357:. Others said that "she was accomplished in everything: in front of God by practising righteousness and having strong faith, by praying and receiving Holy Communion; in worldly terms, she was accomplished in preparing food , in familiarity with the books, in knowledge of the law, and in understanding the affairs of state. For these qualities, the King greatly loved our Queen Eléni. He considered her like his own mother’.
365:
The date of Eleni's death is not entirely certain. However, Henze states that she died at an advanced age in the 1520s, and
Beckingham and Huntingford confirms this by arguing that the evidence in Álvares account provides enough information to date her death to April, 1522. Álvares makes it clear
549:
Jules
Perruchon 1893, Les chroniques de Zar’a Yâ‘eqôb et de Ba’eda Mâryâm. Paris: Bouillon, 175-6, as cited in Rita Pankhurst, "Taytu’s Foremothers: Queen Eleni, Queen Säblä Wängel and Bati Dəl Wämbära," Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, edited by Svein Ege,
269:, gave Eleni the title of Queen Mother, as his own mother Tsion Mogasa had been beaten to death during his father's reign. Eleni proved to be an effective member of the royal family; Paul B. Henze comments that she "was practically co-monarch" during his reign. When
370:
There was a great rumour and talk at the Court about the death of Queen Eleni. They said that since she had died all of them had died great and small, and that while she lived, all lived and were defended and protected; and she was the father and mother of
29:
279:
Amda Mikael. However, around 1486 she participated in a palace coup that led to his deposition and execution, and Eleni thereafter played a leading role in government, which continued into the reign of
Emperor
331:
and the Pope in Rome. Apparently, the
Portuguese only came to understand the nature of Matheus's mission after they arrived in Ethiopia, which complicated D. Rodrigo da Lima's mission to the
307:, that upon Emperor Na'od's death in combat, "he and Queen Eleni made him King, because they had all of the great men in their hands." This statement points to the power Eleni wielded.
527:. Apparently Álvares never learned this, for in his narrative he repeats, without explanation, Lebna Dengel's claim that Mattheus lacked the authority to represent him (e.g., p. 283).
622:
201:; one testimony of this is the manuscript Bruce 88, which states that she had been in the palace of three illustrious Emperors: Zara Yaqob; his son by another wife,
225:
for refusing to pay the annual tribute, leading to her capture, conversion to
Christianity, and marriage to Zara Yaqob. Hadiya rulers later appealed to the
602:
597:
587:
637:
632:
612:
409:
287:
From her childhood, Eleni retained awareness of the wider Muslim world and sought to reach a reconciliation with the neighbouring
399:
550:
Harald Aspen, Birhanu
Teferra and Shiferaw Bekele, 53. Trondheim, Norway: Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2009.
627:
607:
103:
177:
617:
335:. Eleni served as chief regent for the under-age Lebna Dengel, along with his mother, the Dowager Empress
336:
304:
366:
that she died while he was in
Ethiopia, adding that her death was a cause for sorrow by her subjects:
592:
328:
295:
242:
238:
324:
198:
39:
230:
154:
320:
405:
343:
158:
141:
193:. She played a significant role in the government of Ethiopia during her lifetime, acting as
119:
107:
436:
189:(r. 1434–1468), and served as regent between 1507 and 1516 during the minority of emperor
524:
503:
475:
Marco, Demichelis. "The Oromo and the
Historical process of Islamisation of Ethiopia".
316:
288:
266:
226:
218:
202:
581:
572:
Beckingham and
Huntingford discuss the evidence on p. 425 n.1 of their translation.
332:
250:
254:
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is described as her son, according to the translator but not the original text
507:
229:
for assistance, which lead to the climax of conflict in the region during the
222:
186:
129:
28:
353:Álvares also notes that Eleni possessed extensive estates in the province of
273:
succeeded his father, Empress Eleni was initially pushed out of power by the
171:
281:
275:
270:
234:
206:
194:
190:
182:
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Understanding the growing threat that
Ethiopia faced from the expanding
136:
354:
347:
33:
Eleni of Hadiya, empress consort and later queen mother of Ethiopia
401:
Islamic History and Culture in Southern Ethiopia: Collected Essays
300:
327:(also known as Matthew the Armenian) as an ambassador to the
241:
wrote that Eleni had no children, in some manuscripts of
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135:
125:
113:
99:
95:
87:
82:
74:
66:
58:
53:
45:
38:
21:
174:: እሌኒ, "Helena"; died April 1522) also known as
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319:influence in the region, with the counsel of
8:
502:When Mateus set out, the incumbent pope was
265:After Zara Yaqob's death, the next emperor,
27:
18:
623:Converts to Oriental Orthodoxy from Islam
519:Beckingham and Huntingford, translators,
431:Beckingham and Huntingford, translators,
221:, Eleni's kingdom was invaded by Emperor
510:had become pope by the time he arrived.
390:
16:Empress of Ethiopia in the 15th century
350:, the Emperor's senior male relative.
523:, p.307; paraphrasing the account of
463:Layers of Time, A History of Ethiopia
7:
197:co-regent or advisor to a number of
404:. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 61.
291:, promoting commercial relations.
14:
465:(New York: Palgrave, 2000), p. 75
435:by Francisco Álvares (Cambridge:
380:(1520–26; published 1540), p.434
433:The Prester John of the Indies
378:The Prester John of the Indies
247:The Prester John of the Indies
1:
603:16th-century Ethiopian people
598:15th-century Ethiopian people
588:Empresses consort of Ethiopia
217:The daughter of the King of
398:Braukämper, Ulrich (2002).
654:
638:Women of medieval Ethiopia
294:The Portuguese missionary
26:
633:Ethiopian former Muslims
613:Female regents in Africa
383:
289:Muslim Empire of Adal
249:, a male relative of
628:Ethiopian Christians
608:16th-century regents
205:(r. 1468–1478), and
448:Francisco Álvares,
376:Francesco Álvares,
261:Political influence
40:Empress of Ethiopia
439:, 1961), p. 14 n.3
231:Ethiopian-Adal war
155:Ethiopian Orthodox
333:Ethiopian Emperor
296:Francisco Álvares
253:who escaped from
243:Francisco Álvares
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298:was told by the
209:(r. 1494–1505).
142:House of Solomon
120:Ethiopian Empire
108:Ethiopian Empire
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19:
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461:Paul B. Henze,
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437:Hakluyt Society
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321:Pero da Covilhã
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233:. Although the
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185:by marriage to
181:was Empress of
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34:
17:
12:
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525:Gaspar Correia
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504:Pope Julius II
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267:Baeda Maryam I
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239:Baltasar Teles
227:Adal Sultanate
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203:Baeda Maryam I
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491:Prester John
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450:Prester John
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415:. Retrieved
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364:
352:
340:
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299:
293:
286:
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251:Lebna Dengel
246:
216:
175:
167:
166:
161:(previously)
54:Queen Mother
593:1522 deaths
563:, p. 86 n.8
255:Amba Geshen
91:1507 — 1516
67:Predecessor
62:1468 – 1478
582:Categories
508:Pope Leo X
417:10 January
386:References
237:historian
235:Portuguese
223:Zara Yaqob
187:Zara Yaqob
130:Zara Yaqob
117:April 1522
70:Igzi Kebra
536:Álvares,
489:Álvares,
176:Queen of
75:Successor
493:, p. 243
452:, p. 245
374:—
344:Degelhan
276:Bitwoded
271:Eskender
199:emperors
195:de facto
191:Dawit II
183:Ethiopia
151:Religion
49:? – 1468
559:Henze,
323:, sent
317:Ottoman
311:Regency
137:Dynasty
561:Layers
506:, but
479:: 231.
408:
355:Gojjam
348:Gojjam
339:, and
325:Mateus
305:Marqos
219:Hadiya
159:Muslim
126:Spouse
104:Hadiya
83:Regent
361:Death
301:Abuna
282:Na'od
207:Na'od
178:Zeila
172:Ge’ez
168:Eleni
88:Reign
78:Romna
59:Reign
46:Reign
22:Eleni
419:2018
406:ISBN
371:all.
213:Life
114:Died
100:Born
346:of
341:Ras
245:'s
584::
284:.
106:,
477:.
421:.
170:(
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