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1028:, which exists today as a 52-bed facility operated by Southern Illinois Healthcare. Effective March 1, 2004, SIH entered into an agreement with Alliant Management Services to return the hospital to local ownership and governance. On April 1, 2005, Ferrell Hospital Community Foundation became a stand-alone facility managed by Alliant Management Services. As Ferrell is a small hospital, services are routinely provided via other hospitals by transportation via ambulance for non-critical issues, and Air Evac Lifeteam Air Ambulance (for transport to Evansville, IN hospitals Deaconess, or St. Mary's) for critical emergencies. As of 2019, it is undergoing a significant expansion.
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395:, the name was originally "Eldereado" or "Elder-Reado" (depending on the source)—a combination of the last names of the town's two founders, Judge Samuel Elder, his son William, grandson Francis Marion, and neighbor Joseph Read, and his brother William. According to legend, a signpainter for the railroad painted the name "Eldorado" on the train depot; as a result, the spelling and pronunciation (el-do-RAY-doh) was forever changed.
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Illinois
Historian Neil Gale: "This settlement, by 1896, could boast of exceptional railroad facilities - The Illinois Central, The Louisville and Nashville, and The Chicago, Cleveland, Cincinnati and St. Louis. Like several other villages, when the railroad company placed the name on the station, the name was spelled Eldorado, instead of Elderedo, and it has been known by that name since that time."
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like “Tilda,” who was one of eleven Black students at the school, faced social exclusion and were prohibited from studying alongside white students. Tilda’s desire to attend the same school as white students led to further animosity, as “Negroes did not want to go to the white school” but were still subjected to exclusion and violence.
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Due to the continued violence, the board voted in August 1902 to relocate the school to
Metropolis, Illinois. Despite this decision, the harassment didn’t stop. In 1903, the board thanked the governor, the AME Church, and others for their support, but by then, the damage was done. Black residents had
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The
Harrisburg Newspaper reported that the Afro-American Protective League, an organization made up of Black citizens of Saline County, met and adopted resolutions denouncing an individual named Alston, labeling him a "traitor to the race" and unfit to lead. This internal conflict likely stemmed from
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Eldorado was first platted on May 24, 1858, by a surveyor named Martin D. Gillett. The post office was established on
December 8 of that same year. Just before the Civil War, the first businesses were started in the town. The original village was incorporated in 1870. It was founded by Francis Elder
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The
Eldorado elementary school system consolidated in 1979, combining four schools (3 located in Eldorado, one from nearby Raleigh). Grades Pre-K through grade 5 attend Eldorado Elementary. Eldorado Middle School serves grades 6–8, and Eldorado High School grades 9-12. The high school mascot is the
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The median home value in 2010 was $ 45,900 with 56.6% valued below $ 50,000. No homes were valued $ 500,000 or greater. There were 1,855 housing units in the city, with 87.1% occupied. Of the 81.7%, 69% are owner-occupied, and 31% occupied by renters. Median rent rate was $ 619. The housing overall
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In response to the escalating violence, the board of trustees for the
Eldorado school reached out to Illinois Governor Richard Yates for protection. The sheriff, however, refused to deputize Black residents to help protect the school and their property, leaving the community vulnerable. In a letter
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until the 1960s. The
Eldorado Normal and Industrial Institute was a historically Black college (HBCU), formed with a vision for African Americans to have access to education It was patterned after the Tuskegee Institute, founded by Booker T. Washington. According to the text, J.D. Alston, a notable
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Throughout the early 1900s, the Black community in
Eldorado faced relentless opposition. For instance, in 1902, a mob targeted the Black settlement, causing destruction and fear, leading to the eventual exodus of Black residents from Eldorado. The text also recounts how Black students in Eldorado,
944:
Education level of those aged 25 and over: 6.1% less than ninth grade; 11% grade 9–12 with no diploma; 32.1% high school graduates; 24.7% some college, no degree; 9.6% Associate degree; 12.3% Bachelor's degree; and 4.3% graduate level or higher. Overall, the percentage of high school graduates is
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was a popular hangout, until it relocated outside of the downtown in the 1990s. At one time there were over 20 grocery stores in
Eldorado, most were small neighborhood stores. Eventually, these stores and downtown businesses began to disappear due to job loss, population decrease, and the move to
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As of the beginning of the 2018–2019 school year, there were 1,157 students (Pre-K-12) enrolled in
Eldorado Community Unit #4 schools (Elementary 598, Middle School 243, High School 351). 2019 Grant Loudy was elected School board Member. The middle school and high schools were rated "commendable
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However, the school and the Black residents faced significant racial violence and opposition from the local white community. In a tragic turn of events, in May 1902, a white mob stoned the house of Reverend Peter Green, a pastor at the African Methodist Episcopal Church, who was also involved in
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In the early days, Eldorado had several railroads which came through town. It was at an intersection of the Louisville & Nashville and Cairo & Vincennes railways. The "eastern extremity" of the Belleville & Eldorado Railway (St. Louis Short Line) also came through town. According to
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In the correspondence, Governor Yates noted, "I suggest you return to Eldorado and open your school at the proper time... I will furnish you by telegraph the assurance that I will furnish you and all members of the school with protection." Despite these assurances, the violence and resistance
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J.D. Alston’s legacy is somewhat bittersweet, as he continued to contribute to Black education. He delivered the commencement address at the Frederick Douglass School in Marion, Illinois, in June 1912, and his death certificate lists his occupation as a printer. Yet, the Eldorado Normal and
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The violent and systematic exclusion of Black residents from Eldorado is evident in these events. By 1902, Eldorado had essentially expelled its Black population. This was part of a broader trend seen across southern Illinois, where Black communities were violently driven out or severely
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opening a Black school. The mob continued their assault by attacking the school itself and firing shots into the homes of Black residents. This act of terrorism forced many Black families to flee Eldorado, and all Black residents eventually left the town due to the threats and violence.
1080:. Basketball star Mike Duff is ranked #28 for career points (2,558), #4 for most points in a season (1,097-accomplished in 1977), and #13 with highest scoring average, season (32.2-accomplished in 1977). In baseball, #6 for most consecutive wins at home (26).
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hall in Eldorado with a local band called The Four Vests. This was the first performance by a Beatle in the United States. At the time, Harrison and his brother were visiting their sister, Louise, who had recently relocated with her husband to nearby
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At one time, Eldorado supported an additional hospital, a 56-bed facility named Pearce Hospital (after another local physician). Pearce Hospital opened in 1949, and closed 40 years later, in 1989 due to financial issues and a dwindling patient load.
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marginalized. The text notes that Eldorado became known for its exclusionary practices, as the school, which could have been a long-standing institution for African American education, was destroyed by the overwhelming racial hostility in the area.
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According to the 1945 Film Daily Yearbook, the 500-seat Grand was one of three movie houses in operation at that time, which also included the Orpheum and the Knox. Today the former Grand is used as a meeting place for a fraternal
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According to the 2010 census, Eldorado has a total area of 2.431 square miles (6.30 km), of which 2.39 square miles (6.19 km) (or 98.31%) is land and 0.041 square miles (0.11 km) (or 1.69%) is water.
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In downtown Eldorado there are several murals painted on the sides of old buildings. The artists were longtime residents Phyllis Finnie (1925-2019) and Zettie Shults (resident from 1963 to 2005).
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published in the *Inter Ocean* newspaper in Chicago on July 8, 1902, the governor replied, indicating that he was aware of the situation and made promises to protect the school and its members.
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Average high temps are 67.5 °F, average lows 45.3 °F. Average temp 56.4 °F. Average annual precipitation-rainfall 47.46 inches. Average annual snowfall is 5 inches.
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The current mayor is Rocky James (as of 2019). There is also an elected city council, city clerk, and city treasurer. Their offices are at city hall, located at 901 4th street.
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figure, arrived in Eldorado in 1882 and led the establishment of the school. He was an active leader in the Black community and a driving force behind the school's development.
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living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.9% were non-families. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.85.
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of 2010 there were 4,122 people, 1,796 households, and 1,044 families residing in the city. There were 2,053 housing units. The racial makeup of the city was 97.3%
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shortly after takeoff in Evansville, Indiana. Both were members of the Evansville Aces basketball team. The high school gymnasium was renamed in their memory.
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is aging, with 28.9% units built before 1939, and 12.9% of housing units were vacant. The city has been working to demolish derelict homes for several years.
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Current and former residents often reflect with nostalgia growing up in Eldorado, and doing business in the downtown area. At the center of it is a five-way
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left Eldorado, and the school, which had been a beacon of hope for Black education, was eventually demolished in 1994 due to termite infestation.
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Eldorado thrived for much of the late 1800s until the 1980s as a coal mining town, until several major mines shut down. Another major employer,
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391:, United States. The population was 4,122 at the 2010 census, with a 1980 peak of 5,198. Although the city's name is spelled as if it were
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Eldorado used to have the smallest daily newspaper in Illinois until recently when declining circulation and advertising revenue for the
1319:"Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007 (CBSA-EST2007-01)"
312:
1162:, known as Dave Sanders, teacher killed during the Columbine High School massacre, saved multiple children and staff from being killed.
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Shelter was provided at the city hall, and food provided by the Calvary Baptist Church, led by the Red Cross with local help. When the
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https://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=SPS19020621-01.2.60&e=-------en-20--1--img-txIN%7ctxCO%7ctxTA--------0------
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In December 1977, tragedy struck when former Eldorado basketball standouts Mike Duff and Kevin Kingston were killed in the crash of
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forced its parent company to scale back publication to only three days per week. The Journal had been a daily paper since 1911.
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Eldorado is notable as being the location of George Harrison's first gig in America. On September 28, 1963, five months before
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Industrial Institute, which he had worked so hard to establish, could not overcome the entrenched racism in the town.
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Today, the railroad tracks have been paved over in favor of bike paths, and most of the downtown businesses are gone.
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The median income for a household in the city was $ 30,799, and the median income for a family was $ 36,361. The
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There were 1,945 households, out of which 28.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.1% were
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457:. Eldorado has four official Historical Markers, with the most recent one unveiled on September 18th, 2021.
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1437:""Pick, Shovel, Wedge, and Sledge" A Historical Context for Evaluating Coal Mining Resources in Illinois"
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973:(ABC), WPSD channel 6 (NBC), KFVS channel 12 (CBS), WSIU channel 8 (PBS), and KBSI channel 23 (FOX).
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1269:"The Digital Research Library of Illinois History Journal™: Eldorado Illinois' Founding History"
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for the city was $ 17,715. About 25.2% of families and 28.5% of the population were below the
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of 2012 struck nearby Harrisburg, Eldorado immediately provided emergency assistance.
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Town & Country Days is an annual festival held every third weekend in September.
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The local authorities and newspapers contributed to the atmosphere of racial tension.
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1294:"Homestead of Judge Samuel Elder - Illinois Historical Markers on Waymarking.com"
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2039:"Blogging the Beatles: Before the British Invasion, a Beatle Comes to America"
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persisted, eventually leading the board to relocate the school to Metropolis.
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https://www.umbrasearch.org/catalog/a87c480748cdfedd19502761162df6dd3561294c
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The city provided relief efforts to neighboring communities affected by the
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1467:"Picking up the pieces: Former Roundy's workers trying to make adjustments"
621:, a community near the present day East St. Louis. It is just north of the
2493:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
1116:. Around 75 people were entertained by Harrison at the VFW that evening.
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History of Gallatin, Saline, Hamilton, Franklin, and Williamson Counties
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1979:"Records & History | Boys Baseball | IHSA Sports & Activities"
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Just south of Eldorado are wonderful sightseeing opportunities at the
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Trails was located just south of the city. The Goshen Trail began in
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Collector, Representative (19th District) David D. Phelps-- (2000).
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stood for decades on the corner of Fourth and Locust streets. The
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2139:
1513:"Eldorado Bicycle and Walking Path | Illinois Trails | TrailLink"
1412:"Historical Markers and War Memorials in Saline County, Illinois"
1249:. Chicago: Goodspeed Publishing Company. 1887. pp. 220–222.
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1795:"Spring cleanup: Eldorado continues to demolish derelict homes"
1694:"Climate Harrisburg - Illinois and Weather averages Harrisburg"
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1664:"G001 - Geographic Identifiers - 2010 Census Summary File 1"
464:(formerly Scot Lad) closed in 2005, laying off 170 workers.
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the pressures of surviving in a deeply racist environment.
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and his neighbors who were brothers William and John Reed.
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The median age was 43 years. The unemployment rate 17.5%.
583:, Missouri (129 miles). Residents do a lot of business in
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1273:
The Digital Research Library of Illinois History Journal™
970:
2108:
Reader, Come Home: The Reading Brain in a Digital World
1871:"Ferrell - $ 34 MILLION RENOVATION, EXPANSION PROJECT"
1223:
The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States
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83%. Approximately 7% of the population are veterans.
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and ran along the east side of Eldorado and on to the
1329:, Population Division. March 27, 2008. Archived from
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2129:
Men's Golf coach Justin Fetcho announces resignation
1561:
Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism
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1134:was centered in Eldorado. The subject of the book,
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1465:ILLINOIS, JOHN D. HOMAN SOUTHERN (March 7, 2005).
1012:(junior college). The nearest major university is
1005:schools" on the 2018 Illinois School Report Card.
984:(Adult Contemporary), based in nearby Harrisburg.
1064:is also a short drive, just south of neighboring
79:Location of Eldorado in Saline County, Illinois.
2192:
20:Eldorado Township, McDonough County, Illinois
8:
2037:Jackson, Andrew Grant (September 19, 2013).
2004:"REMEMBERING THE ACES: 1977 UE plane crash"
1938:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1639:"US Geological Survey Topo Map of Eldorado"
1103:brought them stardom in the United States,
2268:Map of Illinois highlighting Saline County
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1610:"US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990"
1588:. The History Press. pp. 45, 46, 47.
1179:List of sundown towns in the United States
648:
609:The junction of the pioneer Kaskaskia and
27:
18:For the township in McDonough County, see
2145:Eldorado Community Unit School District 4
2140:Eldorado Memorial Public Library District
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920:of any race were 1.3% of the population.
91:Location of Illinois in the United States
1563:. The New Press. pp. 95, 187, 425.
1076:Eldorado holds a few records within the
506:The Response from Governor Richard Yates
404:Harrisburg micropolitan statistical area
400:Illinois–Indiana–Kentucky tri-state area
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1078:Illinois High School Association (IHSA)
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2110:. New York: HarperCollins. p. 4.
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1586:Black Settlements of Southern Illinois
1168:, professor of neuroscience and author
1068:, and a popular location for fishing.
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1385:DENEAL, TRAVIS (February 28, 2017).
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575:It is in the Southeastern region of
455:National Register of Historic Places
1359:DENEAL, TRAVIS (February 8, 2017).
912:, and 1.1% from two or more races.
527:A History of Violence and Exclusion
488:Resistance from the White Community
203:0.04 sq mi (0.11 km)
195:2.50 sq mi (6.48 km)
187:2.54 sq mi (6.59 km)
2207:Municipalities and communities of
1719:"Census of Population and Housing"
1499:Illinois Dept of Natural Resources
1138:, practiced medicine in Eldorado.
1024:In 1925, Dr. J.V. Ferrell founded
969:Local television stations include
658:
402:and is a bedroom community in the
14:
2538:Cities in Saline County, Illinois
1793:DeNeal, Travis (April 25, 2018).
1091:George Harrison's First U.S. Gig
339:
85:
73:
52:
2172:Eldorado Historic Facebook Page
1267:Gale, Neil (January 31, 2017).
976:Closest local radio station is
232:1,495.41/sq mi (577.32/km)
25:City in Illinois, United States
1090:
1:
1387:"Leap Day Tornado remembered"
1226:. Govt. Print. Off. pp.
1201:. United States Census Bureau
1010:Southeastern Illinois College
2057:"They saw him standing here"
1896:"Rural health care May 1989"
1820:"Eldorado Community Unit #4"
1014:Southern Illinois University
1008:To the south of Eldorado is
579:. The nearest major city is
446:businesses on the highways.
398:Eldorado is included in the
161:Samuel Elder and Joseph Read
1752:United States Census Bureau
1668:United States Census Bureau
1614:United States Census Bureau
1327:United States Census Bureau
1199:"2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files"
880:Old City Hall, now a museum
571:(37.814212, -88.440937) in
2559:
2167:Egyptian Health Department
2162:Eldorado Historical Museum
2150:December 24, 2005, at the
1492:"Illinois Bike Trails Map"
1416:Historical Marker Database
604:Cottage Grove Fault System
600:Wabash Valley Seismic Zone
17:
2543:Sundown towns in Illinois
2498:
2261:
2221:
1915:"Town & Country Days"
1559:Loewen, James W. (2018).
1323:2007 Population Estimates
1156:, former U.S. Congressman
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615:Old Shawneetown, Illinois
598:It is located within the
451:former city hall building
424:Ohio River Flood of 1937.
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2082:"Murder in Little Egypt"
2027:Daily Register Newspaper
1109:Veterans of Foreign Wars
602:, and just north of the
475:Eldorado was known as a
211:390 ft (120 m)
2210:Saline County, Illinois
2106:Wolf, Maryanne (2018).
1954:"Records & History"
1220:Gannett, Henry (1905).
1058:is 32 miles southeast.
1048:Shawnee National Forest
623:Shawnee National Forest
540:Eldorado is located at
389:Saline County, Illinois
2269:
1850:illinoisreportcard.com
1846:"Illinois Report Card"
1745:Bureau, U. S. Census.
1361:"River-ravaged region"
1150:, mixed martial artist
1136:Dr. John Dale Cavaness
1127:Murder in Little Egypt
1099:' first appearance on
1085:Air Indiana Flight 216
1001:
964:Eldorado Daily Journal
881:
2267:
1747:"U.S. Census website"
1160:William David Sanders
999:
879:
870:U.S. Decennial Census
650:Historical population
559:37.81417°N 88.44083°W
255: • Summer (
116:37.81417°N 88.44083°W
2511:United States portal
2157:Eldorado Main Street
1674:on February 13, 2020
1584:France, Kim (2024).
1444:Illinois Archaeology
1101:The Ed Sullivan Show
1000:Eldorado High School
229: • Density
1616:. February 12, 2011
651:
585:Evansville, Indiana
564:37.81417; -88.44083
555: /
121:37.81417; -88.44083
112: /
2533:Cities in Illinois
2270:
1799:The Daily Register
1778:has generic name (
1391:The Daily Register
1365:The Daily Register
1062:Glen O. Jones Lake
1052:Garden of the Gods
1036:Leisure activities
1002:
882:
649:
439:Ben Franklin store
328:Eldorado, Illinois
221: • Total
200: • Water
184: • Total
171: • Mayor
2520:
2519:
2117:978-0-06-238878-0
2061:illinoistimes.com
1698:usclimatedata.com
1142:Notable residents
1107:performed at the
935:per capita income
874:
873:
619:Goshen Settlement
589:Paducah, Kentucky
577:Southern Illinois
332:
331:
325:Wikimedia Commons
192: • Land
67:City of Daffodils
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1826:on June 22, 2019
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2354:Independence
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2089:. Retrieved
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2011:. Retrieved
2007:
1998:
1986:. Retrieved
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1918:
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1828:. Retrieved
1824:the original
1814:
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1798:
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1750:
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1721:. Census.gov
1713:
1701:. Retrieved
1697:
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1678:December 27,
1676:. Retrieved
1672:the original
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1618:. Retrieved
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1471:The Southern
1470:
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1446:. March 2005
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1406:
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1390:
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1364:
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1331:the original
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1056:Cave-in-Rock
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978:WEBQ AM 1240
975:
968:
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939:poverty line
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908:, 0.4% from
883:
645:Demographics
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591:(62 miles).
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477:sundown town
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471:Sundown Town
466:
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435:intersection
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334:
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15:
2454:Pankeyville
2396:communities
2359:Long Branch
2225:County seat
1776:|last=
1421:February 8,
1148:Todd Duffee
1097:The Beatles
1020:Health care
910:other races
562: /
443:Dairy Queen
276:ZIP Code(s)
174:Rocky James
119: /
2527:Categories
2469:Texas City
2379:Stone Fort
2349:Harrisburg
2255:Harrisburg
2232:Harrisburg
2086:amazon.com
1185:References
884:As of the
637:Government
550:88°26′27″W
547:37°48′51″N
453:is on the
216:Population
166:Government
158:Founded by
107:88°26′27″W
104:37°48′51″N
2489:Footnotes
2316:Townships
2305:Stonefort
1620:April 23,
1205:March 15,
1124:The book
988:Education
581:St. Louis
536:Geography
288:Area code
238:Time zone
208:Elevation
2479:West End
2464:Somerset
2459:Rudement
2449:New Hope
2429:Lakeview
2364:Mountain
2277:Villages
2250:Eldorado
2148:Archived
2091:June 22,
2066:June 22,
2013:June 22,
1988:June 22,
1983:ihsa.org
1963:June 22,
1958:ihsa.org
1934:cite web
1924:June 22,
1880:June 22,
1855:June 22,
1830:June 22,
1804:June 22,
1768:cite web
1758:June 22,
1703:June 22,
1648:June 22,
1522:June 22,
1476:June 22,
1450:June 22,
1396:June 22,
1370:June 22,
1303:June 22,
1278:June 22,
1173:See also
1066:Equality
993:Eagles.
914:Hispanic
462:Roundy's
335:Eldorado
306:17-23009
143:Illinois
32:Eldorado
2439:Liberty
2434:Ledford
2369:Raleigh
2344:Galatia
2334:Cottage
2300:Raleigh
2290:Galatia
1725:June 4,
1344:July 3,
949:Housing
904:, 0.1%
900:, 0.1%
896:, 0.2%
892:, 0.8%
629:Climate
410:History
393:Spanish
319:2394639
132:Country
2474:Wasson
2374:Rector
2324:Brushy
2242:Cities
2114:
1644:. 2018
1592:
1567:
1114:Benton
1072:Sports
918:Latino
886:census
820:−12.7%
775:−20.6%
730:−10.4%
700:132.9%
655:Census
611:Goshen
152:Saline
148:County
59:order.
2424:Harco
2419:Eagle
2414:Derby
2409:Delta
2295:Muddy
2043:Slate
1642:(PDF)
1495:(PDF)
1440:(PDF)
958:Media
902:Asian
890:White
865:−9.2%
860:3,743
850:−9.1%
845:4,122
830:4,534
815:4,536
805:34.1%
800:5,198
785:3,876
770:3,573
760:−8.0%
755:4,500
740:4,891
725:4,482
715:48.7%
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680:1,445
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1622:2011
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1423:2024
1398:2019
1372:2019
1346:2008
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1207:2022
1050:and
856:2020
841:2010
835:0.0%
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811:1990
796:1980
790:8.5%
781:1970
766:1960
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736:1940
721:1930
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