312:
medical context. Izabela
Ciesielska at the Institute of Architecture of Textiles in Poland used Korotkov's GDV camera to evaluate the effects of human contact with various textiles on biological factors such as heart rate and blood pressure, as well as corona discharge images. The experiments captured corona discharge images of subjects' fingertips while the subjects wore sleeves of various natural and synthetic materials on their forearms. The results failed to establish a relationship between human contact with the textiles and the corona discharge images and were considered inconclusive.
176:
220:
332:(NPI), which was later renamed the Semel Institute. The NPI had a laboratory dedicated to parapsychology research and staffed mostly with volunteers. The lab was unfunded, unsanctioned and eventually shut down by the university. Toward the end of her tenure at UCLA, Moss became interested in Kirlian photography, a technique that supposedly measured the "auras" of a living being. According to Kerry Gaynor, one of her former research assistants, "many felt Kirlian photography's effects were just a natural occurrence."
102:
3218:
204:
3229:
304:
212:
355:, thought, by some, to surround living things. Kirlian and his wife were convinced that their images showed a life force or energy field that reflected the physical and emotional states of their living subjects. They thought that these images could be used to diagnose illnesses. In 1961, they published their first article on the subject in the Russian
38:
371:
The living aura theory is at least partially repudiated by demonstrating that leaf moisture content has a pronounced effect on the electric discharge coronas; more moisture creates larger corona discharges. As the leaf dehydrates, the coronas will naturally decrease in variability and intensity. As a
367:
A typical demonstration used as evidence for the existence of these energy fields involved taking
Kirlian photographs of a picked leaf at set intervals. The gradual withering of the leaf was thought to correspond with a decline in the strength of the aura. In some experiments, if a section of a leaf
60:
is connected to a high-voltage source, an image is produced on the photographic plate. The technique has been variously known as "electrography", "electrophotography", "corona discharge photography" (CDP), "bioelectrography", "gas discharge visualization (GDV)", "electrophotonic imaging (EPI)", and,
490:
shows a
Kirlian image of a left human hand. The image appears as the 11th clip in the introductory video montage and is formed by a bluish coronal discharge as the primary outline, with only the proximal phalange of the index finger shown cryptically in red. A human silhouette, in white, seemingly
455:
has reproductions of
Kirlian photographs taken by Bowie. The photographs, which show a crucifix Bowie wore around his neck and the imprint of his "forefinger" tip, date to April 1975 when Bowie was living in Los Angeles and fascinated with the paranormal. The photographs were taken before consuming
413:
Rubik's experiments relied on
Konstantin Korotkov's GDV device to produce images, which were thought to visualize these qi biofields in chronically ill patients. Rubik acknowledges that the small sample size in her experiments "was too small to permit a meaningful statistical analysis". Claims that
299:
Results of scientific experiments published in 1976 involving
Kirlian photography of living tissue (human finger tips) showed that most of the variations in corona discharge streamer length, density, curvature, and color can be accounted for by the moisture content on the surface of and within the
113:
and his wife
Valentina developed Kirlian photography after observing a patient in Krasnodar Hospital who was receiving medical treatment from a high-frequency electrical generator. They had noticed that when the electrodes were brought near the patient's skin, there was a glow similar to that of a
368:
was torn away after the first photograph, a faint image of the missing section sometimes remains when a second photograph was taken. However, if the imaging surface is cleaned of contaminants and residual moisture before the second image is taken, then no image of the missing section will appear.
121:
The
Kirlians conducted experiments in which photographic film was placed on top of a conducting plate, and another conductor was attached to a hand, a leaf or other plant material. The conductors were energized by a high-frequency high-voltage power source, producing photographic images typically
311:
Konstantin
Korotkov developed a technique similar to Kirlian photography called "gas discharge visualization" (GDV). Korotkov's GDV camera system consists of hardware and software to directly record, process and interpret GDV images with a computer. Korotkov promotes the device and research in a
252:
Color photographic film is calibrated to produce faithful colors when exposed to normal light. Corona discharges can interact with minute variations in the different layers of dye used in the film, resulting in a wide variety of colors depending on the local intensity of the discharge. Film and
385:
processes and are greatly affected by many factors, including the voltage and frequency of the stimulus, the pressure with which a person or object touches the imaging surface, the local humidity around the object being imaged, how well grounded the person or object is, and other local factors
271:
Kirlian photography does not require the use of a camera or a lens because it is a contact print process. It is possible to use a transparent electrode in place of the high-voltage discharge plate, for capturing the resulting corona discharge with a standard photo or video camera.
187:
1267:
Katorgin, V. S., Meizerov, E. E. (2000) Actual
Questions GDV in Medical Activity, Congress Traditional Medicine, Federal Scientific Clinical and Experimental Center of Traditional Methods of Treatment and Diagnosis, Ministry of Health, pp 452–456, Elista, Moscow,
372:
result, the changing water content of the leaf can affect the so-called Kirlian aura. Kirlian's experiments did not provide evidence for an energy field other than the electric fields produced by chemical processes and the streaming process of coronal discharges.
1357:
130:. High-voltage electrophotography soon became known to the general public as Kirlian photography. Although little interest was generated among western scientists, Russians held a conference on the subject in 1972 at
1240:
Korotkov K.G., Krizhanovsky E.V. et al. (2004) The Dynamic of the Gas Discharge around Drops of Liquids. In book: Measuring Energy Fields: State of the Science, Backbone Publ.Co., Fair Lawn, USA, pp. 103–123.
1449:. The Kirlian effect not only is explainable by natural processes; it also varies according to at least six physical parameters. Arleen J. Watkins and Williams S. Bickel, The Skeptical Inquirer 13:172–184, 1989.
125:
In 1958, the Kirlians reported the results of their experiments for the first time. Their work was virtually unknown until 1970, when two Americans, Lynn Schroeder and Sheila Ostrander, published a book,
192:
188:
190:
245:
on top of a metal discharge plate. The object to be photographed is then placed directly on top of the film. High voltage current is momentarily applied to the object, thus creating an exposure. The
191:
442:, which features Kirlian photographs of his hand holding a Hindu medallion on the front sleeve and American coins on the back, shot at Thelma Moss's UCLA parapsychology laboratory.
1039:
3186:
3128:
721:
Bankovskii, N. G.; Korotkov, K. G.; Petrov, N. N. (Apr 1986). "Physical processes of image formation during gas-discharge visualization (the Kirlian effect) (Review)".
268:
the object to the earth, a cold water pipe or to the opposite (polarity) side of the high-voltage source. Grounding the object creates a stronger corona discharge.
1249:
Korotkov K., Korotkin D. (2001) Concentration Dependence of Gas Discharge around Drops of Inorganic Electrolytes, Journal of Applied Physics, 89, 9, pp. 4732–4737.
1258:
Korotkov K. G., Kaariainen P. (1998) GDV Applied for the Study of a Physical Stress in Sportsmens, Journal of Pathophysiology, Vol. 5., p. 53, Saint Petersburg.
538:
175:
577:. It is spelled Narkevich-Todko in some sources; In Russian: Наркевич-Йодко. Some sources state that he was Polish, rendering his name Jacob Jodko-Narkiewicz
3176:
3123:
2903:
971:
Adamenko, V. G. (1972) Objects Moved at a Distance by Means of a Controlled Bioelectric Field, In Abstracts, International Congress of Psychology, Tokyo.
275:
Visual artists such as Robert Buelteman, Ted Hiebert, and Dick Lane have used Kirlian photography to produce artistic images of a variety of subjects.
189:
467:
uses the concept of the Kirlian Aura as a way to transfer a person's personality into another body, even an alien body, across light years. The book
3284:
422:
Kirlian photography has appeared as a fictional element in numerous books, films, television series, and media productions, including the 1975 film
1593:
72:
claims have been made about Kirlian photography, but these claims are rejected by the scientific community. To a large extent, it has been used in
1773:
456:
cocaine and 30 minutes afterwards. The after photograph apparently shows a substantial increase in the "aura" around the crucifix and forefinger.
95:
coined the word "electrography". Seven years later in 1896, a French experimenter, Hippolyte Baraduc, created electrographs of hands and leaves.
824:
249:
between the object and the plate due to high-voltage is captured by the film. The developed film results in a Kirlian photograph of the object.
98:
In 1898, Polish-Belarusian engineer Jakub Jodko-Narkiewicz demonstrated electrography at the fifth exhibition of the Russian Technical Society.
109:
In 1939, two Czechs, S. Pratt and J. Schlemmer, published photographs showing a glow around leaves. The same year, Russian electrical engineer
1879:
1631:
1470:
1332:
1019:
938:
757:
325:
157:
3181:
335:
Paranormal claims of Kirlian photography have not been observed or replicated in experiments by the scientific community. The physiologist
145:
was referred to as a "Kirlian aura" in Russia and Eastern Europe. In 1975, soviet scientist Victor Adamenko wrote a dissertation titled
3118:
2665:
1362:
792:
2874:
1289:
1047:
621:
149:. Scientific study of what the researchers called the Kirlian effect was conducted by Victor Inyushin at Kazakh State University.
3274:
2841:
3160:
3138:
2627:
1383:
329:
1412:
Opalinski, John (Jan 1979). "Kirlian-type images and the transport of thin-film materials in high-voltage corona discharges".
2806:
2294:
2081:
554:
31:
953:
Antonov, A., Yuskesselieva, L. (1985) Selective High Frequency Discharge (Kirlian effect), Acta Hydrophysica, Berlin, p. 29.
3279:
3259:
3254:
2715:
2647:
2400:
1927:
1011:
The body electric: a personal journey into the mysteries of parapsychological research, bioenergy, and Kirlian photography
998:
Inyushin, V. M., Gritsenko, V. S. (1968) The Biological Essence of Kirlian effect, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan, State University.
1198:
Pehek, John O.; Kyler, Harry J. & Faust, David L. (15 October 1976). "Image Modulatic Corona Discharge Photography".
3148:
3143:
543:
438:
3294:
3153:
2425:
1932:
2567:
901:
Kirlian, S. D. (1949) Method for Receiving Photographic Pictures of Different Types of Objects, Patent, N106401 USSR.
3299:
2879:
2470:
1768:
1099:
2846:
2796:
2756:
2609:
2495:
2445:
2142:
2086:
1942:
1699:
1624:
53:
3052:
2642:
2375:
2167:
1487:
219:
1302:
3269:
3012:
2816:
2720:
2584:
2435:
2272:
2177:
1820:
1709:
502:
131:
989:
Petrosyan, V., I., et al. (1996) Bioelectrical Discharge, Biomedical Radio-Engineering and Electronics, №3.
3289:
3233:
3072:
3047:
2851:
2836:
2771:
2751:
2657:
2579:
2410:
2334:
2329:
2304:
2232:
2222:
2172:
2162:
2096:
2059:
1987:
1962:
636:
Introduction to electrography: A handbook for prospective researchers of the Kirlian effect in biomedicine
90:
85:
3133:
2923:
2831:
2826:
2811:
2801:
2776:
2761:
2622:
2555:
2525:
2485:
2395:
2385:
2227:
2106:
2069:
1992:
605:
495:
351:
Kirlian believed that images created by Kirlian photography might depict a conjectural energy field, or
2680:
1462:
The Skeptic's Dictionary: A Collection of Strange Beliefs, Amusing Deceptions, and Dangerous Delusions
3222:
2821:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2766:
2420:
2344:
2314:
2267:
2212:
2202:
2127:
1952:
1899:
1617:
1421:
1207:
836:
730:
680:
613:
399:
265:
73:
101:
3264:
2918:
2891:
2861:
2515:
2339:
2217:
2197:
2187:
2182:
2152:
2044:
1957:
1785:
1780:
528:
523:
855:"Images of Corona Discharges as a Source of Information About the Influence of Textiles on Humans"
432:. Kirlian photographs have been used as visual components in various media, such as the sleeve of
386:
affecting the conductivity of the person or object being imaged. Oils, sweat, bacteria, and other
264:
Photographs of inanimate objects such as a coins, keys and leaves can be made more effectively by
3067:
2725:
2675:
2500:
2360:
2319:
2299:
2237:
2192:
2157:
2132:
1694:
1659:
1180:
1140:
Puente, Veronica (9 March 2009). "Photographer Dick Lane gets really charged up about his work".
877:
57:
141:
in the 1970s. The corona discharge glow at the surface of an object subjected to a high-voltage
1398:
1009:
160:
conducted extensive research into Kirlian photography. Moss led an independent and unsupported
3032:
2968:
2955:
2886:
2550:
2475:
2465:
2455:
2440:
2309:
2277:
2137:
1972:
1743:
1603:
1585:
1466:
1328:
1285:
1223:
1172:
1015:
934:
788:
753:
617:
518:
451:
352:
197:
414:
these energies can be captured by special photographic equipment are criticized by skeptics.
3092:
3037:
2995:
2980:
2963:
2933:
2928:
2572:
2530:
2480:
2247:
2207:
2147:
2002:
1460:
1429:
1215:
1164:
869:
688:
258:
246:
49:
3097:
3000:
2617:
2370:
2252:
1947:
1894:
1889:
1857:
1842:
1800:
1597:
962:
Juravlev, A. E. (1966) Living Luminescence and Kirlian effect, Academy of Science in USSR.
780:
529:
Cherenkov radiation § Medical imaging of radioisotopes and external beam radiotherapy
433:
1425:
1352:
1211:
734:
684:
48:
is a collection of photographic techniques used to capture the phenomenon of electrical
2869:
2695:
2637:
2405:
2091:
1997:
1982:
1977:
1872:
1684:
1674:
1664:
601:
549:
474:
469:
428:
284:
161:
142:
110:
65:
1325:
Pseudoscience and Extraordinary Claims of the Paranormal: A Critical Thinker's Toolkit
147:
Research of the structure of High-frequency electric discharge (Kirlian effect) images
17:
3248:
3022:
2990:
2975:
2940:
2700:
2545:
2510:
2460:
2101:
2074:
2054:
2022:
1967:
464:
288:
234:
1184:
881:
402:
using Kirlian photography research, attempting to explain the Chinese discipline of
203:
3198:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3027:
2913:
2908:
2562:
2287:
2257:
2039:
2034:
2017:
1862:
1689:
1679:
1669:
1277:
854:
609:
343:
that has "nothing to do with health, vitality, or mood of a subject photographed."
336:
238:
138:
708:
Bioelectrography, a new method for detecting cancer and monitoring body physiology
671:
Boyers, David G. & Tiller, William A. (1973). "Corona discharge photography".
3203:
3062:
3057:
2985:
2898:
2735:
2710:
2540:
2535:
2520:
2380:
2262:
2242:
2111:
2012:
1904:
1867:
1837:
1790:
1758:
1753:
1719:
1640:
1348:
486:
446:
379:
321:
153:
1100:"Photographer Robert Buelteman Shocks Flowers With 80,000 Volts Of Electricity"
303:
3193:
2705:
2685:
2599:
2589:
2450:
2415:
2390:
2324:
2064:
2049:
2029:
1911:
1847:
1763:
1714:
387:
382:
376:
242:
69:
3102:
3042:
2670:
2632:
2594:
2490:
1852:
1815:
1810:
1795:
1748:
1736:
1358:
An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural
873:
484:
The opening credits during the first seven seasons of the television series
478:
115:
1589:, Dr. Rory Coker, Professor of Physics at the University of Texas at Austin
1219:
390:
contaminants found on living tissues can also affect the resulting images.
211:
1176:
2690:
2505:
2007:
1937:
1805:
1731:
1726:
1227:
980:
Kulin, E. T. (1980) Bioelectrical Effects, Science and Technology, Minsk.
1524:
2730:
1884:
1830:
1361:. Digital adaptation by Gilles-Maurice de Schryver. (Online ed.).
1168:
533:
692:
2282:
1704:
1654:
1446:
1433:
506:
403:
375:
The coronal discharges identified as Kirlian auras are the result of
359:. Kirlian's claims were embraced by energy treatments practitioners.
254:
225:
1125:
Blennerhassett, Patrick (9 March 2009). "Electrifying photography".
37:
398:
Scientists such as Beverly Rubik have explored the idea of a human
122:
showing a silhouette of the object surrounded by an aura of light.
2945:
2365:
1825:
302:
218:
210:
202:
185:
64:
Kirlian photography has been the subject of scientific research,
1384:"What is Kirlian Photography? The Science and the Myth Revealed"
933:. Vol. 11. New York, NY: Marshall Cavendish. p. 1481.
771:
769:
340:
1613:
283:
Kirlian photography has been a subject of scientific research,
56:, who, in 1939, accidentally discovered that if an object on a
1609:
1553:
The Body Electric: Electromagnetism and the Foundation of Life
1512:
Working Class Mystic: A Spiritual Biography of George Harrison
156:
and Kendall Johnson at the Center for Health Sciences at the
1069:
Iovine, John (June 2000). "Kirlian Photography, Part Deux".
407:
598:
Skeptical - a Handbook of Pseudoscience and the Paranormal
406:. Qigong teaches that there is a vitalistic energy called
498:
was named after the device used for Kirlian photography.
253:
digital imaging techniques also record light produced by
164:
laboratory that was shut down by the university in 1979.
1465:. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons. p. 446.
1401:. Department of Physics - University of Texas at Austin.
1084:
Iovine, John (May 2000). "Kirlian Photography: Part 1".
802:
800:
30:"Electrography" redirects here. For other uses, see
3169:
3111:
3011:
2954:
2860:
2744:
2656:
2608:
2353:
2120:
1920:
1647:
706:Konikiewicz, Leonard W.; Griff, Leonard C. (1984).
1155:Skrabanek, P. (1988). "Paranormal Health Claims".
748:Wisneski, Leonard A. & Anderson, Lucy (2010).
180:Typical Kirlian photography setup (cross-section)
1447:The Kirlian Technique: Controlling the Wild Cards
1488:"The human biofield and a pilot study of qigong"
1327:. Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 283.
1040:"UCLA lab researched parapsychology in the '70s"
233:Kirlian photography is a technique for creating
806:Watkins, Arleen J; Bickell, William S. (1986).
426:, re-released under the more sensational title
1625:
848:
846:
829:The Scientific Review of Alternative Medicine
539:List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
357:Journal of Scientific and Applied Photography
8:
750:The Scientific Basis of Integrative Medicine
710:. Leonard Associates Press (Harrisburg, PA).
509:features a track called Kirlian Photograph.
3177:Conservation and restoration of photographs
481:society controlled by ‘Kirlian computers’.
410:(or chi) that permeates all living things.
137:Kirlian photography was used in the former
128:Psychic Discoveries Behind the Iron Curtain
2904:Comparison of digital and film photography
1632:
1618:
1610:
818:
816:
339:has written that Kirlian photography is a
174:
3129:Photographs considered the most important
1318:
1316:
1033:
1031:
519:Aura (paranormal) § Aura photography
61:in Russian literature, "Kirlianography".
666:
664:
662:
660:
100:
36:
913:Psi Discoveries Behind the Iron Curtain
589:
566:
105:Kirlian photograph of a fingertip, 1989
924:
922:
1562:Kirlian Photography: A Hands on Guide
1551:Becker, Robert; Selden, Gary (1985).
911:Ostrander, S.; Schroeder, L. (1970).
853:Ciesielska, Izabela L. (March 2009).
494:The Italian electronic darkwave band
326:University of California, Los Angeles
257:emitted during corona discharge (see
52:. It is named after Soviet scientist
7:
1399:"Kirlian Photography and the "Aura""
1301:Pilkington, Mark (5 February 2004).
1157:Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
3124:Museums devoted to one photographer
196:Kirlian Discharge Tests on a metal
2666:Timeline of photography technology
1586:Kirlian Photography and the "Aura"
1363:James Randi Educational Foundation
1046:. UCLA Daily Bruin. Archived from
307:Kirlian photograph of a dusty leaf
25:
810:. Skeptical Inquirer 10: 244-257.
463:novels by science fiction author
324:, a psychology professor, headed
207:Kirlian photograph of a fingertip
3227:
3217:
3216:
1569:Krippner, S.; Rubin, D. (1973).
1038:Greene, Sean (27 October 2010).
634:Konikiewicz, Leonard W. (1978).
3285:Photography in the Soviet Union
3228:
1606:, University of Hawaii at Manoa
929:Richard Cavendish, ed. (1994).
653:. And/Or Press (San Francisco).
215:Kirlian photograph of two coins
41:Kirlian photograph of two coins
616:, Imagecraft, Canberra, 1989,
555:Timeline of Russian innovation
241:. The process entails placing
32:Electrography (disambiguation)
1:
2716:Painted photography backdrops
2648:Golden triangle (composition)
1928:35 mm equivalent focal length
1459:Carroll, Robert Todd (2003).
1008:Thelma Moss (December 1979).
808:A Study of the Kirlian Effect
573:Alternatively transliterated
259:Mechanism of corona discharge
1382:Rachael Towne (2012-11-14).
544:Magnetic particle inspection
439:Living in the Material World
2426:Intentional camera movement
1600: (archived May 8, 2016)
1323:Smith, Jonathan C. (2009).
823:Stenger, Victor J. (1999).
723:Radiotekhnika I Elektronika
3316:
3119:Most expensive photographs
2471:Multi-exposure HDR capture
1525:"Kirlian Camera biography"
1414:Journal of Applied Physics
868:(1). Lodz, Poland: 36–41.
785:Science and the Paranormal
673:Journal of Applied Physics
330:Neuropsychiatric Institute
29:
3212:
596:Julie McCarron-Benson in
3053:Digital image processing
1555:. Quill/Williams Morrow.
1142:Fort Worth Star-Telegram
752:. Taylor & Francis.
501:British industrial band
491:falls towards the hand.
470:The Anarchistic Colossus
223:Kirlian photograph of a
3275:Photographic techniques
3161:Photography periodicals
2721:Photography and the law
874:10.1515/aut-2009-090106
775:Singer, Barry. (1981).
638:. Leonard's Associates.
316:Parapsychology research
243:sheet photographic film
132:Kazakh State University
27:Photographic techniques
3073:Gelatin silver process
2097:Science of photography
2082:Photographic processes
2060:Perspective distortion
1284:. Gale Group. p. 183.
1282:Encyclopedia of Hoaxes
1220:10.1126/science.968480
862:AUTEX Research Journal
308:
230:
216:
208:
200:
106:
42:
18:Eletrophotonic imaging
2526:Schlieren photography
2070:Photographic printing
1993:Exposure compensation
1560:Iovine, John (1993).
1529:www.kirliancamera.com
1353:"Kirlian photography"
825:"Bioenergetic Fields"
306:
222:
214:
206:
195:
104:
40:
3280:Photography by genre
3260:Electrical phenomena
3255:Electrical breakdown
2315:Straight photography
1953:Chromatic aberration
1573:. Gordon and Breach.
649:Lane, Earle (1975).
363:Torn leaf experiment
152:Early in the 1970s,
74:alternative medicine
3187:photographic plates
2862:Digital photography
2045:Hyperfocal distance
1958:Circle of confusion
1594:Bioenergetic Fields
1426:1979JAP....50..498O
1212:1976Sci...194..263P
1044:News, A Closer Look
931:Man, Myth and Magic
835:(1). Archived from
777:Kirlian Photography
735:1986RaEl...31..625B
685:1973JAP....44.3102B
524:Bioelectromagnetism
295:Scientific research
116:neon discharge tube
86:Bartoloměj Navrátil
68:research, and art.
46:Kirlian photography
3295:Russian inventions
2681:Autochrome Lumière
2676:Analog photography
2501:Pigeon photography
2295:Social documentary
1774:discontinued films
1169:10.1007/bf01961267
651:Electrophotography
503:Cabaret Voltaire's
418:In popular culture
309:
237:photographs using
231:
217:
209:
201:
107:
58:photographic plate
50:coronal discharges
43:
3300:Soviet inventions
3242:
3241:
3033:Collodion process
2969:Chromogenic print
2956:Color photography
2466:Multiple exposure
2441:Lo-fi photography
1973:Color temperature
1604:Victor J. Stenger
1472:978-0-471-27242-7
1386:. Light Stalking.
1334:978-1-4051-8122-8
1303:"Bodies of light"
1206:(4262): 263–270.
1021:978-0-312-90437-1
1014:. J. P. Tarcher.
940:978-1-85435-731-1
759:978-1-4200-8290-6
693:10.1063/1.1662715
424:The Kirlian Force
193:
16:(Redirected from
3307:
3231:
3230:
3220:
3219:
3093:Print permanence
3038:Cross processing
2996:CMYK color model
2981:Color management
2934:Foveon X3 sensor
2929:Three-CCD camera
2573:Miniature faking
2531:Sabattier effect
2148:Astrophotography
2003:Zebra patterning
1634:
1627:
1620:
1611:
1574:
1571:Galaxies of Life
1565:
1556:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1521:
1515:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1492:
1486:Rubik, Beverly.
1483:
1477:
1476:
1456:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1434:10.1063/1.325641
1409:
1403:
1402:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1320:
1311:
1310:
1298:
1292:
1275:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1050:on 27 April 2011
1035:
1026:
1025:
1005:
999:
996:
990:
987:
981:
978:
972:
969:
963:
960:
954:
951:
945:
944:
926:
917:
916:
915:. Prentice-Hall.
908:
902:
899:
893:
892:
890:
888:
859:
850:
841:
840:
820:
811:
804:
795:
783:, Barry Singer.
773:
764:
763:
745:
739:
738:
718:
712:
711:
703:
697:
696:
679:(7): 3102–3112.
668:
655:
654:
646:
640:
639:
631:
625:
594:
578:
571:
300:living tissue.
289:pseudoscientific
247:corona discharge
194:
178:
143:electrical field
94:
21:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3238:
3208:
3165:
3107:
3098:Push processing
3014:
3007:
3001:RGB color model
2950:
2856:
2740:
2652:
2618:Diagonal method
2604:
2349:
2253:Photojournalism
2116:
1948:Black-and-white
1916:
1895:Slide projector
1890:Movie projector
1769:available films
1643:
1638:
1598:Wayback Machine
1581:
1568:
1559:
1550:
1547:
1545:Further reading
1542:
1533:
1531:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1509:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1473:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1445:
1441:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1367:
1365:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1335:
1322:
1321:
1314:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1276:
1272:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1109:
1107:
1104:Huffington Post
1098:
1097:
1093:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1053:
1051:
1037:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1007:
1006:
1002:
997:
993:
988:
984:
979:
975:
970:
966:
961:
957:
952:
948:
941:
928:
927:
920:
910:
909:
905:
900:
896:
886:
884:
857:
852:
851:
844:
822:
821:
814:
805:
798:
787:. pp. 196-208.
781:George O. Abell
774:
767:
760:
747:
746:
742:
720:
719:
715:
705:
704:
700:
670:
669:
658:
648:
647:
643:
633:
632:
628:
595:
591:
587:
582:
581:
575:Narkevich-Yodko
572:
568:
563:
515:
445:The artwork of
434:George Harrison
420:
396:
365:
349:
318:
297:
281:
186:
184:
183:
182:
181:
170:
88:
84:In 1889, Czech
82:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3313:
3311:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3270:Parapsychology
3267:
3262:
3257:
3247:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3225:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3184:
3173:
3171:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3019:
3017:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3005:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2978:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2960:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2870:Digital camera
2866:
2864:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2696:Camera obscura
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2662:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2638:Rule of thirds
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2614:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2565:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2406:Harris shutter
2403:
2401:Hand-colouring
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2092:Red-eye effect
2089:
2084:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2020:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1998:Exposure value
1995:
1990:
1985:
1983:Depth of focus
1980:
1978:Depth of field
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1908:
1907:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1783:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1629:
1622:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1590:
1580:
1579:External links
1577:
1576:
1575:
1566:
1564:. McGraw-Hill.
1557:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1516:
1503:
1478:
1471:
1451:
1439:
1420:(1): 498–504.
1404:
1389:
1374:
1340:
1333:
1312:
1293:
1270:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1190:
1163:(4): 303–309.
1147:
1132:
1117:
1106:. 23 July 2012
1091:
1076:
1061:
1027:
1020:
1000:
991:
982:
973:
964:
955:
946:
939:
918:
903:
894:
842:
839:on 2016-03-03.
812:
796:
793:978-0862450373
765:
758:
740:
713:
698:
656:
641:
626:
602:Donald Laycock
588:
586:
583:
580:
579:
565:
564:
562:
559:
558:
557:
552:
550:Thoughtography
547:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
514:
511:
496:Kirlian Camera
475:A. E. van Vogt
449:'s 1997 album
436:'s 1973 album
429:Psychic Killer
419:
416:
395:
392:
364:
361:
348:
345:
317:
314:
296:
293:
285:parapsychology
280:
277:
179:
173:
172:
171:
169:
166:
162:parapsychology
111:Semyon Kirlian
81:
78:
66:parapsychology
54:Semyon Kirlian
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3312:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3290:Pseudoscience
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3235:
3226:
3224:
3215:
3214:
3211:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3168:
3162:
3159:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3134:Photographers
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3023:Bleach bypass
3021:
3020:
3018:
3016:
3010:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2991:primary color
2989:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2976:Reversal film
2974:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2941:Image sharing
2939:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2842:United States
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2743:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2701:Daguerreotype
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2546:Stopping down
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2511:Rephotography
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2446:Long-exposure
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2143:Architectural
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2102:Shutter speed
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2055:Metering mode
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1968:Color balance
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1933:Angle of view
1931:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1880:Manufacturers
1878:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1635:
1630:
1628:
1623:
1621:
1616:
1615:
1612:
1605:
1601:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1489:
1482:
1479:
1474:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1408:
1405:
1400:
1393:
1390:
1385:
1378:
1375:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1336:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1290:0-8103-8414-0
1287:
1283:
1279:
1278:Stein, Gordon
1274:
1271:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1194:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1151:
1148:
1143:
1136:
1133:
1128:
1127:Victoria News
1121:
1118:
1105:
1101:
1095:
1092:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1072:
1065:
1062:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1004:
1001:
995:
992:
986:
983:
977:
974:
968:
965:
959:
956:
950:
947:
942:
936:
932:
925:
923:
919:
914:
907:
904:
898:
895:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
856:
849:
847:
843:
838:
834:
830:
826:
819:
817:
813:
809:
803:
801:
797:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
772:
770:
766:
761:
755:
751:
744:
741:
736:
732:
728:
724:
717:
714:
709:
702:
699:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
667:
665:
663:
661:
657:
652:
645:
642:
637:
630:
627:
623:
622:0-7316-5794-2
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
593:
590:
584:
576:
570:
567:
560:
556:
553:
551:
548:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
516:
512:
510:
508:
504:
499:
497:
492:
489:
488:
482:
480:
476:
472:
471:
466:
465:Piers Anthony
462:
457:
454:
453:
448:
443:
441:
440:
435:
431:
430:
425:
417:
415:
411:
409:
405:
401:
393:
391:
389:
384:
381:
378:
373:
369:
362:
360:
358:
354:
346:
344:
342:
338:
333:
331:
327:
323:
315:
313:
305:
301:
294:
292:
290:
287:research and
286:
278:
276:
273:
269:
267:
262:
260:
256:
250:
248:
244:
240:
236:
235:contact print
228:
227:
221:
213:
205:
199:
177:
167:
165:
163:
159:
155:
150:
148:
144:
140:
135:
133:
129:
123:
119:
117:
112:
103:
99:
96:
92:
87:
79:
77:
75:
71:
67:
62:
59:
55:
51:
47:
39:
33:
19:
3199:Polaroid art
3088:K-14 process
3083:Instant film
3078:Gum printing
3028:C-41 process
3013:Photographic
2914:Image sensor
2909:Film scanner
2563:Sun printing
2496:Print toning
2430:
2288:space selfie
2258:Pictorialism
2188:Ethnographic
2168:Conservation
2040:Guide number
2035:Focal length
1592:
1584:
1570:
1561:
1552:
1532:. Retrieved
1528:
1519:
1511:
1510:Tillery, G.
1506:
1494:. Retrieved
1481:
1461:
1454:
1442:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1397:Rory Coker.
1392:
1377:
1366:. Retrieved
1356:
1349:Randi, James
1343:
1324:
1307:The Guardian
1306:
1296:
1281:
1273:
1263:
1254:
1245:
1236:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1141:
1135:
1126:
1120:
1108:. Retrieved
1103:
1094:
1085:
1079:
1070:
1064:
1052:. Retrieved
1048:the original
1043:
1010:
1003:
994:
985:
976:
967:
958:
949:
930:
912:
906:
897:
885:. Retrieved
865:
861:
837:the original
832:
828:
807:
784:
776:
749:
743:
726:
722:
716:
707:
701:
676:
672:
650:
644:
635:
629:
610:Colin Groves
606:David Vernon
597:
592:
574:
569:
505:first album
500:
493:
485:
483:
477:involves an
468:
460:
458:
450:
444:
437:
427:
423:
421:
412:
397:
374:
370:
366:
356:
350:
337:Gordon Stein
334:
319:
310:
298:
282:
274:
270:
263:
251:
239:high voltage
232:
224:
151:
146:
139:Eastern Bloc
136:
127:
124:
120:
108:
97:
83:
63:
45:
44:
3204:Stereoscopy
3063:E-6 process
3058:Dye coupler
2986:color space
2899:Digiscoping
2892:camera back
2807:Philippines
2736:Visual arts
2726:Glass plate
2711:Heliography
2610:Composition
2585:Ultraviolet
2541:Stereoscopy
2536:Slow motion
2521:Scanography
2436:Kite aerial
2381:Contre-jour
2273:Post-mortem
2263:Pornography
2243:Neues Sehen
2178:Documentary
2112:Zone System
2087:Reciprocity
2013:Film format
1943:Backscatter
1921:Terminology
1791:beauty dish
1695:rangefinder
1660:light-field
1641:Photography
729:: 625–643.
614:Simon Brown
546:(Magnaflux)
487:The X-Files
479:anarchistic
447:David Bowie
322:Thelma Moss
154:Thelma Moss
89: [
3265:Paranormal
3249:Categories
3194:Lomography
3015:processing
2964:Print film
2880:comparison
2847:Uzbekistan
2797:Luxembourg
2757:Bangladesh
2706:Dufaycolor
2686:Box camera
2643:Simplicity
2600:Zoom burst
2595:Xerography
2590:Vignetting
2580:Time-lapse
2568:Tilt–shift
2461:Mordançage
2451:Luminogram
2416:Holography
2411:High-speed
2391:Fill flash
2376:Burst mode
2354:Techniques
2335:Vernacular
2330:Underwater
2325:Toy camera
2305:Still life
2233:Monochrome
2223:High-speed
2173:Cloudscape
2163:Conceptual
2065:Photograph
2050:Lens flare
2030:Film speed
1912:Zone plate
1858:wide-angle
1843:long-focus
1534:2024-08-21
1368:2008-10-14
1280:. (1993).
1086:Poptronics
1071:Poptronics
585:References
473:(1977) by
383:ionization
377:stochastic
76:research.
70:Paranormal
3139:Norwegian
3103:Stop bath
3048:Developer
3043:Cyanotype
2671:Ambrotype
2633:Lead room
2556:Slit-scan
2491:Photogram
2486:Panoramic
2396:Fireworks
2228:Landscape
1873:telephoto
1821:reflector
1816:monolight
1811:lens hood
1796:cucoloris
1737:safelight
1648:Equipment
1496:26 August
1351:(n.d.) .
1309:. London.
1110:22 August
1088:(15): 15.
1073:(16): 20.
1054:25 August
887:26 August
452:Earthling
328:(UCLA)'s
320:In 1968,
266:grounding
3223:Category
2919:CMOS APS
2817:Slovenia
2745:Regional
2691:Calotype
2628:Headroom
2506:Redscale
2421:Infrared
2371:Brenizer
2345:Wildlife
2268:Portrait
2213:Forensic
2203:Fine-art
2138:Aircraft
2128:Abstract
2008:F-number
1988:Exposure
1963:Clipping
1938:Aperture
1806:hot shoe
1732:enlarger
1727:Darkroom
1185:29310075
882:56388931
513:See also
400:biofield
388:ionizing
380:electric
291:claims.
279:Research
168:Overview
3234:Outline
3170:Related
2852:Vietnam
2837:Ukraine
2772:Denmark
2752:Albania
2731:Tintype
2658:History
2623:Framing
2516:Rollout
2481:Panning
2431:Kirlian
2340:Wedding
2218:Glamour
2198:Fashion
2183:Eclipse
2153:Banquet
2075:Albumen
1885:Monopod
1863:fisheye
1831:softbox
1685:pinhole
1675:instant
1665:digital
1596:at the
1422:Bibcode
1268:Russia.
1208:Bibcode
1200:Science
1177:2834214
731:Bibcode
681:Bibcode
534:L-field
461:Cluster
255:photons
80:History
3232:
3221:
3149:street
3144:Polish
2832:Turkey
2827:Taiwan
2812:Serbia
2802:Norway
2777:Greece
2762:Canada
2361:Afocal
2320:Street
2300:Sports
2283:Selfie
2238:Nature
2193:Erotic
2158:Candid
2133:Aerial
2121:Genres
2023:medium
1900:Tripod
1868:swivel
1781:Filter
1759:holder
1754:format
1655:Camera
1514:(2011)
1469:
1331:
1288:
1228:968480
1226:
1183:
1175:
1018:
937:
880:
791:
756:
620:
507:Mix-Up
404:Qigong
347:Claims
226:Coleus
198:washer
3154:women
3112:Lists
3068:Fixer
2946:Pixel
2875:D-SLR
2822:Sudan
2792:Korea
2787:Japan
2782:India
2767:China
2551:Strip
2476:Night
2456:Macro
2366:Bokeh
2310:Stock
2278:Ruins
2018:large
1848:prime
1826:snoot
1786:Flash
1764:stock
1705:still
1690:press
1680:phone
1670:field
1491:(PDF)
1181:S2CID
878:S2CID
858:(PDF)
779:. In
624:, p11
600:, ed
561:Notes
93:]
3182:film
2887:MILC
2386:ETTR
2248:Nude
2208:Fire
2107:Sync
1905:head
1853:zoom
1838:Lens
1801:gobo
1749:base
1744:Film
1720:view
1498:2012
1467:ISBN
1329:ISBN
1286:ISBN
1224:PMID
1173:PMID
1112:2012
1056:2012
1016:ISBN
935:ISBN
889:2012
789:ISBN
754:ISBN
618:ISBN
459:The
353:aura
341:hoax
229:leaf
158:UCLA
2924:CCD
1715:toy
1710:TLR
1700:SLR
1430:doi
1216:doi
1204:194
1165:doi
870:doi
689:doi
261:).
3251::
1602:,
1527:.
1428:.
1418:50
1416:.
1355:.
1315:^
1305:.
1222:.
1214:.
1202:.
1179:.
1171:.
1161:44
1159:.
1102:.
1042:.
1030:^
921:^
876:.
864:.
860:.
845:^
831:.
827:.
815:^
799:^
768:^
727:31
725:.
687:.
677:44
675:.
659:^
612:,
608:,
604:,
408:qi
394:Qi
134:.
118:.
91:cs
1633:e
1626:t
1619:v
1537:.
1500:.
1475:.
1436:.
1432::
1424::
1371:.
1337:.
1230:.
1218::
1210::
1187:.
1167::
1144:.
1129:.
1114:.
1058:.
1024:.
943:.
891:.
872::
866:9
833:3
762:.
737:.
733::
695:.
691::
683::
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
