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688:, thousands of Egyptian demonstrators broke into the Israeli embassy in Cairo on Friday, September 9. The Egyptian police stationed at the site attempted to bar entry, firing tear gas into the crowd. After demonstrators entered the first section of the building, the Israeli ambassador and the staff of the embassy were evacuated by Egyptian commandos. After the attack, Israel flew out the Israeli ambassador and about 85 other diplomats and their family members. Following the attack, the Egyptian army declared a state of emergency in the country. Egyptian officials condemned the attack and said that the events were part of an external conspiracy to hurt the stability and foreign relations of Egypt.
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unilaterally halted by Egypt in 2012 because Israel had allegedly breached its obligations and stopped payments a few months prior. Critical of the decision, Israeli Prime
Minister Benjamin Netanyahu also insisted the cut-off was not to do with the peace treaty but rather "a business dispute between the Israeli company and the Egyptian company"; Egyptian Ambassador Yasser Rida also said the Egyptian government saw it as a business disagreement, not a diplomatic dispute. Foreign Minister
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The
Egyptian government opposed in 1947 the UN resolution that called for the partition of Palestine and led to the establishment of the State of Israel. In 1948, Egyptian army participated in the first Arab-Israeli war. The war between Israel and Egypt came to an end with the conclusion on February
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have no aircraft. However other news agencies had reported that the
Egyptian military had actually seized anti-aircraft, anti-tank and anti-personnel weaponry which was destined to be smuggled into the Hamas held Gaza strip. This was in addition to destroying over 100 tunnels used for smuggling. In
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reported that Sissi phoned Barak and said that Egypt was committed to maintaining the peace treaty with Israel. Sissi also said that the militarization was temporary, and was needed for security and to fight terrorism. However, an
Israeli defense official denied that such a conversation took place.
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and Israel was attacked eight times between
Mubarak's ousting on February 11 and November 25, 2011. Egypt had a 20-year deal to export natural gas to Israel. The deal is unpopular with the Egyptian public and critics say Israel was paying below market price for the gas. Gas supplies to Israel were
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jihadists in coordination with Egypt. This marks the first time Israel and Egypt has fought on the same side in a war. To prevent a backlash in Egypt, both countries attempted to hide Israel's involvement, and
Israeli drones, planes and helicopters carrying out missions in Sinai were all unmarked.
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stated initially that he expected any new
Egyptian government to adhere to the peace treaty with Israel, as it had served both countries well. After the Egyptian Army took power on 11 February 2011, it announced that Egypt would continue to abide by all its international and regional treaties. Yet
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against
Egyptian soldiers in the Sinai. Egyptian Colonel Ahmed Mohammed Ali said that "Egypt is co-ordinating with the Israeli side over the presence of Egyptian armed forces in Sinai. They know this. The deployment of the armed forces on all the territory of Sinai is not a violation of the peace
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In 2012, the Muslim
Brotherhood declared their support for the peace treaty, and Israeli Prime Minister Benyamin Netanyahu affirmed he had no problem dealing with the Muslim Brotherhood so long as the peace treaty was respected. Post Mubarak, the Egyptian authorities continued to protect an IDF
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against local jihadist groups, voluntarily ignoring an annex to the 1979 Camp David Peace
Accords banning the presence of significant Egyptian forces in the area." Israel also initiated a covert air campaign in support of the Egyptian forces in Sinai, carrying out frequent airstrikes against
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and Israel in March 2012, the Egyptian parliamentary committee for Arab affairs urged the Egyptian government to recall its ambassador to Israel from Tel Aviv, and deport Israel's ambassador in Egypt. This was largely symbolic since only the ruling military council can make such decisions.
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late August 2012, Morsi said that the security operations do not threaten anyone, and "there should not be any kind of international or regional concerns at all from the presence of Egyptian security forces." Morsi added that the campaign was in "full respect to international treaties."
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On 8 September 2012, an Israeli official confirmed that coordination exists between Israel and Egypt regarding Operation Eagle. Egyptian Military spokesman Ahmed Mohammed Ali had earlier announced that Egypt has been consulting with Israel regarding its security measures in the Sinai.
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could help in the development of Israeli relations with Egypt. In 1956, another Israeli-Egyptian war broke out, as Israeli forces occupied the Sinai peninsula and the Gaza Strip within four days, but Israel was forced to withdraw its forces under international pressure. In 1967, the
284:", with many in Egypt skeptical about its effectiveness. According to the 2019–2020 survey, 13% of Egyptians support diplomatic recognition of Israel while 85% oppose. The Arab-Israeli conflict kept relations cool and anti-Israeli incitement is prevalent in the Egyptian media.
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and following hostility manifestation from masses of Egyptian protesters against Israel in the streets of Cairo. During the final years of the Mubarak administration, the leading Egyptian official conducting contacts with Israel had been the head of Egyptian intelligence
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24, 1949 of an armistice agreement. However, no peace was reached until 1979, and the two countries remained enemies until that time. In October 1954, prior to the establishment of the formal bilateral relations between the two countries, Israel considered joining the
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In August 2012, the Egyptian military entered the de-militarized zone without Israeli approval, in violation of the peace treaty terms. Egypt has also been reported to have deployed anti-air missiles on the Israeli border, a move which clearly targets Israel, as the
280:, a former defense minister known for his close ties to Egyptian officials, stated that "Egypt is not only our closest friend in the region, the co-operation between us goes beyond the strategic." Nevertheless, the relationship is sometimes described as a "
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took place in August; attackers from Egypt killed eight Israelis. Eight attackers were reportedly killed by Israeli security forces, and two more by Egyptian security. Five Egyptian soldiers were also killed. In response, protesters
62:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
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According to the Israel Export & International Cooperation Institute, there were 117 exporters to Egypt active in Israel in 2011 and exports of goods from Israel to Egypt grew by 60% in 2011, to $ 236 million.
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Under the terms of the 1979 Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty, Egypt is responsible for maintaining the monument. In return, Israel erected and preserves a memorial for fallen Egyptian soldiers in the Negev.
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824:. Israeli-Egyptian relations worsened following the outbreak of the Gaza war of 2023-2024, and the Egyptian government made vocal protests against Israeli invasion of Rafah in May 2024.
752:. Notably, Israel has permitted Egypt to increase its number of troops deployed in the Sinai peninsula beyond the terms of the peace treaty. These developments, along with deteriorating
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in the south. The fence was planned to block the infiltration of refugees and asylum seekers from Africa, but took on heightened urgency with the fall of Mubarak's regime.
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Although diplomatic relations were established in 1980, the Egyptian ambassador to Israel was recalled between 1982 and 1988, and again between 2001 and 2005 during the
662:. Suleiman was ousted from power at the same time as Mubarak, and Israel was said to have very few channels of communication open with Egypt during the events of 2011.
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military base in the Sinai Peninsula, killing 16 soldiers and stealing two armored cars, which they used to infiltrate into Israel. The attackers broke through the
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On November 3, 2015, Egypt voted for Israel joining the UNOOSA, marking the first time in history that Egypt has ever voted in Israel's favor at the
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he Supreme Military Council and the Muslim Brotherhood, set to control the country's future, are declaring their devotion to the Camp David Accords.
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Peace between Egypt and Israel has lasted for more than forty years and Egypt has become an important strategic partner of Israel. In January 2011,
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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On 24 August 2012, a senior Egyptian military source said that Egyptian Defense Minister Abdel Fattah el-Sissi and Israeli Defense Minister
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memorial in the Sinai in keeping with their treaty obligations. The Israelis remained positive about the treaty after MB candidate
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Hebrew Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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in the Egyptian parliament wished to open trade across the border with Gaza, a move said to be resisted by Egypt's
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The albatross of decisive victory: War and policy between Egypt and Israel in the 1967 and 1973 Arab-Israeli wars
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Landau, Emily B. "Egypt, Israel, and the WMDFZ Conference for the Middle East: Setting the Record Straight."
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In November 2010 Israel began construction on a 5-meter-high fence along its border with Egypt known as the
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2535:(Thesis, School of Advanced Military Studies, United States Army Command and General Staff College, 2012)
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Maoz, Zeev, and Allison Astorino. "The cognitive structure of peacemaking: Egypt and Israel, 1970–1978."
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The superpowers, Israel and the future of Jordan, 1960–1963 : the perils of the pro-Nasser policy
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Historical Review of U.S. Foreign Aid as a Tool of Foreign Policy in Israel and Egypt During 1952–1969
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Cohen, Stephen P., and Edward E. Azar. "From war to peace: The transition between Egypt and Israel."
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to Israel, where one of the vehicles exploded. They then engaged in a firefight with soldiers of the
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Stein, Janice Gross. "Deterrence and learning in an enduring rivalry: Egypt and Israel, 1948–73."
1406:"Egyptian parliamentary committee urges recall of Israel envoy in response to IDF strikes on Gaza"
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Between Cairo and Jerusalem: The Normalization between Arab States and Israel – The Egyptian Case
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said the same, adding that perhaps the gas supplies were being used as campaign material for the
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2229:"Egypt rues fatal unpreparedness for Sunday's terror attack, as ex-MP charges Israeli collusion"
2151:"'Flagman' climbs 21-story Israeli Embassy in Cairo, becoming instant hero to Cairo protesters"
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2441:"Foreign minister: Turning Egyptian gas supply halt into a political dispute is a mistake"
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Menachem Begin and the Israel-Egypt Peace Process: Between Ideology and Political Realism
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The evolution of the Egypt-Israel boundary: From colonial foundations to peaceful borders
1540:"PM: We'll work with an Islamist president of Egypt so long as peace treaty is respected"
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1166:"Columnist for Egyptian Government Daily to Hitler: 'If Only You Had Done It, Brother'"
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and was completed by December 2013. The fence stretches along 245 kilometers, from the
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Heroic Diplomacy: Sadat, Kissinger, Carter, Begin and the Quest for Arab-Israeli Peace
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The Origins of the Second Arab-Israel War: Egypt, Israel and the Great Powers, 1952–56
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Oren, Michael B. "Secret Egypt‐Israel peace initiatives prior to the Suez campaign."
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Confronting the costs of war: military power, state, and society in Egypt and Israel
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1754:"Egypt says it has killed 32 'criminals' and arrested 38 since Sinai terror attack"
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1804:"'Israel-Egypt ties never been better, yet don't expect Sisi trip to Jerusalem'"
644:, led to fears in Israel about the future of the treaty. Israeli Prime Minister
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in exchange for 1,027 Palestinian prisoners between October and December 2011.
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Shikaki, Khalil. "The nuclearization debates: The cases of Israel and Egypt."
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1621:"Barak and Egyptian counterpart reportedly come to terms over Sinai offensive"
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Oren, Michael B. "Escalation to Suez: The Egypt-Israel Border War, 1949–56."
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In search of a peace settlement: Egypt and Israel between the wars, 1967–1973
1981:"Report: IDF to okay bolstered Egyptian forces in Sinai after deadly attacks"
1511:"Report: Israel threatens to strike militants if Egypt fails to secure Sinai"
3029:
2184:"Israel Apologizes for Deaths of Egyptian Troops in Shootout With Militants"
2078:"In first, Bennett meets Sissi, MBZ in Egypt amid concerns over Ukraine war"
2010:"Secret Alliance: Israel Carries Out Airstrikes in Egypt, With Cairo's O.K."
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of Morsi from office in July 2013, with close military cooperation over the
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ended with an Israeli occupation of the Sinai peninsula and the Gaza Strip.
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have reached an agreement on the issue of the militarization of the Sinai.
1920:معركة الثأر (مترجم إلى اللغة الإنجليزية) Sinai against terrorism - YouTube
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The Israel-Arab Reader: A Documentary History of the Middle East Conflict
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Relations have improved significantly between Israel and Egypt after the
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entered Israeli airspace and overflew the nuclear research facilities at
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Thirteen days in September : Carter, Begin, and Sadat at Camp David
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
2589:(Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Bar-Ilan University, 2014).
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Ehud Barak, Israel Defense Minister, Regrets Deaths Of Egyptian Troops
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1901:"Egyptian Minister Visits Israel in Push for Peace With Palestinians"
1595:"Israeli official: Egypt likely to preserve peace treaty with Israel"
1349:"Egypt's rulers resist Muslim Brotherhood's push to open Gaza border"
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Israeli-Egyptian relations reached their lowest level since the 1979
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Chances for Peace: Missed Opportunities in the Arab-Israeli Conflict
2346:"Israelis see business ties with Egypt continuing – Globes English"
1566:"Egypt prevents group from defacing Sinai monument to IDF soldiers"
1325:"Opening of Rafah crossing spells end of Israel's blockade of Gaza"
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dismissed claims that the dispute was purely commercial in nature.
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Egypt's post-Mubarak rulers were instrumental in mediating between
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2059:"Egypt makes efforts to influence Jordan on 'deal of the century'"
1375:"After Attack on Embassy, Egypt Vows a Tougher Stance on Protests"
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Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Egypt
2102:"Israeli PM, UAE de facto ruler hold talks with el-Sisi in Egypt"
1681:"Egypt Deployed Troops in Sinai Without Israel's Prior Approval"
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1951:"Israel giving Egyptian army free hand in Sinai, official says"
1483:"Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood: We acknowledge peace with Israel"
1457:"Egyptian parliament demands to cut ties with Israel over Gaza"
1240:"Egypt protests: Israel fears unrest may threaten peace treaty"
15:
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Nasser’s Peace: Egypt’s Response to the 1967 War with Israel
1651:"Egypt tells Israel military presence in Sinai is temporary"
1431:"Egypt without Mubarak may have trouble brokering ceasefire"
2831:
2023 exchange of Israeli hostages for Palestinian prisoners
2027:"For the first time ever, Egypt votes for Israel at the UN"
1739:"'Egypt seizes Gaza-bound anti-aircraft missiles in Sinai'"
1187:(1). Institute for Contemporary History, Belgrade: 111–131.
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Al-Ahram Weekly | Egypt | Protocols, politics and Palestine
2412:"Netanyahu: Egyptian gas cutoff is business, not politics"
1300:"Israel's diplomatic ties with Egypt down to bare minimum"
1183:[The 'Naissance' of Yugoslav-Egyptian Relations].
257:. Their shared border has two official crossings, one at
1258:"Netanyahu: Egypt Could Be A New Iran « Liveshots"
2281:"Egypt Israel border attack leaves 'five gunmen dead'"
2127:"On Israel-Egypt border, best defense is a good fence"
1833:"Israel agrees to allow more Egyptian forces in Sinai"
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Security cooperation was increased as a result of the
2489:
Sadat and Begin: The domestic politics of peacemaking
2360:"Report: Saboteurs blow up Egypt gas pipeline again"
1710:
1708:
1199:"Egypt ambassador back in Israel after 4-year break"
883:, during which six of the attackers were killed. No
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2157:. Associated Press. August 21, 2011. Archived from
1887:"Egypt's Sisi Demands Israel Recognize 'Palestine'"
1699:"Egyptian Anti-Aircraft Missiles Reported in Sinai"
1060:"Egypt–Israel 'cold peace' suffers a further chill"
135:
2202:"Egypt military vows to hunt down Sinai attackers"
2204:. Associated Press. 6 August 2012. Archived from
1819:"Sisi reveals close ties with Israel's Netanyahu"
805:On 22 March 2022, Sisi met with President of the
786:Relations further improved after the election of
767:checkpoints, Israel announced that it was giving
2434:
2432:
1869:"Al-Sisi is not Israel's friend, he's a partner"
1392:Egypt blames outside forces for embassy violence
1281:"Egypt Sees New Era After Exit of Hosni Mubarak"
763:On 2 July 2015, one day after the attacks on 15
2642:Steinberg, Gerald M., and Ziv Rubinovitz, eds.
816:in Egypt. They discussed trilateral relations,
2320:Avi Issacharoff and Jack Khoury (2011-10-13).
1784:"Israel, Egypt getting along great these days"
1716:"Egypt seizes anti-aircraft missiles in Sinai"
1593:Harel, Amos; Issacharoff, Avi (27 June 2012).
1116:. Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies.
920:that led to the liberation of Israeli soldier
633:. Israel threatened to shoot the drones down.
80:accompanying your translation by providing an
46:Click for important translation instructions.
33:expand this article with text translated from
3737:
3087:
2721:
2587:The Muslim Brotherhood and Egypt-Israel Peace
2322:"Report: Shalit swap to get underway Tuesday"
1323:Avi Issacharoff and Amos Harel (2011-05-29).
1219:Mahnaimi, Uzi; Aviv, Tel (21 December 2003).
1023:
1021:
8:
1733:
1731:
1181:"'Nastanak' jugoslovensko-egipatskih odnosa"
1147:"Interpreting Egypt's anti-semitic cartoons"
1093:"Egyptians ponder 30-year peace with Israel"
121:
1373:Kirkpatrick, David D. (10 September 2011).
686:2011 attack on the Israeli Embassy in Egypt
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358:20,770/22,072 km (8,019/8,522 sq mi)
291:Israel–Egypt Armistice Commission building
2979:2011 southern Israel cross-border attacks
2879:Israeli occupation of the Sinai Peninsula
2678:Laqueur, Walter, and Dan Schueftan, eds.
2384:Tobias Buck; Heba Saleh (22 April 2012).
857:2011 southern Israel cross-border attacks
691:After an exchange of rocket fire between
2307:"Egypt and Israel 'co-operate' in Sinai"
831:
299:
1752:Shmulovich, Michal (8 September 2012).
1455:Elhanan Miller and AP (12 March 2012).
1017:
2255:"Watch: IAF strikes Sinai terror cell"
1764:from the original on 10 September 2012
1619:Davidovitch, Joshua (24 August 2012).
953:. Minister of National Infrastructure
217:in 1973, and was followed by the 1979
120:
2869:Egyptian occupation of the Gaza Strip
2794:Second United Nations Emergency Force
2016:, Feb 3, 2018. Accessed Jun 17, 2020.
1817:al-Jadeed, Al-Araby (13 March 2015).
936:The pipeline which supplies gas from
871:occurred, when armed men ambushed an
7:
2934:Bahr El-Baqar primary school bombing
2386:"Egypt halts gas supplies to Israel"
1028:Kershner, Isabel (27 January 2011).
771:a "free hand to operate in northern
704:was elected president in June 2012.
1854:"Why Won't the U.S. Embrace Egypt?"
1661:from the original on 27 August 2012
1631:from the original on 27 August 2012
1030:"Israeli concern for peace partner"
1007:International recognition of Israel
897:2012 Egyptian–Israeli border attack
869:2012 Egyptian–Israeli border attack
836:Egypt-Israeli border north of Eilat
673:border to persons in May 2011. The
2579:(University of Texas Press, 2021)
1279:Fahim, Kareem (12 February 2011).
1111:"The 2019–2020 Arab Opinion Index"
1079:"An uneasy Egyptian-Israeli peace"
904:treaty between Egypt and Israel."
355:1,002,450 km (387,048 sq mi)
92:{{Translated|he|יחסי ישראל–מצרים}}
14:
2907:1948 Tel Aviv bus station bombing
2821:Multinational Force and Observers
2646:(Indiana University Press, 2017)
2523:Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs
1991:from the original on 13 July 2015
1961:from the original on 24 July 2015
1685:Diplomacy & Defense – Haaretz
1264:. 8 February 2011. Archived from
3937:
3799:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3753:
3543:
3103:
3057:
3056:
2747:
2737:
2227:Elhanan Miller (6 August 2012).
1931:from the original on 9 July 2015
1867:Perry, Smadar (12 August 2014).
1481:Elhanan Miller (29 March 2012).
1221:"Egypts spy drones spook Israel"
981:
967:
711:Egyptian army memorial in Israel
599:expecting that an alliance with
550:US$ 399.488 billion (US$ 42,570
529:US$ 446.708 billion (US$ 47,602
322:
307:
237:, and Saad Mortada as the first
157:
146:
127:
20:
3062:Category:Egypt–Israel relations
3035:Taba Hotel & Nelson Village
2939:Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114
2852:Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency
2790:Sinai Disengagement Agreements
2553:Journal of Contemporary History
1429:Raphael Ahren (11 March 2012).
567:US$ 21.7 billion (4.8% of GDP)
564:US$ 7.85 billion (3.1% of GDP)
543:US$ 1.346 trillion (US$ 13,083
522:US$ 394.284 billion (US$ 3,832
2984:2011 attack on Israeli Embassy
2770:Ambassadors of Israel to Egypt
2765:Ambassadors of Egypt to Israel
2479:Journal of Conflict Resolution
2439:Stuart Winer (23 April 2012).
2410:Stuart Winer (23 April 2012).
1985:The Jerusalem Post – JPost.com
1238:Black, Ian (31 January 2011).
1179:P. Petrović, Vladimir (2005).
1145:Clark, Kate (10 August 2003).
951:Egyptian presidential election
918:Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange
792:President of the United States
201:are foreign relations between
90:You may also add the template
1:
4703:Bilateral relations of Israel
1852:God, Philadelphia Church of.
1564:Gabe Fisher (25 April 2012).
1538:Gabe Fisher (24 April 2012).
665:Egypt undermined the Israeli
239:Egyptian Ambassador to Israel
225:, mediated by U.S. president
4698:Bilateral relations of Egypt
2614:Journal of Palestine Studies
2253:Yoav Zitun (6 August 2012).
997:History of the Jews in Egypt
877:Kerem Shalom border crossing
800:Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
4662:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
3760:Foreign relations of Israel
3676:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
3608:Union for the Mediterranean
1509:Zvi Bar'el (7 April 2012).
862:stormed the Israeli embassy
810:Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
638:Egyptian Revolution of 2011
249:. Israel has an embassy in
235:Israeli Ambassador to Egypt
103:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
4719:
3110:Foreign relations of Egypt
3025:Palestinian autonomy talks
1404:Barak Ravid (2012-03-12).
1298:Barak Ravid (2011-09-11).
667:blockade of the Gaza Strip
371:426/km (1,103/sq mi)
241:. Egypt has an embassy in
122:Egyptian–Israeli relations
54:Machine translation, like
4667:International recognition
4595:Alliance of the periphery
3935:
3671:
3660:
3643:
3632:
3566:
3552:
3541:
3130:
3116:
3053:
2811:Egypt–Israel peace treaty
2786:1949 Armistice Agreements
2682:(8th ed. Penguin, 2016).
2125:Amos Harel (2011-11-13).
1201:. China Daily. 2005-03-18
651:Egypt–Israel peace treaty
219:Egypt–Israel peace treaty
169:
156:
145:
126:
35:the corresponding article
2994:2023 Alexandria shooting
2701:Israeli embassy in Cairo
2507:Gawrych, George Walter.
848:passage in the north to
368:102/km (264/sq mi)
2799:Sinai Interim Agreement
2487:Friedlander, Melvin A.
754:Israel-Jordan relations
101:For more guidance, see
4693:Egypt–Israel relations
3688:Diplomatic missions of
2744:Egypt–Israel relations
2657:. Tel Aviv University.
2653:Sultan, David (2007).
2563:Middle Eastern Studies
2555:24.2 (1989): 347–375.
867:On 5 August 2012, the
837:
760:, has visited Israel.
712:
591:
292:
199:Egypt–Israel relations
195:
4569:Arab–Israeli alliance
4564:Arab–Israeli conflict
3648:Arab–Israeli conflict
2847:1948 Arab–Israeli War
2626:6.1 (1996): 104–152.
2565:26.3 (1990): 351–370.
2481:25.1 (1981): 87–114.
2366:. Reuters. 2011-11-25
2161:on November 14, 2018.
2082:www.timesofisrael.com
1355:. Reuters. 2012-03-21
1034:Sydney Morning Herald
881:Israel Defense Forces
835:
794:and the ascension of
710:
590:at Blair House, 1978.
581:
560:Military expenditures
290:
233:serving as the first
211:1948 Arab–Israeli War
178:
74:copyright attribution
4646:Diplomatic missions
4625:United Arab Emirates
4253:United Arab Emirates
3613:Non-Aligned Movement
3374:United Arab Emirates
2989:2023 border shooting
2616:14.4 (1985): 77–91.
2543:Political Psychology
2467:Barnett, Michael N.
1741:. 26 September 2011.
1066:. 10 September 2011.
1002:Taba Border Crossing
908:Diplomatic mediation
891:Security cooperation
842:Egypt–Israel barrier
807:United Arab Emirates
462:Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
278:Binyamin Ben-Eliezer
2969:2009 Hezbollah plot
2684:online 2001 edition
2636:(Routledge, 2002).
2602:Sharnoff, Michael.
2525:7.1 (2013): 13–16.
2491:(Routledge, 2019).
2445:The Times of Israel
2416:The Times of Israel
2233:The Times of Israel
2063:Middle East Monitor
1955:The Times of Israel
1838:The Times of Israel
1806:. 4 September 2015.
1758:The Times of Israel
1721:The Times of Israel
1655:The Times of Israel
1625:The Times of Israel
1570:The Times of Israel
1544:The Times of Israel
1488:The Times of Israel
1461:The Times of Israel
1435:The Times of Israel
1268:on 25 October 2014.
916:and Israel for the
818:Russo-Ukrainian War
796:Mohammed bin Salman
345:9.4 million (2021)
342:102 million (2021)
253:and a consulate in
245:and a consulate in
231:Eliyahu Ben-Elissar
123:
118:Bilateral relations
4600:Camp David Accords
3702:Egyptian diplomats
3045:Yaakov Abuhatzeira
2974:Ilan Grapel affair
2949:Ein Netafim ambush
2944:Ras Burqa massacre
2929:Operation Damocles
2806:Camp David Accords
2661:Wright, Lawrence.
2632:Stein, Kenneth W.
2606:(Routledge, 2017)
2572:(Routledge, 2013).
2511:(Greenwood, 2000).
2501:(Springer, 2012).
2014:The New York Times
1905:The New York Times
1657:. 25 August 2012.
1379:The New York Times
1285:The New York Times
1132:2011-04-01 at the
1040:on 4 February 2011
838:
713:
675:Muslim Brotherhood
646:Benjamin Netanyahu
620:Egyptian Air Force
592:
474:Official languages
467:Benjamin Netanyahu
364:Population density
296:Country comparison
293:
223:Camp David Accords
213:culminated in the
196:
82:interlanguage link
4680:
4679:
3809:Equatorial Guinea
3719:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3697:Egyptian diaspora
3656:
3655:
3628:
3627:
3621:
3592:
3539:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3457:
3456:
3069:
3068:
2568:Oren, Michael B.
2545:(1992): 647–662.
2261:. Yedioth Ahronot
2208:on August 7, 2012
2190:. 20 August 2011.
2106:www.aljazeera.com
2065:. March 17, 2018.
1185:Istorija 20. Veka
947:Avigdor Lieberman
822:Iran nuclear deal
631:Palmachim Airbase
571:
570:
419:semi-presidential
221:a year after the
173:
172:
114:
113:
47:
43:
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4500:Papua New Guinea
4475:Marshall Islands
4129:Kurdistan Region
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2886:War of Attrition
2758:Diplomatic posts
2752:
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2658:
2624:Security Studies
2497:Gat, Moshe, ed.
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1099:. 26 March 2009.
1089:
1083:
1082:
1077:Kasinof, Laura.
1074:
1068:
1067:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1036:. Archived from
1025:
991:
986:
985:
984:
977:
972:
971:
970:
899:and the ensuing
828:Border incidents
750:Sinai insurgency
588:Kamal Hassan Ali
450:David Ben-Gurion
328:
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60:Google Translate
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4620:Abraham Accords
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4394:North Macedonia
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2999:Rafah offensive
2964:Sinai bus crash
2917:Meir Max Bineth
2895:
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2774:
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2673:Primary sources
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2348:. 25 June 2012.
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2287:. 6 August 2012
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2155:Washington Post
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2076:Berman, Lazar.
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1927:. 5 July 2015.
1917:
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1907:. 11 July 2016.
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901:Operation Eagle
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814:Naftali Bennett
669:by opening the
655:Sinai Peninsula
613:Second Intifada
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445:Muhammad Naguib
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3666:Related topics
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702:Mohammed Morsi
640:, part of the
601:SFR Yugoslavia
582:Jimmy Carter,
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1987:. July 2015.
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4490:New Zealand
4439:Switzerland
4389:Netherlands
4223:South Korea
4203:Philippines
4181:North Korea
4052:Afghanistan
3909:South Sudan
3576:Arab League
3512:New Zealand
3482:Switzerland
3354:South Korea
3339:Philippines
3324:North Korea
3182:South Sudan
2954:Azzam Azzam
2874:Six-Day War
2857:Suez Crisis
2816:Safari Club
1768:8 September
642:Arab Spring
627:Nahal Sorek
606:Six day war
597:Balkan Pact
584:Moshe Dayan
261:and one at
188:Anwar Sadat
4687:Categories
4672:Legitimacy
4552:Arab world
4536:Yugoslavia
4480:Micronesia
4419:San Marino
4374:Luxembourg
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4099:East Timor
4072:Bangladesh
4062:Azerbaijan
3899:Somaliland
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3854:Mauritania
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3527:Yugoslavia
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2370:2012-01-07
2331:2012-01-07
2136:2012-01-07
2111:2022-06-21
2087:2022-06-21
1415:2012-03-12
1359:2012-03-22
1334:2012-03-22
1309:2012-01-07
1205:2011-08-20
1044:31 January
1013:References
955:Uzi Landau
717:Ehud Barak
552:per capita
545:per capita
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524:per capita
411:Government
338:Population
282:cold peace
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192:Camp David
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4036:Venezuela
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3859:Mauritius
3561:relations
3507:Australia
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3279:Indonesia
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2900:Incidents
2840:Conflicts
2779:Diplomacy
2041:"i24NEWS"
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1635:24 August
1246:. London.
1227:. London.
1225:The Times
618:In 2003,
539:GDP (PPP)
387:Jerusalem
96:talk page
37:in Hebrew
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3959:Barbados
3947:Americas
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2421:30 April
2395:28 April
2291:6 August
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2259:Ynetnews
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2212:6 August
2188:Fox News
1989:Archived
1959:Archived
1929:Archived
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1629:Archived
1575:29 April
1549:28 April
1494:31 March
1466:13 March
1440:13 March
1262:Fox News
1151:BBC News
1130:Archived
1097:BBC News
1064:BBC News
961:See also
885:Israelis
873:Egyptian
820:and the
721:Al Hayat
509:, 16.9%
433:republic
422:republic
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243:Tel Aviv
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3008:Related
2665:(2014)
2648:excerpt
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2596:(1999)
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1410:Haaretz
1353:Haaretz
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746:removal
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684:In the
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