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480:
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209:, but with some limitations on his detailed vision. The Gdud began this settlement near the Ain Jalut which was known to Jews as Ein Harod. Yehuda Kopolevitz Almog, one of the Gdud's leaders, describes that in the first day the settlers set up tents and began enclosing their camp with barbwire and defensive trenches. The group began to farm land which the
291:, next to Tel Yosef and thus the settlement at the spring was abandoned. Two-thirds of the group are believed to have resettled at Tel Yosef. While it's sometimes considered that Ein แธคarod was founded in 1921 and Tel Yosef in 1923, together they formed one farming unit. The spring continued to be used as a camp site for the pioneers of
247:
A young Jewish engineer arrived, explaining the major and minor canals of the valley. A team of surveyors then designated which major and minor canals would be dug. The canals were then dug by the Labor
Brigade pioneers. Clay pipes are laid that absorb the infested waters of the marshes. The draining
563:
is one of the first art museums in Israel. The museum was founded in 1937 as an "art corner" during the early years of the kibbutz in the belief that culture and art were among the essential components of a society. The artworks were initially displayed in the art studio owned by Haim Atar, a small
730:, Rona Yona, pages 9-43, 16 Mar 2012, "Hakibbutz Hame'uhad was established only in 1927, and was active at the time under the name Kibbutz Ein Harod, established in 1923 as a national organization of communes in agricultural settlements and communes of hired workers in cities and orchards."
136:
In 1921, when the land was sold by the
Sursocks, the nine families who lived here petitioned the new British administration for perpetual ownership, but were only offered a short lease with an option to buy, and the land was instead acquired by the Jewish community as part of the
340:
427:
Ein Harod became the organizational headquarters of the movement. In 1926, during a breakup of the Gdud HaAvoda along ideological faultlines separating the
Marxists from the more moderate leftists, Ein Harod and Tel Yosef ceased their close cooperation.
328:
271:. Disagreements on funds and internal politics have led Ein Harod and Tel Yosef to part ways in 1923, with many members leaving the former for the latter. The group that remained in Ein Harod included 110 members and was headed by Lavi,
575:, was inaugurated in 1948. During construction of the museum, the 1952 Mapai/Mapam split happened, but the museum was preserved as the joint institution for the split kibbuzim. The museum was declared as a "heritage site" by the
376:
19:
352:
316:
576:
1381:
1376:
740:
Ruth Kark (2017). "Consequences of the
Ottoman Land Law: Agrarian and Privatization Processes in Palestine, 1858โ1918". In Raghubir Chand, Etienne Nel and Stanko Pelc (ed.).
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205:", a settlement consisting of several farms spread on vast terrain with both agriculture and industry. His plan was approved by the
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157:
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978:
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217:, in the eastern part of the Jezreel Valley. The Gdud members worked here at draining the swamps, a permanent source of
775:
The Arab settlement of Late
Ottoman and Mandatory Palestine: New Village Formation and Settlement Fixation, 1871-1948
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1001:
904:
206:
867:
848:
443:
In 1930, when the collective moved to a permanent location at the foot of Kumi Hill, the kibbutz had 239 members.
404:
In 1924, the Ein Harod group was joined by members of the
Havurat HaEmek group. In 1925, under the leadership of
133:, which had bought the land from the Ottoman government in 1872 and who established a small village in the area.
899:
Kenneth W. Stein (1980). "Legal
Protection and Circumvention of Rights for Cultivators in Mandatory Palestine".
303:
114:
1084:
645:
541:
582:
995:
718:, Galia Bar Or, 2016, "...Ein Harod, the birthplace of the largest kibbutz movement, the Kibbutz Meuhad."
612:
560:
89:
388:
283:. The group at Ein Harod continued to get little support from the Zionist organizations and after the
1282:
828:
454:
284:
565:
307:
106:
47:
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280:
908:
744:. Perspectives on Geographical Marginality. Springer International Publishing. pp. 101โ119.
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938:
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264:
259:, a school for learning Hebrew was set up in the camp. In December 1921, a second farm called
138:
716:
The
Founding Contexts of Kibbutz Museums and the Case of the Mishkan Museum of Art, Ein Harod
745:
653:
629:
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272:
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81:
62:
179:"Work Battalion", at a time when their road work was decreasing, set up a work camp in the
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31:
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houses a collection of archaeology and artifacts related to local history of the area.
432:
276:
184:
126:
450:, known by the Jews of the era as "the disturbances," during which it was the base of
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879:
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In 1952, in the wake of ideological differences between supporters of the two main
474:
451:
408:, Ein Harod became the center of countrywide kibbutz movement joined by members of
292:
237:
192:
188:
180:
176:
169:
50:'s kibbutz movement, hosting the headquarters of the largest kibbutz organisation,
43:
1140:
287:, the members chose to move their camp from the area of the spring to the hill of
728:
A kibbutz in the diaspora: The pioneer movement in Poland and the
Klosova kibbutz
749:
666:
617:
248:
project dried the swamps, largely eliminating the mosquitoes and the scourge of
198:
125:
In the early 20th century the spring and the surrounding area were owned by the
552:
912:
601:
241:
1332:
1319:
505:
260:
58:
1264:
Small Israel travel guide: Modern Places in Israel with
Biblical references
446:
The village played an important role in the defence of the area during the
229:
1261:
564:
wooden hut. A new, imposing, museum building, designed by an architect
458:
249:
218:
149:
39:
489:
477:
occupied the kibbutz by force. By 1947 it had a population of 1,120.
296:
224:
The first 74 members pioneers were split into two groups. One of the
202:
130:
1031:
Neither Town Nor Village - the Architecture of the Kibbutz 1910-1990
492:
was also established near to the spring for Jewish immigrants from
626:(1900โ1973), founding member; Hebrew author, translator and editor
551:
533:
521:
513:
509:
493:
479:
462:
409:
288:
268:
256:
214:
168:
The kibbutz was founded in 1921 by Russian Jewish pioneers of the
145:
85:
18:
777:. PhD Thesis, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. pp. 155, 185.
692:
Becoming Israeli: National Ideals and Everyday Life in the 1950s
461:
had a small prison there in which they detained members of the
117:, which arguably saved the Mamluk sultanate from annihilation.
191:. In 1921, 35 young people from the Gdud pitched tents at the
148:
Bloc" after a nearby Arab village, the area was bought by the
632:(1888โ1971), founding member; Zionist activist and politician
84:. It was built on land formerly belonging to the villages of
240:. In the first months, the settlers sowed fields, planted a
1058:(in Hebrew). Tel Aviv: Mapa Publishing. pp. 414โ415.
201:, among the leaders of the Gdud, had envisioned the "Big
1033:(in Hebrew). Israel: Yad Yitzhak Tabenkin. p. 101.
435:
performed for the pioneers at a concert in the kibbutz.
267:) was established by members of the Gdud on the hill of
76:
then known in Arabic as Ain Jalut, "Spring of Goliath",
835:. Jerusalem: Hamadpis Liphshitz Press. pp. 36โ37.
516:, the kibbutz split, creating two separate kibbutzim:
299:
before their departure to their permanent locations.
577:
Council for Conservation of Heritage Sites in Israel
1262:
Between Jerusalem and the Sea of Galilee (Kinneret)
61:, and in 1952 the rest of the community split into
1119:. Israel: Ministry of Defense. 2005. p. 202.
789:
742:Societies, Social Inequalities and Marginalization
620:, founding member; Zionist activist and politician
431:On 17 April 1926, the Jewish American violinist,
113:suffered their first defeat at the hands of the
1185:. Spiegel & Grau. pp. 44, 45, 46, 47.
105:The original kibbutz was located near the 1260
868:"Gedud ha-Avodah", Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2008
997:The Hope Fulfilled: The Rise of Modern Israel
370:Ein Harod constructing armoured vehicles 1938
57:In 1923 part of the community split off into
8:
958:The Founding Myths of Israel, Zeev Sternhell
870:, The Gale Group, via Jewish Virtual Library
851:, The Gale Group, via Jewish Virtual Library
695:. Brandeis University Press. pp. 160โ.
684:
682:
1232:"Labour village on the foothills of Gilboa"
1079:Yossi Buchman and Yitzhak Gal, ed. (2001).
310:, Ein Harod had a population of 244 Jews.
46:. Founded in 1921, it became the center of
1382:1930 establishments in Mandatory Palestine
1377:1921 establishments in Mandatory Palestine
844:
842:
823:
821:
819:
817:
252:. In their place fertile fields emerged.
863:
861:
859:
857:
556:Ein Harod Art Museum, inaugurated in 1948
849:"Tel Yosef", Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2008
1210:. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. p. 51.
973:. Spiegel & Grau. pp. 39, 40.
678:
469:. However, on 29 June 1946, as part of
312:
213:had purchased from the Arab village of
1372:Jewish villages in Mandatory Palestine
1160:. Trafford Publishing. pp. 168โ.
924:
922:
650:(1902โ1953), painter, founding member
540:. Today both kibbutzim belong to the
244:grove, paved roads and dried swamps.
7:
1367:Populated places established in 1930
1362:Populated places established in 1921
35:
1056:Mapa's concise gazetteer of Israel
448:1936โ1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
211:Palestine Land Development Company
158:Palestine Land Development Company
14:
1306:Railway station near Ein Harod,
901:Palestinian Society and Politics
387:
375:
363:
351:
339:
327:
315:
16:Agricultural community in Israel
183:, the eastern extension of the
121:Ottoman era and British Mandate
609:(1934โ2014), military commando
400:Leadership of Kibbutz movement
334:Ein Harod railway station 1925
163:
72:It was named after the nearby
1:
1251:About Ein Harod Museum of Art
1240:(in Hebrew). 1 December 1949.
1081:New Israel Guide: The Valleys
889:Gems in Israel, February 2004
796:. Transaction Books. p.
689:Helman, Anat (22 July 2014).
484:25th anniversary celebrations
1054:Yuval El'azari, ed. (2005).
526:Ihud HaKvutzot veHaKibbutzim
164:The kibbutz's first location
750:10.1007/978-3-319-50998-3_8
308:British Mandate authorities
1398:
1002:Greenwood Publishing Group
905:Princeton University Press
792:The Claim of Dispossession
207:World Zionist Organization
1141:"Palestine Census (1922)"
1117:Israel - Sites and Places
833:Jewish Villages in Israel
306:conducted in 1922 by the
236:, and the other from the
1157:Holocaust and Redemption
488:In 1949, the village of
175:In 1921, members of the
109:, a battle in which the
107:battlefield of Ayn Jalut
42:in northern Israel near
1357:Gilboa Regional Council
1278:Museum of Art Ein Harod
929:Zeev Aner, ed. (1998).
773:Seth Frantzman (2010).
542:United Kibbutz Movement
420:, forming the basis of
394:Kibbutz Ein Harod, 1949
23:Kibbutz Ein Harod, 1939
1085:Keter Publishing House
1029:Freddy Kahana (2011).
557:
485:
346:Kibbutz Ein Harod 1926
24:
1333:32.56028ยฐN 35.39083ยฐE
1206:Silver, Eric (1984).
994:Leslie Stein (2003).
935:Ministry of Defensive
933:(in Hebrew). Israel:
788:Arieh Avneri (1984).
656:, professor of botany
613:Dorothea Krook-Gilead
561:Mishkan Museum of Art
555:
483:
22:
1181:Shavit, Ari (2013).
969:Shavit, Ari (2013).
937:. pp. 176โ177.
829:Jewish National Fund
583:Beit Shturman Museum
455:Special Night Squads
285:1929 Palestine riots
228:, former members of
80:as "Ein Harod", now
1329: /
1154:Alon, Mati (2003).
1089:Ministry of Defense
48:Mandatory Palestine
1338:32.56028; 35.39083
1208:Begin, A Biography
885:2007-10-08 at the
558:
538:HaKibbutz HaMeuhad
532:, affiliated with
530:Ein Harod (Meuhad)
520:, affiliated with
486:
439:Permanent location
422:HaKibbutz HaMeuhad
67:Ein Harod (Meuhad)
52:HaKibbutz HaMeuhad
25:
1167:978-1-4120-0358-2
1093:Yedioth Aharonoth
1040:978-965-282-107-2
1000:. United States:
931:Sipurei Kibbutzim
880:Ein Harod Meuchad
759:978-3-319-50997-6
702:978-1-61168-557-2
536:and belonging to
524:and belonging to
500:Ideological split
265:Joseph Trumpeldor
187:, at the foot of
139:Sursock Purchases
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