Elderly care - Knowledge

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two different groups. One group of elderly residents was given more responsibility in their choices, and their day-to-day activities than the other group. This involved differences such as having the hospital administrator talked separately to the two groups. The group that was more responsibility induced was given a talk emphasizing their responsibility for themselves, while the talk given to the second group emphasized the responsibility of the nursing staff in taking care of the elderly residents. Another difference between the two groups is that both groups were given a plant. The group that was more responsibility induced was told they there were responsible for watering the plant each day while, the second group was told that the nursing staff was responsible for watering the plant. Results from this study indicated that the group that was more responsibility induced became more active, reported being happier, and increased alertness and they showed increased behavioral involvement in activities such as socializing, participation, and attendance in the nursing home activities such the nursing home's movie nights. They also showed higher health and mood which also declined more slowly than the previous group over time. It is also noted that these long-term benefits were most likely obtained because the treatment was not directed toward one single behavior or stimulus condition.

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assistance with activities of daily living are at a greater risk of losing their independence with self-care tasks as dependent personal behaviours are often met with reinforcement from caregivers. It is important for caregivers to ensure that measures are put into place to preserve and promote function rather than contribute to a decline in status of an older adult that has physical limitations. Caregivers need to be conscious of actions and behaviors that cause older adults to become dependent on them and need to allow older patients to maintain as much independence as possible. Providing information to the older patient on why it is important to perform self-care may allow them to see the benefit in performing self-care independently. If the older adult is able to complete self-care activities on their own, or even if they need supervision, encourage them in their efforts as maintaining independence can provide them with a sense of accomplishment and the ability to maintain independence longer.

362: 377:, the older population—persons 65 years or older—numbered 39.6 million in 2009. They represented 12.9% of the U.S. population, about one in every eight Americans. By 2030, there will be about 72.1 million older persons, more than twice their number in 2000. People aged over 65 years represented 12.4% of the population in the year 2000, but that is expected to grow to be 19% of the population by 2030. This means there will be more demand for elderly care facilities in the coming years. There were more than 36,000 assisted living facilities in the United States in 2009, according to the Assisted Living Federation of America. More than 1 million senior citizens are served by these assisted living facilities. 669:, an electrolyte disturbance in which the level of sodium in a person's serum drops below 135 mEq/L. Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder encountered in the elderly patient population. Studies have shown that older patients are more prone to hyponatremia as a result of multiple factors including physiologic changes associated with aging such as decreases in glomerular filtration rate, a tendency for defective sodium conservation, and increased vasopressin activity. Mild hyponatremia ups the risk of fracture in elderly patients because hyponatremia has been shown to cause subtle neurologic impairment that affects gait and attention, similar to that of moderate alcohol intake. 434: 282:

scale that they are charged on depends on whether they are considered for "Long Term Care" or "Assisted Living." For example, in January 2010, seniors living in British Columbia's government-subsidized "Long Term Care" (also called "Residential Care") started paying 80% of their after-tax income unless their after-tax income is less than $ 16,500. The "Assisted Living" tariff is calculated more simply as 70% of the after-tax income. As seen in Ontario, there are waiting lists for many long-term care homes, so families may need to resort to hiring home healthcare or paying to stay in a private retirement home.

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elderly members rather than create extraneous policies for them. As of 2011, there are only 25 state-sponsored homes for the elderly, with no more than a few thousand members in each home. Such programs are largely run by volunteers and the services tend to be limited, considering there is not always a guarantee that care will be available. Private care is tough to follow, often based on assumptions. Because children are less likely to care for their parents, private caretakers are in demand. Volunteer NGOs are available but in very limited quantities.

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as well as health care to people who are poverty stricken in all districts. In its yearly budget, the government has planned to fund free health care for all heart and kidney patients older than 75. Unfortunately, many of these plans are overly ambitious, which has been recognized by the Nepali government. Nepal is a developing nation and may not be able to fund all of these programs after the development of an Old Age Allowance (OAA). OAA provides a monthly stipend to all citizens over 70 years old and widows over 60 years old.

305:, retirement villages or sheltered housing in the UK also offer an alternative to care homes but only for those with simple care needs. Extra Care housing provision can be suitable for older people with more complex needs. These models allow older people to live independently in a residential community or housing complex with other older people, helping to combat problems common amongst older people such as isolation. In these communities, residents may access shared services, amenities, and access care services if required. 265:, conducted a review of aged care commencing in 2010 and reporting in 2011. The review concluded that approximately 80% of care for older Australians is informal care provided by family, friends and neighbours. Around a million people received government-subsidised aged care services, most of these received low-level community care support, with 160,000 people in permanent residential care. Expenditure on aged care by all governments in 2009-10 was approximately $ 11 billion. 697:

mobility issues faced by adults due to decline in physical strength, loss of balance. For elders, tile flooring is the least preferred option. Carpet, cork, sheet vinyl flooring are some of the flooring options which can be used for bedrooms, kitchen and bathrooms used by elders. Tiles can be extremely slippery when they are wet which increases the risk of accidents. Also, they are very hard and cold on feet which makes it difficult to walk barefoot during winters.

298:, as the cost of care to the nation rises. People who have minimal savings or other assets are provided with care either in their own home (from visiting carers) or by moving to a residential care home or nursing home. Larger numbers of old people need help because of an aging population and medical advances increasing life expectancy, but less is being paid out by the government to help them. A million people who need care get neither formal nor informal help. 430:. This type of care allows caregivers the opportunity to go on a vacation or a business trip and to know that their family member has good quality temporary care. Also, without this help the elder might have to move permanently to an outside facility. Another unique type of care cropping in U.S. hospitals is called acute care of elder units, or ACE units, which provide "a homelike setting" within a medical center specifically for older adults. 232:

sleeping or irritable. Hospital staff often overlook these symptoms which leads to decreased cognitive ability and PTSD from the hospital environment. The issue here is that the elderly often lack autonomy within the medical sphere as a result of delirium. Their behavior is often mistaken for hostility rather than a medical symptom. This level of prejudice only leads to worsening medical conditions for these individuals.

115: 481:, rural/urban migration and other social changes, the traditional long-term care (LTC) for the elderly which was through direct family care in the past will no longer suffice. Barely existent now, both institutional and community-based services are expanding to meet the growing need. China is still at an earlier stage in economic development and will be challenged to build these services and train staff. 693:

opening designs can lead to glare and increase the risk of falls and hinder their ability to perform daily tasks as the elderly are more sensitive to glare than young adults. Dual-layer curtains, drapes, window blinds, light shelves, low visual transmittance glazing or other shading systems can reduce glare. Illuminance can be increased by combining natural light with various kinds of artificial lights.

626:(IoT) in smart homes provides a remote monitoring system to keep track of the daily activities of the elderly. Thus adults can live on their own confidently knowing that a feedback alarm will be sent to their caregivers immediately in case of an emergency. This not only allows the aging population to maintain their independence and confidenc, but also brings peace of mind to their friends and family. 31: 773: 649:, and other physical qualities. Someone attempting to improve an older adult's mobility must decide what impairments to focus on, and in many cases, there is little scientific evidence to justify any of the options. Today, many caregivers choose to focus on leg strength and balance. New research suggests that limb 404:, most of the large multi-facility providers are publicly owned and managed as for-profit businesses. However, there are exceptions; the largest operator in the US is the Evangelical Lutheran Good Samaritan Society, a not-for-profit organization that manages 6,531 beds in 22 states, according to a study by the 692:

Appropriate lighting in the interior space makes it easier for elders to move around in the house. An average 60-year-old person requires three times more illuminance than an average 20-year-old boy. Windows, skylight and door openings can incorporate daylight into interior spaces. However, unplanned

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An elderly-friendly interior space can reduce mobility issues as well as other old-age issues. Staircase, lights, flooring etc can help elders combat mobility issues. Interior design can positively influence the physical and psychological wellness of the elderly, and if each area in house is designed

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Impaired mobility is a major health concern for older adults, affecting 50% of people over 85 and at least a fourth of those over 75 years old. As adults lose the ability to walk, climb stairs, or rise from a chair, they become completely disabled. The problem cannot be ignored because people over 65

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provides medical care for the elderly, as for all, free at the point of use, but social care is paid for by the state only in Scotland. England, Wales and Northern Ireland have failed to introduce any legislation on the matter and so social care is not funded by public authorities unless a person has

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included policies in an attempt to care for the elderly left without children as caretakers. A Senior Health Facilities Fund has been established in each district. The Senior Citizens Health Facilities Program Implementation Guideline, 2061BS provides medical facilities to the elderly, free medicines

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There are major discrepancies within elder care. An important issue to acknowledge is who is taking care of the elderly primarily. This task in many households comes down to members of the family. The issue that stems from the assumption that family will take care of the elderly is in many households

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Welch, V.; Mathew, C. M.; Babelmorad, P.; Li, Y.; Ghogomu, E. T.; Borg, J.; Conde, M.; Kristjansson, E.; Lyddiatt, A.; Marcus, S.; Nickerson, J. W.; Pottie, K.; Rogers, M.; Sadana, R.; Saran, A.; Shea, B.; Sheehy, L.; Sveistrup, H.; Tanuseputro, P.; Thompson-Coon, J.; Walker, P.; Zhang, W.; Howe, T.

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Older adults are scared of losing their independence more than they fear death. Promoting independence in self-care can provide older adults with the capability to maintain independence longer and can leave them with a sense of achievement when they complete a task unaided. Older adults that require

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exhausted their private resources, such as by selling the home. Money provided for supporting elderly people in the UK has fallen by 20% per person during the ten years from 2005 to 2015 and in real terms, the fall is even greater. L Experts claim that vulnerable UK people do not get what they need.

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and non-medical care, the latter not being provided by medical professionals and much less likely to be covered by insurance or public funds. In the US, 67% of the one million or so residents in assisted living facilities pay for care out of their own funds. The rest get help from family and friends

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Due to health and economic benefits, the life expectancy in Nepal jumped from 27 years in 1951 to 65 in 2008. Most elderly Nepali citizens, roughly 85%, live in rural areas. Because of this, there is a significant lack of government sponsored programs or homes for the elderly. Traditionally, parents

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India's cultural view of elderly care is similar to that of Nepal. Parents are typically cared for by their children into old age, most commonly by their sons. In these countries, elderly citizens, especially men, are viewed in very high regard. Traditional values demand honor and respect for older,

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Overall, retirement communities are privately owned and operated, representing a shift from a 'care as service' to 'care as business' model. Some commercially operated villages have come under scrutiny for a lack of transparency over exit fees or 'event fees'. It has been noted, however, that paying

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and healthcare directives. The person who has such documents in place should have prepared them with their attorney when that person had capacity. Then, if the time comes that the person lacks capacity to carry out the tasks laid out in the documents, the person they named (their agent) can step in

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to carry out activities that include making medical decisions, voting, making gifts, seeking public benefits, marrying, managing property and financial affairs, choosing where to live and who they socialize with. Most states' laws require two doctors or other health professionals to provide reports

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Therapy designed to improve mobility in elderly patients is usually built around diagnosing and treating specific impairments, such as reduced strength or poor balance. It is appropriate to compare older adults seeking to improve their mobility because athletes seeking to improve their split times.

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A study done by Langer and Rodin in 1976, investigated what the impacts could be if nursing home residents are given more responsibility in different daily activities, and more choices, compared if those responsibilities given to the nursing home staff. Residents in the nursing home were split into

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However, elderly care is focused on satisfying the expectations of two tiers of customers: the resident customer and the purchasing customer, who are often not identical, since relatives or public authorities, rather than the resident, may be providing the cost of care. If residents are confused or

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While there are certainly programs available for use by the elderly in Thailand, questions of equity have risen since their introduction. The rich elderly in Thailand are much more likely to have access to care resources, while the poor elderly are more likely to use their acquired health care, as

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Thailand has observed global patterns of an enlarging elderly class: as fertility control is encouraged and medical advances are being made, the birth rate has diminished and people live longer. The Thai government is noticing and concerned about this trend but tends to let families care for their

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In hospitals, the elderly face the very real problem of ageism. For example, doctors and nurses often mistake symptoms of delirium for normal elderly behavior. Delirium is a condition that has hyperactive and hypoactive stages. In the hypoactive stages, elderly patients can just seem like they are

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An important issue here is also gender discrepancy amongst caregivers. There is a societal assumption often that leaves women in charge of caregiving primarily. Without access to other options for elder care, this leaves many women in a position that leads to higher rates of caregiver burnout. The

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There is currently limited evidence to form a robust conclusion that involving older patients with multiple health conditions in decision-making during primary care consultations has benefits. Examples of patient involvement in decision-making about their health care include patient workshops and

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Private for-profit and not-for-profit facilities exist in Canada, but due to cost factors, some provinces operate or subsidize public facilities run by the provincial Ministry of Health. In public care homes, elderly Canadians may pay for their care on a sliding scale, based on annual income. The

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is designed to make sure that every Australian can contribute as much as possible towards their cost of care, depending on their individual income and assets. That means that residents pay only what they can afford, and the Commonwealth government pays what the residents cannot pay. An Australian

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The form of care provided for older adults varies greatly by country and even region, and is changing rapidly. Older people worldwide consume the most health spending of any age group. There is also an increasingly large proportion of older people worldwide, especially in developing nations with

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When a person slips due to mobility issues, the flooring material plays a major role in the level of impact the person experiences after falling. Choosing the right flooring material in homes depending on whether an individual uses a walker, a wheelchair, or a cane, can also resolve many of the

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Family members are one of the most important caregivers to the elderly, often comprising the majority and most commonly being a daughter or a granddaughter. Family and friends can provide a home (i.e. host elderly relatives), help with money and meet social needs by visiting, taking them out on

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may also be important factors in mobility. Assistive technology and advancements in the health care field are further giving elders greater freedom and mobility. Several platforms now use artificial intelligence to suggest assistive devices to the elder for a better match. Well planned exercise

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is a continuing source of concern. The Adult Protective Services Agency, a component of the human service agency in most states, is typically responsible for investigating reports of domestic elder abuse and providing families with help and guidance. Other professionals who may be able to help

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While navigating floors, climbing stairs is one of the greatest challenges due to high risk of collapsing. A poorly designed staircase can negatively impact elders' psychology as they develop loss of confidence and fear of accidents. However, a staircase designed with the ergonomics and usage

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does not pay unless skilled-nursing care is needed and given in certified skilled nursing facilities or by a skilled nursing agency in the home. Assisted living facilities usually do not meet Medicare's requirements. However, Medicare pays for some skilled care if the elderly person meets the

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The need to increase the level of care, and known weaknesses in the care system (such as skilled workforce shortages and rationing of available care places), led several reviews in the 2000s to conclude that Australia's aged care system needs reform. This culminated in the 2011 Productivity

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Commission report and subsequent reform proposals. In accordance with the Living Longer, Living Better amendments of 2013, assistance is provided in accordance with assessed care needs, with additional supplements available for people experiencing homelessness, dementia and veterans.

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wiser people. Using data on health and living conditions from India's 60th National Sample Survey, a study found that almost a fourth of the elderly reported poor health. Reports of poor health were clustered among the poor, single, lower-educated, and economically inactive groups.

153:(CCRCs). A family care home is a residential home with support and supervisory personnel by an agency, organization, or individual that provides room and board, personal care and habilitation services in a family environment for at least two and no more than six persons. 272:

Australian Aged Care is often considered complicated due to various state and federal funding. Furthermore, there are many acronyms that customers need to be aware of, including ACAT, ACAR, NRCP, HACC, CACP, EACH, EACH-D and CDC (Consumer Directed Care) to name a few.

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states that elderly citizens will be guaranteed Social Security support for health care and welfare. A section of the 1973 Criminal Procedure Code, alluding to its traditional background, mandates that children support their parents if they no longer can themselves.

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issue lies in the fact that for many there is simply no other option for elder care than a member of the family stepping up. This can also lead to higher rates of neglect amongst elderly because families cannot afford adequate elderly care without external support.

245: 415:). Many elderly people gradually lose functioning ability and require either additional assistance in the home or a move to an eldercare facility. Their adult children often find it challenging to help their elderly parents make the right choices. 511:

live with their children, and today, it is estimated that 90% of the elderly live in the homes of their families. This number is changing as more children leave home for work or school, leading to loneliness and mental problems in Nepali elderly.

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program are expected to die prematurely over the next decade because they will be unable to afford their prescription medications, requiring an additional $ 17.7 billion to be spent annually on avoidable medical costs due to health complications.

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it is individual effort that contributes the most to care: family, friends, and other volunteers cover 57 percent (36 percent by informal care and 21 percent by out-of-pocket payments) of long-term care responsibilities for the elderly (CBO

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Although most retirement village operators are run for profit, there are some charitable organisations in the space: for example, the ExtraCare Charitable Trust, which operates 14 retirement villages mostly in the Midlands, is a

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Welch, Vivian; Mathew, Christine M.; Babelmorad, Panteha; Li, Yanfei; Ghogomu, Elizabeth T.; Borg, Johan; Conde, Monserrat; Kristjansson, Elizabeth; Lyddiatt, Anne; Marcus, Sue; Nickerson, Jason W. (September 2021).

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as evidence of such incompetence and the person to be represented by an attorney. Only then can the individual's legal rights be removed, and legal supervision by a guardian or conservator be initiated. The

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Due to the wide variety of elderly care needs and cultural perspectives on the elderly, there is a broad range of practices and institutions across different parts of the world. For example, in many

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There are a handful of private daycare facilities for the elderly, but they are limited to the capital city. These day care services are very expensive and beyond the reach of the general public.

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necessary to provide an adequate standard of care, whilst privately-run elderly care in developing countries throughout Asia is relatively uncommon due to the stigma of exhibiting insufficient

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the time spent with elder care can take away from time that would be spent providing for the family financially. This leads to larger disparities within socioeconomic class with the elderly.

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Bean, Jonathan. "Three Big Risks For Older Adults: Walking, Climbing Stairs and Rising from a Chair - Evidence-based Rehabilitative Care for Older Adults." CIMIT Forum. November 6, 2007.

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or conservator is the person to whom the court delegates the responsibility of acting on the incapacitated person's behalf and must report regularly his or her activities to the court.

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Information about long-term care options in the United States can be found by contacting the local Area Agency on Aging, searching through ZIP code, or elder referral agencies such as

212:"Many studies have looked at the role of women as family caregivers. Although not all have addressed gender issues and caregiving specifically, the results are still generalizable to 705:

Legal incapacity is an invasive and sometimes, difficult legal procedure. It requires that a person file a petition with the local courts, stating that the elderly person lacks the

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Elderly care includes a broad range of practices and institutions, as there is a wide variety of elderly care needs and cultural perspectives on the elderly throughout the world.

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and geographical dispersion of families. Although these changes have affected European and North American countries first, they are now increasingly affecting Asian countries.

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Last-year-of-life expenses constituted 22 percent of all medical, 26 percent of Medicare, 18 percent of all non-Medicare expenditures, and 25 percent of Medicaid expenditures.

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have communication difficulties, it may be very difficult for relatives or other concerned parties to be sure of the standard of care being given, and the possibility of

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Elderly care emphasizes the social and personal requirements of senior citizens who wish to age with dignity while needing assistance with daily activities and with

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Barton, E. M.; Baltes, M. M. & Orzech, M. J. (1980). "Etiology of dependence in older nursing home residents during morning care: The role of staff behavior".

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home. Increasingly in modern societies, care is now provided by state or charitable institutions. The reasons for this change include shrinking families, longer

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is one option for the elderly who need assistance with everyday tasks. It costs less than nursing home care but is still considered expensive for most people.

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from family to pay for privately-run elderly care. However, institutional elderly care is increasingly adopted across various Asian societies, as the

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programs can reduce the rate of falls in older people if they involve multiple categories such as balance, functional and resistance exercise.

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Care for the elderly in the UK has traditionally been funded by the state, but it is increasingly rationed, according to a joint report by the

457:. Furthermore, the U.S. government recommends evaluation of health care facilities through websites using data collected from sources such as 2856: 2829: 2665:"Health, social care and technological interventions to improve functional ability of older adults living at home: An evidence and gap map" 437:

Staff at On Lok Senior Health Services interact with participants in their senior day care program in San Francisco's Chinatown, mid 1970s.

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observed in a study by Bhumisuk Khananurak. However, over 96% of the nation has health insurance with varying degrees of care available.

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Majumder, Sumit; Aghayi, Emad; Noferesti, Moein; Memarzadeh-Tehran, Hamidreza; Mondal, Tapas; Pang, Zhibo; Deen, M. Jamal (2017-10-31).

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Huang, Shirlena; Thang, Leng Leng; Toyota, Mika (2012). "Transnational mobilities for care: Rethinking the dynamics of care in Asia".

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Senior at San Francisco's On Lok Senior Health Services at the Powell Street location takes a rest after social activities, mid 1970s.

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countries whereby younger generations often care for the elderly due to societal norms, government-run elderly care is seldom used in

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to make decisions on their behalf. The agent has a duty to act as that person would have done so and to act in their best interest.

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Gross, A. L.; Jones, R. N.; Habtemariam, D. A.; Fong, T. G.; Tommet, D.; Quach, L.; Schmitt, E.; Yap, L.; Inouye, S. K. (2012).

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Although men also provide assistance, female caregivers may spend as much as 50% more time providing care than male caregivers."

3034: 2991: 1092:"Social inequalities in the burden of care: a dyadic analysis in the caregiving partners of persons with a physical disability" 635: 1693: 1661: 3092: 3039: 2499:

Langer, Ellen; Rodin, Judith (1976). "Long-term Effects of a Control Relevant Intervention With the Institutionalized Aged".

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Butterworth, Joanne E; Hays, Rebecca; McDonagh, Sinead TJ; Richards, Suzanne H; Bower, Peter; Campbell, John (2019-10-28).

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Glass, Anne P.; Gao, Yuan; Luo, Jing (10 July 2013). "China: Facing a long-term care challenge on an unprecedented scale".

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There are relatively few studies focusing on interventions to improve personal mobility of older adults living at home.

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People in both groups perform best when they measure their progress and work toward specific goals related to strength,

2306: 441: 3077: 3019: 2360:"Interventions for involving older patients with multi-morbidity in decision-making during primary care consultations" 2464:

Secker, J.; Hill, R.; Villeneau, L. & Parkman, S. (2003). "Promoting independence: But promoting what and how?".

1816:"Medical Expenditures during the Last Year of Life: Findings from the 1992–1996 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey" 1367:"Delirium: a symptom of how hospital care is failing older persons and a window to improve quality of hospital care" 622:

Elderly-friendly interior design plays a vital role in promoting independence among the elderly. The integration of

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The average caregiver is age 46, female, married and worked outside the home earning an annual income of $ 35,000.

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Traditionally, care for older adults has been the responsibility of family members and was provided within the

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Fully self-contained properties, where occupants have their own front doors, and legal status as tenants with

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In most western countries, care facilities for older adults are residential family care homes, freestanding

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A less restrictive alternative to legal incapacity is the use of "advance directives," powers of attorney,

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Eliminating Barriers to Mental Health Treatment: A Guide for Massachusetts Elders, Families and Caregivers

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One relatively new service in the United States that can help keep older people in their homes longer is

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Care and support for the elderly population in India: Results of a survey rural North Karnataka (India)

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Desai, Sonalde, Amaresh Dubey, B.L. Joshi, Mitali Sen, Abusaleh Shariff, and Reeve Vanneman (2010).

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Donald R Hoover; Stephen Crystal; Rizie Kumar; Usha Sambamoorthi; Joel C Cantor (December 1, 2002).

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less now and more later may suit 'an equity-rich, yet cash-poor, generation of British pensioners.'

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Last-year-of-life expenses represent 22% of all medical spending in the United States, 26% of all

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coaching, individual patient coaching. Further research in this developing area is needed.

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Total employment in residential care services in Australia (thousands of people) since 1984

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Meyer, Maria M. and Derr, Paul (December 2008) "What to Do When You Suspect Elder Abuse,"

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Estimates of the age of family or informal caregivers who are women range from 59% to 75%.

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Unpaid and Paid Care: The Effects of Child Care and Elder Care on the Standard of Living

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Tough, Hannah; Brinkhof, Martin W. G.; Siegrist, Johannes; Fekete, Christine (2020).

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Given the choice, most older adults would prefer to continue to live in their homes (

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According to Family Caregiver Alliance, the majority of family caregivers are women:

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Office space for use by staff serving the scheme (and sometimes the wider community)

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Kane, Robert L. (1986). "Medical Care for the Elderly in Other Western Countries".

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services may allow seniors to live in their own home for a longer period of time.

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for accommodation, it can let older adults live safely, comfortably and happily.

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Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (December 2009),

808: 745: 582: 389: 100: 2442: 1431: 1308:"A Clinical Update on Delirium: From Early Recognition to Effective Management" 892: 2879: 2477: 1108: 96: 2690: 2569: 2383: 2334: 2179: 1640: 1392: 1333: 2940: 2865: 2536:"Smart Homes for Elderly Healthcare—Recent Advances and Research Challenges" 2314: 1873:. West Health Council for Informed Drug Spending Analysis. November 18, 2020 1831: 686: 554: 420: 392:

Policy Center stated that more than 1.1 million senior citizens in the U.S.

89: 2766: 2708: 2648: 2587: 2401: 2187: 2097: 1849: 1449: 1414:

Hshieh, T. T.; Yang, T.; Gartaganis, S. L.; Yue, J.; Inouye, S. K. (2018).

1400: 1351: 1268: 1219: 1168: 1127: 2450: 1743:"Aging Statistics, U.S Department of Health and Human Services, June 2010" 1324: 1057: 30: 17: 2520: 2164:"Heterogeneity in Self-Assessed Health Status Among the Elderly in India" 650: 586:

include doctors or nurses, police officers, lawyers, and social workers.

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Intergenerational Family Care for and by Older People in Thailand, 2011

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is a challenge across the world, and China is no exception. Due to the

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Vieillissement et enjeux d'aménagement: regards à différentes échelles

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patterns of the elderly in mind, can make it easier for everyone. A

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years old constitute the fastest growing segment of the population.

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Protecting retirement flat owners from hidden fees – a consultation

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Extra care housing offers older people independence and reassurance

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Cerejeira, Joaquim; Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta B. (2011-06-16).

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spending, 18% of all non-Medicare spending, and 25% of all

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continued pressure to limit fertility and shrink families.

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Sumit, Mazumdar; Ulf-Goran Gerdtham (13 September 2011).

975:, New York: United Nations, ESAP/P/WP/212, archived from 327:

Safety and security e.g. controlled entry to the building

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Medical (skilled care) versus non-medical (social care)

336:

Tenants have the right to control who enters their home

1513: 1511: 925:

Health and Elderly Care Expenditure in an Aging World

875:"The Elderly, Women's Work and Social Security Costs" 375:

United States Department of Health and Human Services

1547:"Living Longer, Living Better - legislative changes" 933:

International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis

388:

spending for the poor. A November 2020 study by the

345:

Access to care and support services 24 hours per day

184:

becomes more constrained and people with increasing

3106: 3065: 3010: 2984: 2918: 2872: 1737: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1641:

Care for elderly 'increasingly rationed' in England

1490:. Canberra: Productivity Commission. Archived from 756:

Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic#Elderly care

1942:"Faced with Caregiving, Even the Experts Struggle" 1898:. American Health Care Association. Archived from 320:Extra Care housing usually involves provision of: 1466:. Department of Health and Ageing. Archived from 1182:Sharma, N.; Chakrabarti, S.; Grover, S. (2016). 1921: 1919: 1725:, published November 2015, accessed 1 June 2019 188:being able to afford the cost of elderly care. 689:can be a huge step to combat mobility issues. 2850: 2278: 2276: 2274: 2149:Sivamurthy, M. and Wadakannavar, A.R. (2001) 8: 2501:Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2431:Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1988:"Caregivers Catch a Break with Respite Care" 1721:Housing Learning & Improvement Network, 1597:Long term care: Negotiating the waiting list 1420:The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 1000: 998: 996: 751:Home automation for the elderly and disabled 736:Food preferences in older adults and seniors 665:One of the major causes of elderly falls is 164:throughout Asia due to a lack of sufficient 2254: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2857: 2843: 2835: 2055:"Tips for Choosing a Health Care Facility" 1096:International Journal for Equity in Health 2756: 2698: 2680: 2638: 2577: 2559: 2391: 2240:"Status Report on Elderly People in Nepal 2042:Find Elderly Care Services using ZIP code 1839: 1439: 1382: 1341: 1323: 1258: 1209: 1199: 1158: 1117: 1107: 2416:"Clarity 2007 Aging in Place in America" 1723:Extra care housing – what is it in 2015? 543:A distinction is generally made between 440: 432: 324:Purpose-built, accessible housing design 29: 3025:Nursing home care in the United Kingdom 2619:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2364:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1790: 1788: 1553:. Australian Government. Archived from 795: 789:Department of Health and Human Services 560:Thirty-two U.S. states pay for care in 3030:Nursing home care in the United States 2347:Caring.com, Senior Care and Elder Care 1796:Assisted Living Federation of America 1484:Caring for Older Australians: Overview 1282: 1280: 1278: 1235:"Why delirium prevention is necessary" 151:continuing care retirement communities 3160:Medicare and Medicaid (United States) 2168:Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health 1678:Moving to a new home: housing options 1080:Piedmont Triad Council of Governments 848:Senior Care and Senior Compantionship 7: 2733:"Better evidence for a better world" 2295:AARP Assisted Living in the US, 2000 2132:New Delhi: Oxford University Press. 1711:About the ExtraCare Charitable Trust 27:Care serving the needs of old people 2335:Care spend 'cut by fifth in decade' 2012:Acute Care for Elders Project, 2011 1891:The Moran Company (December 2011). 1046:Home Health Care Services Quarterly 568:waiver programs. Similarly, in the 342:Some communal spaces and facilities 110:Cultural and geographic differences 784:A Profile of Older Americans: 2010 201:Gender discrepancies in caregivers 25: 3045:Social care in the United Kingdom 1577:Assisted Living Vs Long Term Care 1147:Population and Development Review 3073:Caring in intimate relationships 2242:, " Geriatric Center Nepal, 2010 1481:Productivity Commission (2011). 1371:The American Journal of Medicine 1031:10.1111/j.1471-0374.2012.00343.x 776: This article incorporates 771: 406:American Health Care Association 3035:Home care in the United Kingdom 2992:Caring for people with dementia 1551:Department of Health and Ageing 1251:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3203 636:Age-related mobility disability 3093:Unlicensed assistive personnel 3040:Home care in the United States 2631:10.1002/14651858.CD012424.pub2 2376:10.1002/14651858.cd013124.pub2 172:, having a relatively relaxed 1: 3124:Distress in cancer caregiving 2313:. August 2008. Archived from 1384:10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00070-4 1312:Nursing Research and Practice 1239:Archives of Internal Medicine 701:Legal issues about incapacity 2794:. National Academies Press. 2540:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 2307:"How to Pay for Senior Care" 2284:Health Equity in Thai Ageing 2282:Khananurak, Bhumisuk (2009) 2090:10.1080/17441692.2013.782060 1709:ExtraCare Charitable Trust, 1609:Social care for older people 555:Medicare home health benefit 52:(also known in parts of the 3078:Direct support professional 3020:Nursing home care in Canada 2737:Campbell Systematic Reviews 2669:Campbell Systematic Reviews 2513:10.1037/0022-3514.35.12.897 1625:Paying for residential care 1188:World Journal of Psychiatry 969:World Population Aging 2009 673:Improving personal mobility 630:Improving physical mobility 365:"Old Ladies Home" (sic) in 348:Community alarms and other 3181: 2900:Activities of daily living 2443:10.1037/0022-3514.38.3.423 1522:. Bethanie. Archived from 1432:10.1016/j.jagp.2018.06.007 893:10.1177/000169938202500102 633: 607: 2478:10.1017/S0144686X03001193 1940:Gross, Jane (July 2008). 1927:"What Is Aging In Place?" 1288:Family Caregiver Alliance 1109:10.1186/s12939-019-1112-1 873:Sundström, Gerdt (1982). 844:"Elderly and Senior Care" 564:facilities through their 548:and from state agencies. 2905:Long-term care insurance 2180:10.1177/1010539511416109 1820:Health Services Research 818:Levy Economics Institute 761:Transgenerational design 1832:10.1111/1475-6773.01113 1545:Government, Australia. 741:Friendly caller program 574:National Health Service 263:Productivity Commission 99:. Much elderly care is 60:), serves the needs of 3107:Support for caregivers 2985:Special considerations 2611:Sherrington, Catherine 2311:VidaSeniorResource.com 2044:Retrieved 15 Feb 2020. 2032:Retrieved 15 May 2013. 1992:BestAssistedLiving.com 778:public domain material 604:Promoting independence 590:Shared-decision making 446: 438: 370: 350:assistive technologies 303:retirement communities 254:Aged care in Australia 250: 123: 54:English-speaking world 42: 3012:Caregiving by country 2792:Eyes on the Workplace 1520:"Aged Care Glossarys" 1464:"Aged care Australia" 1143:"Discrepancy in care" 1141:Waite, L. J. (2004). 1058:10.1300/J027v07n03_37 553:requirements for the 465:In developing nations 444: 436: 364: 248: 117: 33: 2976:Retirement community 2895:Occupational therapy 2078:Global Public Health 2030:Area Agency on Aging 1153:(Supplement): 3–16. 1071:"Family Care Homes," 982:on February 15, 2010 854:on December 28, 2009 301:A growing number of 236:In developed nations 192:Issues in elder care 162:developing countries 3088:Sandwich generation 3066:Types of caregivers 2919:Living arrangements 2873:Background concepts 2552:2017Senso..17.2496M 1325:10.1155/2011/875196 1201:10.5498/wjp.v6.i1.7 805:Antonopoulos, Rania 595:During primary care 499:Indian Constitution 493:Under its eleventh 259:statutory authority 182:work–life interface 174:work–life interface 2931:Home modifications 2926:Independent living 2472:(3): 375–391<. 2466:Ageing and Society 2265:2016-03-04 at the 2202:on 28 January 2020 2126:2012-06-23 at the 2017:2012-02-18 at the 1801:2017-01-01 at the 1586:", ElderCareBC.com 1582:2010-04-18 at the 1293:2014-02-14 at the 1076:2019-07-13 at the 624:Internet of Things 447: 439: 371: 332:security of tenure 315:registered charity 251: 124: 43: 3132: 3131: 3083:Family caregivers 2830:978-2-7605-3428-5 2561:10.3390/s17112496 1966:"Assisted Living" 1929:. AgeInPlace.com. 1599:", ComfortLife.ca 1426:(10): 1015–1033. 1245:(17): 1324–1331. 475:Population ageing 373:According to the 176:and insufficient 64:. It encompasses 16:(Redirected from 3172: 3119:Caregiver stress 3002:End-of-life care 2971:Residential care 2859: 2852: 2845: 2836: 2804: 2803: 2783: 2777: 2776: 2774: 2773: 2760: 2749:10.1002/cl2.1175 2727: 2721: 2720: 2702: 2684: 2682:10.1002/cl2.1175 2659: 2653: 2652: 2642: 2607: 2601: 2598: 2592: 2591: 2581: 2563: 2531: 2525: 2524: 2496: 2490: 2489: 2461: 2455: 2454: 2426: 2420: 2419: 2412: 2406: 2405: 2395: 2355: 2349: 2343: 2337: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2323: 2322: 2303: 2297: 2292: 2286: 2280: 2269: 2256: 2243: 2237: 2212: 2211: 2209: 2207: 2198:. Archived from 2159: 2153: 2147: 2141: 2116: 2110: 2109: 2073: 2067: 2066: 2064: 2062: 2051: 2045: 2039: 2033: 2027: 2021: 2009: 2003: 2002: 2000: 1999: 1994:. September 2008 1984: 1978: 1977: 1975: 1973: 1962: 1956: 1955: 1953: 1952: 1937: 1931: 1930: 1923: 1914: 1913: 1911: 1910: 1904: 1897: 1888: 1882: 1881: 1879: 1878: 1863: 1857: 1856: 1843: 1826:(6): 1625–1642. 1811: 1805: 1792: 1783: 1782: 1780: 1779: 1764: 1758: 1757: 1755: 1754: 1745:. Archived from 1739: 1726: 1719: 1713: 1707: 1701: 1691: 1685: 1675: 1669: 1659: 1650: 1649:, September 2016 1638: 1632: 1622: 1616: 1615:, September 2016 1606: 1600: 1593: 1587: 1575:Elder Care BC, " 1573: 1567: 1566: 1564: 1562: 1542: 1536: 1535: 1533: 1531: 1526:on 25 April 2013 1515: 1506: 1505: 1503: 1502: 1496: 1489: 1478: 1472: 1471: 1470:on May 13, 2013. 1460: 1454: 1453: 1443: 1411: 1405: 1404: 1386: 1362: 1356: 1355: 1345: 1327: 1303: 1297: 1284: 1273: 1272: 1262: 1230: 1224: 1223: 1213: 1203: 1179: 1173: 1172: 1162: 1138: 1132: 1131: 1121: 1111: 1087: 1081: 1068: 1062: 1061: 1052:(3–4): 307–315. 1041: 1035: 1034: 1014: 1008: 1002: 991: 990: 989: 987: 981: 974: 963: 954: 953: 951: 949: 930: 919: 913: 912: 880:Acta Sociologica 870: 864: 863: 861: 859: 840: 834: 833: 827: 825: 815: 800: 792: 775: 774: 647:aerobic capacity 479:one-child policy 82:residential care 34:An old man at a 21: 3180: 3179: 3175: 3174: 3173: 3171: 3170: 3169: 3135: 3134: 3133: 3128: 3102: 3061: 3006: 2980: 2936:Assisted living 2914: 2910:Dignity of risk 2868: 2863: 2812: 2810:Further reading 2807: 2788:"The Aging Eye" 2785: 2784: 2780: 2771: 2769: 2729: 2728: 2724: 2661: 2660: 2656: 2625:(1): CD012424. 2609: 2608: 2604: 2599: 2595: 2533: 2532: 2528: 2507:(12): 897–902. 2498: 2497: 2493: 2463: 2462: 2458: 2428: 2427: 2423: 2414: 2413: 2409: 2357: 2356: 2352: 2344: 2340: 2333: 2329: 2320: 2318: 2305: 2304: 2300: 2293: 2289: 2281: 2272: 2267:Wayback Machine 2257: 2246: 2238: 2215: 2205: 2203: 2161: 2160: 2156: 2148: 2144: 2128:Wayback Machine 2117: 2113: 2075: 2074: 2070: 2060: 2058: 2053: 2052: 2048: 2040: 2036: 2028: 2024: 2019:Wayback Machine 2010: 2006: 1997: 1995: 1986: 1985: 1981: 1971: 1969: 1964: 1963: 1959: 1950: 1948: 1939: 1938: 1934: 1925: 1924: 1917: 1908: 1906: 1902: 1895: 1890: 1889: 1885: 1876: 1874: 1865: 1864: 1860: 1813: 1812: 1808: 1803:Wayback Machine 1793: 1786: 1777: 1775: 1774:. 10 March 2021 1766: 1765: 1761: 1752: 1750: 1741: 1740: 1729: 1720: 1716: 1708: 1704: 1692: 1688: 1676: 1672: 1660: 1653: 1639: 1635: 1623: 1619: 1607: 1603: 1595:Comfort Life, " 1594: 1590: 1584:Wayback Machine 1574: 1570: 1560: 1558: 1544: 1543: 1539: 1529: 1527: 1517: 1516: 1509: 1500: 1498: 1494: 1487: 1480: 1479: 1475: 1462: 1461: 1457: 1413: 1412: 1408: 1364: 1363: 1359: 1305: 1304: 1300: 1295:Wayback Machine 1285: 1276: 1232: 1231: 1227: 1181: 1180: 1176: 1140: 1139: 1135: 1089: 1088: 1084: 1078:Wayback Machine 1069: 1065: 1043: 1042: 1038: 1019:Global Networks 1016: 1015: 1011: 1003: 994: 985: 983: 979: 972: 965: 964: 957: 947: 945: 943: 928: 921: 920: 916: 872: 871: 867: 857: 855: 842: 841: 837: 823: 821: 813: 802: 801: 797: 781: 772: 769: 732: 703: 675: 638: 632: 612: 610:Dignity of risk 606: 597: 592: 562:assisted living 541: 528: 508: 487: 472: 467: 455:A Place for Mom 417:Assisted living 359: 288: 279: 243: 238: 229: 203: 194: 143:assisted living 136:life expectancy 132:extended family 112: 66:assisted living 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3178: 3176: 3168: 3167: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3147: 3137: 3136: 3130: 3129: 3127: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3114:Carers' rights 3110: 3108: 3104: 3103: 3101: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3069: 3067: 3063: 3062: 3060: 3059: 3058: 3057: 3052: 3042: 3037: 3032: 3027: 3022: 3016: 3014: 3008: 3007: 3005: 3004: 2999: 2994: 2988: 2986: 2982: 2981: 2979: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2963: 2958: 2953: 2948: 2946:Aging in place 2943: 2938: 2933: 2928: 2922: 2920: 2916: 2915: 2913: 2912: 2907: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2890:Long-term care 2887: 2882: 2876: 2874: 2870: 2869: 2864: 2862: 2861: 2854: 2847: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2819: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2805: 2778: 2722: 2654: 2602: 2593: 2526: 2491: 2456: 2437:(3): 423–431. 2421: 2407: 2350: 2338: 2327: 2298: 2287: 2270: 2244: 2213: 2154: 2142: 2111: 2084:(6): 725–738. 2068: 2046: 2034: 2022: 2004: 1979: 1968:. MedLine Plus 1957: 1946:New York Times 1932: 1915: 1883: 1858: 1806: 1784: 1768:"Elderly Care" 1759: 1727: 1714: 1702: 1700:, October 2015 1698:Law Commission 1686: 1670: 1668:, October 2017 1651: 1633: 1617: 1601: 1588: 1568: 1557:on 6 July 2013 1537: 1507: 1473: 1455: 1406: 1377:(5): 565–573. 1357: 1298: 1274: 1225: 1174: 1133: 1082: 1063: 1036: 1009: 992: 955: 941: 914: 865: 835: 794: 768: 765: 764: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 731: 728: 712:legal guardian 702: 699: 674: 671: 631: 628: 605: 602: 596: 593: 591: 588: 570:United Kingdom 540: 537: 527: 524: 516:Five-Year Plan 507: 504: 495:Five-Year plan 486: 483: 471: 468: 466: 463: 413:aging in place 358: 355: 354: 353: 346: 343: 340: 337: 334: 328: 325: 296:Nuffield Trust 287: 286:United Kingdom 284: 278: 275: 242: 239: 237: 234: 228: 225: 224: 223: 220: 217: 202: 199: 193: 190: 111: 108: 80:(often called 74:long-term care 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3177: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3142: 3140: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3115: 3112: 3111: 3109: 3105: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3070: 3068: 3064: 3056: 3053: 3051: 3048: 3047: 3046: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3036: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3009: 3003: 3000: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2989: 2987: 2983: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2967: 2964: 2962: 2959: 2957: 2956:Adult daycare 2954: 2952: 2951:Elder village 2949: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2939: 2937: 2934: 2932: 2929: 2927: 2924: 2923: 2921: 2917: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2886: 2883: 2881: 2878: 2877: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2860: 2855: 2853: 2848: 2846: 2841: 2840: 2837: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2813: 2809: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2782: 2779: 2768: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2726: 2723: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2701: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2683: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2658: 2655: 2650: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2606: 2603: 2597: 2594: 2589: 2585: 2580: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2562: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2530: 2527: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2495: 2492: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2460: 2457: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2425: 2422: 2417: 2411: 2408: 2403: 2399: 2394: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2342: 2339: 2336: 2331: 2328: 2317:on 2009-03-19 2316: 2312: 2308: 2302: 2299: 2296: 2291: 2288: 2285: 2279: 2277: 2275: 2271: 2268: 2264: 2261: 2255: 2253: 2251: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2236: 2234: 2232: 2230: 2228: 2226: 2224: 2222: 2220: 2218: 2214: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2174:(3): 271–83. 2173: 2169: 2165: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2146: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2129: 2125: 2122: 2115: 2112: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2072: 2069: 2056: 2050: 2047: 2043: 2038: 2035: 2031: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2016: 2013: 2008: 2005: 1993: 1989: 1983: 1980: 1967: 1961: 1958: 1947: 1943: 1936: 1933: 1928: 1922: 1920: 1916: 1905:on 2016-10-12 1901: 1894: 1887: 1884: 1872: 1871:www.cidsa.org 1868: 1862: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1810: 1807: 1804: 1800: 1797: 1791: 1789: 1785: 1773: 1769: 1763: 1760: 1749:on 2010-11-23 1748: 1744: 1738: 1736: 1734: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1706: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1690: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1674: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1658: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1647: 1642: 1637: 1634: 1631:, August 2018 1630: 1626: 1621: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1605: 1602: 1598: 1592: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1578: 1572: 1569: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1541: 1538: 1525: 1521: 1514: 1512: 1508: 1497:on 2013-05-03 1493: 1486: 1485: 1477: 1474: 1469: 1465: 1459: 1456: 1451: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1410: 1407: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1361: 1358: 1353: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1292: 1289: 1283: 1281: 1279: 1275: 1270: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1229: 1226: 1221: 1217: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1178: 1175: 1170: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1137: 1134: 1129: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1086: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1072: 1067: 1064: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1040: 1037: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1013: 1010: 1007: 1001: 999: 997: 993: 978: 971: 970: 962: 960: 956: 944: 942:3-7045-0139-5 938: 934: 927: 926: 918: 915: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 881: 876: 869: 866: 853: 849: 845: 839: 836: 832: 819: 812: 811: 806: 803:Kim, Kijong; 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