: 752: 748: 744: 741: 737: 733: 730: 729: 725: 721: 717: 714: 710: 706: 703: 697: 693: 687:Warning type 679: 675: 669: 665: 661: 657: 655: 651: 647: 646: 641: 637: 636: 631: 627: 623: 622: 617: 613: 609: 605: 603: 599: 594: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 552: 549: 545: 540: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 510: 504: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 457: 450: 448: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 427:, becoming a 426: 422: 418: 414: 409: 405: 401: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 364: 362: 361:Martin County 358: 354: 345: 338: 336: 334: 330: 325: 324: 318: 316: 308: 300: 292: 288: 285:'s winds and 284: 280: 278: 273: 272:beach erosion 269: 265: 261: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 236: 234: 230: 226: 222: 219:, becoming a 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 193:South Florida 190: 181: 180: 173: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 153:South Florida 151: 147: 143: 139: 135: 131: 127: 122: 118: 114: 110: 105: 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 70: 66: 62: 55: 48: 43: 40: 35: 32: 27: 19: 5322: 5192:Warneka, T. 5188: 5178:February 12, 5176:. Retrieved 5171: 5161: 5149: 5129:December 20, 5127:. Retrieved 5120: 5111: 5101:December 22, 5099:. Retrieved 5095: 5085: 5073:. Retrieved 5069:the original 5059: 5047:. Retrieved 5033: 5021:. Retrieved 5007: 4995:. Retrieved 4991:the original 4981: 4969:. Retrieved 4965:the original 4955: 4943:. Retrieved 4939:the original 4929: 4917:. Retrieved 4907: 4895:. Retrieved 4885: 4873:. Retrieved 4863: 4851:. Retrieved 4841: 4829:. Retrieved 4819: 4807:. Retrieved 4797: 4775:. Retrieved 4769: 4743:. Retrieved 4733: 4721:. Retrieved 4711: 4699:. Retrieved 4689: 4677:. Retrieved 4673:the original 4666: 4657: 4630:. Retrieved 4623:the original 4610: 4583:. Retrieved 4576:the original 4563: 4552: 4541: 4530: 4520:December 26, 4518:. Retrieved 4514:the original 4504: 4493: 4482: 4473: 4462: 4453: 4442: 4433: 4407:. Retrieved 4400:the original 4376:the original 4365: 4354: 4344: 4331: 4315: 4309: 4298: 4288: 4277: 4268: 4257:the original 4252: 4240: 4228: 4223: 4215: 4207: 4195:. 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