256:, once the largest school in Tochigi Prefecture, north of Tokyo, was sued twice by its employees in the space of 13 months for withheld wages. During the second lawsuit its directors fled, while ignoring a court order to pay. News reports indicated the business was closed, but according to its business registration it is still a legal operating entity with 30 million yen in equity, and has never been in a state of bankruptcy.
266:
In 2014, Eikaiwa chain Gaba, famous for its "man-to-man" (one-to-one) lessons, came under fire from local print media for its handling of sexual harassment complaints against students. In the absence of a grievance procedure, the Gaba branch of the
General Union had to resort to collective bargaining
187:
was once considered one of the "Big Four", but its market share has declined in recent years and it was overtaken by ECC. ECC and Aeon have become the most widely recognized such schools in Japan. The large chains run extensive advertising campaigns in print and on television; they sometimes feature
191:
A 2008 assessment of the language study market for fiscal year 2007 showed it had shrunk by over 61%, an effect of Nova's collapse, although demand for some services like software and lessons for children had increased. GEOS filed for bankruptcy in April 2010, and was acquired by Nova.
117:
schools to supplement their school studies, to study a second language, to improve their business skills, as a hobby, to help socialize, or to prepare for travel or marriage. Many parents send their children to these schools in the hope of improving their child's prospects for
239:
Eikaiwa instructors face very low job security, with most schools only offering 12 month contracts, low income and a high pressure environment, from both customers and managers. For this reason, it could be assumed that most
Eikaiwa are
188:
Japanese or international celebrities in their promotions and have a very high profile and strong brand recognition often built on the personal and professional qualities of the foreign staff currently contracted to work for them.
130:
The major chains of commercial language schools have branches in cities and towns throughout Japan, and there are large numbers of smaller independent outfits. Several chains offer instruction in other languages, including
155:. These languages are taught primarily at larger city branches or through videoconferencing. In 2002, foreign language instruction in Japan was a 670 billion yen industry, of which the five largest chains (
894:
236:, the Justice Ministry estimates that some 90 percent of foreign residents in Japan stay for three years or less. For eikaiwa teachers, however, that figure rises to between 96 and 97 percent.
195:
Average salaries for eikaiwa teachers have generally fallen since the 1980s. Eikaiwa teachers' unions have attempted to combat the decline in pay and benefits, with mixed results.
122:, or to provide exposure to the ways and manners of people from other cultures. Contracted foreign teachers are often the principal selling point of an eikaiwa business.
263:
chain left thousands of western foreigners with no source of income and, in the majority of cases, no accommodation after their contracts were abruptly cancelled.
920:
411:
690:
899:
60:
442:
879:
471:
Seargeant, Philip (2005). ""More
English than England itself": the simulation of authenticity in foreign language practice in Japan".
380:
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331:
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545:
347:"Japan - Education Videoconferencing Network Opens". Washington Post Newsweek Interactive via Newsbytes Network. June 29, 2000.
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system mandates that
English be taught as part of the curriculum from the fifth grade, the focus is generally on
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595:アメリカンクラブ株式会社登記 (American Club Business Registration), Utsunomiya Legal Records Office, Jan. 1995
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610:(American Club Business Registration), Utsunomiya Legal Records Office, Feb. 10, 2011
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in
October 2007, although the brand continues to thrive under different management.
711:
689:"Harassers exploit Gaba's man-to-man lesson format", The Japan Times, Jun 16 2014
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227:
63:
schools, usually privately operated, in Japan. It is a combination of the word
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17:
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cf Zoom High School
English-Okihara Katsuaki, Clyde Davenport
504:. Yano Research Institute. September 2, 2008. Archived from
603:
601:
716:
Learning to Bow: An
American Teacher in a Japanese School
206:
teachers are generally native
English speakers from the
381:"Insatiable thirst for English boosts language schools"
622:
620:
618:
616:
867:
846:
777:
566:
564:
706:English to Go: Inside Japan's Teaching Sweatshops
633:), Utsunomiya edition, Utsunomiya, Jan. 25, 1996
733:Importing Diversity: Inside Japan's JET Program
286:Importing Diversity: Inside Japan's JET Program
543:The curious case of the eroding eikaiwa salary
95:
82:
69:
52:
37:
754:
27:English language conversation school in Japan
8:
473:International Journal of Applied Linguistics
572:"English schools face huge insurance probe"
443:"How U.S. stars sell Japan to the Japanese"
761:
747:
739:
720:Learning to Bow: Inside the Heart of Japan
412:"English Teaching Gets a Shake in Japan"
680:, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan, Mar. 1996
649:, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan, Feb. 1996
276:
900:Teaching English as a foreign language
530:Geos school chain files for bankruptcy
361:
350:
921:English conversation schools in Japan
7:
880:English-language education in Japan
627:「英会話教室の外国人講師ら」賃金支払い求め訴訟経営者不在のまま閉鎖」
324:Re-Imagining Comparative Education
25:
267:to resolve at least one dispute.
499:"Yano Research Institute Report"
485:10.1111/j.1473-4192.2005.00094.x
74:, English language conversation)
449:. June 29, 2000. Archived from
420:. June 17, 2007. Archived from
379:Otake, Tomoko (June 4, 2004).
1:
828:Rosetta Stone Learning Center
259:The collapse of the troubled
665:), Utsunomiya, Feb. 23, 1996
718:(1991), later published as
643:"The fall of American Club"
937:
532:Retrieved on June 11, 2012
326:. Routledge. p. 118.
284:McConnell, David (2000).
179:, the biggest, filed for
96:
83:
70:
53:
38:
290:University of California
113:. Some students attend
799:Dela Cruz English Club
360:Cite journal requires
322:Ninnes, Peter (2004).
105:Although the Japanese
704:Craig Currie-Robson,
659:「講師の賃金支払い命令英会話学校へ宇地裁」
175:) accounted for 25%.
838:Shane English School
731:David L. McConnell,
558:, 3 July 2012, p. 12
61:English conversation
726:Memoirs of a Gaijin
675:"AC Update: Threat"
511:on October 10, 2008
292:Press. p. 23.
875:Education in Japan
663:Shimotsuke Shimbun
548:2013-01-20 at the
541:Budmar, Patrick, "
908:
907:
32:Eikaiwa kyōshitsu
16:(Redirected from
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678:Networking
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582:2007-03-20
515:2008-09-02
457:2007-06-30
428:2007-06-30
397:2010-07-10
271:References
181:bankruptcy
854:Coco Juku
447:Salon.com
220:Australia
91:kyōshitsu
87:, school)
915:Category
868:See also
772:in Japan
546:Archived
417:OhmyNews
248:Scandals
847:Defunct
795:Berlitz
224:Ireland
204:Eikaiwa
185:Berlitz
173:Berlitz
149:Chinese
141:Italian
133:Spanish
126:Schools
115:eikaiwa
65:eikaiwa
18:Eikaiwa
735:(2000)
728:(2007)
708:(2015)
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216:Canada
210:, the
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153:Korean
151:, and
145:German
137:French
833:Seiha
808:Epion
509:(PDF)
502:(PDF)
226:, or
199:Staff
78:gakkō
54:英会話学校
39:英会話教室
895:MEXT
890:Juku
859:GEOS
818:Nova
813:Gaba
785:Aeon
366:help
328:ISBN
294:ISBN
261:Nova
252:The
177:Nova
169:Aeon
161:GEOS
157:Nova
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