530:
473:. The similarity was significant enough to mean that they were both routinely monitored and considered equally suspicious by the authorities. The two parties were vying for the same audience among the working class, and they were doing so simultaneously with several more moderate liberal organizations. The critical distinction among all the groups' positions was their level of commitment to the right to
324:. The VDAV did its best to ignore the political agitation of Lassalle's much smaller yet more active ADAV. The Lassalleans were seen as insufficiently committed to basic economic matters. Much of their political appeal was based on what socialists considered to be an alarming militancy in support of
753:
Blackbourn, p. 169. "There was heavy, one-sided state intervention in the many strikes of the 1860s and early 1870s, and official suspicion was always latent. It was directed at unions, friendly societies and educational associations, even those that formally eschewed politics, as well as the two
455:
from 2 October 1869 to 23 September 1876. The party did not yet have its own printers, but
Liebknecht was ambitious in his efforts to promote its publications on a wide scale as educational tools for workers. Although most issues of
460:
were primarily composed of incendiary writing about the German political situation, Liebknecht attempted as much as possible to include essays on political theory, transcripts of academic lectures and even some popular fiction.
399:
by most observers although that term was somewhat amorphous during Marx's lifetime. The party was described as such mainly because of its IWA membership and
Liebknecht's close personal relationship with Marx.
272:
of the 19th century. It officially existed under the name SDAP for only six years (1869–1875). However, through name changes and political partnerships, its lineage can be traced to the present-day
545:
Though the SDAP dissolved after a brief lifespan of just six years, it was an essential catalyst in creating the first significant labor party in
Germany. After World War II, members of the SPD in
1258:
754:
working-class parties founded in the 1860s – Ferdinand
Lassalle's General Union of German Workers (1863) and the Social Democratic Workers' Party of August Bebel and Wilhelm Liebknecht."
289:
The SDAP was one of the earliest organizations to arise from German workers' unionizing activity, but it was not the first. At the group's founding in 1869, the fast-growing
1586:
578:
485:
The competition between moderate and radical factions reached a boiling point when SDAP and
Lassalle's ADAV finally merged to form a united front. In a convention at
360:, the VDAV activists founded the Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) on 7–9 August 1869. The Eisenachers, as they came to be called, were under the leadership of
1551:
320:
The largest group by far was the VDAV. Through the 1860s, it remained mostly apolitical, dedicated to pocketbook matters and fully integrated with the paradigms of
1561:
1299:
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178:
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846:
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of 1878. Under proscription, the party's members continued to organize successfully. After the ban was lifted in 1890, it renamed itself the
1267:
206:
1482:
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534:
515:
273:
114:
1110:
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1005:
705:
375:
had a significant personal influence upon the newly formed party, being a friend and mentor to both Bebel and
Liebknecht. Marx and
995:
344:(founded in 1868), while others were ready to abandon the VDAV structure altogether and establish a more radical political party.
1449:
1412:
554:
529:
1359:
341:
1186:
1144:
1082:
977:
946:
915:
887:
856:
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340:
helped politicize large elements of the previously unmoved VDAV. Some followed
Sonnemann to the new moderately socialist
1515:
1459:
812:
523:
143:
1384:
1487:
1389:
1039:
550:
246:
1444:
506:
Despite its relatively moderate stance, the SAPD organization was deemed subversive and officially banned by the
1369:
433:
The party press was a vital element of the SDAP's political strategy. The party's newspaper was first called
1510:
1505:
1454:
1439:
1431:
1364:
1236:
497:
largely satisfied the conventioneers, the new policies were denounced by Marx himself in the scathing essay
104:
1497:
1417:
1322:
337:
250:
1349:
1332:
1314:
294:
566:
469:
Despite their differences, the SDAP and
Lassalle's ADAV shared a largely identical interpretation of
404:
211:
156:
152:
1477:
1404:
1212:
744:
Lindemann, p. 105. "The
Eisenacher idea of socialism differed little from that of the Lassalleans."
511:
415:), which could align private co-operatives with state organisations. The party primarily supported
321:
297:
had already established several notable associations for workers' advocacy. Chief among these were
239:
201:
361:
333:
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306:
168:
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58:
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1001:
973:
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883:
852:
408:
380:
298:
1136:
1100:
1043:
268:, the SDAP was one of the first political organizations established among the nascent German
1068:
963:
873:
842:
557:. Throughout its 41-year rule, the party paid regular tribute to its Marxist progenitor. In
376:
526:, the SPD, a direct descendant of the small SDAP, had become the largest party in Germany.
489:
in 1875, the new fusion party was renamed the
Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (German:
1102:
After Marx, Before Lenin: Marxism and Socialist Working-Class Parties in Europe, 1884–1914
329:
242:
227:
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701:
932:
443:
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133:
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290:
261:
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558:
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365:
54:
49:
815:[SPD Party Principles and Policies] (in German). SPD. 2012. Archived from
967:
936:
905:
877:
597:
Sometimes translated as Social Democratic Labor Party of Germany. See Lindemann
562:
269:
848:
Between reform and revolution: German socialism and communism from 1840 to 1990
1168:
907:
The people's stage in Imperial Germany: social democracy and culture 1890-1914
816:
420:
1276:
1196:
470:
372:
1222:
1015:
17:
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era. It still traces its lineage back to the SDAP at Gotha and Eisenach.
353:
257:
452:
411:
of later decades. The party platform called for a free people's state (
396:
148:
357:
528:
486:
735:
Bonnell, p. 37. "...oth groups had ideologically much in common."
419:
as the utility by which workers could prosper in the context of
383:
and welcomed them (as far as German law would allow) into their
1240:
332:. They displayed a discomfiting closeness to the militaristic
191:
451:) and was edited by Liebknecht. The paper was published in
879:
History of Germany, 1780-1918: the long nineteenth century
260:
in 1869, the SDAP endured through the early years of the
1300:
Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD)
1135:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. p.
403:
The true nature of Eisenacher Marxism was closer to
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120:
110:
100:
82:
64:
48:
32:
1305:Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany (MSPD)
1290:Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany (SDAP)
1179:The question of nationalities and social democracy
1128:
1031:
997:August Bebel, shadow emperor of the German workers
702:"Encyclopedia of Marxism: Glossary of Periodicals"
579:History of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
1174:Die Nationalitätenfrage und die Sozialdemokratie
1000:. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society.
336:. Eventually, the sundry turmoil created by the
232:Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands
1105:. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
665:
663:
661:
1252:
565:and continues to wield vast influence in the
8:
1030:Marx, Karl (1994). Lawrence H. Simon (ed.).
615:(also SAPD) which existed from 1931 to 1945.
131:
125:
301:'s Assembly of German Worker Associations (
224:Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany
1337:
1285:General German Workers' Association (ADAV)
1259:
1245:
1237:
491:Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands
29:
1587:Political parties disestablished in 1875
1295:Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)
972:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
762:
760:
1211:Marx, Karl; Engels, Friedrich (1970) .
633:
631:
629:
625:
549:were compelled to join forces with the
522:, SPD) and surged at the polls. By the
520:Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands
1552:Political parties of the German Empire
938:A History of Modern Germany, 1800–2000
385:International Workingmen's Association
179:International Workingmen's Association
1562:Political parties established in 1869
1181:] (in German). Vienna: I. Brand.
7:
1577:Social democratic parties in Germany
1557:Defunct socialist parties in Germany
315:Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein
613:Socialist Workers' Party of Germany
311:General German Workers' Association
1582:Social Democratic Party of Germany
516:Social Democratic Party of Germany
274:Social Democratic Party of Germany
115:Social Democratic Party of Germany
25:
1567:1875 disestablishments in Germany
1488:German Social Reform Party (DSRP)
1385:National-Social Association (NSV)
1074:Party politics in the new Germany
708:from the original on 15 July 2018
303:Verband Deutscher Arbeitervereine
1395:Progressive People's Party (FVP)
1375:Free-minded People's Party (FVP)
561:, the SPD became one of the two
1445:German Conservative Party (DkP)
1370:German Free-minded Party (DFsP)
1355:Democratic People's Party (DVP)
1217:. Moscow: Progress Publishers.
1214:Critique of the Gotha Programme
1077:. London; Herndon, VA: Pinter.
969:A History of European Socialism
941:. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
882:. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
1572:1869 establishments in Germany
1516:Bavarian Peasants' League (BB)
994:Maehl, William Harvey (1980).
813:"SPD Partei Grundsatzprogramm"
493:, SAPD). Though the resultant
395:The SDAP was typically deemed
379:steered the party toward more
27:Political party in Germany
1:
1511:German-Hanoverian Party (DHP)
1440:Free Conservative Party (FKP)
606:
592:
500:Critique of the Gotha Program
1460:Conservative Party (Prussia)
1450:Christian Social Party (CSP)
1418:Imperial Liberal Party (LRP)
1413:National Liberal Party (NLP)
1360:German People's Party (DtVP)
1270:until the end of World War I
1268:Political parties in Germany
611:Not to be confused with the
1350:German Progress Party (DFP)
330:question of Greater Germany
42:Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands
1603:
1099:Steenson, Gary P. (1991).
1040:Hackett Publishing Company
435:Demokratisches Wochenblatt
322:liberal economic interests
247:North German Confederation
127:Demokratisches Wochenblatt
1483:German Social Party (DSP)
1478:German Reform Party (DRP)
1127:Turk, Eleanor L. (1999).
845:; Weitz, Eric D. (1998).
391:Platform and organisation
197:
175:International affiliation
37:Workers' Party of Germany
904:Bonnell, Andrew (2005).
1455:German Fatherland Party
910:. London: I.B. Tauris.
766:Barclay, Weitz, p. 122.
637:Barclay, Weitz, p. 121.
439:Democratic Weekly Paper
371:The political theorist
352:Meeting in the city of
338:German unification wars
164:Political position
88:; 149 years ago
70:; 155 years ago
1380:Free-minded Union (FV)
1323:Centre Party (Zentrum)
1131:The History of Germany
537:
231:
132:
126:
1390:Democratic Union (DV)
775:Marx (Simon), p. 315.
555:Socialist Unity Party
532:
342:German People's Party
295:Industrial Revolution
1547:Communism in Germany
1506:Saxon People's Party
1069:Roberts, Geoffrey K.
964:Lindemann, Albert S.
405:democratic socialism
157:Democratic socialism
105:Saxon People's Party
726:Bonnell, pp. 39–40.
533:Logo of the modern
512:Anti-Socialist Laws
264:. Often termed the
202:Politics of Germany
40:Sozialdemokratische
1365:Liberal Union (LV)
669:Lindemann, p. 104.
567:post-reunification
538:
449:The People's State
362:Wilhelm Liebknecht
334:Kingdom of Prussia
326:German nationalism
307:Ferdinand Lassalle
59:Wilhelm Liebknecht
1534:
1533:
1426:
1425:
1034:Selected Writings
874:Blackbourn, David
843:Barclay, David E.
465:Congress at Gotha
409:communist parties
381:Marxian socialism
299:Leopold Sonnemann
240:Marxist socialist
220:
219:
207:Political parties
153:Marxist socialism
35:Social Democratic
16:(Redirected from
1594:
1405:National liberal
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1038:. Indianapolis:
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704:. Marxists.org.
694:
688:
685:
679:
676:
670:
667:
656:
655:Steenson, p. 58.
653:
647:
646:Kitchen, p. 102.
644:
638:
635:
610:
596:
413:freier Volkstaat
377:Friedrich Engels
190:
138:
137:
129:
111:Merged into
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30:
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1162:Further reading
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933:Kitchen, Martin
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894:
892:
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863:
861:
859:
841:
838:
833:
832:
822:
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819:on 6 March 2015
811:
810:
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802:Maehl, p. viii.
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687:Bonnell, p. 39.
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678:Bonnell, p. 37.
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350:
287:
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243:political party
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101:Split from
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1342:Social liberal
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784:Roberts, p. 6.
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1526:Danish Party
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1432:Conservative
1289:
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851:. Berghahn.
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817:the original
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553:to form the
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270:labor unions
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55:August Bebel
1498:Regionalist
1470:Antisemitic
1169:Bauer, Otto
348:Eisenachers
266:Eisenachers
256:Founded in
251:unification
1541:Categories
1188:0816632650
1146:031330274X
1084:1855673118
1042:. p.
979:0300032463
948:1405100419
917:1850437955
889:063123196X
858:1571811206
823:18 January
620:References
510:under the
421:capitalism
18:Eisenacher
1277:Socialist
471:socialism
407:than the
373:Karl Marx
317:, ADAV).
212:Elections
169:Left-wing
121:Newspaper
83:Dissolved
1315:Catholic
1197:45015748
1171:(1907).
1071:(1997).
966:(1984).
935:(1975).
876:(2003).
706:Archived
700:(2008).
573:See also
503:(1875).
354:Eisenach
328:and the
258:Eisenach
238:) was a
144:Ideology
93:May 1875
86:May 1875
1333:Liberal
1223:3207214
1016:7272323
453:Leipzig
397:Marxist
387:(IWA).
293:of the
280:Origins
276:(SPD).
249:during
245:in the
149:Marxism
91: (
73: (
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541:Legacy
475:strike
358:Saxony
228:German
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185:Colors
50:Leader
1228:6 May
1202:6 May
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1152:6 May
1118:6 May
1090:6 May
1059:6 May
1021:6 May
985:6 May
954:6 May
923:6 May
895:6 May
864:6 May
712:6 May
599:et al
585:Notes
487:Gotha
1230:2013
1219:OCLC
1204:2013
1193:OCLC
1183:ISBN
1154:2013
1141:ISBN
1120:2013
1107:ISBN
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1012:OCLC
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853:ISBN
825:2016
714:2013
364:and
236:SDAP
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356:in
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