677:
Cuauhtémoc, Endotejiare, La
Jordana, La Magdalena Morelos, La Mesa, La Nopalera, La Palma, Presa Brockman, Pueblo Nuevo de los Ángeles, San Nicolás Tultenango, Santa Rosa de Lima, Ejido Santiago Oxtempan, Santiago Oxtempan, Tapaxco, Santa Cruz el Tejocote (El Tejocote), Estación Tultenango (Tultenango), Venta del Aire, Yomeje, Cerro Llorón, Barrio del Gigante, El Mogote, San Isidro Ejido de Tapaxco, El Libramiento (Cerro de Estrellita), Barrio de las Peñitas, San Nicolás el Oro (San Nicolás), Santa Rosa de Guadalupe, Ex-hacienda de Santo Domingo Tultenango, La Soledad, Jales Tiro México, El Carmen, Laguna Seca, Loma del Capulín, Lázaro Cárdenas, Llanito Cuatro, Colonia Monte Alto and La Loma de la Cima. The municipality has a total area of 137.86 km2.
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628:, or alcoholic drink taken after meals. It was most in demand with miners from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century. This drink was thought to calm nerves and promote the health of the miners. It was invented by Jacobita Galán Archundia, owner of a bar, who infused medicinal herbs into alcohol. The recipe varies with every family and establishment that makes it, and each is jealously guarded. It is typically prepared with the herbs
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684:, like the rest of the municipalities in the country have been since 1820. City councils existed at both Tapaxco and El Oro in the 1820s and the municipality has held both names. The determination to make El Oro the seat and the name of the municipality was made in the very early 1900s. It is located in the Sierra Madre Occidental, in the Tlalpujahua range, which extends into Temascalcingo and
458:
49:
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585:, rail line leading here was created for the mines, but the trains carried both cargo and passengers. The first owner of the line was Manning Gold Company. The rail line was completed in 1860, but the station was completed in 1899. To the side of the station is an antique rail car which contains a restaurant, which contains a collection of photographs from the town's mining heyday.
688:. "La Somera" is the highest peak at 3,200 meters located next to the town of El Oro. The municipality has 36 springs, seven natural deep wells, 54 arroyos, 18 dams and five aqueducts. The main river here is called "El Oro" or "San Juan" which flows through a canyon between the La Somera and San Nicolas mountains. Its flow varies greatly between the rainy and dry seasons.
469:. There are conflicting stories as to how the town was founded. One version states that it was founded by the Mondragón family, guided by a child who showed them where he grazed his flock. Here someone in the family noticed something shiny among the rocks, which turned out to be quartz containing gold, indicating the vein that would be named after the family.
100:
70:
500:, El Oro mines had been productive but they were mostly shut down during the war. By 1825, most mining here was in English hands. This led to a significant population of foreigners here, mostly English and French, who influenced the town's culture. This would eventually lead to the building of the municipal palace and the Juárez Theater with
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municipal seat. Since the end of mining in the area, areas outside the town have turned to logging, stonework and crafts. More recently, a tourism trade is being developed to take advantage of the natural surroundings of the area as well as the interesting architectural features that can be found in the towns of the municipality.
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The
Brockman Dam is located about 4 km south of the town of El Oro on the road to Villa Victoria. It was built by Guillermo Brockman to act as a reservoir for water for the mines and homes of El Oro and Tlalpujahua. Today, it is promoted as an ecotourism spot for camping, picnicking and rainbow
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In 1926, a number of mines, including El Oro Mining and
Railway Co., La Esperanza Mining and others, began to cut back production, stating that the deposits were tapped out. The situation worsened when the mining companies where expropriated from their English owners in 1937. Soon the only operating
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hired engineer Manuel Agustín Mascaró to plan out the community, which was centered just northeast of where the downtown is now. The town had become an important source of gold and silver in late colonial times, but there were problems with supplying food and other needs due to the rocky terrain. El
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The Mining Museum depicts El Oro's history as one of the country's most productive mining area, starting from the 17th century to the first half of the 20th. The museum is located at a former mine shaft, with a collection of photographs from the La
Esperanza, La Provedenica, La Descubridora and Dos
525:
is the seat of government for both the town and the surrounding municipality. The first palace was built in 1829 of wood and nicknamed "The White House." The current one was inaugurated in 1910. This municipal palace is distinctive for it combination of
Neoclassic and Art Nouveau designs. This is a
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property. In 1793, the mining community was given municipality status and authority over the neighboring communities of
Tapaxco, San Nicolás, Santiago Oxtempan, Santa Rosa, Hacienda La Jordana, Hacienda Venta del Aire and Hacienta Tultenango. It also gained rights to regulate all mineral extraction
408:
to the west. As of 2005, the municipal seat with the formal name of El Oro de
Hidalgo had a population of 5,797, and the municipality of El Oro had a population of 31,847. While the settlement made its name as a major gold- and silver-mining town from the 17th to the early 20th centuries, the mines
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As municipal seat, the town of El Oro de
Hidalgo is the governing authority for the following communities: Adolfo López Mateos, Ejido San Nicolás el Oro (Agua Escondida), Bassoco de Hidalgo, Buenavista (Buenavista Tapaxco), Citeje, Concepción Primera, La Concepción (La Concepción Segunda), Colonia
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designs. Foreign investment here reached its peak near the end of the 19th century into the early 20th century, introducing new technologies, such as a rail line, and electricity. These were introduced primarily in the town of El Oro, which began to establish it as the primary center over
Tapaxco.
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first populated this area, migrating from the north. One of these migrations is documented in the Annals of
Cuauhtitlán, which occurred in 538 AD, when five tribes headed by Ehécatl, Coahuatzin, Mazacóatl, Otzihuacoatl and Tlalpanhuitz y Huitz, with Mazacóatl leading them. The first populations
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About 37% of the land in the municipality is dedicated to farming, but generally these are small plots with crops for local use. Some livestock is also raised here, primarily for dairy and pork products. There is some small light industry here as well as commerce, which is concentrated in the
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Furthering its importance was the discovery of the Esperanza vein, which greatly increased the town's population. El Oro was declared the head of the municipality by two decrees, one issued in 1901 and the other in 1902, giving it the town official name of El Oro de Hidalgo.
431:, Endotejiare, Tultenango and Santiago Oxtempan, all of which are in the current municipality of El Oro. Initially, the Mazahuas were hunter-gatherers but dedicated themselves to agriculture and fishing as well as hunting, as the Mazahua-populated region became dominated the
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mine was one called Dos Estrellas, located between El Oro and Tlalpujahua, which subsequently closed in 1958. In the mid-20th century, El Oro was left with only 2,500 residents. Since that time, the town's economy has turned to commerce, light industry, and handcrafts.
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appear here from November to March. The Sanctuary has rustic lodgings as well as restaurants, horse rentals, trained guides and handcraft vendors. The sanctuary also has educational programs designed to promote the conservation of the monarch butterfly.
538:, courtyard and "Salon de Cabildos" or Delegation Hall is Art Nouveau in design. Just about the whole building is in its original condition. On either side of the main entrance, there is a mural by Manuel D´Rugama called "The Genesis of the Miner."
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worked to create mining companies here with investment funds from British sources. One such company, called the Tlalpuajuhua Company revitalized 86 mines in the area. Another important company was the United Mexican Mining Association. Before
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was completed at the very end of the 19th century and inaugurated by President Porfirio Díaz. Its architecture is typical of the time but also shows English influence. Running from here to Tultenango and
454:, gold was being mined and this brought the Spaniards to the area. Some traces of gold were found early in the colonial period, especially in nearby Tapaxco, but the traces were not investigated further.
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and others. The interior is of Moorish design with gilded decorative plant motifs indicative of Art Nouveau. The side booths are done in sculpted wood and stylized lions can be found in the pilasters.
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El Oro was founded in 1787 by miners who bought the land from the Hacienda of Tultenango. El Oro initially belonged to the territory of Ixtlahuaca, but upon discovery of gold, the land became
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It was gold that brought about the settlement and one of the town's early names was El Real de El Oro, which was a mining community under the jurisdiction of
370:. It has subsequently been given an alternative Nahuatl name of "Teocuitlatl", meaning "sacred excrement" (referring to gold). Its seal, in the form of an
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and is of French Neoclassic style. During the height of the town's mining, this theater attracted top-level talent of the early 20th century such as
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and two very local drinks called "sende choo," a fermented corn drink, and"agua de sambumbia," which is made from fermented pineapple husks.
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presidency between the 19th and 20th centuries for French style. The two towers of the palace are of English design. The façade, with its
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Oro's first chapel was built in 1791, but the seat of ecclesiastical power in the area as established in Tapaxco, four years earlier.
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trout fishing. It fairly isolated, surrounded by pines, cedars and a few country residences. There are rustic cabins for rent here.
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There is no post-independence document of the founding the modern municipality of El Oro. Its organization is in accordance of the
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Estrellas mines, during their peak operation. Also on display are mining machinery and mineral samples from the various mines.
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617:. A local sweet is called "cola de macho," which is made from dried fruit and piloncillo sugar. Beverages include
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450:, there was no settlement in what is now the town of El Oro, nor was its gold deposit discovered. In nearby
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636:. However, despite its supposed curative properties, it is now mostly drunk by tourists to the town.
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Near the capital of the municipality is the San José del Rincon Monarch Butterfly Sanctuary. These
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have since been tapped out and the town is turning to tourism for economic development.
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940:"La chiva, bebida minera de El Oro, estado de México, que ha trascendido el tiempo"
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result of the English and French populations as well as the preference during the
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There is also an unexplored archeological site between Endotejiare and Tapaxco.
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Mexico Desconocido Guia Especial:Puebles Con Encanto del Bicentenario
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and then the Aztecs. The last group conquered this area in 1474 by
760:"Enciclopedia de los municipios de Mexico Estado de Mexico El Oro"
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rodeos and horse racing. The other is the feast day of the
962:"Ayuntamiento Constitucional El Oro Mexico Presa Brockman"
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There are two major festivals in the town. The first is
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Twenty two years after the discovery of gold here, the
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A drink peculiar to El Oro is called "chiva". It is a
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The municipality is located in the northwest of the
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822:"Ciudadmexico.com Cercanias El Oro – Tlalpujahua"
605:Typical dishes of this area include red or green
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461:Mural "Genesis of the Miner by Manuel D´Rugama
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868:Quintanar Hinojosa (ed), Beatriz (Sep 2009).
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672:Church of the community of Bassoco de Hidalgo
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1725:Municipality seats in the State of Mexico
938:Villena Esquivel, Oscar (July 10, 2007).
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1710:Populated places in the State of Mexico
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27:Municipality in State of Mexico, Mexico
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244:137.86 km (53.23 sq mi)
1705:Municipalities of the State of Mexico
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228: • Municipal President
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427:settled in communities now known as
231:Gilberto López Martínez (2006–2009)
942:(in Spanish). La Jornada Michoacán
404:to the south, and by the state of
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917:"Patrimonial Ferrocarril: El Oro"
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964:(in Spanish). Archived from
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791:(in Spanish). Archived from
252:2,740 m (8,990 ft)
1620:Valle de Chalco Solidaridad
1435:San Martín de las Pirámides
82:Show map of State of Mexico
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1155:Chalco de Díaz Covarrubias
448:Spanish Conquest of Mexico
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991:El Oro, Pueblo con Encato
262: • Municipality
241: • Municipality
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915:Lopez Juarez, Emma Luz.
609:with turkey or chicken,
1500:Tenancingo de Degollado
1455:Soyaniquilpan de Juárez
1425:San Felipe del Progreso
1190:Coacalco de Berriozábal
398:San Felipe del Progreso
1075:Almoloya de Alquisiras
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366:) means "the gold" in
141:19.80083°N 100.13139°W
1445:San Simón de Guerrero
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335:United Mexican States
298:Postal code (of seat)
1120:Atizapán de Zaragoza
215:Municipality Founded
146:19.80083; -100.13139
18:El Oro, Mexico State
1580:Tlalnepantla de Baz
1430:San José del Rincón
1420:San Antonio la Isla
1350:Naucalpan de Juárez
1225:Ecatepec de Morelos
789:"INEGI Census 2005"
658:Virgin of Guadalupe
402:San José del Rincón
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1080:Almoloya de Juárez
900:has generic name (
682:Cadiz Constitution
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545:The Juárez Theater
517:Points of interest
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312:eloromexico.gob.mx
112:Show map of Mexico
1720:Otomi settlements
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1510:Tenango del Valle
1260:Ixtapan de la Sal
968:on April 21, 2009
572:Old train station
343:El Oro de Hidalgo
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202:El Oro de Hidalgo
16:(Redirected from
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1630:Villa del Carbón
1625:Villa de Allende
1505:Tenango del Aire
1440:San Mateo Atenco
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592:Mining Museum
590:
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578:train station
570:
566:
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559:Enrico Caruso
556:
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528:Porfirio Díaz
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122:Coordinates:
94:
64:
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19:
1665:Zinacantepec
1545:Texcaltitlán
1525:Tepetlaoxtoc
1250:Huixquilucan
1234:
1185:Chimalhuacán
970:. Retrieved
966:the original
956:
944:. Retrieved
933:
921:. Retrieved
919:(in Spanish)
910:
890:cite journal
873:
830:. Retrieved
826:the original
797:. Retrieved
793:the original
768:. Retrieved
764:the original
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563:María Conesa
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498:Independence
493:Lucas Alamán
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346:
342:
319:
318:
291:(US Central)
207:Town Founded
188:Municipality
41:Municipality
1670:Zumpahuacán
1655:Zacazonapan
1575:Tlalmanalco
1550:Texcalyacac
1540:Tequixquiac
1535:Tepotzotlán
1520:Teotihuacán
1480:Temascalapa
1450:Santo Tomás
1395:Otzolotepec
1175:Chicoloapan
1165:Chapultepec
1125:Atlacomulco
898:|last=
697:butterflies
686:Atlacomulco
506:Art Nouveau
452:Tlalpujahua
437:Chichimecas
345:. The name
333:within the
144: /
132:100°07′53″W
1699:Categories
1650:Xonacatlán
1530:Tepetlixpa
1515:Teoloyucan
1410:Polotitlán
1390:Otzoloapan
1370:Nopaltepec
1355:Nextlalpan
1305:Juchitepec
1300:Joquicingo
1295:Jocotitlán
1290:Jiquipilco
1285:Jilotzingo
1270:Ixtlahuaca
1255:Ixtapaluca
1245:Hueypoxtla
1240:Huehuetoca
1210:Cuautitlán
1200:Cocotitlán
1180:Chiconcuac
711:References
650:cockfights
630:prodigiosa
532:balustrade
502:Neoclassic
467:Ixtlahuaca
394:Jocotitlán
322:is one of
257:Population
223:Government
129:19°48′03″N
1660:Zacualpan
1645:Xalatlaco
1610:Tultitlán
1600:Tonanitla
1475:Temamatla
1470:Tejuplico
1405:Papalotla
1375:Ocoyoacac
1325:Malinalco
1280:Jilotepec
1230:Ecatzingo
1205:Coyotepec
1150:Capulhuac
1100:Amecameca
1045:(capital)
882:1870-9419
876:: 16–21.
654:charreada
640:Festivals
441:Axayacatl
406:Michoacán
279:Time zone
249:Elevation
1675:Zumpango
1605:Tultepec
1595:Tonatico
1585:Tlatlaya
1570:Timilpan
1560:Tezoyuca
1460:Sultepec
1320:Luvianos
1275:Jaltenco
1170:Chiautla
1145:Calimaya
1140:Ayapango
1135:Axapusco
1130:Atlautla
1115:Atizapán
1095:Amatepec
1090:Amanalco
870:"El Oro"
770:March 5,
646:Carnival
626:digestif
615:carnitas
611:barbacoa
413:The town
351:Spanish:
1555:Texcoco
1495:Temoaya
1465:Tecámac
1380:Ocuilan
1345:Morelos
1335:Metepec
1065:Acolman
1060:Acambay
601:Cuisine
536:portico
433:Toltecs
429:Tapaxco
418:History
368:Spanish
329:in the
308:Website
288:Central
157:Country
1590:Toluca
1400:Ozumba
1385:Otumba
1310:La Paz
1235:El Oro
1110:Atenco
1105:Apaxco
1070:Aculco
1043:Toluca
972:May 3,
946:May 3,
923:May 3,
880:
832:May 3,
799:May 3,
619:pulque
613:, and
435:, the
386:Toluca
347:El Oro
337:. The
320:El Oro
265:31,847
192:El Oro
169:Mexico
166:
106:El Oro
76:El Oro
34:El Oro
1415:Rayón
1315:Lerma
634:anise
474:Crown
375:glyph
372:Aztec
302:50600
284:UTC-6
273:5,797
176:State
974:2009
948:2009
925:2009
902:help
878:ISSN
834:2009
801:2009
772:2009
632:and
607:mole
576:The
549:The
521:The
504:and
422:The
400:and
236:Area
218:1901
210:1787
324:125
1701::
894::
892:}}
888:{{
872:.
842:^
809:^
780:^
719:^
652:,
561:,
557:,
443:.
1019:e
1012:t
1005:v
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904:)
884:.
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803:.
774:.
349:(
293:)
286:(
20:)
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