178:
961:
949:
2019:
1727:
193:
4789:
4799:
2205:
937:
106:
meant wineries had to produce cheap wine in large quantities to meet the surging demand from
Western tourists. Due to the lack of locally produced wine grapes wineries imported concentrated juice from Europe which would be diluted with water and fermented, contributing to the negative reputation of Egyptian wine. The Gianaclis Vineyards started planting vines again in 2004 in
4809:
63:
4819:
279:"thinking it to be the blood of those who had once battled against the gods and from whom, when they had fallen and had become commingled with the earth, they believed vines to have sprung". This was considered to be the reason why drunkenness "drives men out of their senses and crazes them, inasmuch as they are then filled with the blood of their forebears".
20:
114:. By 2010 only 2% of their wines were made with Lebanese grapes, with Egyptian grapes used for the remainder of their production. The industry has in recent years started experimenting with international varieties to find grapes that are suited for the Egyptian climate. The main varieties used in red wines are
97:) provided fertile and hydrated soil for the vines, and the stable weather conditions made it a competitive location for the cultivation of wine grapes. After the construction of the dam in 1970 the annual flooding stopped. Today vineyards in Egypt use drip irrigation to make up for the lack of rain.
369:
nationalized and merged breweries and vineyards in the country, under the previously
Belgian-owned Pyramid Brewery, which later came to be known as Al Ahram Beverages Company. Mismanagement under state-ownership and an increasingly religious population contributed to the industry's gradual decline.
322:
recount the involvement of
Egyptian Jews in the production and sale of wine in medieval Egypt. The consumption of wine was not necessarily limited to religious minorities however. Western travelers and pilgrims passing through Cairo on their journeys reported that Muslim locals imbibed on wine and a
70:
High average temperatures and poor rainfall present a major challenge for
Egyptian grape producers. To overcome these difficulties vineyards in Egypt apply innovative solutions, such as using pergolas to shade the plants and palm trees to shield them from winds as well as transporting the harvest in
105:
At the time the state-owned Al Ahram
Beverages Company was privatized in 1997 all noble grapes that had previously been planted by its subsidiary, Gianaclis Vineyards, were lost. This meant that grapes had to be imported, mainly from Lebanon. This coincided with a boom in the tourism industry which
31:
dating back to the 3rd millennium BC. The modern wine industry is relatively small scale but there have been significant strides towards reviving the industry. In the late nineties the industry invited international expertise in a bid to improve the quality of
Egyptian wine, which used to be known
235:
period. Winemaking scenes on tomb walls, and the offering lists that accompanied them, included wine that was definitely produced in the delta vineyards. By the end of the Old
Kingdom, five distinct wines, probably all produced in the Delta, constituted a canonical set of provisions for the
370:
The company was privatized in 1997, at the height of its ruination, part of an economic reform program that sought to restructure the country's economy. This was viewed as a turning-point for the alcohol industry as a whole in Egypt. Its new owner, Egyptian businessman
647:
681:
Maria Rosa Guasch-Jané, Cristina Andrés-Lacueva, Olga Jáuregui and Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós, The origin of the ancient
Egyptian drink Shedeh revealed using LC/MS/MS, Journal of Archaeological Science, Vol 33, Iss 1, Jan. 2006, pp.
317:
in the 7th century. Attitudes towards alcohol varied greatly under
Islamic rule, Muslim rulers generally showed some level of tolerance towards alcohol production controlled by religious minorities. Jewish manuscripts from the
297:
Winemaking continued to be part of
Egyptian culture during Roman rule in Egypt. Christians constituted the majority of Egypt’s population by the 3rd century, despite a reserved attitude towards alcohol in the
4638:
3671:
3666:
3661:
32:
for its poor quality. In recent years Egyptian wines have received some recognition, having won several international awards. In 2013 Egypt produced 4,500 tonnes of wine, ranking
4193:
617:
374:, restructured the company and introduced a line of non-alcoholic beverages that would appeal to the conservative segment of the population. The company was sold to
3440:
904:
4062:
361:, who founded the country's first modern vineyard south of Alexandria in 1882. The country's wine industry expanded under the early 20th century, until the
3688:
3656:
2061:
302:
monasteries are known have stored and produced large quantities of wine. In 2008 two wine presses dating back to Roman rule in Egypt were unearthed near
754:
4517:
4045:
3527:
2755:
4529:
3964:
3698:
1953:
851:
153:, cultivates an indigenous grape variety known as Bannati which is used in its Beausoleil white wine. In 2016 the wine won a silver medal at the
3241:
4766:
667:
517:
4590:
4244:
4188:
4144:
3957:
3631:
3621:
3581:
1775:
882:
595:
4249:
3989:
3875:
4853:
4702:
4633:
4512:
4134:
4011:
3678:
3559:
3486:
3474:
3435:
4237:
3766:
1037:
835:
737:
473:
351:), made from imported raisins and honey and left to ferment in the sun (hence the name, which roughly translates into "sun wine").
4370:
4033:
3756:
2764:
33:
3586:
4729:
4697:
4450:
4176:
3306:
1326:
1012:
204:. It played an important role in ancient Egyptian ceremonial life. A thriving royal winemaking industry was established in the
692:
4863:
4298:
4055:
2054:
1493:
4812:
4497:
621:
303:
4843:
4585:
4380:
3786:
3311:
3294:
2748:
1979:
705:
927:
4561:
4365:
4333:
4149:
3781:
3651:
3574:
3115:
1984:
4724:
4566:
4308:
4198:
4021:
3816:
3683:
3626:
3522:
3397:
2955:
362:
3455:
496:
4719:
4421:
4404:
4387:
4328:
4154:
4109:
4040:
3979:
3952:
3596:
3234:
1904:
1871:
1700:
154:
3513:
177:
4685:
4628:
4595:
4360:
4270:
4232:
4227:
4215:
4114:
3920:
3806:
3776:
3761:
2047:
1994:
1884:
365:
which saw the country's liberal monarchy unseated, in favor of a presidential system. In 1963 Egyptian president
4848:
4761:
4741:
4549:
4375:
4171:
4159:
3996:
3974:
3641:
3591:
3532:
3491:
3367:
3362:
3328:
3289:
2741:
2707:
1989:
1768:
1710:
1639:
1531:
1132:
1115:
344:
339:
of the same name), even during the most draconian periods of Islamic rule. The most popular wine was known as
328:
314:
83:
3569:
827:
Food and Foodways of Medieval Cairenes: Aspects of Life in an Islamic Metropolis of the Eastern Mediterranean
4858:
4670:
4524:
4293:
4028:
3880:
3853:
3838:
3833:
3469:
1879:
1252:
1088:
762:
418:
4868:
4751:
4680:
4502:
4470:
4164:
4102:
4097:
3811:
3276:
2722:
1742:
1665:
1110:
375:
4756:
4648:
4618:
4507:
4487:
4433:
4345:
3984:
3942:
3937:
3915:
3723:
3713:
3498:
3377:
3345:
3227:
3045:
2717:
1680:
1449:
1093:
253:, the most precious drink in ancient Egypt, is now known to have been a red wine and not fermented from
791:
Restaurants, Inns and Taverns That Never Were: Some Reflections on Public Consumption in Medieval Cairo
648:"Monastic Vintages: The Economic Role of Wine in Egyptian Monasteries in the Sixth to Eighth Centuries"
447:
2143:
358:
4623:
4573:
4443:
3547:
3537:
1331:
1083:
548:
299:
79:
4734:
4714:
4534:
4482:
4477:
4416:
4318:
4001:
3932:
3927:
3646:
1909:
1861:
1761:
1311:
1005:
4798:
4544:
4455:
4355:
4222:
4050:
4016:
3969:
3947:
3843:
3745:
3616:
3503:
3450:
3020:
2803:
2133:
1899:
1404:
798:
525:
366:
115:
57:
4822:
4692:
4554:
4492:
4438:
4399:
4350:
4303:
4288:
4203:
4119:
4006:
3904:
3885:
3718:
3392:
3387:
3318:
3301:
3284:
2451:
1853:
1800:
1384:
1321:
831:
733:
663:
192:
4653:
4610:
4580:
4465:
4428:
4210:
4139:
4092:
4081:
3796:
3791:
3771:
3693:
3508:
3409:
3340:
3323:
3264:
3162:
3075:
3040:
2894:
2839:
2523:
2466:
2111:
2106:
2070:
2018:
1726:
1644:
1571:
1434:
1336:
948:
655:
387:
294:, so it was at least available to the Egyptians through trade if not produced domestically.
244:
53:
2461:
4643:
4460:
4411:
4313:
4129:
3865:
3848:
3479:
3404:
3198:
3157:
3060:
3025:
2924:
2899:
2712:
2553:
2307:
2096:
1999:
1820:
1737:
1523:
1351:
1286:
1229:
1192:
1072:
810:
4792:
4746:
4600:
4539:
4323:
4124:
3636:
3564:
3423:
3357:
3208:
3188:
3178:
3110:
3090:
3005:
2960:
2909:
2874:
2829:
2808:
2788:
2518:
2355:
2319:
2148:
1894:
1889:
1838:
1792:
1649:
1621:
1596:
1517:
1506:
1501:
1399:
1366:
1182:
1160:
1127:
1103:
998:
268:
75:
4837:
4675:
4658:
4338:
3428:
3203:
3183:
3141:
3131:
3065:
3035:
2990:
2965:
2945:
2940:
2884:
2869:
2849:
2834:
2813:
2798:
2793:
2778:
2314:
2265:
2242:
2227:
2177:
2172:
2165:
1919:
1828:
1634:
1629:
1306:
1122:
1098:
965:
392:
228:
201:
166:
310:, which could indicate that Egyptian wine was exported to Christians in the region.
4802:
4392:
3801:
3460:
3193:
3136:
3100:
3095:
3080:
3070:
3030:
3015:
2970:
2950:
2919:
2864:
2859:
2702:
2642:
2568:
2210:
2118:
2091:
1705:
1296:
1234:
1224:
1177:
941:
319:
41:
37:
1454:
62:
825:
727:
243:. Due to its resemblance to blood, much superstition surrounded wine-drinking in
3821:
3552:
3542:
3350:
3335:
3085:
3055:
2995:
2985:
2980:
2904:
2879:
2854:
2844:
2596:
2406:
2350:
2329:
2247:
2023:
1974:
1937:
1731:
1586:
1576:
1474:
1356:
1239:
1170:
1029:
953:
371:
354:
287:
254:
232:
131:
3870:
3828:
3105:
3050:
3010:
3000:
2975:
2889:
2456:
2441:
2345:
2280:
2200:
1927:
1843:
1833:
1784:
1690:
1685:
1670:
1606:
1601:
1566:
1464:
1459:
1419:
1346:
1291:
1281:
1276:
1263:
1219:
1207:
1197:
1155:
981:
659:
397:
291:
224:
205:
162:
139:
107:
570:
219: BC. The industry was most likely the result of trade between Egypt and
4709:
4181:
2914:
2677:
2632:
2426:
2237:
2101:
1805:
1695:
1675:
1611:
1591:
1581:
1541:
1479:
1361:
1301:
1202:
883:"The Non-Alcoholic Beer That Fueled American Pharoah's Triple Crown Victory"
161:. The grapes are grown at their vineyard by the Nile in central Egypt, near
469:
357:
was revived in Egypt by Greek-Egyptian tobacco merchant and entrepreneur,
3382:
2672:
2652:
2637:
2513:
2492:
2436:
2416:
2411:
2138:
1551:
1546:
1536:
1429:
1409:
1376:
1341:
1271:
1187:
1150:
1062:
1057:
1042:
276:
258:
240:
158:
150:
135:
123:
19:
2662:
2606:
2563:
2543:
2528:
2508:
2421:
2386:
2376:
2004:
1810:
1561:
1414:
1389:
1316:
1165:
1052:
971:
646:
Dzierzbicka, Dorota (2023), Cromwell, Jennifer; Blanke, Louise (eds.),
307:
283:
272:
263:
3414:
3372:
2667:
2611:
2601:
2558:
2446:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2290:
2285:
2275:
1969:
1932:
1556:
1444:
1439:
249:
220:
209:
143:
448:"Egyptian wine on the way up – Hot climate viticulture is spreading"
2039:
3445:
3250:
2733:
2682:
2647:
2627:
2548:
2533:
2487:
2482:
2431:
2381:
2371:
2270:
2128:
2123:
1469:
1424:
1394:
1047:
336:
127:
119:
111:
28:
852:"Gianaclis: The History and Heritage of Gianaclis Wines in Egypt"
66:
A vineyard in Egypt using pergola structures and drip irrigation.
3858:
2657:
2591:
2538:
2324:
2232:
1021:
977:
4268:
4079:
3902:
3743:
3262:
3223:
3219:
2737:
2043:
1757:
994:
975:
596:"Egypt wineries beat the desert and poor reviews to win awards"
1753:
181:
Grape cultivation, winemaking, and commerce in ancient Egypt
91:
23:
Omar Khayyam and Shahrazade bottles from Gianaclis Vineyards.
208:
following the introduction of grape cultivation from the
313:
The production of wine declined significantly after the
990:
755:"Ancient Christian "Holy Wine" Factory Found in Egypt"
652:
Monastic Economies in Late Antique Egypt and Palestine
925:
227:, commencing from at least the 27th-century BC
4609:
4281:
3707:
3609:
3275:
3171:
3150:
3124:
2933:
2822:
2771:
2695:
2620:
2584:
2577:
2501:
2475:
2364:
2338:
2299:
2256:
2220:
2157:
2084:
2077:
1962:
1946:
1918:
1870:
1852:
1819:
1791:
1658:
1620:
1515:
1492:
1375:
1262:
1250:
1143:
1071:
1028:
654:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 129–151,
290:'s tomb, however, have been shown to be that of
729:The Monastic Origins of the Nag Hammadi Codices
706:White wine turns up in King Tutankhamen's tomb
3235:
2749:
2055:
1769:
1006:
8:
876:
874:
872:
4278:
4265:
4076:
3899:
3740:
3272:
3259:
3242:
3228:
3220:
2756:
2742:
2734:
2581:
2081:
2062:
2048:
2040:
1776:
1762:
1754:
1259:
1013:
999:
991:
972:
784:
782:
780:
497:"Egypt: the vineyards behind the pyramids"
512:
510:
306:in Sinai, along with ancient coins from
239:Wine in ancient Egypt was predominantly
191:
176:
61:
18:
1954:Clarification and stabilization of wine
932:
549:"Wine-making in the Middle East: Egypt"
495:Jean-Baptiste, Ancelot (27 June 2014).
441:
439:
409:
806:
796:
419:"Reviving the Nectar of Ancient Egypt"
196:An Egyptian wine label from the 1930s.
149:Koroum of the Nile, a winery based in
641:
639:
7:
4818:
348:
332:
87:
4808:
618:"Selling Egypt's wine to the world"
27:Winemaking has a long tradition in
14:
4189:Role of the Egyptian Armed Forces
1038:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
474:Food and Agriculture Organization
4817:
4807:
4797:
4788:
4787:
4046:Refugees of the Syrian civil war
2203:
2017:
1725:
959:
947:
935:
4530:Identification card controversy
417:Turtle, Michael (30 May 2014).
200:Wine was a staple commodity in
74:Before the construction of the
3436:Khedivate and Kingdom of Egypt
335:, not to be confused with the
1:
1980:Glossary of viticulture terms
793:. BRILL. pp. 71, 66, 85.
732:. Mohr Siebeck. p. 122.
620:. Japan Times. Archived from
213:
182:
4063:Twin towns and sister cities
3575:Assassination of Anwar Sadat
1985:Glossary of winemaking terms
323:local barley beer, known as
92:
4591:Vehicle registration plates
4245:Water supply and sanitation
476:. 6 October 2015. p. 1
378:in 2002 for $ 280 million.
363:Egyptian revolution of 1952
304:Saint Catherine's Monastery
4885:
4250:Water resources management
2198:
1905:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
155:International Wine Contest
146:are used for white wines.
51:
4854:Egyptian alcoholic drinks
4783:
4277:
4264:
4145:Impact on the environment
4135:Entrepreneurship policies
4088:
4075:
3911:
3898:
3752:
3739:
3271:
3258:
2013:
1995:History of the wine press
1885:Sparkling wine production
1719:
988:
824:Lewicka, Paulina (2011).
789:Lewicka, Paulina (2005).
660:10.1017/9781009278959.006
3916:Administrative divisions
3592:2011 Egyptian revolution
3533:1952 Egyptian revolution
3329:Lighthouse of Alexandria
1990:Wine tasting descriptors
1711:Wine tasting descriptors
1640:Phenolic content in wine
1532:Alternative wine closure
1116:Great French Wine Blight
695:. University of Chicago.
470:"Wine production (tons)"
315:Muslim conquest of Egypt
4120:Egyptian stock exchange
2085:Non-alcoholic beverages
1880:Malolactic fermentation
726:Lundhaug, Hugo (2015).
571:"Egyptian Wine Regions"
547:Ramadan, Ahmed (2010).
282:Residue from five clay
275:did not drink wine nor
267:relates that, prior to
257:as previously thought.
231:, the beginning of the
4451:International rankings
3456:Egyptian–Ethiopian War
2956:Bosnia and Herzegovina
830:. BRILL. p. 495.
376:Heineken International
197:
189:
67:
24:
4864:North African cuisine
4056:Terrorism and tourism
3514:1948 Arab–Israeli War
3346:Library of Alexandria
1681:Wine and food pairing
905:"About ABC - History"
518:"A Vineyard in Egypt"
195:
180:
71:refrigerated trucks.
65:
22:
4844:Agriculture in Egypt
4767:World Heritage Sites
4586:Units of measurement
4041:Proposed new capital
3787:Environmental issues
3548:United Arab Republic
3441:Muhammad Ali dynasty
1332:Muscat of Alexandria
300:Church of Alexandria
277:offer it to the gods
80:flooding of the Nile
16:Wine making in Egypt
4439:Freedom of religion
4334:Mass sexual assault
3699:Timekeeping devices
3597:2013 Rabaa massacre
3570:Egyptian–Libyan War
2158:Alcoholic beverages
1910:Yeast in winemaking
1862:Carbonic maceration
765:on November 7, 2016
759:National Geographic
693:"Isis & Osiris"
624:on 15 November 2016
551:. Egypt Independent
528:on 21 December 2017
501:the drinks business
337:Levantine ice cream
4629:Art (contemporary)
4309:Capital punishment
4199:Telecommunications
3876:Towns and villages
3844:Qattara Depression
3657:Muslim Brotherhood
3627:Cigarette industry
3487:British occupation
3398:Crusader invasions
3368:Rashidun Caliphate
2621:Herbs & spices
2578:Common ingredients
1900:Traditional method
1701:Wine personalities
1405:Cabernet Sauvignon
909:Al Ahram Beverages
423:Time Travel Turtle
367:Gamal Abdel Nasser
198:
190:
116:Cabernet Sauvignon
68:
58:Geography of Egypt
25:
4831:
4830:
4779:
4778:
4775:
4774:
4703:Football stadiums
4634:Botanical gardens
4513:Catholic dioceses
4405:Gender inequality
4329:Human trafficking
4260:
4259:
4194:Tallest buildings
4155:Military industry
4071:
4070:
4012:Political parties
3965:Islamic extremism
3953:Foreign relations
3894:
3893:
3735:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3475:French occupation
3393:Fatimid Caliphate
3388:Ikhshidid dynasty
3217:
3216:
2731:
2730:
2691:
2690:
2427:Macaroni béchamel
2196:
2195:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2030:
1801:Late harvest wine
1751:
1750:
1488:
1487:
1385:Alicante Bouschet
1133:Judgment of Paris
807:|periodical=
753:Bossone, Andrew.
669:978-1-009-27895-9
598:. Middle East Eye
223:during the early
4876:
4821:
4820:
4811:
4810:
4801:
4791:
4790:
4596:Waste management
4361:Academic grading
4279:
4266:
4238:Railway stations
4216:Cultural tourism
4115:Economic regions
4077:
3900:
3741:
3410:Mamluk Sultanate
3341:Diocese of Egypt
3324:Battle of Actium
3273:
3260:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3221:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2735:
2708:Ancient Egyptian
2696:Related cuisines
2582:
2524:Feteer meshaltet
2213:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2082:
2071:Egyptian cuisine
2064:
2057:
2050:
2041:
2022:
2021:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1755:
1730:
1729:
1645:Proteins in wine
1312:Grüner Veltliner
1260:
1015:
1008:
1001:
992:
973:
964:
963:
962:
952:
951:
940:
939:
938:
931:
920:
919:
917:
915:
901:
895:
894:
892:
890:
878:
867:
866:
864:
862:
848:
842:
841:
821:
815:
814:
808:
804:
802:
794:
786:
775:
774:
772:
770:
761:. Archived from
750:
744:
743:
723:
717:
715:
703:
697:
696:
689:
683:
679:
673:
672:
643:
634:
633:
631:
629:
614:
608:
607:
605:
603:
592:
586:
585:
583:
581:
567:
561:
560:
558:
556:
544:
538:
537:
535:
533:
524:. Archived from
514:
505:
504:
492:
486:
485:
483:
481:
466:
460:
459:
457:
455:
450:. BKWineMagazine
443:
434:
433:
431:
429:
414:
388:Egyptian cuisine
359:Nestor Gianaclis
350:
334:
245:Egyptian culture
218:
215:
187:
184:
167:ancient Egyptian
95:
89:
54:Climate of Egypt
4884:
4883:
4879:
4878:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4873:
4849:Wine by country
4834:
4833:
4832:
4827:
4771:
4762:Public holidays
4752:National anthem
4605:
4518:Coptic Churches
4461:Egyptian Arabic
4371:Medical schools
4273:
4256:
4172:Nuclear program
4084:
4067:
3997:Nationality law
3990:Supreme Council
3975:Law enforcement
3907:
3890:
3866:Sinai Peninsula
3849:Red Sea Riviera
3748:
3727:
3703:
3605:
3492:1919 revolution
3480:Revolt of Cairo
3405:Ayyubid dynasty
3383:Tulunid dynasty
3267:
3254:
3248:
3218:
3213:
3167:
3146:
3120:
3046:North Macedonia
2929:
2818:
2767:
2765:Wine by country
2762:
2732:
2727:
2687:
2616:
2573:
2497:
2471:
2360:
2334:
2308:Egyptian cheese
2295:
2258:
2252:
2216:
2209:
2204:
2202:
2192:
2153:
2073:
2068:
2038:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2024:Wine portal
2016:
2009:
2000:History of wine
1958:
1942:
1914:
1866:
1848:
1829:Deacidification
1815:
1787:
1782:
1752:
1747:
1732:Wine portal
1724:
1715:
1654:
1616:
1521:
1511:
1484:
1371:
1352:Sauvignon blanc
1287:Cayetana blanca
1255:
1253:grape varieties
1246:
1139:
1067:
1024:
1019:
984:
970:
960:
958:
946:
936:
934:
926:
924:
923:
913:
911:
903:
902:
898:
888:
886:
880:
879:
870:
860:
858:
850:
849:
845:
838:
823:
822:
818:
805:
795:
788:
787:
778:
768:
766:
752:
751:
747:
740:
725:
724:
720:
713:
704:
700:
691:
690:
686:
680:
676:
670:
645:
644:
637:
627:
625:
616:
615:
611:
601:
599:
594:
593:
589:
579:
577:
569:
568:
564:
554:
552:
546:
545:
541:
531:
529:
522:Maadi Messenger
516:
515:
508:
494:
493:
489:
479:
477:
468:
467:
463:
453:
451:
445:
444:
437:
427:
425:
416:
415:
411:
406:
384:
345:Egyptian Arabic
329:Egyptian Arabic
216:
185:
175:
103:
101:Grape varieties
84:Egyptian Arabic
60:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4882:
4880:
4872:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4859:African drinks
4856:
4851:
4846:
4836:
4835:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4825:
4815:
4805:
4795:
4784:
4781:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4738:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4712:
4707:
4706:
4705:
4700:
4698:Football clubs
4690:
4689:
4688:
4683:
4673:
4668:
4667:
4666:
4661:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4615:
4613:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4577:
4576:
4571:
4570:
4569:
4559:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4521:
4520:
4515:
4505:
4500:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4453:
4448:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4431:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4409:
4408:
4407:
4397:
4396:
4395:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4294:Animal welfare
4291:
4285:
4283:
4275:
4274:
4269:
4262:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4220:
4219:
4218:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4177:Power stations
4174:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4125:Egyptian pound
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4095:
4089:
4086:
4085:
4080:
4073:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4059:
4058:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4037:
4036:
4029:Prime Minister
4026:
4025:
4024:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3993:
3992:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3924:
3923:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3903:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3862:
3861:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3834:Northern coast
3831:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3744:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3709:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3613:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3599:
3594:
3584:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3565:Yom Kippur War
3557:
3556:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3467:
3466:
3465:
3464:
3463:
3458:
3448:
3443:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3326:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3299:
3298:
3297:
3287:
3281:
3279:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3256:
3255:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3224:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3128:
3126:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3116:United Kingdom
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2976:Czech Republic
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2738:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2723:Middle Eastern
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2588:
2586:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2549:Luqmet el qadi
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2479:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2356:Shorbet khodar
2353:
2351:Shorbet ‘ads
2348:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2311:(main article)
2303:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2189:(main article)
2181:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2169:(main article)
2161:
2159:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2149:Turkish coffee
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2099:
2094:
2088:
2086:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2044:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2028:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1924:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1890:Sugars in wine
1887:
1882:
1876:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1839:Chaptalization
1836:
1831:
1825:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1797:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1758:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1666:Classification
1662:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1650:Sugars in wine
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1622:Wine chemistry
1618:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1597:Wine dispenser
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1528:
1526:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1498:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1400:Cabernet Franc
1397:
1392:
1387:
1381:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1367:Welschriesling
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1322:Müller-Thurgau
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1268:
1266:
1257:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1089:Ancient Greece
1086:
1077:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1034:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1010:
1003:
995:
989:
986:
985:
976:
969:
968:
956:
944:
922:
921:
896:
881:Teeter, Adam.
868:
843:
836:
816:
776:
745:
738:
718:
698:
684:
674:
668:
635:
609:
587:
562:
539:
506:
487:
461:
446:Furer, David.
435:
408:
407:
405:
402:
401:
400:
395:
390:
383:
380:
341:"nebit shamsi"
269:Psammetichus I
174:
171:
102:
99:
76:Aswan High Dam
49:
46:
42:United Kingdom
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4881:
4870:
4869:Arabic drinks
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4824:
4816:
4814:
4806:
4804:
4800:
4796:
4794:
4786:
4785:
4782:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4717:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4695:
4694:
4691:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4678:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4624:Art (ancient)
4622:
4620:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4612:
4608:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4575:
4572:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4563:
4560:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4542:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4503:Blasphemy law
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4472:
4471:Sign Language
4469:
4467:
4466:Saʽidi Arabic
4464:
4462:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4413:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4389:
4386:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4267:
4263:
4251:
4248:
4247:
4246:
4243:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4225:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4209:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
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3021:Liechtenstein
3019:
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2718:Mediterranean
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2519:Eish essaraya
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2476:Grilled meats
2474:
2468:
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2302:
2298:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
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2281:Salata baladi
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2243:Eish merahrah
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
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2223:
2219:
2212:
2201:
2188:
2187:
2186:Egyptian wine
2183:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2166:Beer in Egypt
2163:
2162:
2160:
2156:
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2137:
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2132:
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2020:
2012:
2006:
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1998:
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1955:
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1635:Acids in wine
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1630:Aroma of wine
1628:
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1499:
1497:
1495:
1494:Major regions
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1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
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1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1450:Montepulciano
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1438:
1436:
1433:
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1428:
1426:
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1002:
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993:
987:
983:
979:
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945:
943:
933:
929:
910:
906:
900:
897:
884:
877:
875:
873:
869:
857:
853:
847:
844:
839:
837:9789004194724
833:
829:
828:
820:
817:
812:
800:
792:
785:
783:
781:
777:
764:
760:
756:
749:
746:
741:
739:9783161541728
735:
731:
730:
722:
719:
711:
707:
702:
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694:
688:
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671:
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661:
657:
653:
649:
642:
640:
636:
623:
619:
613:
610:
597:
591:
588:
576:
575:wine-searcher
572:
566:
563:
550:
543:
540:
527:
523:
519:
513:
511:
507:
502:
498:
491:
488:
475:
471:
465:
462:
449:
442:
440:
436:
424:
420:
413:
410:
403:
399:
396:
394:
393:Beer in Egypt
391:
389:
386:
385:
381:
379:
377:
373:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
346:
342:
338:
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316:
311:
309:
305:
301:
295:
293:
289:
285:
280:
278:
274:
270:
266:
265:
260:
256:
252:
251:
246:
242:
237:
234:
230:
229:Third Dynasty
226:
222:
211:
207:
203:
202:ancient Egypt
194:
179:
172:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
147:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
100:
98:
96:
94:
85:
81:
77:
72:
64:
59:
55:
47:
45:
43:
39:
35:
34:54th globally
30:
21:
4663:
4649:Coat of arms
4619:Architecture
4508:Christianity
4488:Prostitution
4434:Human rights
4393:Abaza family
4381:Universities
4346:Demographics
4299:Billionaires
3943:Constitution
3938:Conscription
3921:Governorates
3802:Halfaya Pass
3672:1954–present
3632:Constitution
3587:2010s Crisis
3499:World War II
3461:Urabi revolt
3378:Islamization
3312:31st Dynasty
3307:27th Dynasty
2804:South Africa
2783:
2569:Rozz belaban
2306:
2266:Baba ghanoug
2211:Egypt portal
2185:
2184:
2164:
2015:
1872:Fermentation
1723:
1706:Wine tasting
1327:Muscat blanc
1297:Chenin blanc
1094:Ancient Rome
912:. Retrieved
908:
899:
887:. Retrieved
859:. Retrieved
855:
846:
826:
819:
790:
767:. Retrieved
763:the original
758:
748:
728:
721:
709:
701:
687:
677:
651:
626:. Retrieved
622:the original
612:
600:. Retrieved
590:
578:. Retrieved
574:
565:
553:. Retrieved
542:
530:. Retrieved
526:the original
521:
500:
490:
478:. Retrieved
464:
452:. Retrieved
426:. Retrieved
422:
412:
353:
340:
324:
320:Cairo Geniza
312:
296:
281:
262:
255:pomegranates
248:
238:
199:
148:
104:
93:Wafa' El Nil
90:
73:
69:
26:
4813:WikiProject
4574:Scientology
4444:LGBT rights
4366:Law schools
4150:Lighthouses
4093:Agriculture
3822:Mount Sinai
3782:Earthquakes
3582:Mubarak era
3553:Six-Day War
3543:Suez Crisis
3538:Land reform
3285:Prehistoric
3163:New Zealand
3106:Switzerland
3051:Netherlands
2900:Philippines
2597:Bell pepper
2407:Ful medames
2248:Eish shamsi
2233:Eish baladi
1975:Wine bottle
1947:Other steps
1938:Wine cellar
1895:Süssreserve
1587:Wine cellar
1577:Wine bottle
1518:accessories
1516:Packaging,
1475:Tempranillo
1104:Noah's wine
1084:Phoenicians
1030:Viticulture
628:12 November
602:13 November
580:12 November
555:12 November
454:12 November
372:Ahmed Zayat
355:Viticulture
288:Tutankhamun
236:afterlife.
233:Old Kingdom
217: 3000
186: 1500
132:Tempranillo
78:the annual
36:, ahead of
4838:Categories
4725:Newspapers
4715:Mass media
4567:Synagogues
4535:Irreligion
4483:Literature
4478:Liberalism
4417:Healthcare
4319:Corruption
4002:Parliament
3933:Corruption
3928:Civil Code
3871:Suez Canal
3829:Nile Delta
3714:Alexandria
3684:Population
3679:Parliament
3647:Healthcare
3528:Nasser era
3302:Achaemenid
3277:Chronology
3076:San Marino
3041:Montenegro
3026:Luxembourg
2880:Kazakhstan
2840:Azerbaijan
2653:Bay leaves
2585:Vegetables
2457:Shakshouka
2259:and salads
2257:Appetizers
2139:Tamr hindi
2097:Aseer asab
2092:Amar eddin
1854:Maceration
1844:Wine press
1834:Destemming
1785:Winemaking
1691:Wine fraud
1686:Wine fault
1671:Oenophilia
1607:Wine label
1602:Wine glass
1567:Port tongs
1465:Sangiovese
1460:Pinot noir
1420:Douce noir
1347:Rkatsiteli
1292:Chardonnay
1282:Catarratto
1256:by acreage
1230:Biodynamic
1193:Aromatized
982:winemaking
914:7 November
889:7 November
885:. Vinepair
861:7 November
769:6 November
532:8 November
480:12 October
428:7 November
404:References
398:Winemaking
292:white wine
225:Bronze Age
206:Nile Delta
163:Beni Hasan
140:Chardonnay
108:Alexandria
88:وفاء النيل
52:See also:
4720:Magazines
4710:Egyptians
4545:Ahmadiyya
4456:Languages
4422:Hospitals
4356:Education
4223:Transport
4182:Aswan Dam
4110:Companies
4051:Terrorism
4017:President
3980:Massacres
3970:Judiciary
3948:Elections
3817:Mountains
3746:Geography
3724:Port Said
3667:1939–1954
3662:1928–1938
3617:Anarchism
3560:Sadat era
3504:Sultanate
3451:Khedivate
3351:Christian
3319:Ptolemaic
3179:Argentina
3158:Australia
2895:Palestine
2633:Coriander
2529:Ghorayiba
2442:Molokhiya
2437:Mesaqa‘ah
2346:Molokhiya
2238:Eish fino
2102:Black tea
2078:Beverages
1806:Noble rot
1696:Winemaker
1676:Sommelier
1612:Wine rack
1592:Wine cork
1582:Wine cave
1572:Screw cap
1542:Corkscrew
1507:New World
1502:Old World
1480:Zinfandel
1455:Mourvèdre
1362:Trebbiano
1302:Colombard
1203:Noble rot
1183:Fortified
1161:Sparkling
1128:New World
856:Cairo 360
809:ignored (
799:cite book
710:USA Today
349:نبيذ شمسي
212:to Egypt
4793:Category
4757:Olympics
4693:Football
4525:Hinduism
4493:Religion
4400:Feminism
4388:Families
4351:Diaspora
4314:Censuses
4304:Cannabis
4289:Abortion
4233:Airports
4228:Airlines
4204:Internet
4007:Passport
3985:Military
3958:Missions
3905:Politics
3886:Wildlife
3610:By topic
3523:Republic
3358:Sassanid
3199:Paraguay
3091:Slovenia
3086:Slovakia
3061:Portugal
2961:Bulgaria
2915:Thailand
2830:Abkhazia
2809:Tanzania
2789:Ethiopia
2673:Cinnamon
2638:Cardamom
2514:Basbousa
2502:Desserts
2493:Shawarma
2452:Sayadiya
2417:Kamounia
2412:Hawawshi
2119:Karkadeh
1821:Pressing
1743:Glossary
1659:Industry
1552:Jug wine
1547:Decanter
1537:Box wine
1435:Isabella
1430:Grenache
1410:Carignan
1357:Sémillon
1342:Riesling
1337:Palomino
1080:Ancient
1063:Vineyard
1058:Veraison
1043:Oenology
382:See also
284:amphoras
273:pharaohs
259:Plutarch
159:Brussels
151:El Gouna
136:Viognier
134:, while
124:Grenache
40:and the
4823:Commons
4742:Museums
4686:regions
4654:Cuisine
4639:Castles
4611:Culture
4581:Smoking
4562:Judaism
4550:Mosques
4429:Housing
4376:Schools
4282:General
4271:Society
4211:Tourism
4140:Fishing
4098:Banking
4082:Economy
3807:Islands
3797:Geology
3792:Fossils
3777:Deserts
3772:Climate
3762:Borders
3708:By city
3694:Saladin
3642:Genetic
3622:Capital
3509:Kingdom
3424:Ottoman
3290:Ancient
3265:History
3209:Uruguay
3184:Bolivia
3151:Oceania
3111:Ukraine
3066:Romania
3036:Moldova
3011:Ireland
3006:Hungary
2996:Germany
2991:Georgia
2981:Denmark
2966:Croatia
2951:Belgium
2946:Austria
2941:Albania
2925:Vietnam
2885:Lebanon
2835:Armenia
2814:Tunisia
2799:Namibia
2794:Morocco
2779:Algeria
2663:Parsley
2648:Aniseed
2607:Spinach
2564:Qatayef
2509:Baqlawa
2422:Kushari
2387:Falafel
2377:Besarah
2320:Domiati
2300:Cheeses
2134:Sharbat
2107:Kushari
2005:Terroir
1963:Related
1811:Vintage
1793:Harvest
1738:Outline
1562:Muselet
1524:storage
1415:Cinsaut
1390:Barbera
1317:Macabeo
1277:Aligoté
1235:Organic
1225:Natural
1178:Dessert
1123:Georgia
1073:History
1053:Terroir
1048:Species
928:Portals
682:98–101.
325:"booza"
308:Antioch
264:Moralia
173:History
48:Climate
38:Belgium
4803:Portal
4644:Cinema
4498:Baháʼí
4412:Health
4160:Mining
4130:Energy
3854:Rivers
3767:Cities
3689:Postal
3470:Modern
3415:Mamluk
3373:Fustat
3363:Muslim
3295:topics
3253:topics
3189:Brazil
3137:Mexico
3132:Canada
3101:Sweden
3081:Serbia
3071:Russia
3056:Poland
3001:Greece
2986:France
2971:Cyprus
2934:Europe
2920:Turkey
2910:Taiwan
2875:Jordan
2865:Israel
2845:Bhutan
2772:Africa
2683:Cloves
2668:Ginger
2612:Tomato
2602:Lentil
2559:Om Ali
2554:Malban
2544:Kunafa
2534:Halawa
2467:Qolqas
2447:Mombar
2432:Mahshi
2402:Feteer
2397:Fesikh
2392:Fatteh
2365:Dishes
2315:Areesh
2291:Torshi
2286:Tehina
2276:Hummus
2221:Breads
2178:Stella
2129:Sahlab
2124:Kharob
2112:Sa‘idi
1970:Winery
1933:Solera
1557:Kvevri
1445:Merlot
1440:Malbec
1240:Kosher
1216:Other
1171:Orange
1144:Styles
1111:France
966:Africa
834:
736:
714:29 May
666:
271:, the
250:Shedeh
221:Canaan
210:Levant
169:site.
144:Muscat
4747:Music
4730:Radio
4671:Films
4601:Women
4555:Niqāb
4540:Islam
4324:Crime
4165:Mines
3881:Wadis
3839:Oases
3812:Lakes
3757:Biota
3719:Cairo
3637:Copts
3446:Nahda
3336:Roman
3251:Egypt
3194:Chile
3096:Spain
3031:Malta
3016:Italy
2905:Syria
2890:Nepal
2870:Japan
2855:India
2850:China
2784:Egypt
2643:Chili
2628:Cumin
2488:Kofta
2483:Kebab
2462:Torly
2382:Eggah
2372:Bamia
2339:Soups
2271:Duqqa
2228:Bataw
2173:Bouza
2144:Sobia
1920:Aging
1470:Syrah
1425:Gamay
1395:Bobal
1307:Glera
1272:Airén
1264:White
1220:Table
1208:Straw
1198:Fruit
1156:White
1099:China
978:Wines
942:Egypt
716:2006.
165:, an
128:Bobal
120:Syrah
112:Luxor
29:Egypt
4681:list
4676:Flag
4664:Wine
4659:Beer
4339:Rape
4034:list
4022:list
3859:Nile
3652:Jews
3204:Peru
2860:Iran
2823:Asia
2703:Arab
2678:Mint
2658:Dill
2592:Bean
2539:Kahk
2330:Rumi
2325:Mish
1522:and
1251:Top
1166:Rosé
1022:Wine
980:and
954:Wine
916:2016
891:2016
863:2016
832:ISBN
811:help
771:2016
734:ISBN
664:ISBN
630:2016
604:2016
582:2016
557:2016
534:2016
482:2016
456:2016
430:2016
333:بوظة
142:and
130:and
110:and
56:and
1928:Oak
1377:Red
1188:Ice
1151:Red
656:doi
286:in
261:'s
241:red
188:BC.
157:in
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4735:TV
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