293:, the first open pit copper mine in Cuba. It is about 12 miles (19 km) north west of Santiago Bay in the Sierra Maestra mountains. Copper was first mined there in 1532. The Spanish crown confiscated the mines in 1670 after the private contractor had failed to comply with the terms of his contract and had neglected them for years. 270 private slaves became the property of the king, and the town of El Cobre became a pueblo of king's slaves and free coloured people, a unique type of settlement in Cuba. By 1730 El Cobre was one of just fourteen officially recognised settlements on Cuba, of which two or possibly three were Indian corporate pueblos.
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The mine had been abandoned by 1830. The
British El CompañĂa Consolidada de Minas del Cobre (Cobre Mining Company) acquired the mine and reopened it in the early 1830s. An adjacent concession was acquired and opened by the British El Real de Santiago (Royal Santiago Mining Company). Both companies
358:. Profits were initially robust enough that Chanler was able to loan $ 35 million to the Cuban government. The mine was closed in 2001, laying off 325 workers. The quarry filled with water, which is high in minerals, particularly sulphur. Today the town is mainly known for the
313:, or escaped slaves, occurred in Cuba in the 18th century, and is commemorated by a large sculpture on a hill beside the town. The 6 metres (20 ft) Monumento al CimarrĂłn was designed by Alberto Lescay Merencio and completed in 1997 as part of the
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In 1780 an attempt was made to return the mine to private hands and increase production. By that time El Cobre had 1,320 inhabitants, including 64% royal slaves and 34% free coloured people, mostly
304:, while mining was mainly undertaken by the women. For much of this period the Cobre mine was the only source of copper on the island, supplying Cuba and sometimes other places in the Caribbean.
338:
for skilled labour and for steam engines to pump out the mines. A Protestant burial ground was opened since the
Cornish, considered heretics, could not be buried in the Catholic cemetery.
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initiative to make people more aware of slavery. The inconspicuous location on a hill above the mine, was chosen by a local
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descendants of slaves. 2% were the private slaves of the free coloured people. The men were mostly engaged in
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The Virgin, the King and the Royal Slaves of El Cobre: Negotiating
Freedom in Colonial Cuba, 1670-1780
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DĂaz, MarĂa Elena (2006), "Mining Women, Royal Slaves: Copper Mining in
Colonial Cuba, 1670–1780",
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Una revisiĂłn histĂłrica del 24 de
Febrero de 1895 ante el primer centenario de la guerra de Cuba
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Mining Women: Gender in the
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worked by slaves, free coloured people, and for a while by miners from
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BasĂlica
Santuario Nacional de Nuestra Señora de la Caridad del Cobre
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BasĂlica
Santuario Nacional de Nuestra Señora de la Caridad del Cobre
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705:"El Cobre Mine, Sierra Maestra Mts, Santiago de Cuba Province, Cuba"
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The
Cornish Overseas: A History of Cornwall's 'great Emigration'
688:"El Cobre mine might become Santiago de Cuba tourist attraction"
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The town was the location of one of the first uprisings in the
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722:Guillermo Calleja Leal (15 February 1994),
362:, the Sanctuary of the Virgin of Charity.
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665:, Palgrave Macmillan US, pp. 21–39,
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174:169.5 km (65.4 sq mi)
772:The Astor Orphans: A Pride of Lions
449:(Road map of Cuba). Ediciones GEO,
414:(1837-1922), writer and translator
398:) few km east. The state highway "
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811:101 Top Historical Sites of Cuba
711:, Hudson Institute of Mineralogy
650:, Leland Stanford Jr. University
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16:Town in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
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628:The Cornish in Latin America
307:The first great uprising of
791:"Town and Mine of El Cobre"
671:10.1007/978-1-349-73399-6_2
580:Guillermo Calleja Leal 1994
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844:on sacred-destinations.com
641:DĂaz, MarĂa Elena (2000),
447:Mapa de Carreteras de Cuba
348:Cuban War of Independence
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497:El Cobre Mine ... Mindat
382:and 26 kn south of
182:100 m (300 ft)
77:Location of El Cobre in
795:Slavery and Remembrance
768:Thomas, Lately (1971),
742:Payton, Philip (2005),
412:Luisa PĂ©rez de Zambrana
302:subsistence agriculture
108:20.048000°N 75.945000°W
630:, University of Exeter
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113:20.048000; -75.945000
42:Town's view with the
808:Twigg, Alan (2004),
356:Spanish–American War
255:Our Lady of Charity
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850:on accuweather.com
370:Located below the
352:William A. Chanler
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192: • Total
171: • Total
821:978-0-88878-440-7
755:978-1-904880-04-2
680:978-1-349-73399-6
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89:Coordinates:
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46:in background
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285:Colonial era
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155:Municipality
99:75°56′42.0″W
96:20°02′52.8″N
814:, Dundurn,
748:, Dundurn,
592:Thomas 1971
485:Payton 2005
259:copper mine
111: /
858:Categories
827:2016-08-16
801:2016-08-15
761:2016-08-15
735:2016-08-16
715:2016-08-15
697:2016-08-15
654:2016-08-16
634:2016-08-16
604:2114885071
551:Twigg 2004
431:References
334:turned to
310:cimarrones
298:manumitted
291:Cobre mine
251:a Basilica
187:Population
731:, CESEDEN
524:DĂaz 2000
512:DĂaz 2006
392:reservoir
366:Geography
235:town and
218:Area code
201:Time zone
179:Elevation
842:El Cobre
445:Source:
419:See also
336:Cornwall
323:SanterĂa
279:cimarrĂłn
263:Cornwall
229:El Cobre
143:Province
71:El Cobre
44:Basilica
23:El Cobre
624:"Cobre"
616:Sources
453:2011 -
319:babalao
269:History
124:Country
818:
780:
752:
709:Mindat
677:
457:
451:Havana
396:Parada
315:UNESCO
222:+53-22
133:
729:(PDF)
648:(PDF)
321:, or
233:Cuban
231:is a
206:UTC-5
195:7,000
816:ISBN
778:ISBN
750:ISBN
675:ISBN
455:ISBN
166:Area
136:Cuba
79:Cuba
30:Town
667:doi
210:EST
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
