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may be taken to be initiated by infection of epithelial cells of host cecum by sporozoites. The infected fowl passes out oocysts or zygocysts with fecal matter. When their oocysts are swallowed by a new or healthy bird, its gizzard and digestive juices dissolve the cystwall and release sporozoites
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which are morphologically distinguishable. The sporozoites undergo two waves of schizogeny (asexual reproduction) in the crypts and produce many first and second generation merozoites. These merozoites can invade locally and reproduce themselves to produce a smaller variety of schizonts. The
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The chicken ingests the sporozoite where it is stripped of its oocyst wall by abrasion in the gizzard and breakdown in the lumen of the small intestine. The sporozoite then migrates to its preferred site of development (the caeca in the case of
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has a monogenetic life cycle, that is, the life cycle involves a single host. Various stages of its complicated life cycle may conveniently be described under two phases, asexual cycle or
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The unsporulated oocyst is shed from an infected bird in the feces. This exposure to air and moisture triggers meiosis and cell division. After 9–12 hours of sporulation (
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It is the earliest intracellular stage of parasite. It is elongated, slightly curved, microscopic unicellular organism with one end pointed and the other end blunt. The
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Lal, K; Bromley, E; Oakes, R; Prieto, JH; Sanderson, SJ; Kurian, D; Hunt, L; Yates JR, 3rd; Wastling, JM; Sinden, RE; Tomley, FM (October 2009).
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containing reserve food, etc. Penetration of sporozoite into host epithelial cell is facilitated by the lytic secretion stored in
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Stotish, RL; Wang, CC; Hichens, M; VandenHeuvel, WJ; Gale, P (25 January 1976). "Studies of a glycoprotein in the oocysts of
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which enter the host epithelial cells. Within the epithelial cells, the sporozoites grow in size and multiply by schizogony.
447:. It then migrates to the crypt of the villus where it will complete development. There are two generations of schizonts and
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339:; it is extremely host-specific. Acquired via fecal contamination of food and water (oral-fecal route), it undergoes
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are formed. It has completed the sporulation stage after about 24 hours and can now infect a new host.
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life-cycle stages: unsporulated oocyst, sporulated oocyst, sporozoite and second-generation merozoite"
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and sexual cycle involving gametogony. Much of life cycle is intracellular. It is one of seven
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in feces. While no effective treatment exists, the rate of infection can be reduced via
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of parasite. The measurement of body is as 19.5–25 by 16.5–23 micrometer.
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sporozoites are then shed in the feces and the process begins again.
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Gunn, Alan; Pitt, Sarah Jane (2013). "2.6.1. Suborder
Eimeriorina".
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578:(10th ed.). Meerut: Rastogi Publications. pp. 106–110.
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408:parasites that cause avian coccidiosis in poultry.
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481:which help in wriggling movements of organism.
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335:life cycle with the only definitive host as
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549:. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. pp. 50–51.
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460:The beginning of complex life cycle of
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389:drugs and vaccination of baby chicks.
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547:Parasitology: An Integrated Approach
47:adding citations to reliable sources
665:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
570:Kotpal, R.L. (2009). "Chapter 11:
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16:Species of single-celled organism
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323:. It is found worldwide.
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456:Infection by sporozoites
312:that causes hemorrhagic
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412:Acquiring the infection
620:10.1002/pmic.200900305
495:endoplasmic reticulum
418:asexual reproduction
348:crypts of Lieberkuhn
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331:This species has a
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
806:Conoidasida
425:sporozoites
368:macrogamete
364:microgamete
327:Description
317:coccidiosis
226:Conoidasida
216:Apicomplexa
800:Categories
608:Proteomics
529:References
469:Sporozoite
449:merozoites
445:enterocyte
431:Schizogony
402:schizogony
393:Life cycle
352:gametogony
341:endogenous
333:monoxenous
246:Eimeriidae
69:newspapers
503:lysosomes
499:ribosomes
483:Cytoplasm
406:protozoan
319:in young
264:Species:
206:Alveolata
167:Eukaryota
99:June 2017
714:Wikidata
638:19795439
517:See also
511:roptries
507:vacuoles
475:pellicle
344:merogony
337:chickens
242:Family:
212:Phylum:
163:Domain:
747:8595406
720:Q604561
629:2947549
422:haploid
379:oocysts
372:zygotes
358:of the
346:in the
321:poultry
309:Eimeria
257:Eimeria
252:Genus:
232:Order:
222:Class:
83:scholar
783:775246
767:NZOR:
677:812870
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442:villus
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314:cecal
200:Clade
187:Clade
174:Clade
90:JSTOR
76:books
760:5802
755:NCBI
742:GBIF
673:PMID
652:link
634:PMID
580:ISBN
551:ISBN
505:and
366:and
62:news
729:AFD
669:251
663:".
624:PMC
616:doi
574:".
354:in
193:SAR
45:by
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