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the once beautiful structure into a horrid eyesore. At one point, some proposed that the Center
Building be used for the Elgin Police Department's new headquarters. However, plans never actually materialized and EPD built a new headquarters in downtown Elgin in 1994. While attempts were made to try the save the structure, it was to no avail. Stalled for demolition in the spring and summer of 1993, the Historic American Buildings Survey team was contacted by the State of Illinois & the City of Elgin to document the building. By fall 1993, the Kirkbride style building was finally razed after standing for 119 years. Throughout the rest of the 1990s and 2000s, most of the former facilities and buildings of the hospital that were located at the northern half of the property were demolished. Most of the old campus was then sold to the City of Elgin for future development. As of 2018, only the Powerhouse which is still in operation, along with the New Administration Building (built in 1967), as well as some of the original asphalt roads, curbs, and sidewalks remain. The old hospital cemetery is kept up well by volunteers and the City of Elgin.
349:, was selected as the architect of the Elgin building. Early bids for the Center Building emerged in 1870. Construction soon began on the North wing of the Kirkbride type structure with the second phase beginning on July 1, 1873. Need for the hospital was sufficiently urgent that the facility opened during construction in 1872, with the North wing completed by that time. Construction continued simultaneously with hospital operations. The building was finally completed on July 30, 1874. As the need arose, expansions were added to the Center Building and other structures were built. The front expanse of the Center Building was just over 776 ft (236.6 m) long and was designed to be narrow in order to offer natural light and ventilation. The building was used until the mid-1970s.
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of the grounds with three wards, a central kitchen, a power plant, a large dairy barn and a water tower. During the 1930s and 1940s the farm not only grew crops such as corn, but also raised 100 to 150 dairy cattle, 500 to 1,500 hogs, and 5,000 chicken at any time. The farm colony housed able-bodied male patients. The farm colony contributed approximately one-third of the total cost of food used at the hospital, which fed both patients and staff. After World War II, the hospital reached its maximum size of 1,139 acres, but later shrunk as a portion of the grounds were assigned to the State
Highway Department for the construction of
337:
location near
Chicago which led to many new and growing towns to compete for the selection of the hospital. To gain this important source of future employment, the City of Elgin sold more than $ 40,000 worth of bonds to purchase 80 acres (32 ha) of land southwest of the city limits and also promised to provide free freight to the site for building materials. After the site was selected in Elgin, a Board of Trustees, primarily consisting of prominent Elgin residents, were appointed to construct and run the new hospital. The Trustees followed the recommendations of the
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detached infirmary building, bringing the total hospital capacity to 1,107 beds. In 1910, a 110-bed infirmary for female patients opened in an addition to the north end of the Center
Building called "D-North" bringing the bed capacity to 1,210. These buildings were replaced in 1921 with the construction of a new general hospital located between the Central Building and the Annex. In 1967, the general hospital was replaced by a new Medical and Surgical Building. The new circular building was designed by
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415:, the federal veteran's bureau contracted with the State of Illinois to erect new buildings on the grounds of the state hospitals to care for veterans. Elgin received the first such building, named Wilson Cottage, which was opened in 1921. The veteran's program was a "hospital within a hospital" with separate federal funding. Elgin State continued to maintain over 400 beds for ex-servicemen through the 1930s.
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Cooking and laundry facilities were provided to employees, but many ate in central staff dining rooms located in the Center
Building and the Staff House. Senior staff had their own dining room on the second floor of the Center Building. The cost of housing, food and laundry was deducted from employee paychecks. In 1965, the hospital began to phase out staff housing, with the last residents departing in 1969.
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830:"not guilty by reason of insanity", and those persons found "unfit to stand trial" but who are required by Illinois law to remain confined in a mental hospital for a period. The hospital also provides mental health inpatient treatment for adults from a specific geographic catchment area and works closely with the community mental health agencies and community hospital psychiatric units in its region.
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430:. These expansions provided a new laundry building as well as additional space for patients. Goldberg's structures are currently not used. Within the next decade, many of the older buildings began to be phased out of use due to a declining population, leading to the closing of the main Center Building in 1973.
482:
The first significant loss of the original campus was in 1972 when the Annex
Building was razed to make way for a more modern facility during a renovation and modernization period. The hospital's Center Building was in serious disrepair by the early 1990s. Years of abandonment and neglect had turned
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to provide meat for the hospital. In 1929, the state purchased the 143-acre (58 ha) farm adjacent to the southwest corner of its grounds, which brought its land area to 817 acres (331 ha) with another 190 acres (77 ha) under lease. The farm was adjacent to McLean Blvd on the west end
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In 1929, the
Illinois State Psychopathic Institute relocated to the grounds of Elgin State, which included schools for nursing, hydrotherapy and occupational therapy. The institute also conducted clinical trials for new drugs. Although the Institute moved to the Medical campus of the University of
371:
The hospital eventually outgrew the
Central Building and the need for more buildings was obvious. The new Annex building was opened in 1891. It featured a variation of the Kirkbride Plan as the base for its design. It was located just south of the Center Building. It added 300 additional beds to the
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The name Elgin State
Hospital was adopted on January 1, 1910, shortly after the administration of all state charitable institutions came under the new Board of Administration, which replaced the previous Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities and the local board of trustees. In 1917, the
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Prior to 1894, many physically ill patients were denied admission to the state hospitals as being too infirm to benefit from care and were kept in local almshouses. However, changes in
Illinois laws required that they be treated by the state hospitals. As a result, in 1894, Wing Hall opened as a
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While most of the complex was demolished and the area is no longer as large as it used to be, the Elgin Mental Health Center today is well and alive as it continues its mission to provide service for mental health. The hospital is primarily used to care for "forensic patients" who have been found
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The hospital attracted staff by offering subsidized housing on its grounds. Both the Central Building and the Annex included staff apartments. Later a separate Nurses' Home, Staff House, Ricketts & Carriel Hall offered staff apartments. There were also at least seven single-family houses.
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in 1851, but the need for two more hospitals serving Northern and Southern Illinois became apparent. The legislature authorized the two new hospitals on April 16, 1869. The result was the establishment of the Northern Illinois Hospital and Asylum for the Insane. The next step was to secure a
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From its founding through the 1960s, the hospital maintained a farm to supply a portion of its food needs. For example, an October 1, 1880 inventory reported 285 hogs, 40 cattle and 26 horses. The original farm was located to the west of the Center Building and Annex. In the 1880s, a
309:. Its maximum population was reached in the mid 1950s with 7,700 patients. Between 1993 and 2008, most of the older buildings in the complex were demolished due to being in poor condition as the result of being abandoned for decades. The site is/was popular among teens and in the
305:. Throughout its history, Elgin's mission has changed. At times, it treated mental illness, tuberculosis, and provided federally funded care for veterans. The hospital's site, which included a patient-staffed farm reached a maximum of 1,139 acres (461 ha) after
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As of the end of fiscal year 2008, Elgin had 759.5 employees and an appropriation of $ 66,251,900. As of 2002, Elgin had 582 beds, 40 physicians, 163 registered nurses, and 67 medical social workers.
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Officially opening its doors on April 3, 1872, as the Northern Illinois Hospital and Asylum for the Insane, it did not take long for the hospital to receive its first criminal patient who was deemed "
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decided that state hospital operations would be consolidated, and closed the hospitals in Manteno and Galesburg with certain patients being transferred to Elgin. In 1987, Illinois and the
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Department of Public Welfare assumed responsibility for Elgin State Hospital and retained control until the creation of the Department of Mental Health in 1961 (L. 1961, p. 2666).
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hospital, a much-needed step due to its growing population. Sister buildings that resembled the Annex at Elgin State were also built at
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Illinois in 1935, its laboratory remained at Elgin State. Further innovations at Elgin came from the pastoral training of its chaplain
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Elgin Mental Health Center also serves as a training site for Psychiatry Residents from Chicago Medical School and Loyola University.
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campus. Nothing much of the farm remains today, an old horse barn still stands on the original grounds.
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Main entrance of the Center Building of the Elgin State Hospital in early 1993, just before demolition
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2018:
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380:. The Annex was closed in 1971 and razed in 1972 to make way for a newer and more modern building.
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entered into a consent decree committing to greater resources at Elgin and improved patient care.
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for the Central Building. Colonel S. V. Shipman, who had designed the main building of the
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world due to its claims of hauntings in the older buildings and the hospital's cemetery.
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862:- founder of "Dr. Bronner's Magic Soaps" company. Escaped from the hospital in 1945.
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In 1975, the hospital changed its name to the present Elgin Mental Health Center.
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Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane
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1524:"On his soapbox: Man of ideas lathered his cleansing product with messages"
515:
Original doors and architectural features still remained during demolition.
341:(AMSAII), in terms of the amount of land required and also by adopting the
1397:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1372:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1344:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1319:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1294:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1269:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1218:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1193:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1168:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1111:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1086:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1061:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1036:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
1011:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
986:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
961:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
936:
The History of Elgin Mental Health Center: Evolution of a State Hospital
426:
Beginning in 1962, a series of expansions were undertaken by architect
596:
Superintendents/Hospital Administrators of Elgin Mental Health Center
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Northern Illinois Hospital and Asylum for the Insane after completion.
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575:
Looking at the start of the South wing from the rear of the building.
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Aerial photo of the main 207-acre campus taken on September 28, 1939
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http://genealogytrails.com/ill/kane/elginstatehospitalcemetery.html
301:) is a mental health facility operated by the State of Illinois in
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Postcard image of the Annex building at Elgin State Hospital.
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in 1889. its first superintendent was Edwin Arius Kilbourne.
277:
Fish, Stephens and Sorenson (Center section and South wing)
16:
Psychiatric hospital in northern Illinois, United States
905:"NORTHERN ILLINOIS HOSPITAL AND ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE"
299:
Northern Illinois Hospital and Asylum for the Insane
52:
Northern Illinois Hospital and Asylum for the Insane
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2252:Buildings and structures in Kane County, Illinois
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551:One of the interior rooms with two patient beds.
1296:. Crossroads Communications. pp. 180â181.
1271:. Crossroads Communications. pp. 176â178.
133:July 1st, 1873 (Central section and South wing)
1399:. Crossroads Communications. pp. 170â71.
1170:. Crossroads Communications. pp. 210â11.
1088:. Crossroads Communications. pp. 162â63.
587:Rear of the center section from the southwest.
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1346:. Crossroads Communications. p. 258.
1321:. Crossroads Communications. p. 253.
1220:. Crossroads Communications. p. 165.
1195:. Crossroads Communications. p. 236.
1113:. Crossroads Communications. p. 234.
1038:. Crossroads Communications. p. 232.
963:. Crossroads Communications. p. 171.
527:Hallways of Center Building at Elgin State
18:
1374:. Crossroads Communications. p. 45.
1063:. Crossroads Communications. p. 85.
1013:. Crossroads Communications. p. 78.
988:. Crossroads Communications. p. 83.
938:. Crossroads Communications. p. 39.
1500:"ELGIN MENTAL HEALTH CENTER - ELGIN, IL"
1161:
1159:
594:
2004:Kalamazoo Regional Psychiatric Hospital
1365:
1363:
872:
493:
231:4 (Center section and transverse wings)
2089:Fergus Falls Regional Treatment Center
2059:Eastern Michigan Asylum for the Insane
1902:Institute of the Pennsylvania Hospital
1422:"DEMOLITION MARKS END OF HOSPITAL ERA"
929:
927:
68:Active - Most of old campus demolished
7:
2242:Hospital buildings completed in 1891
2237:Hospital buildings completed in 1872
280:W. F. Bushnell & Co (North wing)
234:3 (Intermediate, longitudinal wings)
2212:Callan Park Hospital for the Insane
1932:Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital
453:slaughterhouse was built along the
1738:University of Illinois Eye and Ear
1480:"Elgin Mental Health Center â GRF"
14:
2262:Psychiatric hospitals in Illinois
2171:Eastern Washington State Hospital
2130:Central State Hospital (Kentucky)
1963:Central State Hospital (Virginia)
473:North wing of the Center Building
347:Mendota, Wisconsin State Hospital
2084:Cherokee Mental Health Institute
1984:Central State Hospital (Indiana)
1244:. www.lehuga.org. Archived from
1242:"Elgin Mental Wellness Facility"
580:
568:
556:
544:
532:
520:
508:
496:
442:United States Justice Department
354:not guilty by reason of insanity
27:
2267:1871 establishments in Illinois
1562:Description of Central Building
330:Illinois' first mental hospital
163:
139:
2125:Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum
214:North/South length: 776ft 4in
1:
2166:Eastern Oregon State Hospital
2009:Mount Pleasant State Hospital
856:. Was confined for 27 years.
478:Demolition of original campus
367:Front view of Center Building
1968:Spring Grove Hospital Center
1530:. 1997-06-08. Archived from
2257:Bertrand Goldberg buildings
2044:Independence State Hospital
1989:Jacksonville State Hospital
1912:Hudson River State Hospital
1850:Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge
374:Jacksonville State Hospital
2283:
1897:Northampton State Hospital
1528:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
488:Elgin Mental Health Center
291:Elgin Mental Health Center
22:Elgin Mental Health Center
2029:Osawatomie State Hospital
1887:Harrisburg State Hospital
1882:New Jersey State Hospital
1139:Bertrand Goldberg Archive
854:Latter Day Saint movement
160:1973 (Kirkbride building)
38:
26:
2176:Mendocino State Hospital
2074:Northern Michigan Asylum
2039:Winnebago State Hospital
2014:St. Peter State Hospital
1999:Wisconsin State Hospital
1937:Worcester State Hospital
1638:Illinois state hospitals
1395:Briska, William (1997).
1370:Briska, William (1997).
1342:Briska, William (1997).
1317:Briska, William (1997).
1292:Briska, William (1997).
1267:Briska, William (1997).
1216:Briska, William (1997).
1191:Briska, William (1997).
1166:Briska, William (1997).
1109:Briska, William (1997).
1084:Briska, William (1997).
1059:Briska, William (1997).
1034:Briska, William (1997).
1009:Briska, William (1997).
984:Briska, William (1997).
959:Briska, William (1997).
934:Briska, William (1997).
678:1911â1914 and 1917â1930
563:Italianate style windows
2140:Arkansas State Hospital
2069:Clarinda State Hospital
2064:Kankakee State Hospital
2054:Columbus State Hospital
1958:St. Elizabeths Hospital
1917:Danville State Hospital
1855:Richard Snowden Andrews
1662:East Moline (Watertown)
903:Dixon, Michael (1993).
464:Elgin Community College
250:Design and construction
217:East/West width: 401ft
2145:Terrell State Hospital
2110:Jackson State Hospital
2105:Western State Hospital
1942:Danvers State Hospital
1922:Buffalo State Hospital
1907:Dixmont State Hospital
1892:Taunton State Hospital
1799:Thomas Story Kirkbride
1135:"Elgin State Hospital"
860:Emanuel (Emil) Bronner
474:
388:
368:
334:Jacksonville, Illinois
326:
2191:Patton State Hospital
2186:Oregon State Hospital
2161:Agnews State Hospital
2115:Austin State Hospital
2079:Nevada State Hospital
2049:Athens Lunatic Asylum
2034:Topeka State Hospital
1994:Dayton State Hospital
1927:Warren State Hospital
1593:42.01545°N 88.28812°W
472:
386:
366:
324:
2207:Nova Scotia Hospital
2024:Elgin State Hospital
1460:"Inpatient Services"
643:Frank Jenks (acting)
396:, who also designed
295:Elgin State Hospital
79:Mental Care Facility
49:Elgin State Hospital
2181:Napa State Hospital
2019:Anna State Hospital
1598:42.01545; -88.28812
1589: /
1440:"Forensic Services"
1248:on 16 November 2016
912:www.cityofelgin.org
597:
378:Anna State Hospital
90:Architectural style
60:General information
2135:Broughton Hospital
1780:The Kirkbride Plan
1426:chicagotribune.com
699:D. Louis Steinberg
609:Edwin A. Kilbourne
595:
475:
389:
369:
327:
258:Stephen V. Shipman
111:750 S State Street
2224:
2223:
2220:
2219:
1868:Notable buildings
1863:
1862:
1835:Nathaniel Bradlee
1746:
1745:
1504:hospital-data.com
852:, founder of the
850:Joseph Smith, Jr.
846:David Hyrum Smith
822:
821:
428:Bertrand Goldberg
394:Bertrand Goldberg
358:Chester, Illinois
287:
286:
266:State of Illinois
190:Structural system
185:Technical details
130:1870 (North wing)
2274:
2200:Outside the U.S.
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1420:Lev, Michael A.
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1141:. Archived from
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840:Notable patients
777:Tajudeen Ibrahim
731:Robert J. Mackie
683:Henry J. Gahagan
667:Sidney D. Wilgus
634:John B. Hamilton
598:
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1840:John G. Haskell
1830:Elbridge Boyden
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747:Angelo Campagna
739:Roalda Alderman
715:Ernest S. Klein
691:Charles F. Read
659:Vaclav Podstata
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303:Elgin, Illinois
283:
271:Main contractor
237:
220:
203:Brick and stone
152:April 3rd, 1872
136:
85:
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34:
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1733:Mabley (Dixon)
1730:
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1714:
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1708:
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1694:
1692:Read (Chicago)
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1554:Cemetery
1551:
1550:External links
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763:Rosamond Geary
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343:Kirkbride Plan
318:
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2015:
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1845:Levi Scofield
1843:
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1833:
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1571:
1569:
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1565:
1563:
1560:
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1557:
1549:
1534:on 2007-03-12
1533:
1529:
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1519:
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1472:
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1427:
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1416:
1413:
1408:
1406:0-916445-45-3
1402:
1398:
1391:
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1383:
1381:0-916445-45-3
1377:
1373:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1353:0-916445-45-3
1349:
1345:
1338:
1335:
1330:
1328:0-916445-45-3
1324:
1320:
1313:
1310:
1305:
1303:0-916445-45-3
1299:
1295:
1288:
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1278:0-916445-45-3
1274:
1270:
1263:
1260:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1229:
1227:0-916445-45-3
1223:
1219:
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1202:0-916445-45-3
1198:
1194:
1187:
1184:
1179:
1177:0-916445-45-3
1173:
1169:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1145:on 2008-07-04
1144:
1140:
1136:
1130:
1127:
1122:
1120:0-916445-45-3
1116:
1112:
1105:
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1097:
1095:0-916445-45-3
1091:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1072:
1070:0-916445-45-3
1066:
1062:
1055:
1052:
1047:
1045:0-916445-45-3
1041:
1037:
1030:
1027:
1022:
1020:0-916445-45-3
1016:
1012:
1005:
1002:
997:
995:0-916445-45-3
991:
987:
980:
977:
972:
970:0-916445-45-3
966:
962:
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952:
947:
945:0-916445-45-3
941:
937:
930:
928:
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913:
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895:
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813:
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798:
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791:Meredith Kiss
790:
789:
786:
783:
782:
779:
776:
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772:
769:
768:
765:
762:
761:
757:
755:Nancy Staples
754:
753:
749:
746:
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741:
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733:
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611:
608:
607:
603:
600:
599:
583:
578:
571:
566:
559:
554:
547:
542:
539:Old cafeteria
535:
530:
523:
518:
511:
506:
499:
494:
484:
477:
471:
467:
465:
461:
456:
447:
445:
443:
439:
436:In 1983, the
434:
431:
429:
424:
422:
416:
414:
409:
405:
401:
399:
395:
385:
381:
379:
375:
365:
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323:
316:
314:
312:
308:
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296:
292:
279:
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269:
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261:
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159:
155:
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144:July 30, 1874
143:
132:
129:
128:
126:
122:
119:United States
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
92:
88:
81:
78:
77:
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71:
67:
63:
58:
51:
48:
47:
45:
41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
2023:
1951:Mid-Atlantic
1825:Samuel Sloan
1811:Dorothea Dix
1723:Jacksonville
1666:
1574:
1553:
1536:. Retrieved
1532:the original
1518:
1507:. Retrieved
1503:
1494:
1483:. Retrieved
1474:
1463:. Retrieved
1454:
1443:. Retrieved
1434:
1425:
1415:
1396:
1390:
1371:
1343:
1337:
1318:
1312:
1293:
1287:
1268:
1262:
1250:. Retrieved
1246:the original
1236:
1217:
1211:
1192:
1186:
1167:
1147:. Retrieved
1143:the original
1138:
1129:
1110:
1104:
1085:
1079:
1060:
1054:
1035:
1029:
1010:
1004:
985:
979:
960:
954:
935:
915:. Retrieved
911:
835:
832:
828:
799:Brian Dawson
770:Raul Almazar
675:Ralph Hinton
651:Frank Witman
625:Arthur Loewy
617:Henry Brooks
481:
451:
435:
432:
425:
421:Anton Boisen
417:
410:
406:
402:
400:in Chicago.
390:
370:
351:
328:
307:World War II
298:
294:
290:
288:
255:Architect(s)
43:Former names
1702:Tinley Park
1596: /
1252:16 November
807:Diana Hogan
460:US Route 20
448:Farm colony
413:World War I
398:Marina City
245:1,139 acres
225:Floor count
2231:Categories
2154:West Coast
1818:Architects
1794:Physicians
1584:88°17â˛17âłW
1581:42°00â˛56âłN
1538:2010-06-05
1509:2009-10-05
1485:2009-10-05
1465:2009-10-05
1445:2009-10-05
1149:2009-12-18
917:2019-05-23
867:References
802:2016-2018
794:2013-2016
784:Paul Brock
750:1992â1995
742:1986â1991
734:1972â1986
726:1970â1972
718:1963â1970
710:1953â1963
702:1946â1953
694:1930â1946
686:1914â1917
670:1910â1911
662:1906â1910
654:1899â1906
646:1898â1899
638:1897â1898
628:1893â1897
620:1890â1893
612:1871â1890
411:Following
332:opened in
311:paranormal
297:& the
293:(formerly
176:$ 330,000
168:Early 1993
165:Demolished
93:Italianate
1875:Northeast
1806:Advocates
1672:Galesburg
848:, son of
455:Fox River
263:Developer
141:Completed
102:Elgin, IL
1697:Rockford
1677:Kankakee
462:and the
438:Governor
200:Material
98:Location
82:Hospital
1977:Midwest
1728:Lincoln
1718:Chester
1682:Manteno
317:History
242:Grounds
116:Country
108:Address
1787:People
1687:Peoria
1403:
1378:
1350:
1325:
1300:
1275:
1224:
1199:
1174:
1117:
1092:
1067:
1042:
1017:
992:
967:
942:
818:2019-
758:1996-
604:Years
180:(1874)
157:Closed
149:Opened
65:Status
2098:South
1711:Other
1667:Elgin
1652:Alton
908:(PDF)
825:Today
810:2019
1657:Anna
1401:ISBN
1376:ISBN
1348:ISBN
1323:ISBN
1298:ISBN
1273:ISBN
1254:2016
1222:ISBN
1197:ISBN
1172:ISBN
1115:ISBN
1090:ISBN
1065:ISBN
1040:ISBN
1015:ISBN
990:ISBN
965:ISBN
940:ISBN
601:Name
376:and
289:The
208:Size
173:Cost
73:Type
178:USD
2233::
1526:.
1502:.
1424:.
1362:^
1158:^
1137:.
926:^
910:.
875:^
423:.
1772:e
1765:t
1758:v
1630:e
1623:t
1616:v
1541:.
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1230:.
1205:.
1180:.
1152:.
1123:.
1098:.
1073:.
1048:.
1023:.
998:.
973:.
948:.
920:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.